메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 11, 2010, Pages

Additional haplogroups of Toxoplasma gondii out of Africa: Population structure and mouse-virulence of strains from Gabon

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AFRICA; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BAYES THEOREM; BIOASSAY; CONTROLLED STUDY; GABON; GENE LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; GENETIC DISTANCE; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENOTYPE; HAPLOTYPE; MICROSATELLITE MARKER; MOUSE; NEIGHBOR JOINING METHOD; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PARASITE ISOLATION; PARASITE TRANSMISSION; PARASITE VIRULENCE; POPULATION STRUCTURE; RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; RURAL AREA; TOXOPLASMA GONDII; TOXOPLASMOSIS; URBAN AREA; ANIMAL; CLASSIFICATION; GENETICS; HUMAN; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MOLECULAR GENETICS; PARASITOLOGY; PATHOGENICITY; PHYLOGENY; TOXOPLASMA; VIRULENCE;

EID: 78649898376     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000876     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (112)

References (55)
  • 2
    • 0026478014 scopus 로고
    • Isoenzyme analysis of 35 Toxoplasma gondii isolates and the biological and epidemiological implications
    • Darde ́ ML, Bouteille B, Pestre-Alexandre M (1992) Isoenzyme analysis of 35 Toxoplasma gondii isolates and the biological and epidemiological implications. J Parasitol 78: 786-794.
    • (1992) J Parasitol , vol.78 , pp. 786-794
    • Dardé, M.L.1    Bouteille, B.2    Pestre-Alexandre, M.3
  • 3
    • 0028886480 scopus 로고
    • Toxoplasma gondii comprises three clonal lineages: Correlation of parasite genotype with human disease
    • Howe DK, Sibley LD (1995) Toxoplasma gondii comprises three clonal lineages: correlation of parasite genotype with human disease. J Infect Dis 172: 1561-1566.
    • (1995) J Infect Dis , vol.172 , pp. 1561-1566
    • Howe, D.K.1    Sibley, L.D.2
  • 4
    • 4544263085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity, clonality and sexuality in Toxoplasma gondii
    • Ajzenberg D, Banuls AL, Su C, Dumetre A, Demar M, et al. (2004) Genetic diversity, clonality and sexuality in Toxoplasma gondii. Int J Parasitol 34: 1185-1196.
    • (2004) Int J Parasitol , vol.34 , pp. 1185-1196
    • Ajzenberg, D.1    Banuls, A.L.2    Su, C.3    Dumetre, A.4    Demar, M.5
  • 5
    • 39449094317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure and mousevirulence of Toxoplasma gondii in Brazil
    • Pena HF, Gennari SM, Dubey JP, Su C (2008) Population structure and mousevirulence of Toxoplasma gondii in Brazil. Int J Parasitol 38: 561-569.
    • (2008) Int J Parasitol , vol.38 , pp. 561-569
    • Pena, H.F.1    Gennari, S.M.2    Dubey, J.P.3    Su, C.4
  • 6
    • 65349159878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe acquired toxoplasmosis caused by wild cycle of Toxoplasma gondii, French Guiana
    • Carme B, Demar M, Ajzenberg D, Darde ML (2009) Severe acquired toxoplasmosis caused by wild cycle of Toxoplasma gondii, French Guiana. Emerg Infect Dis 15: 656-658.
    • (2009) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.15 , pp. 656-658
    • Carme, B.1    Demar, M.2    Ajzenberg, D.3    Darde, M.L.4
  • 7
    • 35548991888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent transcontinental sweep of Toxoplasma gondii driven by a single monomorphic chromosome
    • Khan A, Fux B, Su C, Dubey JP, Darde ML, et al. (2007) Recent transcontinental sweep of Toxoplasma gondii driven by a single monomorphic chromosome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104: 14872-14877.
    • (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.104 , pp. 14872-14877
    • Khan, A.1    Fux, B.2    Su, C.3    Dubey, J.P.4    Darde, M.L.5
  • 8
    • 33746514490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from Chile, South America
    • Dubey JP, Patitucci AN, Su C, Sundar N, Kwok OC, et al. (2006) Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from Chile, South America. Vet Parasitol 140: 76-82.
