메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 657-668

Natural enemy diversity and biological control: Making sense of the context-dependency

Author keywords

Agriculture; Biodiversity; Ecosystem functioning; Habitat complexity; Heterogeneity; Insect; Intraguild predation; IPM; Management; Niche partitioning; Parasitoid; Pest

Indexed keywords

ARTHROPODA; HEXAPODA;

EID: 78649442308     PISSN: 14391791     EISSN: 16180089     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2010.08.005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (110)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 12944314340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal effects of host plant and natural enemy diversity on herbivore suppression: An empirical study of a model tritrophic system
    • Aquilino K.M., Cardinale B.J., Ives A.R. Reciprocal effects of host plant and natural enemy diversity on herbivore suppression: An empirical study of a model tritrophic system. Ecology Letters 2005, 108:275-282.
    • (2005) Ecology Letters , vol.108 , pp. 275-282
    • Aquilino, K.M.1    Cardinale, B.J.2    Ives, A.R.3
  • 2
    • 78649446269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4 classes. R package version 0.999375-28.
    • Bates, D., Maechler, M., Dai, B. (2008). lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4 classes. R package version 0.999375-28.
    • (2008)
    • Bates, D.1    Maechler, M.2    Dai, B.3
  • 3
    • 1642465451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parasitoid coexistence: Linking spatial field patterns with mechanism
    • Borer E.T., Murdoch W.W., Swarbrick S.L. Parasitoid coexistence: Linking spatial field patterns with mechanism. Ecology 2004, 85:667-678.
    • (2004) Ecology , vol.85 , pp. 667-678
    • Borer, E.T.1    Murdoch, W.W.2    Swarbrick, S.L.3
  • 5
    • 0043287719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity and biocontrol: Emergent impacts of a multi-enemy assemblage on pest suppression and crop yield in an agroecosystem
    • Cardinale B.J., Harvey C.T., Gross K., Ives A.R. Biodiversity and biocontrol: Emergent impacts of a multi-enemy assemblage on pest suppression and crop yield in an agroecosystem. Ecology Letters 2003, 6:857-865.
    • (2003) Ecology Letters , vol.6 , pp. 857-865
    • Cardinale, B.J.1    Harvey, C.T.2    Gross, K.3    Ives, A.R.4
  • 7
    • 33645389734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity as both a cause and consequence of resource availability: A study of reciprocal causality in a predator-prey system
    • Cardinale B.J., Weis J.J., Forbes A.E., Tilmon K.J., Ives A.R. Biodiversity as both a cause and consequence of resource availability: A study of reciprocal causality in a predator-prey system. Journal of Animal Ecology 2006, 75:497-505.
    • (2006) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 497-505
    • Cardinale, B.J.1    Weis, J.J.2    Forbes, A.E.3    Tilmon, K.J.4    Ives, A.R.5
  • 9
    • 33747627848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding biodiversity effects on prey in multi-enemy systems
    • Casula P., Wilby A., Thomas M.B. Understanding biodiversity effects on prey in multi-enemy systems. Ecology Letters 2006, 9:995-1004.
    • (2006) Ecology Letters , vol.9 , pp. 995-1004
    • Casula, P.1    Wilby, A.2    Thomas, M.B.3
  • 10
    • 4644299936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host density influences parasitism of the armyworm Pseudaletia unipuncta in agricultural landscapes
    • Costamagna A.C., Menalled F.D., Landis D.A. Host density influences parasitism of the armyworm Pseudaletia unipuncta in agricultural landscapes. Basic and Applied Ecology 2004, 5:347-355.
    • (2004) Basic and Applied Ecology , vol.5 , pp. 347-355
    • Costamagna, A.C.1    Menalled, F.D.2    Landis, D.A.3
  • 11
    • 0036091926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple agents in biological control: Improving the odds?
    • Denoth M., Frid L., Myers J.H. Multiple agents in biological control: Improving the odds?. Biological Control 2002, 24:20-30.
    • (2002) Biological Control , vol.24 , pp. 20-30
    • Denoth, M.1    Frid, L.2    Myers, J.H.3
  • 12
    • 3042822406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity effects increase linearly with biotope space
    • Dimitrakopoulos P.G., Schmid B. Biodiversity effects increase linearly with biotope space. Ecology Letters 2004, 7:574-583.
