High risk of peripheral arterial disease in the United Kingdom: 2-year results of a prospective registry

Angiology

Volumn 62, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 111-118

  Stansby, Gerard ^a   Mister, Rebecca ^b,c   Fowkes, Gerry ^d   Roughton, Michael ^b   Nugara, Fiona ^b   Brittenden, Julie ^e   Bradbury, Andrew ^f   Ashley, Simon ^g   Shearman, Cliff ^h   Hannon, Ray ⁱ   Flather, Marcus ^b,j  

^a NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b ROYAL BROMPTON AND HAREFIELD NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^e ABERDEEN ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

^f UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS BIRMINGHAM NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^g DERRIFORD HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^h SOUTHAMPTON GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

ⁱ BELFAST CITY HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^j NATIONAL HEART AND LUNG INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

more..

Author keywords

claudication; peripheral arterial disease; risk factors

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; AMFEBUTAMONE; ANGIOTENSIN II ANTAGONIST; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM ANTAGONIST; CLOPIDOGREL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIPYRIDAMOLE; DIURETIC AGENT; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; INSULIN; NITRATE; ORAL ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; WARFARIN;

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX; ANKLE PRESSURE; ARTERY DISEASE; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DEATH; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG USE; FEMALE; HEART INFARCTION; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MULTICENTER STUDY; PERIPHERAL OCCLUSIVE ARTERY DISEASE; PROGNOSIS; SMOKING; STROKE; UNITED KINGDOM;

