Significance of crustal-scale shear zones and synkinematic mafic dykes in the Nagssugtoqidian orogen, SW Greenland: A re-examination

Journal of Structural Geology

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 59-75

  Hanmer, Simon ^a   Mengel, Flemming ^b   Connelly, James ^c   Van Gool, Jeroen ^b  

^a GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA   (Canada)

^b DANISH LITHOSPHERE CENTRE   (Denmark)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GEOMETRY; KINEMATICS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; RHEOLOGY; ROCK MECHANICS; SHEAR DEFORMATION; STRAIN; VORTEX FLOW;

CRUSTAL SCALE SHEAR ZONES; GREENLAND; NAGSSUGTOQIDIAN OROGEN; STRAIN LOCALIZATION; SYNKINEMATIC MAFIC DYKES;

TECTONICS;

EID: 0030784997     PISSN: 01918141     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0191-8141(96)00078-8     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Allaart, J. H. (1982). Geological Map of Greenland, Sheet 2, Frederikshaab Isblink-Sonder Stromfjord. Geological Survey of Greenland, 1:500,000.
2. Baer, G. and Beyth, M. (1990) A mechanism of dyke segmentation in fractured host rock. In Mafic Dykes and Emplacement Mechanisms, ed. Parker, A. J., Rickwood, P. C. and Tucker, D. H., pp. 3-11. Balkema, Rotterdam.
3. Bak, J., Korstgård, J. A. and Sørensen, K. (1975) A major shear zone within the Nagssugtoqidian of West Greenland. Tectonophysics 27, 191-209.
4. Bak, J., Grocott, J., Korstgård, J., Nash, D., Sørensen, K. and Watterson, J. (1975) Tectonic implications of Precambrian shear belts in western Greenland. Nature 254, 566-569.
5. Berthelsen, A. and Bridgwater, D. (1960) On the field occurrence and petrography of some basic dykes of supposed Precambrian age. Meddelelser on Gronland, udgivne af Kommissionen for Videnskabelige Undersogelser i Gronland 123, 43.
6. Bottinga, Y. (1994) Rheology and rupture of homogeneous silicate liquids at magmatic temperatures. Journal of Geophysical Research 99, 9415-9422.
7. Bridgwater, D., Escher, A. and Watterson, J. (1973) Dyke swarms and the persistence of major geological boundaries in Greenland. In The Early Precambrian of Scotland and Related Rocks of Greenland, ed. R. G. Park and J. Tarney, pp. 137-141. University of Keele, Keele.
8. Bridgwater, D., Mengel, F., Fryer, B., Wagner, P. and Hansen, S. C. (1995) Early Proterozoic mafic dykes in the North Atlantic and Baltic cratons: field setting and chemistry of distinctive dyke swarms. In Early Precambrian Processes, Geological Society Special Publication, ed. M. P. Coward and A. C. Ries, pp. 193-210. Geological Society, London.
9. Burgmann, R. and Pollard, D. D. (1992) Influence of the state of stress on the brittle-ductile transition in granitic rock: Evidence from fault steps in the Sierra Nevada, California. Geology 20, 645-648.
10. Cobbold, P. R., Cosgrove, J. W. and Summers, J. M. (1971) Development of internal structures in deformed anisotropic rocks. Tectonophysics 12, 23-53.
11. Davidson, A. (1984) Identification of ductile shear zones in the southwestern Grenville Province of the Canadian Shield. In Precambrian Tectonics Illustrated, ed. A. Kroner and R. Greiling, pp. 207-235. E.Schweitz. Verlags, Stuttgart.
12. Delaney, P. T., Pollard, D. D., Ziony, J. I. and McKee, E. H. (1986) Field relations betwen dykes and joints: emplacement processes and paleostress analysis. Journal of Geophysical Research 91, 4920-4938.
13. Escher, A. (1970) The general structural pattern of the Nagssugtoqidian orogenic complex between Sondre Stromfjord and Jakobshaven, West Greenland. In Colloquium on Nagssugtoqidian Geology, Geological Institute, Aarhus University, Aarhus University, Copenhagen, pp. 4-8.
