Altered effective connectivity network of the amygdala in social anxiety disorder: A resting-state fMRI study

PLoS ONE

Volumn 5, Issue 12, 2010, Pages

  Liao, Wei ^a   Qiu, Changjian ^b   Gentili, Claudio ^c   Walter, Martin ^d   Pan, Zhengyong ^a   Ding, Jurong ^a   Zhang, Wei ^b   Gong, Qiyong ^b   Chen, Huafu ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ELECTRONIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF CHINA   (China)

^b SICHUAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PISA   (Italy)

^d OTTO VON GUERICKE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ALTERED EFFECTIVE CONNECTIVITY; AMYGDALOID NUCLEUS; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; FRONTAL CORTEX; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; HUMAN; INFERIOR TEMPORAL GYRUS; LIEBOWITZ SOCIAL ANXIETY SCALE; MALE; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NERVOUS SYSTEM PARAMETERS; NEUROBIOLOGY; NEUROIMAGING; ORBITAL CORTEX; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; SCORING SYSTEM; SOCIAL PHOBIA; VISUAL CORTEX; ANXIETY DISORDER; ATTENTION; BRAIN MAPPING; CASE CONTROL STUDY; COGNITION; EMOTION; METHODOLOGY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL MODEL; TEMPORAL LOBE;

ADULT; AMYGDALA; ANXIETY DISORDERS; ATTENTION; BRAIN MAPPING; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COGNITION; EMOTIONS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MODELS, STATISTICAL; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; TEMPORAL LOBE;

