Landslide-glacier interaction in a neoparaglacial setting at tverrbytnede, jotunheimen, Southern Norway

Geografiska Annaler, Series A: Physical Geography

Volumn 92, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 421-436

  Owen, Geraint ^a   Hiemstra, John F ^a   Matthews, John A ^a   Mcewen, Lindsey J ^b  

^a SWANSEA UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLOUCESTERSHIRE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Holocene; Landslide glacier interaction; Landslides; Neoparaglacial; Norway

Indexed keywords

DEBRIS FLOW; GLACIER FLOW; GLACIOLOGY; HOLOCENE; LANDSLIDE; LICHENOMETRY; LITTLE ICE AGE; MORAINE; PERMAFROST; ROCK AVALANCHE; ROCK GLACIER;

JOTUNHEIMEN; NORWAY;

EID: 78650063714     PISSN: 04353676     EISSN: 14680459     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0459.2010.00405.x     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. Aa, A. R., Sjåstad, J., Sønstegaard, E. and Blikra, L. H., 2007: Chronology of Holocene rock-avalanche deposits based on Schmidt-hammer relative dating and dust stratigraphy in nearby bog deposits, Vora, inner Nordfjord, Norway. The Holocene, 17: 955-964.
2. Alean, J., 1984: Ice avalanches and a landslide on Grosser Aletschgletscher. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, 20: 9-25.
3. Andreassen, L. M., Paul, F., Kääb, A. and Hausberg, J. E., 2008: Landsat-derived glacier inventory for Jotunheimen, Norway, and deduced glacier changes since the 1930s. The Cryosphere, 2: 131-145.
4. Angeli, M. G., Gasparetto, P., Menotti, R. M., Pasuto, A., Silvano, S. and Soldati, M., 1996: Rock avalanches. In: Dickau, R., Brunsden, D., Schrott, L. and Ibsen, M.-L., (eds): Landslide recognition. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester 190-201. [International Association of Geomorphologists, Publication No. 5].
5. Aune, B., 1993: Temperatur normaler, normalperiode 1961-90. Rapport 02/93. Den Norske Meteorologiske Institutt. Oslo
6. Ballantyne, C. K., 2002: Paraglacial geomorphology. Quaternary Science Reviews, 21: 1935-2017.
7. Ballantyne, C. K., 2003: A Scottish sturzstrom: the Beinn Alligin rock avalanche, Wester Ross. Scottish Geographical Journal, 119: 159-167.
8. Barsch, D., 1996: Rock glaciers: indicators for the present and former geoecology in high mountain environments. Springer, Berlin
9. Barsch, D. and Treter, U., 1976: Zur Verbreitung von Periglazialphänomenen in Rondane/Norwegen. Geografiska Annaler, 58A: 83-89.
10. Battey, M. and McRitchie, W. D., 1973: A geological traverse across the pyroxene-granulites of Jotunheimen in the Norwegian Caledonides. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, 53: 237-265.
11. Blikra, L. H. and Nemec, W., 1998: Postglacial colluvium in western Norway: depositional processes, facies and palaeoclimatic record. Sedimentology, 45: 909-959.
12. Blikra, L. H., Longva, O., Braathen, A., Anda, E., Dehls, J. F. and Stalsberg, K., 2006: Rock slope failures in Norwegian fjord areas: examples, spatial distribution and temporal patterns. In: Evans, S. G., Mugnozza, G. S., Strom, A. and Hermans, R. L., (eds): Landslides from massive rock slope failure. Springer, Dordrecht 475-496.
13. Bottino, G., Chiarle, M., Joly, A. and Mortara, G., 2002: Modelling rock avalanches and their relation to permafrost degradation in glacial environments. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 13: 283-288.
14. Boulton, G. S., 1978: Boulder shape and grain-size distributions of debris as indicators of transport paths through a glacier and till genesis. Sedimentology, 25: 773-799.
