Precise U-Pb baddeleyite ages of mafic dykes and intrusions in southern West Greenland and implications for a possible reconstruction with the Superior craton

Precambrian Research

Volumn 183, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 399-415

  Nilsson, Mimmi K M ^a   Söderlund, Ulf ^a   Ernst, Richard E ^b   Hamilton, Michael A ^c   Scherstén, Anders ^a   Armitage, Paul E B ^d  

^a LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b Ernst Geosciences   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^d Nunaminerals A/S   (Greenland)

Author keywords

Geochronology; Nain; North Atlantic craton; Reconstruction; Superior; U Pb baddeleyite

Indexed keywords

ARCHEAN; ARGON-ARGON DATING; BADDELEYITE; CRATON; DIKE; GEOCHRONOLOGY; IGNEOUS INTRUSION; MAFIC ROCK; RECONSTRUCTION; URANIUM-LEAD DATING;

ARCTIC; GREENLAND; WEST GREENLAND;

EID: 78449300863     PISSN: 03019268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.precamres.2010.07.010     Document Type: Article

References (114)

1. Aftalion, M., Bowes, D.R., Vŕana, S., 1989. Early Carboniferous U-Pb zircon ages for garnetiferous perpotassic granulites, Blanskyó les massif, Czechoslovakia. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Monatshefte 4, 145-152.
2. Amelin Y.V., Heaman L.M., Semenov V.S. U-Pb geochronology of layered mafic intrusions in the eastern Baltic Shield. Precambrian Res. 1995, 75:31-46.
3. Appel P.W.U., Fedo C.M., Moorbath S., Myers J.S. Early Archaean Isua supracrustal belt, West Greenland. Pilot study of the Isua Multidisciplinary Research Project. Geol. Greenland Surv. Bull. 1998, 180:94-99.
4. Bergh S.G., Kullerud K., Corfu F., Armitage P.E.B., Davidsson B., Johansen H.W., Pettersen T., Knudsen S. Low-grade sedimentary rocks on Vanna, North Norway, a new occurrence of a Palaeoproterozoic (2.4-2.2Ga) cover succession in northern Fennoscandia. Norsk Geologisk Tidskrift 2007, 87:301-318.
5. Baadsgaard H. U-Th-Pb dates on zircons from the very early Precambrian Amîtsoq gneisses, Godthaab district, West Greenland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1973, 19:22-28.
6. Bayanova T., Ludden J., Mitrofanov F. Timing and duration of Palaeoproterozoic events producing ore-bearing layered intrusions of the Baltic Shield: metallogenic, petrological and geodynamic implications. Geol. Soc. Lond. 2009, 323:165-198. 10.1144/SP323.8.
7. Berthelsen, A., Henriksen, N., 1975. Geological map of Greenland 1:100,000, Ivigtut 61 V.1 Syd, descriptive text. The orogenic and cratogenic geology of a Precambrian shield area. Geol. Surv. Greenland, Copenhagen, vol. 186 (1), 169 pp.
8. Bleeker W. The later Archean record: a puzzle in ca. 35 pieces. Lithos 2003, 970:99-134.
9. Bleeker W., Ernst R. Short-lived mantle generated magmatic events and their dyke swarms: the key unlocking Earth's paleogeographic record back to 2.6Ga. Dyke Swarms - Time Markers of Crustal Evolution 2006, 3-26. Taylor and Francis/Balkema, London. E. Hanski, S. Mertanen, T. Rämo, J. Vuollo (Eds.).
10. Bleeker W., Hamilton M.A., Ernst R.E., Kulikov V.S. The search for Archean-Paleoproterozoic supercratons: new constraints on Superior-Karelia-Kola correlations within supercraton Superia, including the first ca. 2504Ma (Mistassini) ages from Karelia. Abstract for IGC33 Meeting 2008.
11. Bridgwater D., Escher A., Watterson J. Tectonic displacements and thermal activity in two contrasting Proterozoic mobile belts from Greenland. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 1973, A273:513-533.
12. Bridgwater D., Watson J., Windley B.F. The Archaean craton of the North Atlantic region. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 1973, A273:493-512.