    • (2006) Vet Parasitol , vol.140 , pp. 76-82
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Patitucci, A.N.2    Su, C.3    Sundar, N.4    Kwok, O.C.5
  • 9
    • 77956153061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New Toxoplasma gondii Genotypes Isolated from Free-Range Chickens from the Fernando De Noronha, Brazil: Unexpected Findings
    • Dubey JP, Chellaiah R, Costa DG, Ferreira L, Kwok O, et al. (2010) New Toxoplasma gondii Genotypes Isolated from Free-Range Chickens from the Fernando De Noronha, Brazil: Unexpected Findings. J Parasitol: 96: 709-712.
    • (2010) J Parasitol , vol.96 , pp. 709-712
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Chellaiah, R.2    Costa, D.G.3    Ferreira, L.4    Kwok, O.5
  • 10
    • 51149097160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxoplasma gondii, ''new'' genotypes and virulence
    • Dardé ML (2008) Toxoplasma gondii, ''new'' genotypes and virulence. Parasite 15: 366-371.
    • (2008) Parasite , vol.15 , pp. 366-371
    • Dardé, M.L.1
  • 11
    • 33845708147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biologic and genetic comparison of Toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from the northern Para state and the southern state Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil revealed highly diverse and distinct parasite populations
    • Dubey JP, Sundar N, Gennari SM, Minervino AH, Farias NA, et al. (2007) Biologic and genetic comparison of Toxoplasma gondii isolates in free-range chickens from the northern Para state and the southern state Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil revealed highly diverse and distinct parasite populations. Vet Parasitol 143: 182-188.
    • (2007) Vet Parasitol , vol.143 , pp. 182-188
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Sundar, N.2    Gennari, S.M.3    Minervino, A.H.4    Farias, N.A.5
  • 12
    • 33744930896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic divergence of Toxoplasma gondii strains associated with ocular toxoplasmosis, Brazil
    • Khan A, Jordan C, Muccioli C, Vallochi AL, Rizzo LV, et al. (2006) Genetic divergence of Toxoplasma gondii strains associated with ocular toxoplasmosis, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 12: 942-949.
    • (2006) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.12 , pp. 942-949
    • Khan, A.1    Jordan, C.2    Muccioli, C.3    Vallochi, A.L.4    Rizzo, L.V.5
  • 13
    • 34848812882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatal outbreak of human toxoplasmosis along the Maroni River: Epidemiological, clinical, and parasitological aspects
    • Demar M, Ajzenberg D, Maubon D, Djossou F, Panchoe D, et al. (2007) Fatal outbreak of human toxoplasmosis along the Maroni River: epidemiological, clinical, and parasitological aspects. Clin Infect Dis 45: e88-e95.
    • (2007) Clin Infect Dis , vol.45
    • Demar, M.1    Ajzenberg, D.2    Maubon, D.3    Djossou, F.4    Panchoe, D.5
  • 14
    • 37249017651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii from Ugandan chickens reveals frequent multiple infections
    • Lindstrom I, Sundar N, Lindh J, Kironde F, Kabasa JD, et al. (2008) Isolation and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii from Ugandan chickens reveals frequent multiple infections. Parasitology 135: 39-45.
    • (2008) Parasitology , vol.135 , pp. 39-45
    • Lindstrom, I.1    Sundar, N.2    Lindh, J.3    Kironde, F.4    Kabasa, J.D.5
  • 15
    • 47049103493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotyping studies of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from Africa revealed that the archetypal clonal lineages predominate as in North America and Europe
    • Velmurugan GV, Dubey JP, Su C (2008) Genotyping studies of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from Africa revealed that the archetypal clonal lineages predominate as in North America and Europe. Vet Parasitol 155: 314-318.