    • (2004) Ecology Letters , vol.7 , pp. 574-583
    • Dimitrakopoulos, P.G.1    Schmid, B.2
  • 13
    • 43249123428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herbivore and predator diversity interactively affect ecosystem properties in an experimental marine community
    • Douglass J.G., Duffy J.E., Bruno J.F. Herbivore and predator diversity interactively affect ecosystem properties in an experimental marine community. Ecology Letters 2008, 598-608.
    • (2008) Ecology Letters , pp. 598-608
    • Douglass, J.G.1    Duffy, J.E.2    Bruno, J.F.3
  • 14
    • 0041627406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity loss, trophic skew and ecosystem functioning
    • Duffy J.E. Biodiversity loss, trophic skew and ecosystem functioning. Ecology Letters 2003, 6:680-687.
    • (2003) Ecology Letters , vol.6 , pp. 680-687
    • Duffy, J.E.1
  • 16
    • 74549172174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prey diversity is associated with weaker consumer effects in a meta-analysis of benthic marine experiments
    • Edwards K.F., Aquilino K.M., Best R.J., Sellheim K.L., Stachowicz J.J. Prey diversity is associated with weaker consumer effects in a meta-analysis of benthic marine experiments. Ecology Letters 2010, 13:194-201.
    • (2010) Ecology Letters , vol.13 , pp. 194-201
    • Edwards, K.F.1    Aquilino, K.M.2    Best, R.J.3    Sellheim, K.L.4    Stachowicz, J.J.5
  • 17
    • 33846041642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggregation of polyphagous predators in response to multiple prey: Ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) foraging in alfalfa
    • Evans E.W., Toler T.R. Aggregation of polyphagous predators in response to multiple prey: Ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) foraging in alfalfa. Population Ecology 2007, 49:29-36.
    • (2007) Population Ecology , vol.49 , pp. 29-36
    • Evans, E.W.1    Toler, T.R.2
  • 18
    • 0000083727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraguild predation diminished in complex habitats: Implications for top-down suppression of prey populations
    • Finke D.L., Denno R.F. Intraguild predation diminished in complex habitats: Implications for top-down suppression of prey populations. Ecology 2002, 83:643-652.
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 643-652
    • Finke, D.L.1    Denno, R.F.2
  • 19
    • 2642580890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predator diversity dampens trophic cascades
    • Finke D.L., Denno R.F. Predator diversity dampens trophic cascades. Nature 2004, 429:407-410.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.429 , pp. 407-410
    • Finke, D.L.1    Denno, R.F.2
  • 20
    • 28644440250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predator diversity and the functioning of ecosystems: The role of intraguild predation in dampening trophic cascades
    • Finke D.L., Denno R.F. Predator diversity and the functioning of ecosystems: The role of intraguild predation in dampening trophic cascades. Ecology Letters 2005, 8:1299-1306.
    • (2005) Ecology Letters , vol.8 , pp. 1299-1306
    • Finke, D.L.1    Denno, R.F.2
  • 21
    • 51749113129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Niche partitioning increases resource exploitation by diverse communities
    • Finke D.L., Snyder W.E. Niche partitioning increases resource exploitation by diverse communities. Science 2008, 321:1488-1490.
    • (2008) Science , vol.321 , pp. 1488-1490
    • Finke, D.L.1    Snyder, W.E.2
  • 22
    • 0036942215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resource availability dominates and alters the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem productivity in experimental plant communities
    • Fridley J.D. Resource availability dominates and alters the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem productivity in experimental plant communities. Oecologia 2002, 132:271-277.
    • (2002) Oecologia , vol.132 , pp. 271-277
    • Fridley, J.D.1
  • 23
    • 42249087340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predator diversity and ecosystem functioning: Density modifies the effect of resource partitioning
    • Griffin J.N., de la Haye K.L., Hawkins S.J., Thompson R.C., Jenkins S.R. Predator diversity and ecosystem functioning: Density modifies the effect of resource partitioning. Ecology 2008, 89:298-305.