EID: 78650982215     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015238     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Stein MB, Stein DJ (2008) Social anxiety disorder. Lancet 371: 1115-1125.
2. Freitas-Ferrari MC, Hallak JE, Trzesniak C, Filho AS, Machado-de-Sousa JP, et al. (2010) Neuroimaging in social anxiety disorder: a systematic review of the literature. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 34: 565-580.
3. Ohayon MM, Schatzberg AF (2010) Social phobia and depression: prevalence and comorbidity. J Psychosom Res 68: 235-243.
4. Ferrari MC, Busatto GF, McGuire PK, Crippa JA (2008) Structural magnetic resonance imaging in anxiety disorders: an update of research findings. Rev Bras Psiquiatr 30: 251-264.
5. Engel K, Bandelow B, Gruber O, Wedekind D (2009) Neuroimaging in anxiety disorders. J Neural Transm 116: 703-716.
6. Phan KL, Fitzgerald DA, Cortese BM, Seraji-Bozorgzad N, Tancer ME, et al. (2005) Anterior cingulate neurochemistry in social anxiety disorder: 1H-MRS at 4 Tesla. Neuroreport 16: 183-186.
7. Simmons A, Matthews SC, Feinstein JS, Hitchcock C, Paulus MP, et al. (2008) Anxiety vulnerability is associated with altered anterior cingulate response to an affective appraisal task. Neuroreport 19: 1033-1037.
8. Guyer AE, Lau JY, McClure-Tone EB, Parrish J, Shiffrin ND, et al. (2008) Amygdala and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex function during anticipated peer evaluation in pediatric social anxiety. Arch Gen Psychiatry 65: 1303-1312.
9. Gentili C, Gobbini MI, Ricciardi E, Vanello N, Pietrini P, et al. (2008) Differential modulation of neural activity throughout the distributed neural system for face perception in patients with Social Phobia and healthy subjects. Brain Res Bull 77: 286-292.
10. Stein MB, Goldin PR, Sareen J, Zorrilla LT, Brown GG (2002) Increased amygdala activation to angry and contemptuous faces in generalized social phobia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59: 1027-1034.
11. Straube T, Kolassa IT, Glauer M, Mentzel HJ, Miltner WH (2004) Effect of task conditions on brain responses to threatening faces in social phobics: an eventrelated functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Biol Psychiatry 56: 921-930.
12. Gentili C, Ricciardi E, Gobbini MI, Santarelli MF, Haxby JV, et al. (2009) Beyond amygdala: Default Mode Network activity differs between patients with social phobia and healthy controls. Brain Res Bull 79: 409-413.
13. Etkin A, Wager TD (2007) Functional neuroimaging of anxiety: a meta-analysis of emotional processing in PTSD, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobia. Am J Psychiatry 164: 1476-1488.
14. Phan KL, Fitzgerald DA, Nathan PJ, Tancer ME (2006) Association between amygdala hyperactivity to harsh faces and severity of social anxiety in generalized social phobia. Biol Psychiatry 59: 424-429.
15. Lorberbaum JP, Kose S, Johnson MR, Arana GW, Sullivan LK, et al. (2004) Neural correlates of speech anticipatory anxiety in generalized social phobia. Neuroreport 15: 2701-2705.
16. Cooney RE, Atlas LY, Joormann J, Eugene F, Gotlib IH (2006) Amygdala activation in the processing of neutral faces in social anxiety disorder: is neutral really neutral? Psychiatry Res 148: 55-59.
17. Tillfors M, Furmark T, Marteinsdottir I, Fischer H, Pissiota A, et al. (2001) Cerebral blood flow in subjects with social phobia during stressful speaking tasks: a PET study. Am J Psychiatry 158: 1220-1226.
18. Schneider F, Weiss U, Kessler C, Muller-Gartner HW, Posse S, et al. (1999) Subcortical correlates of differential classical conditioning of aversive emotional reactions in social phobia. Biol Psychiatry 45: 863-871.
19. Birbaumer N, Grodd W, Diedrich O, Klose U, Erb M, et al. (1998) FMRI reveals amygdala activation to human faces in social phobics. Neuroreport 9: 1223-1226.
20. Akirav I, Maroun M (2007) The role of the medial prefrontal cortex-amygdala circuit in stress effects on the extinction of fear. Neural Plast 2007: 30873.
21. Davidson RJ, Irwin W (1999) The functional neuroanatomy of emotion and affective style. Trends Cogn Sci 3: 11-21.
22. Pujol J, Harrison BJ, Ortiz H, Deus J, Soriano-Mas C, et al. (2009) Influence of the fusiform gyrus on amygdala response to emotional faces in the non-clinical range of social anxiety. Psychol Med 39: 1177-1187.
23. Warwick JM, Carey P, Jordaan GP, Dupont P, Stein DJ (2008) Resting brain perfusion in social anxiety disorder: a voxel-wise whole brain comparison with healthy control subjects. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 32: 1251-1256.
24. Fox MD, Raichle ME (2007) Spontaneous fluctuations in brain activity observed with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Nat Rev Neurosci 8: 700-711.
25. Raichle ME, MacLeod AM, Snyder AZ, Powers WJ, Gusnard DA, et al. (2001) A default mode of brain function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98: 676-682.
26. Raichle ME, Snyder AZ (2007) A default mode of brain function: a brief history of an evolving idea. Neuroimage 37: 1083-1090; discussion 1097-1089.
