Epilepsy-associated stigma in Zambia: What factors predict greater felt stigma in a highly stigmatized population?

Epilepsy and Behavior

Volumn 19, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 414-418

  Atadzhanov, Masharip ^a   Haworth, Alan ^a   Chomba, Elwyn N ^a   Mbewe, Edward K ^b   Birbeck, Gretchen Lano ^c,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA   (Zambia)

^b Chainama Hills College Hospital   (Zambia)

^c Chikankata Hospital   (Zambia)

^d East Lansing   (United States)

Author keywords

Contagion beliefs; Disclosure; Epilepsy; Felt stigma; Stigmata

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; EDUCATION; FEMALE; FOCAL EPILEPSY; GENDER; GRAND MAL SEIZURE; HUMAN; INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; POPULATION RISK; PREDICTOR VARIABLE; SCORING SYSTEM; STIGMA; TONIC CLONIC SEIZURE; ZAMBIA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CULTURE; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; EMOTIONS; EPILEPSY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; QUESTIONNAIRES; STEREOTYPING; YOUNG ADULT; ZAMBIA;

EID: 78649905691     PISSN: 15255050     EISSN: 15255069     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.08.017     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Goffman E. Notes on the management of spoiled identity 1963, Penguin, Harmondsworth.
2. Link B, Phelan J. On stigma and its public health implications. Paper presented at the conference Stigma and Global Health: Developing a Research Agenda; Bethesda, MD; 2001.
3. Jacoby A. Epilepsy and stigma: an update and critical review. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2008, 8:339-344.
4. Scambler G., Hopkins A. Being epileptic: coming to terms with stigma. Social Health Illness 1986, 8:26-43.
5. Jacoby A., Gorry J., Gamble C., Baker G.A. Public knowledge, private grief: a study of public attitudes to epilepsy in the United Kingdom and implications for stigma. Epilepsia 2004, 45:1405-1415.
6. Bandstra N.F., Camfield C.S., Camfield P.R. Stigma of epilepsy. Can J Neurol Sci 2008, 35:436-440.
7. Scambler G. Reframing Stigma: Felt and enacted stigma and challenges to the sociology of chronic and disabling conditions. Social Theory Health 2004, 2:29-46.
8. Kilinç S., Campbell C. "It shouldn't be something that's evil, it should be talked about": the phenomenological approach to epilepsy and stigma. Seizure 2009, 18:665-671.
9. Jones E., Farina A., Hastorf A. Social stigma: the psychology of marked relationships 1984, Freeman, New York.
10. Baker G., Brooks J., Buck D., Jacoby A. The stigma of epilepsy: a European perspective. Epilepsia 1999, 41:98-104.
11. Lim Y., Chan S., Ko T. Stigma and health-related quality of life in Asian adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2009, 87:107-119.
12. Lee S.A., Yoo H.J., Lee B.I. Factors contributing to the stigma of epilepsy. Seizure 2005, 14:157-163.
13. Wong V., Chung B., Wong R. Pilot study of public awareness, attitudes and understanding toward epilepsy in Hong Kong. Neurol J Southeast Asia 2004, 9:21-27.
14. Aziz H., Akhtar S.W., Hasan K.Z. Epilepsy in Pakistan: stigma and psychosocial problems: a population- based epidemiologic study. Epilepsia 1997, 38:1069-1073.
15. Shafiq M., Tanwir M., Tariq A., et al. Epilepsy: public knowledge and attitude in a slum area of Karachi, Pakistan. Seizure 2007, 16:330-337.
16. Jacoby A., Wang W., Vu T.D., et al. Meanings of epilepsy in its sociocultural context and implications for stigma: findings from ethnographic studies in local communities in China and Vietnam. Epilepsy Behav 2008, 12:286-297.