14. Escher, A. (1971) Geological Map of Greenland, Sheet 3, Sonder Stromfjord-Nugssuak. Geological Survey of Greenland, 1:500,000.
15. Escher, A., Escher, J. C. and Watterson, J. (1975) The reorientation of the Kangâmiut dyke swarm, West Greenland. Canadian Journal of Earth Science 12, 158-173.
16. Escher, A., Sørensen, K. and Zeck, H. P. (1976a) Nagssugtoqidian mobile belt in West Greenland. In Geology of Greenland, ed. A. Escher and W. S. Watt, pp. 76-95. The Geological Survey of Greenland, Copenhagen.
17. Escher, A., Jack, S. and Watterson, J. (1976b) Tectonics of the North Atlantic Proterozoic dyke swarm. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London A280, 529-539.
18. Gilbert, L. E., Scholz, C. H. and Beavan, J. (1994) Strain localisation along the San Andreas fault: Consequences for loading mechanisms. Journal of Geophysical Research 99, 23975-23984.
19. Grocott, J. (1977) The relationship between Precambrian shear belts and modern fault systems. Journal of Geological Society London 133, 257-262.
20. Grocott, J. (1979a) Controls of metamorphic grade in shear belts. Rapport Gronlands geologiske Undersogelse 89, 47-62.
21. Grocott, J. (1979b) Shape fabrics and superimposed simple shear strain in a Precambrian shear belt, W. Greenland. Journal of Geological Society London 136, 471-488.
22. Grocott, J. (1981) Fracture geometry of pseudotachylite generation zones: a study of shear fractures formed during seismic events. Journal of Structural Geology 3, 169-178.
23. Grocott, J. and Watterson, J. (1980) Strain profile of a boundary within a large ductile shear zone. Journal of Structural Geology 2, 111-118.
24. Hanmer, S. (1988a) Great Slave Lake Shear Zone, Canadian Shield: reconstructed vertical profile of a crustal-scale fault zone. Tectonophysics 149, 245-264.
25. Hanmer, S. (1988b) Ductile thrusting at mid-crustal level, southwestern Grenville Province. Canadian Journal of Earth Science 25, 1049-1059.
26. Hanmer, S. (1990) Natural rotated inclusions in non-ideal shear. Tectonophysics 176, 245-255.
27. Hanmer, S. and Connelly, J. N. (1986) Mechanical role of the syntectonic Laloche batholith in the Great Slave Lake shear zone, District of Mackenzie, NWT; Current Research, Geological Survey of Canada Paper 86-1B, 811-826.
28. Hanmer, S. and Passchier, C. W. (1991) Shear-sense indicators: a review. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 90-17, 72pp.
29. Hanmer, S. and Scott, D. J. (1990) Structural observations in the Gilbert River belt, Grenville Province, southeastern Labrador. Geological Survey of Canada Paper 90-1C, 1-12.
30. Hanmer, S., Williams, M. and Kopf, C. (1995) Modest movements, spectacular fabrics in an intracontinental deep-crustal strike-slip fault: Striding-Athabasca mylonite zone, NW Canadian Shield. Journal of Structural Geology 17, 493-507.
31. Harris, L. B. and Cobbold, P. R. (1985) Development of conjugate shear bands during bulk simple shearing. Journal of Structural Geology 7, 37-44.
32. Hickman, M. H. (1979) An Rb-Sr age and isotope study of the Ikertôq, Nordre Stromfjord, and Evighedsfjord shear belt, West Greenland - outline and preliminary results. Rapport Gronlands geologiske Undersogelse 89, 125-128.
33. Hickman, M. H. and Glassley, W. E. (1984) The role of metamorphic fluid transport in the Rb-Sr isotopic resetting of shear zone: evidence from Nordre Stromfjord, West Greenland. Contributions to Mineralogy & Petrology 87, 265-281.
34. Ingles, J. (1986) Terminations of ductile shear zones. Tectonophysics 127, 87-95.
35. James, P. R., MacDonald, P. and Parker, M. (1989) Strain and displacement in the Harts Range Detachment Zone: a structural study of the Bruna Gneiss from the western margin of the Entia Dome, central Australia. Tectonophysics 158, 23-48.