    • (2008) Vet Parasitol , vol.155 , pp. 314-318
    • Velmurugan, G.V.1    Dubey, J.P.2    Su, C.3
  • 16
    • 67650735559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole genome sequencing of a natural recombinant Toxoplasma gondii strain reveals chromosome sorting and local allelic variants
    • Lindström Bontell I, Hall N, Ashelford KE, Dubey JP, Boyle JP, et al. (2009) Whole genome sequencing of a natural recombinant Toxoplasma gondii strain reveals chromosome sorting and local allelic variants. Genome Biol 10: R53.
    • (2009) Genome Biol , vol.10
    • Bontell, L.I.1    Hall, N.2    Ashelford, K.E.3    Dubey, J.P.4    Boyle, J.P.5
  • 17
    • 65649111678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotype of 88 Toxoplasma gondii isolates associated with toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients and correlation with clinical findings
    • Ajzenberg D, Yera H, Marty P, Paris L, Dalle F, et al. (2009) Genotype of 88 Toxoplasma gondii isolates associated with toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients and correlation with clinical findings. J Infect Dis 199: 1155-1167.
    • (2009) J Infect Dis , vol.199 , pp. 1155-1167
    • Ajzenberg, D.1    Yera, H.2    Marty, P.3    Paris, L.4    Dalle, F.5
  • 18
    • 0036160204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microsatellite analysis of Toxoplasma gondii shows considerable polymorphism structured into two main clonal groups
    • Ajzenberg D, Banuls AL, Tibayrenc M, Darde ML (2002) Microsatellite analysis of Toxoplasma gondii shows considerable polymorphism structured into two main clonal groups. Int J Parasitol 32: 27-38.
    • (2002) Int J Parasitol , vol.32 , pp. 27-38
    • Ajzenberg, D.1    Banuls, A.L.2    Tibayrenc, M.3    Darde, M.L.4
  • 19
    • 16844367680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiplex PCR for typing strains of Toxoplasma gondii
    • Ajzenberg D, Dumetre A, Darde ML (2005) Multiplex PCR for typing strains of Toxoplasma gondii. J Clin Microbiol 43: 1940-1943.
    • (2005) J Clin Microbiol , vol.43 , pp. 1940-1943
    • Ajzenberg, D.1    Dumetre, A.2    Darde, M.L.3
  • 20
    • 0035668250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highresolution typing of Toxoplasma gondii using microsatellite loci
    • Blackston CR, Dubey JP, Dotson E, Su C, Thulliez P, et al. (2001) Highresolution typing of Toxoplasma gondii using microsatellite loci. J Parasitol 87: 1472-1475.
    • (2001) J Parasitol , vol.87 , pp. 1472-1475
    • Blackston, C.R.1    Dubey, J.P.2    Dotson, E.3    Su, C.4    Thulliez, P.5
  • 21
    • 73949089806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in a rural population in south-west Gabon
    • Bisvigou U, Mickoto B, Ngoubangoye B, Mayi Tsonga S, Akue JP, et al. (2009) Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in a rural population in south-west Gabon. Parasite 16: 240-242.
    • (2009) Parasite , vol.16 , pp. 240-242
    • Bisvigou, U.1    Mickoto, B.2    Ngoubangoye, B.3    Mayi, T.S.4    Akue, J.P.5
  • 22
    • 0033954811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a 200- to 300-fold repetitive 529 bp DNA fragment in Toxoplasma gondii, and its use for diagnostic and quantitative PCR
    • Homan WL, Vercammen M, De Braekeleer J, Verschueren H (2000) Identification of a 200- to 300-fold repetitive 529 bp DNA fragment in Toxoplasma gondii, and its use for diagnostic and quantitative PCR. Int J Parasitol 30: 69-75.
    • (2000) Int J Parasitol , vol.30 , pp. 69-75
    • Homan, W.L.1    Vercammen, M.2    de Braekeleer, J.3    Verschueren, H.4
  • 24
    • 0036162787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological and genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from chickens (Gallus domesticus) from Sao Paulo, Brazil: Unexpected findings
    • Dubey JP, Graham DH, Blackston CR, Lehmann T, Gennari SM, et al. (2002) Biological and genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from chickens (Gallus domesticus) from Sao Paulo, Brazil: unexpected findings. Int J Parasitol 32: 99-105.