27. Fox MD, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Raichle ME (2007) Intrinsic fluctuations within cortical systems account for intertrial variability in human behavior. Neuron 56: 171-184.
28. Fox MD, Greicius M (2010) Clinical applications of resting state functional connectivity. Front Syst Neurosci 4: 19.
29. Zhang D, Raichle ME (2010) Disease and the brain's dark energy. Nat Rev Neurol 6: 15-28.
30. Etkin A, Keller KE, Schatzberg AF, Menon V, Greicius MD (2009) Disrupted amygdalar subregion functional connectivity and evidence for a compensatory network in generalized anxiety disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 66: 1361-1372.
31. Beckmann CF, DeLuca M, Devlin JT, Smith SM (2005) Investigations into resting-state connectivity using independent component analysis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 360: 1001-1013.
32. Cole DM, Smith SM, Beckmann CF (2010) Advances and pitfalls in the analysis and interpretation of resting-state FMRI data. Front Syst Neurosci 4: 8.
33. Damoiseaux JS, Rombouts SA, Barkhof F, Scheltens P, Stam CJ, et al. (2006) Consistent resting-state networks across healthy subjects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 13848-13853.
34. De Luca M, Beckmann CF, De Stefano N, Matthews PM, Smith SM (2006) FMRI resting state networks define distinct modes of long-distance interactions in the human brain. Neuroimage 29: 1359-1367.
35. Liao W, Mantini D, Zhang Z, Pan Z, Ding J, et al. (2010) Evaluating the effective connectivity of resting state networks using conditional Granger causality. Biol Cybern 102: 57-69.
36. Corbetta M, Shulman GL (2002) Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 3: 201-215.
37. Fox MD, Corbetta M, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Raichle ME (2006) Spontaneous neuronal activity distinguishes human dorsal and ventral attention systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 10046-10051.
38. Mantini D, Corbetta M, Perrucci MG, Romani GL, Del Gratta C (2009) Largescale brain networks account for sustained and transient activity during target detection. Neuroimage 44: 265-274.
39. Liao W, Chen H, Feng Y, Mantini D, Gentili C, et al. (2010) Selective aberrant functional connectivity of resting state networks in social anxiety disorder. Neuroimage 52: 1549-1558.
40. Granger CWJ (1969) Investigating causal relations by econometric models and cross-spectral methods. Econometrica 37: 424-438.
41. Gao Q, Chen H, Gong Q (2008) Evaluation of the effective connectivity of the dominant primary motor cortex during bimanual movement using Granger causality. Neurosci Lett 443: 1-6.
42. Goebel R, Roebroeck A, Kim DS, Formisano E (2003) Investigating directed cortical interactions in time-resolved fMRI data using vector autoregressive modeling and Granger causality mapping. Magn Reson Imaging 21: 1251-1261.
43. Roebroeck A, Formisano E, Goebel R (2005) Mapping directed influence over the brain using Granger causality and fMRI. Neuroimage 25: 230-242.
44. Sridharan D, Levitin DJ, Menon V (2008) A critical role for the right frontoinsular cortex in switching between central-executive and default-mode networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105: 12569-12574.
45. Uddin LQ, Kelly AM, Biswal BB, Xavier Castellanos F, Milham MP (2009) Functional connectivity of default mode network components: correlation, anticorrelation, and causality. Hum Brain Mapp 30: 625-637.
46. Chen H, Yang Q, Liao W, Gong Q, Shen S (2009) Evaluation of the effective connectivity of supplementary motor areas during motor imagery using Granger causality mapping. Neuroimage 47: 1844-1853.
47. Liao W, Marinazzo D, Pan Z, Gong Q, Chen H (2009) Kernel Granger causality mapping effective connectivity on fMRI data. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 28: 1825-1835.
48. Hamilton JP, Chen G, Thomason ME, Schwartz ME, Gotlib IH (2010) Investigating neural primacy in Major Depressive Disorder: multivariate Granger causality analysis of resting-state fMRI time-series data. Mol Psychiatry: In Press, doi:10.1038/mp.2010.1046.
49. Jiao Q, Lu G, Zhang Z, Zhong Y, Wang Z, et al. (2010) Granger causal influence predicts BOLD activity levels in the default mode network. Hum Brain Mapp: DOI: 10.1002/hbm.21065.
50. Liebowitz MR (1987) Social phobia. Mod Probl Pharmacopsychiatry 22: 141-173.
51. Delamillieure P, Doucet G, Mazoyer B, Turbelin MR, Delcroix N, et al. (2010) The resting state questionnaire: An introspective questionnaire for evaluation of inner experience during the conscious resting state. Brain Res Bull 81: 565-573.
52. Liu Y, Liang M, Zhou Y, He Y, Hao Y, et al. (2008) Disrupted small-world networks in schizophrenia. Brain 131: 945-961.
53. Fox MD, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Corbetta M, Van Essen DC, et al. (2005) The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102: 9673-9678.
54. Efron B, Tibshirani RJ (1993) An Introduction to the Bootstrap. New York: Chapman and Hall.
55. Genovese CR, Lazar NA, Nichols T (2002) Thresholding of statistical maps in functional neuroimaging using the false discovery rate. Neuroimage 15: 870-878.