    • (2008) Ecology , vol.89 , pp. 298-305
    • Griffin, J.N.1    de la Haye, K.L.2    Hawkins, S.J.3    Thompson, R.C.4    Jenkins, S.R.5
  • 24
    • 69549108366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial heterogeneity increases the importance of species richness for an ecosystem process
    • Griffin J.N., Jenkins S.R., Gamfeldt L., Jones D., Hawkins S.J., Thompson R.C. Spatial heterogeneity increases the importance of species richness for an ecosystem process. Oikos 2009, 118:1335-1342.
    • (2009) Oikos , vol.118 , pp. 1335-1342
    • Griffin, J.N.1    Jenkins, S.R.2    Gamfeldt, L.3    Jones, D.4    Hawkins, S.J.5    Thompson, R.C.6
  • 25
    • 63849209904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density-dependent effects of predator species-richness in diversity-function studies
    • Griffiths G.J.K., Wilby A., Crawley M.J., Thomas M.B. Density-dependent effects of predator species-richness in diversity-function studies. Ecology 2008, 89:2986-2993.
    • (2008) Ecology , vol.89 , pp. 2986-2993
    • Griffiths, G.J.K.1    Wilby, A.2    Crawley, M.J.3    Thomas, M.B.4
  • 26
    • 0031284556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predators, parasitoids, and pathogens as mortality agents in phytophagous insect populations
    • Hawkins B.A. Predators, parasitoids, and pathogens as mortality agents in phytophagous insect populations. Ecology 1997, 78:2145-2152.
    • (1997) Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 2145-2152
    • Hawkins, B.A.1
  • 27
    • 0029667674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consequences for host population levels of increasing natural enemy species richness in classical biological control
    • Hochberg M. Consequences for host population levels of increasing natural enemy species richness in classical biological control. The American Naturalist 1996, 147:307-318.
    • (1996) The American Naturalist , vol.147 , pp. 307-318
    • Hochberg, M.1
  • 29
    • 12944252228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A synthesis of subdisciplines: Predator-prey interactions, and biodiversity and ecosystem functioning
    • Ives A.R., Cardinale B.J., Snyder W.E. A synthesis of subdisciplines: Predator-prey interactions, and biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Ecology Letters 2005, 8:102-116.
    • (2005) Ecology Letters , vol.8 , pp. 102-116
    • Ives, A.R.1    Cardinale, B.J.2    Snyder, W.E.3
  • 30
    • 11844262673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative prey disrupt biocontrol by a guild of generalist predators
    • Koss A., Snyder W.E. Alternative prey disrupt biocontrol by a guild of generalist predators. Biological Control 2005, 32:243-251.
    • (2005) Biological Control , vol.32 , pp. 243-251
    • Koss, A.1    Snyder, W.E.2
  • 32
    • 0031852367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separating chance and other effects in biodiversity experiments
    • Loreau M. Separating chance and other effects in biodiversity experiments. Oikos 1998, 82:600-602.
    • (1998) Oikos , vol.82 , pp. 600-602
    • Loreau, M.1
  • 33
    • 1542288974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does functional redundancy exist?
    • Loreau M. Does functional redundancy exist?. Oikos 2004, 104:606-611.
    • (2004) Oikos , vol.104 , pp. 606-611
    • Loreau, M.1
  • 35
    • 0031669778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive predator-predator interactions: Enhanced predation rates and synergistic suppression of aphid populations
    • Losey J.E., Denno R.F. Positive predator-predator interactions: Enhanced predation rates and synergistic suppression of aphid populations. Ecology 1998, 79:2143-2152.
    • (1998) Ecology , vol.79 , pp. 2143-2152
    • Losey, J.E.1    Denno, R.F.2
  • 36
    • 0037742719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food web complexity and higher-level ecosystem services
    • Montoya J.M., Rodriguez M.A., Hawkins B.A. Food web complexity and higher-level ecosystem services. Ecology Letters 2003, 6:587-593.
    • (2003) Ecology Letters , vol.6 , pp. 587-593
    • Montoya, J.M.1    Rodriguez, M.A.2    Hawkins, B.A.3
  • 37
    • 0242499471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predation of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) eggs in sweet corn by generalist predators and the impact of alternative food
    • Musser F.R., Shelton A.M. Predation of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) eggs in sweet corn by generalist predators and the impact of alternative food. Environmental Entomology 2003, 32:1131-1135.
