Childhood traumatic stress and obesity in women: The intervening effects of PTSD and MDD

Journal of Traumatic Stress

Volumn 23, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 785-793

  Dedert, Eric A ^a   Becker, Mary E ^b   Fuemmeler, Bernard F ^a   Braxton, Loretta E ^a   Calhoun, Patrick S ^a   Beckham, Jean C ^a  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b DURHAM VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INJURY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUESTIONNAIRE; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; FEMALE; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; OBESITY; QUESTIONNAIRES; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; UNITED STATES; WOUNDS AND INJURIES;

EID: 78650229111     PISSN: 08949867     EISSN: 15736598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jts.20584     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Alvarez, J., Pavao, J., Baumrind, N., & Kimerling, R. (2007). The relationship between child abuse and adult obesity among California women. American Journal of Preventative Medicine, 33, 28-33.
2. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
3. Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Bremner, D., Walker, J. D., Whitfield, C., Perry, B. D., et al. (2006). The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 256, 174-186.
4. Atlantis, E., & Baker, M. (2008). Obesity effects on depression: Systematic review of epidemiological studies. International Journal of Obesity, 32, 881-891.
5. Baschnagel, J. S., O'Connor, R. M., Colder, C. R., & Hawk, L. W. Jr. (2005). Factor structure of posttraumatic stress among Western New York undergraduates following the September 11th terrorist attack on the World Trade Center. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18, 677-684.
6. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. (1996). Beck Depression Inventory-II. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
7. Beckham, J. C., Flood, A. M., Dennis, M. F., & Calhoun, P. S. (2009). Ambulatory cardiovascular activity and hostility ratings in women with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 65, 268-272.
8. Blake, D. D., Weathers, F. W., Nagy, L. M., Kaloupek, D. G., Gusman, F. D., Charney, D. S., et al. (1995). The development of a Clinician-Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 8, 75-80.
9. Bollen, K. A., & Stine, R. (1990). Direct and indirect effects: Classical and bootstrap estimates of variability. Sociological Methodology, 20, 115-140.
10. Calhoun, P. S., Wiley, M., Dennis, M. F., & Beckham, J. C. (2009). Self-reported health and physician diagnosed illnesses in women with posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22, 122-130.
11. Carpenter, K. M., Hasin, D. S., Allison, D. B., & Faith, M. S. (2000). Relationships between obesity and DSM-IV major depressive disorder, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts: Results from a general population study. American Journal of Public Health, 90, 251-257.
12. David, D., Woodward, C., Esquenazi, J., & Mellman, T. A. (2004). Comparison of comorbid physical illnesses among veterans with PTSD and veterans with alcohol dependence. Psychiatric Services, 55, 82-85.
13. Davidson, J. R. T., Book, S. W., Colket, J. T., Tupler, L. A., Roth, S., David, D., et al. (1997). Assessment of a new self-rating scale for posttraumatic stress disorder: The Davidson Trauma Scale. Psychological Medicine, 27, 153-160.
14. Dedert, E. A., Calhoun, P. S., Watkins, L. L., Sherwood, A., & Beckham, J. C. (2010). Posttraumatic stress disorder, cardiovascular and metabolic disease: A review of the evidence. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 39, 61-78.
15. Diaz, A. B., & Motta, R. (2008). The effects of an aerobic exercise program on posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity in adolescents. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 10, 49-59.
16. Dobie, D. J., Kivlahan, D. R., Maynard, C., Bush, K. R., Davis, T. M., & Bradley, K. A. (2004). Posttraumatic stress disorder in female veterans: Association with self-reported health problems and functional impairment. Archives of Internal Medicine, 164, 394-400.
17. Efron, T., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1993). An introduction to the bootstrap. New York: Chapman & Hall.
18. Felitti, V. J. (1991). Long-term medical consequences of incest, rape, and molestation. Southern Medical Journal, 84, 328-331.
19. Felitti, V. J. (1993). Childhood sexual abuse, depression, and family dysfunction in adult obese patients: A case control study. Southern Medical Journal, 86, 732-736.
20. First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. W. (1997). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
21. Flegal, K. M., Carroll, M. D., Ogden, C. L., & Johnson, C. L. (2002). Prevalence and trends in obesity among U.S. adults. Journal of the American Medical Association, 288, 1723-1727.