AGED; AMBULATORY CARE; CARDIOVASCULAR AGENTS; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; REGISTRIES; RISK FACTORS; SURVIVAL RATE; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 78651396505     PISSN: 00033197     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0003319710387917     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Fowkes FG, Housley E., Cawood EH, Macintyre CC, Ruckley CV, Prescott RJ Edinburgh Artery Study: prevalence of asymptomatic and symptomatic peripheral arterial disease in the general population. Int J Epidemiol. 1991 ; 20 (2). 384-392.
2. Selvin E., Erlinger TP Prevalence of and risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in the United States: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2000. Circulation. 2004 ; 110 (6). 738-743.
3. Sethi A., Arora RR Medical management and cardiovascular risk reduction in peripheral arterial disease. Exper Clin Cardiol. 2008 ; 13 (3). 113-119.
4. Zeymer U., Parhofer KG, Pittrow D., et al. Risk factor profile, management and prognosis of patients with peripheral arterial disease with or without coronary artery disease: results of the prospective German REACH registry cohort. Clin Res Cardiol. 2009 ; 98 (4). 249-256.
5. Welten GM, Schouten O., Hoeks SE, et al. Long-term prognosis of patients with peripheral arterial disease: a comparison in patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 ; 51 (16). 1588-1596.
6. Cacoub PP, Abola MT, Baumgartner I., et al. Cardiovascular risk factor control and outcomes in peripheral artery disease patients in the Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry. Atherosclerosis. 2009 ; 204 (2). e86-92.
7. Khan S., Flather M., Mister R., et al. Characteristics and treatments of patients with peripheral arterial disease referred to UK vascular clinics: results of a prospective registry. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2007 ; 33 (4). 442-450.
8. Lennox KP, Sherman M. Efficient experimental design for binary matched pairs data. Statistics Med. 2 009; 28 (24). 2952-2966.
9. Hackam DG, Sultan NM, Criqui MH Vascular protection in peripheral artery disease: systematic review and modelling study. Heart. 2009 ; 95 (13). 1098-1102.
10. Baigent C., Blackwell L., Collins R., et al. Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2009 ; 373: 1849-1860.
11. Berger JS, Krantz MJ, Kittelson JM, Hiatt WR Aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA. 2009 ; 301 (18). 1909-1919.
12. Robless P., Mikhailidis DP, Stansby G. Systematic review of antiplatelet therapy for the prevention of myocardial infarction, stroke or vascular death in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Br J Surg. 2001 ; 88 (6). 787-800.
13. Collins R., Armitage J., Parish S., Sleigh P., Peto R. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin in 5963 people with diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2003 ; 361: 2005-2016.
14. Dahlof B., Sever PS, Poulter NR, et al. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005 ; 366 (9489). 895-906.
15. Stalenhoef AF The benefit of statins in non-cardiac vascular surgery patients. J Vasc Surg. 2009 ; 49 (1). 260-265.
16. Ostergren J., Sleight P., Dagenais G., et al. Impact of ramipril in patients with evidence of clinical or subclinical peripheral arterial disease. Eur Heart J. 2004 ; 25 (1). 17-24.
17. Yusuf S., Sleight P., Pogue J., Bosch J., Davies R., Dagenais G. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 2000 ; 342 (3). 145-153.
18. Hankey GJ, Norman PE, Eikelboom JW Medical treatment of peripheral arterial disease. JAMA. 2006 ; 295 (5). 547-553.
19. Radack K., Deck C. Beta-adrenergic blocker therapy does not worsen intermittent claudication in subjects with peripheral arterial disease. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med. 1991 ; 151 (9). 1769-1776.
20. Brown MJ, Cruickshank JK, Dominiczak AF, et al. Better blood pressure control: how to combine drugs. J Hum Hypertens. 2003 ; 17 (2). 81-86.
21. Newman AB, Sutton-Tyrrell K., Vogt MT, Kuller LH Morbidity and mortality in hypertensive adults with a low ankle/arm blood pressure index. JAMA. 1993 ; 270 (4). 487-489.
22. Mehler PS, Coll JR, Estacio R., Esler A., Schrier RW, Hiatt WR Intensive blood pressure control reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral arterial disease and type 2 diabetes. Circulation. 2003 ; 107 (5). 753-756.
23. Sutton KC, Wolfson SK Jr, Kuller LH Carotid and lower extremity arterial disease in elderly adults with isolated systolic hypertension. Stroke. 1987 ; 18 (5). 817-822.
24. Williams B., Poulter NR, Brown MJ, et al. Guidelines for management of hypertension: report of the fourth working party of the British Hypertension Society. J Hum Hypertens. 2004 ; 18 (3). 139-185.
25. Goessens BM, van der Graaf Y., Olijhoek JK, Visseren FL The course of vascular risk factors and the occurrence of vascular events in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. J Vasc Surg. 2007 ; 45 (1). 47-54.
26. Arvela E., Soderstrom M., Alback A., Aho PS, Tikkanen I., Lepantalo M. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as a predictor of outcome after infrainguinal bypass in patients with critical limb ischemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2008 ; 36 (1). 77-83.
27. Ingolfsson IO, Sigurdsson G., Sigvaldason H., Thorgeirsson G., Sigfusson N. A marked decline in the prevalence and incidence of intermittent claudication in Icelandic men 1968-1986: a strong relationship to smoking and serum cholesterol-the Reykjavik Study. J Clin Epidemiol. 1994 ; 47 (11). 1237-1243.
28. Smith FB, Lowe GD, Lee AJ, Rumley A., Leng GC, Fowkes FG Smoking, hemorheologic factors, and progression of peripheral arterial disease in patients with claudication. J Vasc Surg. 1998 ; 28 (1). 129-135.
29. Cole CW, Hill GB, Farzad E., et al. Cigarette smoking and peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Surgery. 1993 ; 114 (4). 753-756 ; discussion 756-757.
30. Lepantalo M., Lassila R. Smoking and occlusive peripheral arterial disease. Clinical review. Eur J Surg. 1991 ; 157 (2). 83-87.
31. Kannel WB, Skinner JJ Jr, Schwartz MJ, Shurtleff D. Intermittent claudication. Incidence in the Framingham Study. Circulation. 1970 ; 41 (5). 875-883.
32. Scholte op Reimer W., de Swart E., De Bacquer D., et al. Smoking behaviour in European patients with established coronary heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2006 ; 27 (1). 35-41.
33. Hirsch AT, Treat-Jacobson D., Lando HA, Hatsukami DK The role of tobacco cessation, antiplatelet and lipid-lowering therapies in the treatment of peripheral arterial disease. Vasc Med. 1997 ; 2 (3). 243-251.
34. Lancaster T., Stead LF Individual behavioural counselling for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 (2). CD001292.
35. Ludvig J., Miner B., Eisenberg MJ Smoking cessation in patients with coronary artery disease. Am Heart J. 2005 ; 149 (4). 565-572.
36. NICE(UK). Guidance on the use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and bupropion in smoking cessation: National Institute of Clinical Excellence (UK) ; 2002. Report No: 39.
37. Khan S., Cleanthis M., Smout J., Flather M., Stansby G. Life-style modification in peripheral arterial disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2005 ; 29 (1). 2-9.
38. Wassink AM, van der Graaf Y., Olijhoek JK, Visseren FL Metabolic syndrome and the risk of new vascular events and all-cause mortality in patients with coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease or abdominal aortic aneurysm. Eur Heart J. 2008 ; 29 (2). 213-223.
39. Steg PG, Bhatt DL, Wilson PW, et al. One-year cardiovascular event rates in outpatients with atherothrombosis. JAMA. 2007 ; 297 (11). 1197-1206.
40. Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Ohman EM, et al. International prevalence, recognition, and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors in outpatients with atherothrombosis. JAMA. 2006 ; 295 (2). 180-189.
41. Carolei A., Chamorro A., Laloux P., et al. Identification and management of polyvascular disease in patients with noncardioembolic ischaemic stroke. Int J Stroke. 2008 ; 3 (4). 237-248.
42. Fowkes FG, Murray GD, Butcher I., et al. Ankle brachial index combined with Framingham Risk Score to predict cardiovascular events and mortality: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2008 ; 300 (2). 197-208.
43. Murabito JM, Evans JC, Larson MG, Nieto K., Levy D., Wilson PW The ankle-brachial index in the elderly and risk of stroke, coronary disease, and death: the Framingham Study. Arch Intern Med. 2003 ; 163 (16). 1939-1942.
44. Zheng ZJ, Sharrett AR, Chambless LE, et al. Associations of ankle-brachial index with clinical coronary heart disease, stroke and preclinical carotid and popliteal atherosclerosis: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Atherosclerosis. 1997 ; 131 (1). 115-125.
45. Belch JJ, Topol EJ, Agnelli G., et al. Critical issues in peripheral arterial disease detection and management: a call to action. Arch Intern Med. 2003 ; 163 (8). 884-892.
46. Belch J., Stansby G. Peripheral arterial disease: still on the periphery ? BMJ. 2006 ; 332: 1213.