    • (2003) Environmental Entomology , vol.32 , pp. 1131-1135
    • Musser, F.R.1    Shelton, A.M.2
  • 38
  • 39
    • 0025199357 scopus 로고
    • Host-parasitoid associations in patchy environments
    • Pacala S.W., Hassell M.P., May R.M. Host-parasitoid associations in patchy environments. Nature 1990, 344:150-153.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.344 , pp. 150-153
    • Pacala, S.W.1    Hassell, M.P.2    May, R.M.3
  • 40
    • 51449092926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggregation of parasitism risk in an aphid-parasitoid system: Effects of plant patch size and aphid density
    • Pareja M., Brown V.K., Powell W. Aggregation of parasitism risk in an aphid-parasitoid system: Effects of plant patch size and aphid density. Basic and Applied Ecology 2008, 9:701-708.
    • (2008) Basic and Applied Ecology , vol.9 , pp. 701-708
    • Pareja, M.1    Brown, V.K.2    Powell, W.3
  • 41
    • 33746257665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity in tropical agroforests and the ecological role of ants and ant diversity in predatory function
    • Philpott S.M., Armbrecht I. Biodiversity in tropical agroforests and the ecological role of ants and ant diversity in predatory function. Ecological Entomology 2006, 31:369-377.
    • (2006) Ecological Entomology , vol.31 , pp. 369-377
    • Philpott, S.M.1    Armbrecht, I.2
  • 42
    • 0024870634 scopus 로고
    • The ecology and evolution of intraguild predation: Potential competitors that eat each other
    • Polis G.A., Myers C., Holt R.D. The ecology and evolution of intraguild predation: Potential competitors that eat each other. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1989, 20:297-330.
    • (1989) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , vol.20 , pp. 297-330
    • Polis, G.A.1    Myers, C.2    Holt, R.D.3
  • 43
    • 33646730976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphagy complicates conservation biological control that targets generalist predators
    • Prasad R., Snyder W.E. Polyphagy complicates conservation biological control that targets generalist predators. Journal of Applied Ecology 2006, 43:343-352.
    • (2006) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.43 , pp. 343-352
    • Prasad, R.1    Snyder, W.E.2
  • 44
    • 78649447364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R Development Core Team. R 2.10.1-A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria.
    • R Development Core Team (2009). R 2.10.1-A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria.
    • (2009)
  • 45
    • 70349289585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scared sick? Predator-pathogen facilitation enhances exploitation of a shared resource
    • Ramirez R.A., Snyder W.E. Scared sick? Predator-pathogen facilitation enhances exploitation of a shared resource. Ecology 2009, 90:2832-2839.
    • (2009) Ecology , vol.90 , pp. 2832-2839
    • Ramirez, R.A.1    Snyder, W.E.2
  • 46
    • 0033966691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity, function and stability in parasitoid communities
    • Rodriguez M.A., Hawkins B.A. Diversity, function and stability in parasitoid communities. Ecology Letters 2000, 3:35-40.
    • (2000) Ecology Letters , vol.3 , pp. 35-40
    • Rodriguez, M.A.1    Hawkins, B.A.2
  • 47
    • 20044378885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of coccinellids to their aphid prey at different spatial scales
    • Schellhorn N.A., Andow D.A. Response of coccinellids to their aphid prey at different spatial scales. Population Ecology 2005, 47:71-76.
    • (2005) Population Ecology , vol.47 , pp. 71-76
    • Schellhorn, N.A.1    Andow, D.A.2
  • 48
    • 38449108157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predator diversity and trophic interactions
    • Schmitz O.J. Predator diversity and trophic interactions. Ecology 2007, 88:2415-2426.
    • (2007) Ecology , vol.88 , pp. 2415-2426
    • Schmitz, O.J.1
  • 50
    • 36849070864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predator biodiversity strengthens herbivore suppression across single- and multiple-prey communities
    • Snyder G.B., Finke D.L., Snyder W.E. Predator biodiversity strengthens herbivore suppression across single- and multiple-prey communities. Biological Control 2008, 44:52-60.
