Cluster analysis of immunophenotypic data: The example of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Immunology Letters

Volumn 134, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 137-144

  Zucchetto, Antonella ^a   Cattarossi, Ilaria ^a   Nanni, Paola ^a   Zaina, Eva ^a   Prato, Giuseppina ^b   Gilestro, Milena ^c   Marconi, Daniela ^a   Bulian, Pietro ^a   Rossi, Francesca M ^a   Del Vecchio, Luigi ^d   Omedè, Paola ^c   Geuna, Massimo ^b   Del Poeta, Giovanni ^e   Gattei, Valter ^a  

^a CENTRO DI RIFERIMENTO ONCOLOGICO   (Italy)

^b MAURIZIANO HOSPITAL   (Italy)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TURIN   (Italy)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

^e UNIVERSITY OF ROME TOR VERGATA   (Italy)

Author keywords

CLL; Immunophenotype; Monoclonal antibodies; Prognostic markers

Indexed keywords

CD150 ANTIGEN; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR7; FC RECEPTOR; FC RECEPTOR LIKE 2 PROTEIN; FC RECEPTOR LIKE 3 PROTEIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAIN; MEMBRANE ANTIGEN; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; TUMOR MARKER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; AGED; ANTIGEN EXPRESSION; ANTIGEN RECOGNITION; ARTICLE; CHRONIC LYMPHATIC LEUKEMIA; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING; GENE MUTATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION; IMMUNOPHENOTYPING; LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATION; MALE; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION;