22. Fuemmeler, B. F., Agurs-Collins, T., McClernon, F. J., Kollins, S. H., Garrett, M. E., & Ashley-Koch, A. E. (2009). Interactions between genotype and depressive symptoms on obesity. Behavior Genetics, 39, 296-305.
23. Fuemmeler, B. F., Dedert, E. A., McClernon, F. J., & Beckham, J. C. (2009). Adverse childhood events are associated with obesity and disordered eating: Results from a population-based survey of young adults in the U.S. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22, 329-333.
24. Grilo, C. M., & Masheb, R. M. (2001). Childhood psychological, physical, and sexual maltreatment in outpatients with binge eating disorder, frequency and associations with gender, obesity, and eating-related psychopathology. Obesity Research, 9, 320-325.
25. Gustafson, T. B., & Sarwer, D. B. (2004). Childhood sexual abuse and obesity. Obesity Reviews, 5, 129-135.
26. Hayes, A. F. (in press). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs.
27. Heppner, P. S., Crawford, E. F., Haji, U. A., Afari, N., Hauger, R. L., Dashevsky, B. A., et al. (2009). The association of posttraumatic stress disorder and metabolic syndrome: A study of increase health risk in veterans. BMC Medicine, 7, 1-8.
28. Hollmann, M., Runnebaum, B., & Gerhard, I. (1997). Impact of waist-hip-ratio and body-mass-index on hormonal and metabolic parameters in young, obese women. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders, 21, 476-483.
29. Holzer, S. R., Uppala, S., Wonderlich, S. A., Crosby, R. D., & Simonich, H. (2008). Mediational significance of PTSD in the relationship of sexual trauma and eating disorders. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32, 561-566.
30. Jakupcak, M., Roberts, L. J., Martell, C., Mulick, P., Michael, S., Reed, R., et al. (2006). A pilot study of behavioral activation for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 19, 387-391.
31. Kubany, E. S., Haynes, S. N., Leisen, M. B., Owens, J. A., Kaplan, A. S., Watson, S. B., et al. (2000). Development and preliminary validation of a brief broad-spectrum measure of trauma exposure: The Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire. Psychological Assessment, 12, 210-224.
32. Luppino, F. S., de Wit, L. M., Bouvy, P. F., Stijnen, T., Cuijpers, P., Penninx, B. W. J. H., et al. (2010). Overweight, obesity, and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67, 220-229.
33. MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., & Williams, J. (2004). Confidence limits for the indirect effect: Distribution of the product and resampling methods. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39, 99-128.
34. Markowitz, S., Friedman, M., & Arent, S. (2008). Understanding the relation between obesity and depression: Causal mechanisms and implications for treatment. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 15, 1-20.
35. Obesity in Asia Collaboration. (2008). Is central obesity a better discriminator of the risk of hypertension than body mass index in ethnically diverse populations? Journal of Hypertension, 26, 169-177.
36. Perkonigg, A., Owashi, T., Stein, M. B., Kirschbaum, C., & Wittchen, H. (2009). Posttraumatic stress disorder and obesity: Evidence for a risk association. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 36, 1-8.
37. Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36, 717-731.
38. Racette, S. B., Evans, E. M., Weiss, E. P., Hagberg, J. M., & Holloszy, J. O. (2006). Abdominal adiposity is a stronger predictor of insulin resistance than fitness among 50-95 year olds. Diabetes Care, 29, 673-678.
39. Schnurr, P. P., & Jankowski, M. K. (1999). Physical health and post-traumatic stress disorder: Review and synthesis. Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 4, 295-304.
40. Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7, 422-445.
41. Simon, G. E., Von Korff, M., Saunders, K., Miglioretti, D. L., Crane, P. K., van Belle, G., et al. (2006). Association between obesity and psychiatric disorders in the US adult population. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 824-830.
42. Striegel-Moore, R. H., Dohm, F., Pike, K. M., Wilfley, D. E., & Fairburn, C. G. (2002). Abuse, bullying, and discrimination as risk factors for binge eating disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 1902-1907.
43. Syed, A. A., & Weaver, J. U. (2005). Glucocorticoid sensitivity: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal tissue axis. Obesity Research, 13, 1131-1133.
44. Trief, P. M., Ouimette, P., Wade, M., Shanahan, P., & Weinstock, R. S. (2006). Post-traumatic stress disorder and diabetes: Co-morbidity and outcomes in a male veterans sample. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29, 411-418.
45. Vieweg, W. V., Julius, D. A., Bates, J., Quinn, J. F., Fernandez, A., Hasnain, M., et al. (2007). Posttraumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for obesity among male military veterans. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 116, 483-487.
46. Weathers, F. W., Keane, T. M., & Davidson, J. R. (2001). Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale: A review of the first ten years of research. Depression & Anxiety, 13, 132-156.