13. Bridgwater D., Austrheim H., Hansen B.T., Mengel F., Pedersen S., Winter J. The Proterozoic Nagssugtoqidian mobile belt of southeast Greenland: a link between the eastern Canadian and Baltic shields. Geosci. Can. 1990, 17:305-310.
14. Buchan, K.L., Ernst, R.E., 2004. Diabase dyke swarms and related units in Canada and adjacent regions. Geological Survey of Canada, Map 2022A (scale 1: 5,000,000) and accompanying notes.
15. Buchan, K.L., Ernst, R.E., Bleeker, W., Davis, W.J., Villeneuve M., van Breemen, O., Hamilton, M., Söderlund, U., 2010. Proterozoic magmatic events of the Slave craton, Wopmay orogen and environs. Geological Survey of Canada Open File 5985.
16. Buchan K.L., Halls H.C., Mortensen J.K. Paleomagnetism, U-Pb geochronology, and geochemistry of Marathon dykes, Superior Province, and comparison with the Fort Frances swarm. Can. J. Earth Sci. 1996, 33:1583-1595.
17. Buchan K.L., Mortensen J.K., Card K.D., Percival J.A. Paleomagnetism and U-Pb geochronology of diabase dike swarms of Minto block, Superior Province, Quebec, Canada. Can. J. Earth Sci. 1998, 35:1069-1954.
18. Cadman A.C., Heaman L.M., Tarney J., Wardle R.J., Krogh T.E. U-Pb geochronology and geochemical variation within two Proterozoic mafic dyke swarms, Labrador. Can. J. Earth Sci. 1993, 30:1490-1504.
19. Cadman A.C., Tarney J., Hamilton M.A. Petrogenetic relationship between Palaeoproterozoic tholeiitic dykes and associated high-Mg noritic dykes, Labrador, Canada. Precambrian Res. 1997, 82:63-84.
20. Chadwick B. Patterns of fracture and dyke intrusion near Frederikshåb, Southwest Greenland. Tectonophysics 1969, 8:247-264.
21. Clark, T., 1984. Géologie de la région du lac Cambrien, Territoire du Nouveau Québec: Ministère de l'Énergie et des Ressources du Québec, ET83-02.
22. Connelly J.N. Constraining the timing of Metamorphism: U-Pb and Sm-Nd ages from a transect across the Northern Torngat Orogen, Labrador. Can. J. Geol. 2001, 109:57-77.
23. Connelly J.N., Ryan B. Age and tectonic implications of Paleoproterozoic granitoid intrusions within the Nain Province near Nain, Labrador. Can. J. Earth Sci. 1999, 36:833-853.
24. Connelly J.N., van Gool J.A.M., Mengel F.C. Temporal evolution of a deeply eroded orogen: the Nagssugtoqidian Orogen, West Greenland. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2000, 37:1121-1142.
25. Connelly J.N., Thrane K., Krawiec A.W., Garde A.A. Linking the Palaeoproterozoic Nagssugtoqidian and Rinkian orogens through the Disko Bugt region of West Greenland. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 2006, 163:319-335.
26. Corfu F. Comment to paper: timing of magmatism and metamorphism in the Gruinard Bay area of the Lewisian Gneiss Complex: comparison with the Assynt Terrane and implications for terrane accretion by G.J. Love, P.D. Kinny Friend, C.R.L. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 2007, 153:483-488. 10.1007/s00410-006r-r0157-5.
27. Crowley J.L. U-Pb geochronology of 3810-3636Ma granitoid rocks south of the Isua greenstone belt, southern West Greenland. Precambrian Res. 2003, 126:235-257. 10.1016/S0301-9268(03)00097-4.
28. Crowley J.L., White R.V., Myers J.S., Dunning G.R. U-Pb geochronology and geologic significance of the two oldest known mafic dyke swarms on Earth; 3659Ma Inaluk dykes and 3490Ma Tarssartoq dykes, southern West Greenland. Atlantic Geol. 2000, 36:2-3.
29. 39Ar ages from the Kaipokok and Aillik domains, Makkovik Province, Labrador: toward a characterization of back-arc processes in the Paleoproterozoic. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2002, 39:749-764. 10.1139/E01-097.