ADULT; AGED; ANTIBODIES, MONOCLONAL; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING; HUMANS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION; IMMUNOPHENOTYPING; LEUKEMIA, LYMPHOCYTIC, CHRONIC, B-CELL; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MUTATION; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 78650264884     PISSN: 01652478     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2010.09.017     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Chiorazzi N., Ferrarini M. B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: lessons learned from studies of the B cell antigen receptor. Annu Rev Immunol 2003, 21:841-894.
2. Fais F., Ghiotto F., Hashimoto S., Sellars B., Valetto A., Allen S.L., et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells express restricted sets of mutated and unmutated antigen receptors. J Clin Invest 1998, 102:1515-1525.
3. Oscier D.G., Thompsett A., Zhu D., Stevenson F.K. Differential rates of somatic hypermutation in V(H) genes among subsets of chronic lymphocytic leukemia defined by chromosomal abnormalities. Blood 1997, 89:4153-4160.
4. Naylor M., Capra J.D. Mutational status of Ig VH genes provides clinically valuable information in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1999, 94:1837-1839.
5. Damle R.N., Wasil T., Fais F., Ghiotto F., Valetto A., Allen S.L., et al. Ig V gene mutation status and CD38 expression as novel prognostic indicators in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1999, 94:1840-1847.
6. Degan M., Bomben R., Dal Bo M., Zucchetto A., Nanni P., Rupolo M., et al. Analysis of IgV gene mutations in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia according to antigen-driven selection identifies subgroups with different prognosis and usage of the canonical somatic hypermutation machinery. Br J Haematol 2004, 126:29-42.
7. Hamblin T.J., Orchard J.A., Gardiner A., Oscier D.G., Davis Z., Stevenson F.K. Immunoglobulin V genes and CD38 expression in CLL. Blood 2000, 95:2455-2457.
8. Hamblin T.J., Davis Z., Gardiner A., Oscier D.G., Stevenson F.K. Unmutated Ig VH genes are associated with a more aggressive form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1999, 94:1848-1854.
9. Dal-Bo M., Bertoni F., Forconi F., Zucchetto A., Bomben R., Marasca R., et al. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing the clinical course of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: prognostic markers with pathogenetic relevance. J Transl Med 2009, 7:76.
10. Shanafelt T.D., Geyer S.M., Kay N.E. Prognosis at diagnosis: integrating molecular biologic insights into clinical practice for patients with CLL. Blood 2004, 103:1202-1210.
11. Malavasi F., Deaglio S., Funaro A., Ferrero E., Horenstein A.L., Ortolan E., et al. Evolution and function of the ADP ribosyl cyclase/CD38 gene family in physiology and pathology. Physiol Rev 2008, 88:841-886.
12. Krober A., Seiler T., Benner A., Bullinger L., Bruckle E., Lichter P., et al. V(H) mutation status, CD38 expression level, genomic aberrations, and survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2002, 100:1410-1416.
13. Klein U., Stolovitzky G.A., Mattioli M., Cattoretti G., Husson H.A.F. Gene expression profiling of B chronic lymphocytic leukemia reveals a homogeneous phenotype related to memory B cells. J Exp Med 2001, 194:1625-1638.
14. Rosenwald A., Alizadeh A.A., Widhopf G., Simon R., Davis R.E., Yu X., et al. Relation of gene expression phenotype to immunoglobulin mutation genotype in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Exp Med 2001, 194:1639-1647.
15. Stratowa C., Loffler G., Lichter P., Stilgenbauer S., Haberl P., Schweifer N., et al. CDNA microarray gene expression analysis of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia proposes potential new prognostic markers involved in lymphocyte trafficking. Int J Cancer 2001, 91:474-480.
16. Crespo M., Bosch F., Villamor N., Bellosillo B., Colomer D., Rozman M., et al. ZAP-70 expression as a surrogate for immunoglobulin-variable-region mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 2003, 348:1764-1775.
17. Orchard J.A., Ibbotson R.E., Davis Z., Wiestner A., Rosenwald A., Thomas P.W., et al. ZAP-70 expression and prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Lancet 2004, 363:105-111.
18. Rassenti L.Z., Huynh L., Toy T.L., Chen L., Keating M.J., Gribben J.G., et al. ZAP-70 compared with immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene mutation status as a predictor of disease progression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 2004, 351:893-901.
19. Rossi F.M., Del Principe M.I., Rossi D., Irno C.M., Luciano F., Zucchetto A., et al. Prognostic impact of ZAP-70 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: mean fluorescence intensity T/B ratio versus percentage of positive cells. J Transl Med 2010, 8:23.
20. Zucchetto A., Bomben R., Bo M.D., Nanni P., Bulian P., Rossi F.M., et al. ZAP-70 expression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: evaluation by external (isotypic) or internal (T/NK cells) controls and correlation with IgV(H) mutations. Cytometry B: Clin Cytometry 2006, 70:284-292.
21. Davi F., Buhl A. RNA-based molecular prognostic markers in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. New biological prognostic markers in chronic lymhocytic leukemia 2010, Wolters Kluwer Health Italy Ltd., Milan. K. Stamatopoulos, P. Ghia, R. Rosenquist (Eds.).
22. Zucchetto A., Sonego P., Degan M., Bomben R., Bo M.D., Russo S., et al. Signature of B-CLL with different prognosis by Shrunken centroids of surface antigen expression profiling. J Cell Physiol 2004, 204:123.
23. Zucchetto A., Bomben R., Dal Bo M., Sonego P., Nanni P., Rupolo M., et al. A scoring system based on the expression of six surface molecules allows the identification of three prognostic risk groups in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Cell Physiol 2006, 207:354-363.
24. Zucchetto A., Sonego P., Degan M., Bomben R., Dal B.M., Bulian P., et al. Surface-antigen expression profiling of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: from the signature of specific disease subsets to the identification of markers with prognostic relevance. J Transl Med 2006, 4:11.
25. Eisen M.B., Spellman P.T., Brown P.O., Botstein D. Cluster analysis and display of genome-wide expression patterns. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998, 95:14863-14868.