    • (2008) Biological Control , vol.44 , pp. 52-60
    • Snyder, G.B.1    Finke, D.L.2    Snyder, W.E.3
  • 52
    • 0037800367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggregate effects of multiple predator species on a shared prey
    • Sokol-Hessner L., Schmitz O.J. Aggregate effects of multiple predator species on a shared prey. Ecology 2002, 83:2367-2372.
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 2367-2372
    • Sokol-Hessner, L.1    Schmitz, O.J.2
  • 53
    • 23844494709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What makes a successful biocontrol agent? A meta-analysis of biological control agent performance
    • Stiling P., Cornelissen T. What makes a successful biocontrol agent? A meta-analysis of biological control agent performance. Biological Control 2005, 34:236-246.
    • (2005) Biological Control , vol.34 , pp. 236-246
    • Stiling, P.1    Cornelissen, T.2
  • 54
    • 0023504342 scopus 로고
    • Non-random distribution patterns of leaf miners on oak trees
    • Stiling P.D., Simberloff D.S., Anderson L.C. Non-random distribution patterns of leaf miners on oak trees. Oecologia 1987, 73:116-119.
    • (1987) Oecologia , vol.73 , pp. 116-119
    • Stiling, P.D.1    Simberloff, D.S.2    Anderson, L.C.3
  • 55
    • 37749046599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are the conservation of natural enemy biodiversity and biological control compatible goals?
    • Straub C.S., Finke D.L., Snyder W.E. Are the conservation of natural enemy biodiversity and biological control compatible goals?. Biological Control 2008, 45:225-237.
    • (2008) Biological Control , vol.45 , pp. 225-237
    • Straub, C.S.1    Finke, D.L.2    Snyder, W.E.3
  • 56
    • 33644834588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species identity dominates the relationship between predator biodiversity and herbivore suppression
    • Straub C.S., Snyder W.E. Species identity dominates the relationship between predator biodiversity and herbivore suppression. Ecology 2006, 87:277-282.
    • (2006) Ecology , vol.87 , pp. 277-282
    • Straub, C.S.1    Snyder, W.E.2
  • 57
    • 54549118066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing enemy biodiversity strengthens herbivore suppression on two plant species
    • Straub C.S., Snyder W.E. Increasing enemy biodiversity strengthens herbivore suppression on two plant species. Ecology 2008, 89:1605-1615.
    • (2008) Ecology , vol.89 , pp. 1605-1615
    • Straub, C.S.1    Snyder, W.E.2
  • 58
    • 4644224851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Searching clusters of community composition along multiple spatial scales: A case study on aquatic invertebrate communities in bamboo stumps in West Timor
    • Sunahara T., Mogi M. Searching clusters of community composition along multiple spatial scales: A case study on aquatic invertebrate communities in bamboo stumps in West Timor. Population Ecology 2004, 46:149-158.
    • (2004) Population Ecology , vol.46 , pp. 149-158
    • Sunahara, T.1    Mogi, M.2
  • 59
    • 0008290515 scopus 로고
    • Efficiency of three predators Geocoris bullatus, Nabis americoferus, and Coccinella transversoguttata, used alone or in combination against three insect prey species, Myzus persicae, Ceramica picta, and Mamestra configurata, in a greenhouse study
    • Tamaki G., Weeks R.E. Efficiency of three predators Geocoris bullatus, Nabis americoferus, and Coccinella transversoguttata, used alone or in combination against three insect prey species, Myzus persicae, Ceramica picta, and Mamestra configurata, in a greenhouse study. Environmental Entomology 1972, 1:258-263.
    • (1972) Environmental Entomology , vol.1 , pp. 258-263
    • Tamaki, G.1    Weeks, R.E.2
  • 60
    • 0033937257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal and spatial variation of larval parasitism in non-outbreaking populations of a folivorous moth
    • Teder T., Tanhuanpaa M., Ruohomaki K., Kaitaniemi P., Henriksson J. Temporal and spatial variation of larval parasitism in non-outbreaking populations of a folivorous moth. Oecologia 2000, 123:516-524.