30. Ernst R.E., Bleeker W. Large igneous provinces (LIPs), giant dyke swarms, and mantle plumes: significance for breakup events within Canada and adjacent regions from 2.5Ga to the present. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2010, 47:695-739.
31. Ernst R.E., Buchan K.L. Large mafic magmatic events through time and links to mantle plume heads. Mantle Plumes: Their Identification Through Time 2001, vol. 352:483-575. Geological Society of America Special Paper.
32. Ernst, R.E., Buchan, K.L., 2002. Maximum size and distribution in time and space of mantle plumes: evidence from large igneous provinces. In: Condie, K.C., Abbott, D., Des Marais, D.J. (Eds.), Superplume Events in Earth's History: Causes and Effects. J. Geodynamics 34, 309-342.
33. Escher J.C., Pulvertaft T.C.R. Geological Map of Greenland 1:2:500000 1995, Geol. Surv. Greenland, Copenhagen.
34. Escher A., Escher J.C., Watterson J. The reorientation of the Kangâmiut dyke swarm, West Greenland. Can. J. Earth Sci. 1975, 12:158-173.
35. Frei D., Gerdes A. Precise and accurate in situ U-Pb dating of zircon with high sample throughput by automated LA-SF-ICP-MS. Chem. Geol. 2009, 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.07.025.
36. Friend C.R.L., Kinny P.D. A reappraisal of the Lewisian Gneiss Complex: geochronological evidence for its tectonic assembly from disparate terranes in the Proterozoic. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 2001, 142:198-218. 10.1007/s004100100283.
37. Friend C.R.L., Nutman A.P. Two Archaean granulite-facies metamorphic events in the Nuuk Maniitsoq region, southern West Greenland: correlation with the Saglek block, Labrador. J. Geol. Soc. 1994, 151:421-424.
38. Friend C.R.L., Nutman A.P. New pieces to the Archaean terrane jigsaw puzzle in the Nuuk region, southern West Greenland: steps in transforming a simple insight into a complex regional tectonothermal model. J. Geol. Soc. 2005, 162:147-162.
39. Friend C.R.L., Nutman A.P. Complex 3670-3500Ma orogenic episodes superimposed on juvenile crust accreted between 3850 and 3690Ma, Itsaq gneiss complex, southern West Greenland. J. Geol. 2005, 113:375-397.
40. Friend C.R.L, Nutman A.P., McGregor V.R. Late-Archaean tectonics in the Færingehavn-Tre Brødre area, south of Buksefjorden, southern West Greenland. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 1987, 144:369-376.
41. Friend C.R.L., Nutman A.P., McGregor V.R. Late Archaean terrane accretion in the Godthåb region, southernWest Greenland. Nature 1988, 335:535-538.
42. Friend C.R.L., Nutman A.P., Baadsgaard H., Kinny P.D., McGregor V.R. Timing of late Archaean terrane assembly, crustal thickening and granite emplacement in the Nuuk region, southern West Greenland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1996, 124:353-365.
43. Garde A.A. Thermal granulite-facies metamorphism with diffuse retrogression in Archaean orthogneisses, Fiskefjord, southern West Greenland. J. Met. Geol. 1990, 8:663-682.
44. Garde A.A. Accretion and evolution of an Archean high-grade grey gneiss-amphibolite complex: the Fiskefjord area, southern West Greenland. Geol. Greenland Surv. Bull. 1997, 177:115.
45. Garde A.A., Friend C.R.L., Nutman A.P., Marker M. Rapid maturation and stabilisation of middle Archaean continental crust; the Akia Terrane, southern West Greenland. Bull. Geol. Soc. Denmark 2000, 47:1-27.
46. Garde A.A., Hamilton M.A., Chadwick B., Grocott J., McCaffrey K.J.W. The Ketilidian orogen of South Greenland: geochronology, tectonics, magmatism and fore-arc accretion during Palaeoproterozoic oblique convergence. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2002, 39:765-793. 10.1139/E02-026.