15. Braathen, A., Blikra, L. H., Berg, S. S. and Karlsen, F., 2004: Rock-slope failures in Norway: type, geometry, deformation mechanisms and stability. Norwegian Journal of Geology, 84: 67-88.
16. Chamberlin, T. C., 1965: The method of multiple working hypotheses. Science, 148: 754-759.
17. Church, M. and Ryder, J.M., 1972: Paraglacial sedimentation: a consideration of fluvial processes conditioned by glaciation. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83: 3059-3071.
18. Clark, R. and Wilson, P., 2004: A rock avalanche deposit in Burtness Comb, Lake District, northwest England. Geological Journal, 39: 419-430.
19. Crouch, H. J., 1990: Plant distribution patterns and primary succession on a glacier foreland: a comparative study of cryptogams and higher plants. In: Miles, J. and Walton, D. W. H., (eds): Primary succession on land. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 85-102. [British Ecological Society, Special Publication No. 12].
20. Dann, R., Close, M., Flintoft, M., Hector, R., Barlow, H., Thomas, S. and Francis, G., 2009: Characterization and estimation of hydraulic properties in an alluvial gravel vadose zone. Vadose Zone Journal, 8: 651-663.
21. Dawson, A. G., Matthews, J. A. and Shakesby, R. A., 1986: A catastrophic landslide (Sturtzstrom) in Verkilsdalen, Rondane National Park, southern Norway. Geografiska Annaler, 68A: 77-87.
22. Deline, P., 2009: Interactions between rock avalanches and glaciers in the Mont Blanc massif during the late Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 28: 1070-1083.
23. Deline, P. and Kirkbride, M. P., 2009: Rock avalanches on a glacier and moraine complex in Haut Val Ferret (Mont Blanc Massif, Italy). Geomorphology, 103: 80-92.
24. Dufresne, A. and Davies, T. R., 2009: Longitudinal ridges in mass movement deposits. Geomorphology, 105: 171-181.
25. Eisbacher, G. H., 1978: Cliff collapse and rock avalanches (sturz-stroms) in the Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 16: 309-334.
26. Erismann, T. H. and Abele, G., 2001: Dynamics of rockslides and rockfalls. Springer, Berlin
27. Etzelmüller, B. and Hagen, J. O., 2005: Glacier-permafrost interaction in Arctic and alpine mountain environments with examples from southern Norway and Svalbard. In: Harris, C. and Murton, J. B., (eds): Cryospheric systems: glaciers and permafrost. The Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 242: 11-27.
28. Evans, D. J. A., 2008: Avalanches and moraines. Nature Geoscience, 1: 493-494.
29. Evans, S. G. and Clague, J. J., 1988: Catastrophic rock avalanches in glacial environments. 5th International Symposium on Landslides (Lausanne, Switzerland): 1153-1158.
30. Evans, S. G. and Clague, J. J., 1994: Recent climatic change and catastrophic geomorphic processes in mountain environments. Geomorphology, 10: 107-128.
31. Evans, S. G., Scarascia Mugnozza, G., Strom, A. L., Hermanns, R. L., Ischuk, A. and Vinnichenko, S., 2006: Landslides from massive rock slope failure and associated phenomena. In: Evans, S. G., Scarascia Mugnozza, G., Storm, A. and Hermanns, R. L., (eds): Landslides from massive rock slope failure. Springer, Dordrecht 3-52.
32. Eyles, N. and Rogerson, R. J., 1978: A framework for the investigation of medial moraine formation: Austerdalsbreen, Norway, and Berendon Glacier, British Columbia, Canada. Journal of Glaciology, 20: 99-113.
33. Fischer, L., Kääb, A., Huggel, C. and Noetzli, J., 2006: Geology, glacier retreat and permafrost degradation as controlling factors of slope instabilities in a high-mountain rock wall: the Monte Rosa east face. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 6: 761-772.