36. Kalsbeek, F. (1979) Rb-Sr isotope evidence on the age of the Nagssugtoqidian orogeny in West Greenland, with remarks on the use of the term 'Nagssugtoqidian'. Rapport Gronlands geologiske Undersogelse 89, 129-131.
37. Kalsbeek, F., Bridgwater, D. and Zeck, H. P. (1978) A 1950±60 Ma Rb-Sr whole-rock isochron age from two Kangâmiut dykes and the timing of the Nagssugtoqidian (Hudsonian) orogeny in West Greenland. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 15, 1122-1128.
38. Korstgård, J., Ryan, B. and Wardle, R. (1987) The boundary between Proterozoic and Archean crustal blocks in central West Greenland and northern Labrador. Geological Society London Special Publication 27, 247-259.
39. Korstgård, J. A. (1979a) Metamorphism of the Kangâmiut dykes and the metamorphic and structural evolution of the southern Nagssugtoqidian boundary in the Itivdleq-Ikertôq region, West Greenland. Rapport Gronlands geologiske Undersogelse 89, 63-75.
40. Korstgård, J. A. (1979b) Nagssugtoqidian Geology. Rapport Gronlands geologiske Undersogelse 89.
41. Kroner, A., Kehelpannala, K. V. W. and Kriegsman, L. M. (1994) Origin of compositional layering and mechanism of crustal thickening in the high-grade gneiss terrane of Sri Lanka. Precambrian Research 66, 21-37.
42. Larsen, L. M. and Rex, D. C. (1992) A review of the 2500 Ma span of alkaline-ultramafic, potassic and carbonatitic magmatism in West Greenland. Lithos 28, 367-402.
43. Lemiszki, P. J. and Brown, L. D. (1988) Variable crustal structure of strike-slip fault zones as observed on deep seismic reflection profiles. Bulletin of Geological Society America 100, 665-676.
44. Lister, G. S. and Williams, P. F. (1983) The partitioning of deformation in flowing rock masses. Tectonophysics 92, 1-33.
45. Logan, J. M., Dengo, C. A., Higgs, N. G. and Wang, Z. Z. (1992) Fabrics of experimental fault zones: their development and relationship to mechanical behaviour. In Fault Mechanics and Transport Properties of Rocks: a Festschrift in Honor of W. F. Brace, eds B. Evans and T. F. Wong, pp. 33-67. Academic Press.
46. Marker, M., Mengel, F. and van Gool, J. (1995) Introduction to the Paleoproterozoic Nagssugtoqidian orogen: Danish Lithosphere Centre investigations in West Greenland 1994. Proceedings of the First DLC Workshop on the Nagssugtoqidian Orogen in West Greenland 1, 3-9.
47. McLelland, J. M., Chiarenzelli, J. and Perham, A. (1992) Age, field, and petrological relationships of the Hyde School Gneiss, Adirondack Lowlands, New York: Criteria for an intrusive origin. Journal of Geology 100, 69-90.
48. Means, W. D., Hobbs, B. E., Lister, G. S. and Williams, P. F. (1980) Vorticity and non-coaxiality in progressive deformations. Journal of Structural Geology, 2, 371-378.
49. Mengel, F. and Connelly, J. N. (1995) The northern margin of the Nordre Stromfjord steep belt: nature and extent of Proterozoic deformation and metamorphism. Danish Lithosphere Centre, Report on 1995 - fieldwork in the Nagssugtoqidian Orogen in West Greenland 1, 52-53.
50. Myers, J. S. (1984) The Nagssugtoqidian mobile belt of Greenland. In Precambrian Tectonics Illustrated, ed. A. Kroner and R. Greiling, pp. 237-250. E. Schweitz. Verlags, Stuttgart.
51. Nadeau, L. and Hanmer, S. (1992) Deep-crustal break-back stacking and slow exhumation of the continental footwall beneath a thrusted marginal basin, Grenville orogen, Canada. Tectonophysics 210, 215-233.
52. Nash, D. (1979) Nagssugtoqidian tectonics at the western end of the Itivdleq shear zone, West Greenland. Rapport Gronlands geologiske Undersogelse 89, 43-46.
53. Nash, D. (1979) An interpretation of irregular dyke forms in the Itivdleq shear zone, West Greenland. Rapport Gronlands geologiske Undersogelse 89, 77-83.