47. Gerdes A., Zeh A. Combined U-Pb and Hf isotope LA-(MC)-ICP-MS analyses of detrital zircons: comparison with SHRIMP and new constraints for the provenance and age of an Armorican metasediment in Central Germany. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 249:47-61.
48. Gill R.C.O., Bridgwater D. The Ameralik dykes of West Greenland, the earliest known basaltic rocks intruding stable continental crust. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1976, 29:276-282.
49. Hall J., Louden K.E., Funck T., Deemer S. Geophysical characteristics of the continental crust along the Lithoprobe Eastern Canadian Shield Onshore-Offshore Transect (ECSOOT): a review. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2002, 39:569-587. 10.1139/E02-005.
50. Hall R.P., Hughes D.J. Noritic dykes of southern Greenland: early Proterozoic boninitic magmatism. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 1987, 97:169-182.
51. Hall R.P., Hughes D.J. Precambrian mafic dykes of southern Greenland. Mafic Dykes and Emplacement Mechanism 1990, 481-495. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. A.J. Parker, P.C. Rickwood, D.H. Tucker (Eds.).
52. Halls H.C., Davis D.W. Paleomagnetism and U-Pb geochronology of the 2.17Ga Biscotasing dyke swarm, Ontario. Canada: evidence for vertical-axis crustal rotation across the Kapuskasing Zone. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2004, 41:255-269.
53. Halls H.C., Davis D.W., Stott G.M., Ernst R.E., Hamilton M.A. The Paleoproterozoic Marathon Large Igneous Province: new evidence for a 2.1Ga long-lived mantle plume event along the southern margin of the North American Superior Province. Precambrian Res. 2008, 162:327-353.
54. Halls H.C., Heaman L.M. The paleomagnetic significance of new U-Pb age data from the Molson dyke swarm, Cauchon Lake area, Manitoba. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2000, 37:957-966.
55. Halls, H.C., Stott, G.M., Davis, D.W., 2005. Paleomagnetism, geochronology and geochemistry of several Proterozoic mafic dike swarms in northwestern Ontario. Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6171, 59 p.
56. Hamilton M.A. Tholeiitic and weakly alkalic basaltic volcanism of the Mugford Group, northern Labrador: preliminary geochemical results. Geol. Surv. Can. Curr. Res. 1994, 1994-C:333-342.
57. Hamilton M.A., Buchan K.B. U-Pb geochronology of the Western Channel Diabase, northwestern Laurentia: implications for a large 1.59Ga magmatic province, Laurentia's APWP and paleocontinental reconstructions of Laurentia, Baltica and Gawler craton of southern Australia. Special Issue Precambrian Res. 2010, 183:463-473.
58. Hamilton M.A., Davis D.W., Buchan K.L., Halls H.C. Precise U-Pb dating of reversely magnetized Marathon diabase dykes and implications for emplacement of giant dyke swarms along the southern margin of the Superior Province, Ontario. Geol. Surv. Can. Curr. Res. 2002, 2002-F6:8.
59. Hamilton M.A., Goutier J., Matthews W. U-Pb baddeleyite age for the Paleoproterozoic Lac Esprit dyke swarm, James Bay region, Quebec. Radiogenic Age and Isotopic Studies, Report 14. Geol. Surv. Can. Curr. Res. 2001, 2001-F5:6.
60. Hamilton M.A., Ryan A.B., Emslie R.F., Ermanovics I.F. Identification of Paleoproterozoic Anorthositic and monzonitic rocks in the vicinity of the Mesoproterozoic Nain Plutonic Suite, Labrador: U-Pb evidence. Radiogenic Age and Isotopic Studies, Report 11. Geol. Surv. Can. Curr. Res. 1998, 1998-F:23-40.
61. Hamilton, M.A., Stott, G.M., 2008. The significance of new U/Pb baddeleyite ages from two Paleoproterozoic diabase dikes in northern Ontario; in Summary of Field Work and Other Activities 2008, Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 6266, pp. 17-1-17-10.
62. Hanmer S., Mengel F., Connelly J., van Gool J. Significance of crustal scale shear zones and synkinematic mafic dikes in the Nagssugtoqidian orogen. SW Greenland. A reexamination. J. Struct. Geol. 1997, 19:59-75.