34. Førland, E. J., 1993: Nedbørnormaler normalperiode 1961-90. Rapport 39/93, Den Norske Meteorologiske Institutt, Oslo
35. Gomez, B. and Small, R. J., 1985: Medial moraines of the Haut Glacier d'Arolla, Valais, Switzerland: debris supply and implications for moraine formation. Journal of Glaciology, 31: 303-307.
36. Gordon, L. S. and Ballantyne, C. K., 2006: 'Protalus ramparts' on Navajo Mountain, Utah, USA: reinterpretation as blockslope-sourced rock glaciers. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 17: 179-187.
37. Griffey, N. J., 1978: Lichen growth on supraglacial debris and its implications for lichenometric studies. Journal of Glaciology, 20: 163-172.
38. Griffey, N. J. and Whalley, W. B., 1979: A rock glacier and moraine-ridge complex, Lyngen Peninsula, north Norway. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift, 33: 117-124.
39. Haeberli, W., 2005: Investigating glacier-permafrost relationships in high mountain areas: historical background, selected examples and research needs. In: Harris, C. and Murton, J. B., (eds): Cryospheric systems: glaciers and permafrost. The Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 242: 29-37.
40. Haeberli, W., King, L. and Flotron, A., 1979: Surface movement and lichen-cover studies at the active rock glacier near the Grubengletscher, Wallis, Swiss Alps. Arctic and Alpine Research, 11: 421-441.
41. Haines-Young, R. H. and Petch, J. R., 1983: Multiple working hypotheses: equifinality and the study of landforms. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series 8: 458-466.
42. Harrison, S., Whalley, B. and Anderson, E., 2008: Relict rock glaciers and protalus lobes in the British Isles: implications for Late Pleistocene mountain geomorphology and palaeoclimate. Journal of Quaternary Science, 23: 287-304.
43. Hewitt, K., 1999: Quaternary moraines vs catastrophic rock avalanches in the Karakoram Himalaya, northern Pakistan. Quaternary Research, 51: 220-237.
44. Hewitt, K., 2006: Rock avalanches with complex run out and emplacement, Karakoram Himalaya, Inner Asia. In: Evans, S. G., Sccarascia Mugnozza, G., Storm, A. and Hermanns, R. L., (eds): Landslides from massive rock slope failure. Springer, Dordrecht 521-550.
45. Hewitt, K., 2009: Rock avalanches that travel onto glaciers and related developments, Karakoram Himalaya, Inner Asia. Geomorphology, 103: 66-79.
46. Hough, B. K., 1957: Basic soils engineering. Ronald Press, New York
47. Hsü, K. J., 1975: Catastrophic debris streams (Sturzstroms) generated by rockfalls. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 86: 129-140.
48. Humlum, O., 1985: Changes in texture and fabric of particles in glacial traction with distance from source. Myrdalsjökull. Iceland. Journal of Glaciology, 31: 150-156.
49. Humlum, O., 1996: Origin of rock glaciers: observations from Mellemfjord, Disko Island, central West Greenland. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 7: 361-380.
50. Humlum, O., Christiansen, H. H. and Juliussen, H., 2007: Avalanche-derived rock glaciers in Svalbard. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 18: 75-88.
51. Hungr, O., Evans, S. G., Bovis, M. J. and Hutchinson, J. N., 2001: A review of the classification of landslides of the flow type. Environmental and Engineering Geoscience, 7: 221-238.
52. Ikeda, A. and Matsuoka, N., 2002: Degradation of talus-derived rock glaciers in the Upper Engadin, Swiss Alps. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 13: 145-161.
53. Isaksen, K., Hauck, C., Gudevang, E., Ødegård, R. S. and Sollid, J. L., 2002: Mountain permafrost distribution in Dovrefjell and Jotunheimen, southern Norway, based on BTS and DC resistivity tomography data. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift, 56: 122-136.
54. Kääb, A. and Weber, M., 2004: Development of transverse ridges on rock glaciers: field measurements and laboratory experiments. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 15: 379-391.