    • (2000) Oecologia , vol.123 , pp. 516-524
    • Teder, T.1    Tanhuanpaa, M.2    Ruohomaki, K.3    Kaitaniemi, P.4    Henriksson, J.5
  • 61
    • 0027099224 scopus 로고
    • Cascade effects among four trophic levels: Bird predation on galls affects density-dependent parasitism
    • Tscharntke T. Cascade effects among four trophic levels: Bird predation on galls affects density-dependent parasitism. Ecology 1992, 73:1689-1698.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 1689-1698
    • Tscharntke, T.1
  • 63
  • 64
  • 65
    • 45149118682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resource heterogeneity moderates the biodiversity-function relationship in real world ecosystems
    • Tylianakis J.M., Rand T.A., Kahmen A., Klein A.M., Buchmann N., Perner J., et al. Resource heterogeneity moderates the biodiversity-function relationship in real world ecosystems. PLoS Biology 2008, 6:947-956.
    • (2008) PLoS Biology , vol.6 , pp. 947-956
    • Tylianakis, J.M.1    Rand, T.A.2    Kahmen, A.3    Klein, A.M.4    Buchmann, N.5    Perner, J.6
  • 66
    • 33845689350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity, ecosystem function, and stability of parasitoid host interactions across a tropical habitat gradient
    • Tylianakis J.M., Tscharntke T., Klein A.M. Diversity, ecosystem function, and stability of parasitoid host interactions across a tropical habitat gradient. Ecology 2006, 87:3047-3057.
    • (2006) Ecology , vol.87 , pp. 3047-3057
    • Tylianakis, J.M.1    Tscharntke, T.2    Klein, A.M.3
  • 67
    • 25844468311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple predator effects result in risk reduction for prey across multiple prey densities
    • Vance-Chalcraft H.D., Soluk D.A. Multiple predator effects result in risk reduction for prey across multiple prey densities. Oecologia 2005, 144:472-480.
    • (2005) Oecologia , vol.144 , pp. 472-480
    • Vance-Chalcraft, H.D.1    Soluk, D.A.2
  • 68
    • 77949275183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural enemy diversity reduces temporal variability in wasp but not bee parasitism
    • Veddeler D., Tylianakis J.M., Tscharntke T., Klein A.M. Natural enemy diversity reduces temporal variability in wasp but not bee parasitism. Oecologia 2010, 162:755-762.
    • (2010) Oecologia , vol.162 , pp. 755-762
    • Veddeler, D.1    Tylianakis, J.M.2    Tscharntke, T.3    Klein, A.M.4
  • 69
    • 0001808489 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the insect fauna on Scotch Broom Sarothamnus scoparius (L.) Wimmer. In J. Cragg (Ed.), Advances in Ecological Research. Academic Press, London & New York.
    • Waloff, N. (1968). Studies on the insect fauna on Scotch Broom Sarothamnus scoparius (L.) Wimmer. In J. Cragg (Ed.), Advances in Ecological Research (pp. 87-208). Academic Press, London & New York.
    • (1968) , pp. 87-208
    • Waloff, N.1
  • 70
    • 4944221257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat structural complexity mediates the foraging success of multiple predator species
    • Warfe D.M., Barmuta L.A. Habitat structural complexity mediates the foraging success of multiple predator species. Oecologia 2004, 141:171-178.
    • (2004) Oecologia , vol.141 , pp. 171-178
    • Warfe, D.M.1    Barmuta, L.A.2
  • 71
    • 0034982860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional redundancy in heterogeneous environments: Implications for conservation
    • Wellnitz T., Poff N.L. Functional redundancy in heterogeneous environments: Implications for conservation. Ecology Letters 2001, 4:177-179.
    • (2001) Ecology Letters , vol.4 , pp. 177-179
    • Wellnitz, T.1    Poff, N.L.2
  • 72
    • 0036091257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural enemy diversity and pest control: Patterns of pest emergence and agricultural intensification
    • Wilby A., Thomas M.B. Natural enemy diversity and pest control: Patterns of pest emergence and agricultural intensification. Ecology Letters 2002, 5:353-360.
    • (2002) Ecology Letters , vol.5 , pp. 353-360
    • Wilby, A.1    Thomas, M.B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.