56. Milad MR, Quirk GJ (2002) Neurons in medial prefrontal cortex signal memory for fear extinction. Nature 420: 70-74.
57. Ghashghaei HT, Hilgetag CC, Barbas H (2007) Sequence of information processing for emotions based on the anatomic dialogue between prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Neuroimage 34: 905-923.
58. Brothers L, Ring B, Kling A (1990) Response of neurons in the macaque amygdala to complex social stimuli. Behav Brain Res 41: 199-213.
59. Bishop SJ (2007) Neurocognitive mechanisms of anxiety: an integrative account. Trends Cogn Sci 11: 307-316.
60. Skuse DH, Gallagher L (2009) Dopaminergic-neuropeptide interactions in the social brain. Trends Cogn Sci 13: 27-35.
61. Dolan RJ (2007) The human amygdala and orbital prefrontal cortex in behavioural regulation. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 362: 787-799.
62. Skuse D (2006) Genetic influences on the neural basis of social cognition. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 361: 2129-2141.
63. Coles ME, Heimberg RG (2005) Recognition bias for critical faces in social phobia: a replication and extension. Behav Res Ther 43: 109-120.
64. Foa EB, Gilboa-Schechtman E, Amir N, Freshman M (2000) Memory bias in generalized social phobia: remembering negative emotional expressions. J Anxiety Disord 14: 501-519.
65. Lundh LG, Ost LG (1996) Recognition bias for critical faces in social phobics. Behav Res Ther 34: 787-794.
66. Arrais KC, Machado-de-Sousa JP, Trzesniak C, Santos Filho A, Ferrari MC, et al. (2010) Social anxiety disorder women easily recognize fearfull, sad and happy faces: the influence of gender. J Psychiatr Res 44: 535-540.
67. Bogels SM, Mansell W (2004) Attention processes in the maintenance and treatment of social phobia: hypervigilance, avoidance and self-focused attention. Clin Psychol Rev 24: 827-856.
68. Mogg K, Bradley BP, de Bono J, Painter M (1997) Time course of attentional bias for threat information in non-clinical anxiety. Behav Res Ther 35: 297-303.
69. Clark DM, Wells A (1995) A cognitive model of social phobia. In: Heimberg RG, Liebowitz MR, Hope D, Schneider F, eds. Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment and treatment. New York: Guildford. pp 69-93.
70. Baddeley R, Abbott LF, Booth MC, Sengpiel F, Freeman T, et al. (1997) Responses of neurons in primary and inferior temporal visual cortices to natural scenes. Proc Biol Sci 264: 1775-1783.
71. Schultz RT, Gauthier I, Klin A, Fulbright RK, Anderson AW, et al. (2000) Abnormal ventral temporal cortical activity during face discrimination among individuals with autism and Asperger syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57: 331-340.
72. Iidaka T, Omori M, Murata T, Kosaka H, Yonekura Y, et al. (2001) Neural interaction of the amygdala with the prefrontal and temporal cortices in the processing of facial expressions as revealed by fMRI. J Cogn Neurosci 13: 1035-1047.
73. Baron-Cohen S, Ring H, Moriarty J, Schmitz B, Costa D, et al. (1994) Recognition of mental state terms. Clinical findings in children with autism and a functional neuroimaging study of normal adults. Br J Psychiatry 165: 640-649.
74. Tillfors M, Furmark T, Marteinsdottir I, Fredrikson M (2002) Cerebral blood flow during anticipation of public speaking in social phobia: a PET study. Biol Psychiatry 52: 1113-1119.
75. David O, Guillemain I, Saillet S, Reyt S, Deransart C, et al. (2008) Identifying neural drivers with functional MRI: an electrophysiological validation. PLoS Biol 6: 2683-2697.
76. Friston KJ (2009) Causal modelling and brain connectivity in functional magnetic resonance imaging. PLoS Biol 7: e33.
77. Roebroeck A, Formisano E, Goebel R (2009) The identification of interacting networks in the brain using fMRI: Model selection, causality and deconvolution. Neuroimage: doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.1009.1036.
78. David O (2009) FMRI connectivity, meaning and empiricism Comments on: Roebroeck et al. The identification of interacting networks in the brain using fMRI: Model selection, causality and deconvolution Neuroimage: doi:10.1016/ j.neuroimage.2009.1009.1073.
79. Friston KJ (2009) Dynamic causal modeling and Granger causality Comments on: The identification of interacting networks in the brain using fMRI: Model selection, causality and deconvolution. Neuroimage: doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage. 2009.1009.1031.
80. Deshpande G, Sathian K, Hu X (2010) Effect of hemodynamic variability on Granger causality analysis of fMRI. Neuroimage 52: 884-896.
81. Marinazzo D, Liao W, Chen H, Stramaglia S (2010) Nonlinear connectivity by Granger Causality. Neuroimage: doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.1001.1099.
82. Stevens MC, Pearlson GD, Calhoun VD (2009) Changes in the interaction of resting-state neural networks from adolescence to adulthood. Hum Brain Mapp 30: 2356-2366.
83. Mitchell JP (2006) Mentalizing and Marr: an information processing approach to the study of social cognition. Brain Res 1079: 66-75.