55. Kneisel, C. and Kääb, A., 2007: Mountain permafrost dynamics within a recently exposed glacier foreland inferred by a combined geomorphological, geophysical and photogrammetrical approach. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 32: 1797-1810.
56. Knight, J. and Harrison, S., (eds), 2009: Periglacial and paraglacial processes and environments. The Geological Society of London, Special Publication, 320.
57. Lutro, O. and Tveten, E., 1996: Geologiske Kart over Norge, Bergrunnskart Årdal, Målestokk 1:250, 000. Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse, Trondheim
58. Mahaney, W. C., Miyamoto, H., Dohm, J. M., Baker, V. R., Cabrol, N. A., Grin, E. A. and Berman, D. C., 2007: Rock glaciers on Mars: Earth-based clues to Mars' recent paleoclimatic history. Planetary and Space Science, 55: 181-192.
59. Martin H. E. and Whalley, W. B., 1987: Rock glaciers. Part I: rock glacier morphology, classification and distribution. Progress in Physical Geography, 11: 260-282.
60. Matthews, J. A., 1979: Plant colonisation patterns on a gletschervorfeld, southern Norway: a meso-scale geographical approach to vegetation change and phytometric dating. Boreas, 7: 155-178.
61. Matthews, J. A., 1987: Regional variation in the composition of Neoglacial end moraines, Jotunheimen, Norway: an altitudinal gradient in clast roundness and its possible palaeoclimatic significance. Boreas, 16: 173-188.
62. Matthews, J. A., 2005: 'Little Ice Age' glacier variations in Jotunheimen, southern Norway: a study in regionally controlled lichenometric dating of recessional moraines with implications for climate and lichen growth rates. The Holocene, 15: 1-19.
63. Matthews, J. A. and Petch, J. R., 1982: Within-valley asymmetry and related problems of Neoglacial lateral moraine development at certain Jotunheimen glaciers, southern Norway. Boreas, 11: 225-247.
64. Matthews, J. A. and Shakesby, R. A., 2004: A twentieth-century neoparaglacial rock topple on a glacier foreland, Ötztal Alps, Austria. The Holocene, 14: 454-458.
65. Matthews, J. A., Dawson, A. G. and Shakesby, R. A., 1986: Lake shoreline development, frost weathering and rock platform erosion in an alpine periglacial environment. Boreas, 15: 33-50.
66. Millar, C. I. and Westfall, R. D., 2008: Rock glaciers and related periglacial landforms in the Sierra Nevada, CA, USA; inventory, distribution and climatic relationships. Quaternary International, 188: 80-104.
67. Nesje, A., Bakke, J., Dahl, S. O., Lie, Ø. and Matthews, J. A., 2008: Norwegian mountain glaciers in the past, present and future. Global and Planetary Change, 60: 10-27.
68. Nicoletti, P. G. and Sorriso-Valvo, M., 1991: Geomorphic controls of the shape and mobility of rock avalanches. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 103: 1365-1373.
69. Ødegård, R. S., Hoelzle, M., Johansen, K. V. and Sollid, J. L., 1996: Permafrost mapping and prospecting in southern Norway. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift, 50: 41-53.
70. Østrem, G., Selvik, K. D. and Tandberg, K., 1988: Atlas over Breer i Sør-Norge. Norges Vassdrags- og Energiverk Vassdragsdirektoratet, Hydrologisk Avdeling, Meddelelse 61, Oslo
71. Potter, N., 1972: Ice-cored rock glacier, Galena Creek, northern Absaroka Mountains, Wyoming. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 83: 3025-3057.
72. Powers, M. C., 1953: A new roundness scale for sedimentary particles. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 23: 117-119.
73. Putnam, A. E. and Putnam, D. E., 2009: Inactive and relict rock glaciers of the Deboullie Lakes Ecological Reserve, northern Maine, USA. Journal of Quaternary Science, 24: 773-784.