26. Tibshirani R., Hastie T., Narasimhan B., Chu G. Diagnosis of multiple cancer types by shrunken centroids of gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002, 99:6567-6572.
27. Shipp M.A., Ross K.N., Tamayo P., Weng A.P., Kutok J.L., Aguiar R.C., et al. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma outcome prediction by gene-expression profiling and supervised machine learning. Nat Med 2002, 8:68-74.
28. Gattei V., Bulian P., Del Principe M.I., Zucchetto A., Maurillo L., Buccisano F., et al. Relevance of CD49d protein expression as overall survival and progressive disease prognosticator in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2008, 111:865-873.
29. Rossi D., Zucchetto A., Rossi F.M., Capello D., Cerri M., Deambrogi C., et al. CD49d expression is an independent risk factor of progressive disease in early stage chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica 2008, 93:1575-1579.
30. Shanafelt T.D., Geyer S.M., Bone N.D., Tschumper R.C., Witzig T.E., Nowakowski G.S., et al. CD49d expression is an independent predictor of overall survival in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a prognostic parameter with therapeutic potential. Br J Haematol 2008, 140:537-546.
31. Zucchetto A., Bomben R., Dal Bo M., Bulian P., Benedetti D., Nanni P., et al. CD49d in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: correlated expression with CD38 and prognostic relevance. Leukemia 2006, 20:523-525.
32. Zucchetto A., Tripodo C., Benedetti D., Deaglio S., Gaidano G., Del P.G., et al. Monocytes/macrophages but not T lymphocytes are the major targets of the CCL3/CCL4 chemokines produced by CD38CD49d chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells. Br J Haematol 2010.
33. Zucchetto A., Benedetti D., Tripodo C., Bomben R., Dal B.M., Marconi D., et al. CD38/CD31, the CCL3 and CCL4 chemokines, and CD49d/vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 are interchained by sequential events sustaining chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell survival. Cancer Res 2009, 69:4001-4009.
34. Bomben R., Dal B.M., Zucchetto A., Zaina E., Nanni P., Sonego P., et al. Mutational status of IgV(H) genes in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and prognosis: percent mutations or antigen-driven selection?. Leukemia 2005, 19:1490-1492.
35. Del Principe M.I., Del P.G., Venditti A., Buccisano F., Maurillo L., Marini R., et al. Clinical significance of soluble p53 protein in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica 2004, 89:1468-1475.
36. Del Principe M.I., Del P.G., Buccisano F., Maurillo L., Venditti A., Zucchetto A., et al. Clinical significance of ZAP-70 protein expression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2006, 108:853-861.
37. Zucchetto A., Sonego P., Degan M., Bomben R., Dal B.M., Russo S., et al. Surface-antigen expression profiling (SEP) in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL): identification of markers with prognostic relevance. J Immunol Methods 2005, 305:20-32.
38. Du X., Nagata S., Ise T., Stetler-Stevenson M., Pastan I. FCRL1 on chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma as a target of immunotoxins. Blood 2008, 111:338-343.
39. Palumbo G.A., Parrinello N., Fargione G., Cardillo K., Chiarenza A., Berretta S., et al. CD200 expression may help in differential diagnosis between mantle cell lymphoma and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia Res 2009, 33:1212-1216.
40. Pittner B.T., Shanafelt T.D., Kay N.E., Jelinek D.F. CD38 expression levels in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells are associated with activation marker expression and differential responses to interferon stimulation. Leukemia 2005, 19:2264-2272.
41. Damle R.N., Ghiotto F., Valetto A., Albesiano E., Fais F., Yan X.J., et al. B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells express a surface membrane phenotype of activated, antigen-experienced B lymphocytes. Blood 2002, 99:4087-4093.
42. Ringner M., Peterson C. Microarray-based cancer diagnosis with artificial neural networks. Biotechniques 2003, (Suppl.):30-35.
43. Till K.J., Lin K., Zuzel M., Cawley J.C. The chemokine receptor CCR7 and alpha 4 integrin are important for migration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells into lymph nodes. Blood 2002, 99:2977-2984.
44. Redondo-Munoz J., Jose Terol M., Garcia-Marco J.A., Garcia-Pardo A. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is up-regulated by CCL21/CCR7 interaction via extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 signaling and is involved in CCL21-driven B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell invasion and migration. Blood 2008, 111:383-386.
45. Redondo-Munoz J., Ugarte-Berzal E., Terol M.J., Van den Steen P.E., Hernβndez del Cerro M., Roderfeld M., et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 promotes chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cell survival through its hemopexin domain. Cancer Cell 2010, 17:160-172.
46. Herling M., Patel K.A., Khalili J., Schlette E., Kobayashi R., Medeiros L.J., et al. TCL1 shows a regulated expression pattern in chronic lymphocytic leukemia that correlates with molecular subtypes and proliferative state. Leukemia 2005, 20:280-285.
47. Herling M., Patel K.A., Weit N., Lilienthal N., Hallek M., Keating M.J., et al. High TCL1 levels are a marker of B-cell receptor pathway responsiveness and adverse outcome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2009, 114:4675-4686.
48. Mansouri M.R., Sevov M., Aleskog A., Jondal M., Merup M., Sundstrom C., et al. IGHV3-21 gene usage is associated with high TCL1 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Eur J Haematol 2010, 84:109-116.
49. Bomben R., Dal B.M., Capello D., Benedetti D., Marconi D., Zucchetto A., et al. Comprehensive characterization of IGHV3-21-expressing B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: an Italian multicenter study. Blood 2007, 109:2989-2998.
50. Li F.J., Ding S., Pan J., Shakhmatov M.A., Kashentseva E., Wu J., et al. FCRL2 expression predicts IGHV mutation status and clinical progression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2008, 112:179-187.
51. Engel P., Eck M.J., Terhorst C. The SAP and SLAM families in immune responses and X-linked lymphoproliferative disease. Nat Rev Immunol 2003, 3:813-821.