54. Nicholson, R. and Ejiofor, I. B. (1987) The three-dimensional morphology of arrays of echelon and sigmoidal, mineral-filled fractures: data from north Cornwall. Journal of Geological Society London 144, 79-83.
55. Nicholson, R. and Pollard, D. D. (1985) Dilation and linkage of echelon cracks. Journal of Structural Geology 7, 583-590.
56. Noe-Nygaard, A. (1952) A new orogenic epoch in the Precambrian of Greenland. Report, 18th International Geological Congress, G.B. 13, 199-204.
57. Olesen, N. O., Korstgård, J. A. and Sørensen, K. (1979) A summary of lithology and structure within the Agto map sheet (67 V.1 Nord), Nagssugtoqidian mobile belt, West Greenland. Rapport Gronlands geologiske Undersogelse 89, 19-22.
58. Olson, J. E. and Pollard, D. D. (1991) The initiation and growth of en échelon veins. Journal of Structural Geology 13, 595-608.
59. Park, R. G. (1994) Early Proterozoic tectonic overview of the northern British Isles and neighbouring terrains in Laurentia and Baltica. Precambrian Research 68, 65-79.
60. Ramberg, H. (1948) On the petrogenesis of the gneiss complexes between Sukkertoppen and Christianshaab, West Greenland. Meddeleserfra Dansk Geologish Forening 11, 312-327.
61. Ramsay, J. G. (1980) Shear zone geometry: a review. Journal of Structural Geology 2, 83-99.
62. Reches, Z. (1983) Faulting of rocks in three-dimensional strain fields II. Theoretical analysis. Tectonophysics 95, 133-156.
63. Robin, P. Y. F. and Cruden, A. R. (1994) Strain and vorticity patterns in ideally ductile transpression zones. Journal of Structural Geology 16, 447-466.
64. Sanderson, D. J. and Marchini, W. R. D. (1984) Transpression. Journal of Structural Geology 6, 449-458.
65. Saucier, F., Humphreys, E. and Welldon, R. (1992) Stress near geometrically complex strike-slip faults: application to the San Andreas Fault at Cajon Pass, Southern California. Journal of Geophysical Research 97, 5081-5094.
66. Segall, P. and Pollard, D. D. (1980) The mechanics of discontinuous faults. Journal of Geophysical Research 85, 4337-4354.
67. Segall, P. and Simpson, C. (1986) Nucleation of ductile shear zones on dilatant fractures. Geology 14, 56-59.
68. Sibson, R. H. (1977) Fault rocks and fault mechanisms. Journal of Geological Society London 133, 191-213.
69. Sibson, R. H. (1983) Continental fault structure and the shallow earthquake source. Journal of Geological Society London 140, 741-767.
70. Simpson, C. (1983) Displacement and strain patterns from naturally occurring shear zone terminations. Journal of Structural Geology 5, 497-506.
71. Sørensen, K. (1983) Growth dynamics of the Nordre Stromfjord Shear Zone. Journal of Geophysical Research 88, 3419-3437.
72. Sørensen, K. and Winter, J. D. (1989) Deformation and mass transport in the Nordre Stromfjord shear zone, West Greenland. In Fluid Movements - Element Transport and the Composition of the Deep Crust, ed. D. Bridgwater, pp. 171-186. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
73. Talbot, C. J. and Sokoutis, D. (1992) The importance of incompetence. Geology 20, 951-953.
74. Treagus, S. H. (1983) A theory of finite strain variation through contrasting layers and its bearing on cleavage refraction. Journal of Structural Geology 5, 351-368.
75. Treagus, S. H. (1988) Strain refraction in layered systems. Journal of Structural Geology 10, 517-527.
76. Van Kranendonk, M. J., St-Onge, M. R. and Henderson, J. R. (1993) Paleoproterozoic tectonic assembly of Northeast Laurentia through multiple indentations. Precambrian Research 63, 325-347.
77. Watterson, J. (1978) Proterozoic intraplate deformation in the light of South-east Asian neotectonics. Nature 273, 636-640.