17. Rhodes P.J., Small N.A., Ismail H., Wright J.P. 'What really annoys me is people take it like it's a disability', epilepsy, disability and identity among people of Pakistani origin living in the UK. Ethn Health 2008, 13:1-21.
18. Santosh D., Kumar T.S., Sarma P.S., Radhakrishnan K. Women with onset of epilepsy prior to marriage: disclose or conceal?. Epilepsia 2007, 48:1007-1010.
19. Radhakrishnan K., Pandian J.D., Santhoshkumar T., et al. Prevalence, knowledge, attitude, and practice of epilepsy in Kerala, South India. Epilepsia 2000, 41:1027-1035.
20. Tran D.S., Odermatt P., Singphuoangphet S., et al. Epilepsy in Laos: knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the community. Epilepsy Behav 2007, 10:565-570.
21. Al-Adawi S., Al-Ismaily S., Martin R., et al. Psychosocial aspects of epilepsy in Oman: attitude of health personnel. Epilepsia 2001, 42:1476-1481.
22. Daoud A., Al-Safi S., Otoom S., Wahba L., Alkofahi A. Public knowledge and attitudes towards epilepsy in Jordan. Seizure 2007, 16:521-526.
23. Obeid T. Stigma. An aspect of epilepsy not to be ignored. Saudi Med J 2008, 29:489-497.
24. Baskind R., Birbeck G.L. Epilepsy-associated stigma in sub-Saharan Africa: the social landscape of a disease. Epilepsy Behav 2005, 7:68-73.
25. Jilek W.G., Jilek-Aall L.M. The problem of epilepsy in a rural Tanzanian tribe. Afr J Med Sci 1970, 1:305-307.
26. Giel R. The epileptic outcast. East Afr Med J 1968, 45:27-31.
27. Rwiza H.T., Matuja W.B., Kilonzo G.P., et al. Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward epilepsy among rural Tanzanian residents. Epilepsia 1993, 34:1017-1023.
28. Birbeck G.L. Barriers to care for patients with neurologic disease in rural Zambia. Arch Neurol 2000, 57:414-417.
29. Allotey P., Reidpath D. Epilepsy, culture, identity and well-being: a study of the social, cultural and environmental context of epilepsy in Cameroon. J Health Psychol 2007, 12:431-443.
30. Birbeck G., Chomba E., Atadzhanov M., Mbewe E., Haworth A. The social and economic impact of epilepsy in Zambia: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Neurol 2007, 6:39-44.
31. Baker G.A. People with epilepsy: what do they know and understand, and how does this contribute to their perceived level of stigma?. Epilepsy Behav 2002, 3(6, Suppl. 2):26-32.
32. Smith G., Ferguson P.L., Saunders L.L., Wagner J.L., Wannamaker B.B., Selassie A.W. Psychosocial factors associated with stigma in adults with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2009, 16:484-490.
33. Rafael F., Houinato D., Nubukpo P., et al. Sociocultural and psychological features of perceived stigma reported by people with epilepsy in Benin. Epilepsia 2010, 51:1061-1068.
34. Adewuya A.O., Oseni S.B., Okeniyi J.A. School performance of Nigerian adolescents with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2006, 47:415-420.
35. Fong C.Y., Hung A. Public awareness, attitude, and understanding of epilepsy in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Epilepsia 2002, 43:311-316.
36. Nyame P.K., Biritwum R.B. Epilepsy: knowledge, attitude and practice in literate urban population, Accra, Ghana. West Afr J Med 1997, 16:139-145.
37. Matuja W.B., Rwiza H.T. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards epilepsy in secondary school students in Tanzania. Cent Afr J Med 1994, 40:13-18.
38. Jacoby A., Austin J.K. Social stigma for adults and children with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2007, 48(Suppl. 9):6-9.
39. Fernandes P.T., Salgado P.C., Noronha A.L., Sander J.W., Li L.M. Stigma Scale of Epilepsy: validation process. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2007, 65(Suppl. 1):35-42.