74. Ribolini, A., Guglielmin, M., Fabre, D., Bodin, X., Marchisio, M., Sartini, S., Spagnolo, M. and Schoeneich, P., 2010. The internal structure of rock glaciers and recently deglaciated slopes as revealed by geoelectrical tomography: insights on permafrost and recent glacial evolution in the Central and Western Alps (Italy-France). Quaternary Science Reviews, 29: 507-521.
75. Robbins, J. A. and Matthews, J. A., 2009: Pioneer vegetation on glacier forelands in southern Norway: emerging communities Journal of Vegetation Science, 20: 889-902.
76. Shakesby, R. A. and Matthews, J. A., 1987: Frost weathering and rock platform erosion on periglacial shorelines: a test of a hypothesis. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, 67: 197-203.
77. Shakesby, R. A. and Matthews, J. A., 1996: Glacial activity and paraglacial landsliding in the Devensian Lateglacial: evidence from Craig Cerrig-gleisiad and Fan Dringarth, Fforest Fawr (Brecon Beacons), south Wales. Geological Journal, 31: 143-157.
78. Shakesby, R. A., Dawson, A. G. and Matthews, J. A., 1987: Rock glaciers, protalus ramparts and related phenomena, Rondane, Norway: a continuum of large-scale, talus-derived landforms. Boreas, 16: 305-317.
79. Shakesby, R. A., Matthews, J. A. and Owen, G., 2006: The Schmidt hammer as a relative-age dating tool and its potential for calibrated-age dating in Holocene glaciated environments. Quaternary Science Reviews, 25: 2846-2867.
80. Sollid, J. L. and Sørbel, L., 1992: Rock glaciers in Svalbard and Norway. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 3: 215-220.
81. Tovar, D. S., Shulmeister, J. and Davies, T. R., 2008: Evidence for a landslide origin of New Zealand's Waiho Loop moraine. Nature Geoscience, 1: 524-526.
82. Vere, D. M. and Benn, D. I., 1989: Structure and debris characteristics of medial moraines in Jotunheimen, Norway: implications for moraine classifcation. Journal of Glaciology, 35: 276-280.
83. Vere, D. M. and Matthews, J. A., 1985: Rock glacier formation from a lateral- moraine at Bukkeholsbreen, Jotunheimen, Norway - a sedimentological approach. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, 29: 397-415.
84. Vitek, J. D. and Giordino, J. R., 1987: Rock glaciers: a review of the knowledge base. In: Giordino, J. R., Shroder, J. F. Jr. and Vitek, J. D., (eds): Rock glaciers. Allen & Unwin, Boston MA 1-26.
85. Wahrhaftig, C. and Cox, A., 1959: Rock glaciers in the Alaska Range. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 70: 383-436.
86. Whalley, W. B., 1974: Rock glaciers and their formation as part of a glacier debris- transport system. Reading Geographical Papers, 24: 1-60.
87. Whalley, W. B., 2009: On the interpretation of discrete debris accumulations associated with glaciers with special reference to the British Isles. In: Knight, J. and Harrison, S., (eds): Perglacial and paraglacial processes and environments. The Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 320: 85-102.
88. Whalley, W. B. and Azizi, F., 2003: Rock glaciers and protalus landforms: analogous forms and ice sources on Earth and Mars. Journal of Geophysical Research, Planets, 108: 8032.
89. Wilson, P., 2009a: Storurdi: a late Holocene rock- slope failure (sturzstrom) in the Jotunheimen, southern Norway. Geografska Annaler, 91A: 47-58.
90. Wilson, P., 2009b: Rockfall talus slopes and assocated talus-foot features in glaciated uplands of Great Britain and Ireland. In: Knight, J. and Harrison, S., (eds): Periglacial and paraglacial processes and environments. The Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 320: 133-144.
91. Winkler, S. and Matthews, J. A., 2010: Observations on terminal moraine- ridge formation during recent advances of southern Norwegian glaciers. Geomorphology, 116: 87-106.