    • (2002) Int J Parasitol , vol.32 , pp. 99-105
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Graham, D.H.2    Blackston, C.R.3    Lehmann, T.4    Gennari, S.M.5
  • 25
    • 0036941367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation of viable Toxoplasma gondii from naturally infected aborted bovine fetuses
    • Canada N, Meireles CS, Rocha A, da Costa JM, Erickson MW, et al. (2002) Isolation of viable Toxoplasma gondii from naturally infected aborted bovine fetuses. J Parasitol 88: 1247-1248.
    • (2002) J Parasitol , vol.88 , pp. 1247-1248
    • Canada, N.1    Meireles, C.S.2    Rocha, A.3    da Costa, J.M.4    Erickson, M.W.5
  • 27
    • 0020954623 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of fixation indices and gene diversities
    • Nei M, Chesser RK (1983) Estimation of fixation indices and gene diversities. Ann Hum Genet 47: 253-259.
    • (1983) Ann Hum Genet , vol.47 , pp. 253-259
    • Nei, M.1    Chesser, R.K.2
  • 28
    • 0031972435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fixation indices in subdivided populations
    • Nagylaki T (1998) Fixation indices in subdivided populations. Genetics 148: 1325-1332.
    • (1998) Genetics , vol.148 , pp. 1325-1332
    • Nagylaki, T.1
  • 29
    • 84890417804 scopus 로고
    • The genetical structure of populations
    • Wright S (1951) The genetical structure of populations. Ann Eugenics 15: 323-354.
    • (1951) Ann Eugenics , vol.15 , pp. 323-354
    • Wright, S.1
  • 30
    • 0031694560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separating the wheat from the chaff: Patterns of genetic differentiation in high gene flow species
    • Waples RS (1998) Separating the wheat from the chaff: patterns of genetic differentiation in high gene flow species. J Hered 89: 438-450.
    • (1998) J Hered , vol.89 , pp. 438-450
    • Waples, R.S.1
  • 31
    • 33745237506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • a program to estimate and test gene diversities and fixation indices Version 2.9.3.2 ed
    • Goudet J (2002) Fstat, a program to estimate and test gene diversities and fixation indices Version 2.9.3.2 ed.
    • (2002) Fstat
    • Goudet, J.1
  • 32
    • 0002294347 scopus 로고
    • A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure
    • Holm S (1979) A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scand J Statist 6: 65-70.
    • (1979) Scand J Statist , vol.6 , pp. 65-70
    • Holm, S.1
  • 33
    • 0034118493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data
    • Pritchard JK, Stephens M, Donnelly P (2000) Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155: 945-959.
    • (2000) Genetics , vol.155 , pp. 945-959
    • Pritchard, J.K.1    Stephens, M.2    Donnelly, P.3
  • 34
    • 21244479740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: A simulation study
    • Evanno G, Regnaut S, Goudet J (2005) Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Mol Ecol 14: 2611-2620.
    • (2005) Mol Ecol , vol.14 , pp. 2611-2620
    • Evanno, G.1    Regnaut, S.2    Goudet, J.3
  • 35
    • 3042701933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation by distance and sharp discontinuities in gene frequencies: Implications for the phylogeography of an alpine insect species, Carabus solieri
    • Garnier S, Alibert P, Audiot P, Prieur B, Rasplus JY (2004) Isolation by distance and sharp discontinuities in gene frequencies: implications for the phylogeography of an alpine insect species, Carabus solieri. Mol Ecol 13: 1883-1897.
    • (2004) Mol Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 1883-1897
    • Garnier, S.1    Alibert, P.2    Audiot, P.3    Prieur, B.4    Rasplus, J.Y.5
  • 36
    • 33846566797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population genetics and molecular epidemiology or how to ''debusquer la bete''
    • de Meeus T, McCoy KD, Prugnolle F, Chevillon C, Durand P, et al. (2007) Population genetics and molecular epidemiology or how to ''debusquer la bete''. Infect Genet Evol 7: 308-332.