63. Heaman L.M., Machado N., Krogh T.E., Weber W. Precise U-Pb zircon ages for the Molson dyke swarm and the Fox River sill: constraints for Early Proterozoic crustal evolution in northeastern Manitoba, Canada. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 1986, 94:82-86.
64. Heaman L.M., Tarney J. U-Pb ages for the Scourie dyke swarm, Scotland: evidence for two distinct intrusion events. Nature 1989, 340:705-708.
65. Henriksen N., Higgins A.K., Kalsbeek F., Pulvertaft T.C.R. Geol. Greenland Surv. Bull. 2000, 185:93.
66. Horstwood M.S.A., Foster G.L., Parrish R.R., Noble S.R., Nowell G.M. Common-Pb corrected in situ U-Pb accessory mineral geochronology by LA-MC-ICP-MS. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 2003, 18:837-846.
67. Jackson S., Pearson N.J., Griffin W.L., Belousova E.A. The application of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to in situ U-Pb zircon geochronology. Chem. Geol. 2004, 211:47-69.
68. 238U. Phys. Rev. 1971, 4:1889-1906.
69. James D.T., Kamo S., Krogh T. Evolution of 3.1 and 3.0 Ga volcanic belts and a new thermotectonic model for the Hopedale Block, North Atlantic craton (Canada). Can. J. Earth Sci. 2002, 39:687-710. 10.1139/E01-092.
70. Kalsbeek F., Austrheim H., Bridgwater D., Hansen B.T., Pedersen S., Taylor P.N. Geochronology of Archaean and Proterozoic events in the Ammassalik area, South-East Greenland, and comparisons of the Lewisian of Scotland and the Nagssustoqidian of West Greenland. Precambrian Res. 1993, 62:239-270.
71. Kalsbeek F., Taylor P.N. Age and origin of early Proterozoic dolerite dykes in South-West Greenland. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 1985, 89:307-316.
72. Ketchum J.W.F., Culshaw N.G., Barr S.M. Anatomy and orogenic history of a Paleoproteozoic accretionaary belt: the Makkovik Province, Labrador, Canada. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2002, 39:711-730.
73. Kullerud K., Skjerlie K.P., Corfu F., de la Rosa J.D. The 2. 40 Ga Ringvassoy mafic dykes, West Troms basement complex, Norway; the concluding act of early Palaeoproterozoic continental breakup. Precambrian Res. 2006, 150:183-200.
74. Love G.J., Kinny P.D., Friend C.R.L. Timing of magmatism and metamorphism in the Gruinard Bay area of the Lewisian Gneiss Complex: comparison with the Assynt Terrane and implications for terrane accretion. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 2004, 146:620-636. 10.1007/s00410-003r-r0519-1.
75. Ludwig K.R. Isoplot 3.70. A Geochronological Toolkit for Microsoft Excel 2003, vol. 4. Berkeley Geochronology Center Spec. Pub.
76. Machado N., David J., Scott D.J., Lamothe D., Phillippe S., Gariepy C. U-Pb geochronology of the western Cape Smith Belt, Canada; new insights on the age of initial rifting and arc magmatism. Precambrian Res. 1993, 63:211-223.
77. Mason A.J., Brewer T.S. Mafic dyke remnants in the Lewisian Complex of the Outer Hebrides, NW Scotland: a geochemical record of continental break-up and re-assembly. Precambrian Res. 2004, 133:121-141.
78. Mason A.J., Parrish R.R., Brewer T.S. U-Pb geochronology of Lewisian orthogneisses in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland: implications for the tectonic setting and correlation of the South Harris Complex. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 2004, 161:45-54.
79. Maurice C., David J., O'Neil J., Francis D. Age and tectonic implications of Paleoproterozoic mafic dyke swarms for the origin of 2.2Ga enriched lithosphere beneath the Ungava Peninsula, Canada. Precambrian Res. 2009, 174:163-180.
80. McGregor V.R. The early Precambrian gneisses of the Godthåb district, West Greenland. R. Soc. Lond. Philos. Trans., Ser. A 1973, 273:343-358.