40. Neuberg S., Smith S., Asher T. Why people stigmatize: toward a biocultural framework. The social psychology of stigma 2000, Guilford Press, New York. T. Heatherton, R. Kleck, H. Hebl, J. Hull (Eds.).
41. Kleinman A., Wang W.Z., Li S.C., et al. The social course of epilepsy: chronic illness as social experience in interior China. Social Sci Med 1995, 40:1319-1330.
42. Morrell M.J. Stigma and epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2002, 3(6, Suppl. 2):21-25.
43. De Boer H.M., Engel J., Prilipko L.L. "Out of the shadows": a partnership that brings progress!. Epilepsia 2005, 46(Suppl. 1):61-62.
44. Bruce J.C. Marrying modern health practices and technology with traditional practices: issues for the African continent. Int Nurs Rev 2002, 49:161-167.
45. Neurological disorders: public health challenges 2006, WHO Press, Geneva.
46. Corrigan P.W. Target-specific stigma change: a strategy for impacting mental illness stigma. Psychiatr Rehabil J 2004, 28:113-121.
47. Birbeck G. Interventions to reduce epilepsy-associated stigma. Psychol Health Med 2006, 11:364-366.
48. Link B.G., Struening E.L., Neese-Todd S., Asmussen S., Phelan J.C. Stigma as a barrier to recovery: the consequences of stigma for the self-esteem of people with mental illnesses. Psychiatr Serv 2001, 52:1621-1626.
49. Jacoby A., Baker G., Smith D., Dewey M., Chadwick D. Measuring the impact of epilepsy: the development of a novel scale. Epilepsy Res 1993, 16:83-88.
50. Birbeck G.L., Kalichi E.M. Epilepsy prevalence in rural Zambia: a door-to-door survey. Trop Med Int Health 2004, 9:92-95.
51. Birbeck G.L. Seizures in rural Zambia. Epilepsia 2000, 41:277-281.
52. Alikor E.A., Essien A.A. Childhood epilepsy: knowledge and attitude of primary school teachers in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Niger J Med 2005, 14:299-303.
53. Atadzhanov M., Chomba E., Haworth A., Mbewe E., Birbeck G.L. Knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and practices regarding epilepsy among Zambian clerics. Epilepsy Behav 2006, 9:83-88.
54. Baskind R., Birbeck G. Epilepsy care in Zambia: a study of traditional healers. Epilepsia 2005, 46:1121-1126.
55. Birbeck G.L., Chomba E., Atadzhanov M., Mbewe E., Haworth A. Women's experiences living with epilepsy in Zambia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008, 79:168-172.
56. Chomba E.N., Haworth A., Atadzhanov M., Mbewe E., Birbeck G.L. Zambian health care workers' knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices regarding epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2007, 10:111-119.
57. Mbewe E., Haworth A., Atadzhanov M., Chomba E., Birbeck G.L. Epilepsy-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Zambian police officers. Epilepsy Behav 2007, 10:456-462.
58. Ab Rahman A.F. Awareness and knowledge of epilepsy among students in a Malaysian university. Seizure 2005, 14:593-596.
59. Fernandes P.T., Cabral P., Araujo U., Noronha A.L., Li L.M. Kids' perception about epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2005, 6:601-603.
60. Ismail H., Wright J., Rhodes P., Small N. Religious beliefs about causes and treatment of epilepsy. Br J Gen Pract 2005, 55:26-31.
61. Ndoye N.F., Sow A.D., Diop A.G., et al. Prevalence of epilepsy its treatment gap and knowledge, attitude and practice of its population in suburban Senegal: an ILAE/IBE/WHO study. Seizure 2005, 14:106-111.
62. Sirven J.I., Lopez R.A., Vazquez B., Van Haverbeke P. Que es la Epilepsia? Attitudes and knowledge of epilepsy by Spanish-speaking adults in the United States. Epilepsy Behav 2005, 7:259-265.
63. Zielinska A., Klos E., Talarska D. Youth's knowledge and attitude to epilepsy. Rocz Akad Med Bialymst 2005, 50(Suppl. 1):99-101.