    • (2007) Infect Genet Evol , vol.7 , pp. 308-332
    • de Meeus, T.1    McCoy, K.D.2    Prugnolle, F.3    Chevillon, C.4    Durand, P.5
  • 37
    • 0029786076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic distances and reconstruction of phylogenetic trees from microsatellite DNA
    • Takezaki N, Nei M (1996) Genetic distances and reconstruction of phylogenetic trees from microsatellite DNA. Genetics 144: 389-399.
    • (1996) Genetics , vol.144 , pp. 389-399
    • Takezaki, N.1    Nei, M.2
  • 38
    • 0014082615 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic analysis. Models and estimation procedures
    • Cavalli-Sforza LL, Edwards AW (1967) Phylogenetic analysis. Models and estimation procedures. Am J Hum Genet 19: 233-257.
    • (1967) Am J Hum Genet , vol.19 , pp. 233-257
    • Cavalli-Sforza, L.L.1    Edwards, A.W.2
  • 39
    • 84908418476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R: A language and environment for statistical computing
    • Vienna, Austria
    • Team RDC (2009) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing: Vienna, Austria.
    • (2009) R Foundation for Statistical Computing
    • Team, R.D.C.1
  • 40
    • 0036718239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homoplasy and mutation model at microsatellite loci and their consequences for population genetics analysis
    • Estoup A, Jarne P, Cornuet JM (2002) Homoplasy and mutation model at microsatellite loci and their consequences for population genetics analysis. Mol Ecol 11: 1591-1604.
    • (2002) Mol Ecol , vol.11 , pp. 1591-1604
    • Estoup, A.1    Jarne, P.2    Cornuet, J.M.3
  • 41
    • 0036721546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotype of 86 Toxoplasma gondii isolates associated with human congenital toxoplasmosis, and correlation with clinical findings
    • Ajzenberg D, Cogne N, Paris L, Bessieres MH, Thulliez P, et al. (2002) Genotype of 86 Toxoplasma gondii isolates associated with human congenital toxoplasmosis, and correlation with clinical findings. J Infect Dis 186: 684-689.
    • (2002) J Infect Dis , vol.186 , pp. 684-689
    • Ajzenberg, D.1    Cogne, N.2    Paris, L.3    Bessieres, M.H.4    Thulliez, P.5
  • 42
    • 34247263837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diverse and atypical genotypes identified in Toxoplasma gondii from dogs in Sao Paulo, Brazil
    • Dubey JP, Gennari SM, Sundar N, Vianna MC, Bandini LM, et al. (2007) Diverse and atypical genotypes identified in Toxoplasma gondii from dogs in Sao Paulo, Brazil. J Parasitol 93: 60-64.
    • (2007) J Parasitol , vol.93 , pp. 60-64
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Gennari, S.M.2    Sundar, N.3    Vianna, M.C.4    Bandini, L.M.5
  • 43
    • 34247217065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in dogs from Sri Lanka and genetic characterization of the parasite isolates
    • Dubey JP, Rajapakse RP, Wijesundera RR, Sundar N, Velmurugan GV, et al. (2007) Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in dogs from Sri Lanka and genetic characterization of the parasite isolates. Vet Parasitol 146: 341-346.
    • (2007) Vet Parasitol , vol.146 , pp. 341-346
    • Dubey, J.P.1    Rajapakse, R.P.2    Wijesundera, R.R.3    Sundar, N.4    Velmurugan, G.V.5
  • 44
    • 62149118305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection at a single locus leads to widespread expansion of Toxoplasma gondii lineages that are virulent in mice
    • Khan A, Taylor S, Ajioka JW, Rosenthal BM, Sibley LD (2009) Selection at a single locus leads to widespread expansion of Toxoplasma gondii lineages that are virulent in mice. PLoS Genet 5: e1000404.