81. McGregor V.R., Friend C.R.L., Nutman A.P. The late Archaean mobile belt through Godthåbsfjord, southern West Greenland: a continent-continent collision zone?. Bull. Geol. Soc. Denmark 1991, 39:179-197.
82. Miki M., Taniguchi A., Yokoyama M., Gouzu C., Hyodo H., Uno K., Zaman H., Otofuji Y.-i. Palaeomagnetism and geochronology of the Proterozoic dolerite dyke from southwest Greenland; indication of low palaeointensity. Geophys. J. Int. 2009, 179:18-34.
83. Myers J.S. The East Greenland Nagssugtoqidian mobile belt compared with the Lewisian complex. Evolution of the Lewisian and Comparable Precambrian High Grade Terrains 1987, vol. 27:235-246. Geol. Soc. London, Spec. Publ.
84. Nielsen T.F.D. Mafic dyke swarms in Greenland; a review. Mafic Dyke Swarms; A Collection of Papers Based on the Proceedings of an International Conference. Special Paper 34, Geological Association of Canada 1987, 349-360. C. Halls Henry, F. Fahrig Walter (Eds.).
85. Nutman A.P., Hagiya H., Maruyama S. SHRIMP U-Pb single zircon geochronology of a Proterozoic mafic dyke, Isukasia, southern West Greenland. Bull. Geol. Soc. Denmark 1995, 42:17-22.
86. Nutman A.P., Friend C.R.L. Adjacent terranes with ca. 2715 and 2650Ma high-pressure metamorphic assemblages in the Nuuk region of the North Atlantic Craton, southern West Greenland: Complexities of Neoarchaean collisional orogeny. Precambrian Res. 2007, 155:159-203.
87. Nutman A.P., Bridgwater D., Dimroth E., Gill R.C.O., Rosing M. Early (3700Ma) Archaean rocks of the Isua supracrustal belt and adjacent gneisses. Rapport Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse 1983, 112:5-22.
88. Nutman A.M., Bridgwater D., Fryer B.J. The iron-rich suite from the Amîtsoq gneisses of southern West Greenland: early Archaean plutonic rocks of mixed crustal and mantle origin. Contrib. Miner. Petrol. 1984, 87:24-34.
89. Nutman A.P., Friend C.R.L., Bennett V.C., McGregor V.R. Dating of the Ameralik dyke swarms of the Nuuk district, southern West Greenland: mafic intrusion events starting from c. 3510Ma. J. Geol. Soc. 2004, 161:421-430.
90. Nutman A.P., Kalsbeek F., Friend C.R.L. The Nagssugtoqidian orogen in South-East Greenland: Evidence for Paleoproterozoic collision and plate assembly. Am. J. Sci. 2008, 308:529-572. 10.2475/04.2008.06.
91. Nutman A.P., Kalsbeek F., Marker M., van Gool J., Bridgwater D. U-Pb zircon ages of Kangâmiut dykes and detrital zircons in metasediments in the Palaeoproterozoic Nagssugtoqidian Orogen (West Greenland); clues to the pre-collisional history of the orogen. Precambrian Res. 1999, 93:87-104.
92. Papunen H. Proterozoic reactivation of the margin of the Fennoscandian Archean craton In: The northern margin of the Southern Province of the Canadian Shield. The Canadian Mineralogist. Program Abstr. 1995, 33:938-940.
93. Parrish R.R. U-Pb geochronology of the Cape Smith Belt and Sugluk block, northern Quebec. Geosci. Can. 1989, 16:126-130.
94. Ramberg H. On the petrogenesis of the geniss complexes between Sukkertoppen and Christianshaab, West Greenland. Meddelelser fra Dansk Geologisk Forening 1949, 11:312-327.
95. Roest W.R., Srivastava S.P. Sea-floor spreading in the Labrador Sea: a new reconstruction. Geology 1989, 17:1000-1003.
96. Söderlund U., Hofmann A., Klausen M.B., Olsson J.R., Ernst R.E. Towards a complete magmatic barcode for the Zimbabwe craton: Baddeleyite U-Pb dating of regional dolerite dike swarms and sill complexes. Precambrian Res. 2010, 183:388-398.
97. 2). Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2002, 3:1014. 10.1029/2001GC000212.
98. St-Onge M.R., van Gool J.A.M., Garde A.A., Scott D.J. Correlation of Archaean and Palaeoproterozoic units between northeastern Canada and western Greenland: constraining the pre-collisional upper plate accretionary history of the Trans-Hudson orogen. Earth Accretionary Systems in Space and Time 2009, vol. 318:193-235. Geological Society Special Publications.
99. Stacey J.S., Kramers J.D. Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two-stage model. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1975, 26:207-221.
100. Taylor P.N., Moorbath S., Goodwin R., Petrykowski A.C. Crustal contamination as an indicator of the extent of early Archaean continental crust; Pb isotopic evidence from the late Archaean gneisses of West Greenland. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1980, 44:1437-1454.
101. Turcotte D.L., Emermen S.H. Mechanisms of active and passive rifting. Tectonophysics 1983, 94:39-50.
102. van Gool J.A.M., Connelly J.N., Marker M., Mengel F.C. The Nagssugtoqidian Orogen of West Greenland: tectonic evolution and regional correlations from a West Greenland perspective. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2002, 39:665-686. 10.1139/E02-027.
103. van Gool, J.A.M., Garde, A.A., Larsen, L.M., 2004. Correlation of Precambrian geology in Labrador and southern Greenland. Danmarks og Grønlands Geologiske Undersøgelse Rapport, 2004/29.
104. Van Kranendonk M.J., Wardle R.J. Burwell domain of the Palaeoproterozoic Torngat Orogen, northeastern Canada: tilted cross-section of a magmatic arc caught between a rock and a hard place. Precambrian Crustal Evolution in the North Atlantic Region 1996, 91-115. Geological Society Special Publication, no. 112. T.S. Brewer (Ed.).
105. Vuollo J., Huhma H. Paleoproteozoic mafic dikes in NE Finland. Precambrian Geology of Finland: Key to the Evolution of the Fennoscandian Shield 2005, 195-236. Elsevier, Amsterdam. M. Lehtinen, P.A. Numi, T. Rämö (Eds.).
106. Walsh G.J., Aleinikoff J.N., Benziane F., Yazidi A., Armstrong T.R. U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Paleoproterozoic Tagragra de Tata inlier and its Neoproterozoic cover, western Anti-Atlas, Morocco. Precambrian Res. 2002, 117:1-20.
107. Wardle R.J., James D.T., Scott D.J., Hall J. The southeastern Churchill Province: a synthesis of a Paleoproterozoic transpressional orogen. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2002, 39:639-663. 10.1139/E02-004.
108. Wasteneys H.A., Wardle R.J., Krogh T.E. Extrapolation of tectonic boundaries across the Labrador Shelf: U-Pb geochronology of well samples. Can. J. Earth Sci. 1996, 33:1308-1324.
109. Wells P.R.A. Chemical and thermal evolution of Archaean sialic crust. southern West Greenland. J. Petrol. 1979, 20:187-226.
110. Wells P.R.A. Thermal models for the magmatic accretion and subsequent metamorphism of continental crust. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1980, 46:253-265.
111. White R.V., Crowley J.L., Myers J.S. Earth's oldest well-preserved mafic dyke swarms in the vicinity of the Isua greenstone belt, southern West Greenland. Geol. Greenland Surv. Bull. 2000, 186:65-72.
112. 39Ar geochronological constraints on the Kangâmiut dikes, West Greenland. Geology 1999, 27:775-778.
113. Wirth K.R., Vervoort J.D., Heaman L.M. Nd isotopic constraints on mantle and crustal contributions to 2.08Ga diabase dykes of the southern Superior Province. Third International Dyke Conference Jerusalem, Israel; Program and Abstracts 1995, 84.
114. Wright A.E., Tarney J., Palmer K.E., Moorlock B.S.P., Skinner A.C. The geology of the Angmagssalik area, East Greenland and possible relationships with the Lewisian of Scotland. The Early Precambrian of Scotland and Related Rocks of Greenland 1973, 157-177. Birmingham Univ. Press, Birmingham. R.G. Park, J. Tarney (Eds.).