    • (2009) PLoS Genet , vol.5
    • Khan, A.1    Taylor, S.2    Ajioka, J.W.3    Rosenthal, B.M.4    Sibley, L.D.5
  • 45
    • 33745913320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Just one cross appears capable of dramatically altering the population biology of a eukaryotic pathogen like Toxoplasma gondii
    • Boyle JP, Rajasekar B, Saeij JP, Ajioka JW, Berriman M, et al. (2006) Just one cross appears capable of dramatically altering the population biology of a eukaryotic pathogen like Toxoplasma gondii. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 10514-10519.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.103 , pp. 10514-10519
    • Boyle, J.P.1    Rajasekar, B.2    Saeij, J.P.3    Ajioka, J.W.4    Berriman, M.5
  • 46
    • 77953237672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type I strains in human toxoplasmosis: Myth or reality?
    • Ajzenberg D (2010) Type I strains in human toxoplasmosis: myth or reality? Future Microbiol 5: 841-843.
    • (2010) Future Microbiol , vol.5 , pp. 841-843
    • Ajzenberg, D.1
  • 47
    • 0036840027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe acquired toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent adult patients in French Guiana
    • Carme B, Bissuel F, Ajzenberg D, Bouyne R, Aznar C, et al. (2002) Severe acquired toxoplasmosis in immunocompetent adult patients in French Guiana. J Clin Microbiol 40: 4037-4044.
    • (2002) J Clin Microbiol , vol.40 , pp. 4037-4044
    • Carme, B.1    Bissuel, F.2    Ajzenberg, D.3    Bouyne, R.4    Aznar, C.5
  • 48
    • 51149097160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxoplasma gondii, ''new'' genotypes and virulence
    • Dardé ML (2008) Toxoplasma gondii, ''new'' genotypes and virulence. Parasite 15: 366-371.
    • (2008) Parasite , vol.15 , pp. 366-371
    • Dardé, M.L.1
  • 49
    • 33745963070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe pneumonia during primary infection with an atypical strain of Toxoplasma gondii in an immunocompetent young man
    • De Salvador-Guillouet F, Ajzenberg D, Chaillou-Opitz S, Saint-Paul MC, Dunais B, et al. (2006) Severe pneumonia during primary infection with an atypical strain of Toxoplasma gondii in an immunocompetent young man. J Infect 53: e47-e50.
    • (2006) J Infect , vol.53
    • De Salvador-Guillouet, F.1    Ajzenberg, D.2    Chaillou-Opitz, S.3    Saint-Paul, M.C.4    Dunais, B.5
  • 50
    • 30944461155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic analysis of natural recombinant Brazilian Toxoplasma gondii strains by multilocus PCRRFLP
    • Ferreira Ade M, Vitor RW, Gazzinelli RT, Melo MN (2006) Genetic analysis of natural recombinant Brazilian Toxoplasma gondii strains by multilocus PCRRFLP. Infect Genet Evol 6: 22-31.
    • (2006) Infect Genet Evol , vol.6 , pp. 22-31
    • Ferreira, A.M.1    Vitor, R.W.2    Gazzinelli, R.T.3    Melo, M.N.4
  • 51
    • 30644464298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct genotyping of animal and human isolates of Toxoplasma gondii from Colombia (South America)
    • Gallego C, Saavedra-Matiz C, Gomez-Marin JE (2006) Direct genotyping of animal and human isolates of Toxoplasma gondii from Colombia (South America). Acta Trop 97: 161-167.
    • (2006) Acta Trop , vol.97 , pp. 161-167
    • Gallego, C.1    Saavedra-Matiz, C.2    Gomez-Marin, J.E.3
  • 54
    • 0032728720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of symptomatic toxoplasma eye disease: Aetiology and public health implications
    • Gilbert RE, Dunn DT, Lightman S, Murray PI, Pavesio CE, et al. (1999) Incidence of symptomatic toxoplasma eye disease: aetiology and public health implications. Epidemiol Infect 123: 283-289.
    • (1999) Epidemiol Infect , vol.123 , pp. 283-289
    • Gilbert, R.E.1    Dunn, D.T.2    Lightman, S.3    Murray, P.I.4    Pavesio, C.E.5
  • 55
    • 77954986988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington (D.C.): Central Intelligence Agency
    • Agency CI (2009) The world factbook 2009. Washington (D.C.): Central Intelligence Agency.
    • (2009) The World Factbook 2009
    • Agency, C.I.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.