Dichotomy between luminance and disparity features at binocular fixations

Journal of Vision

Volumn 10, Issue 12, 2010, Pages 1-17

  Liu, Yang ^a   Cormack, Lawrence K ^b   Bovik, Alan C ^a  

^a The University of Texas at Austin   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

Author keywords

Eye tracking; Fixation; Natural scenes; Stereopsis

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; BINOCULAR VISION; DEPTH PERCEPTION; EQUIPMENT; EYE FIXATION; EYE MOVEMENT; HUMAN; ILLUMINATION; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PHOTOSTIMULATION; PHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOPHYSICS; THEORETICAL MODEL;

ALGORITHMS; EYE MOVEMENTS; FIXATION, OCULAR; HUMANS; LIGHTING; MALE; MODELS, THEORETICAL; PHOTIC STIMULATION; PSYCHOPHYSICS; VISION DISPARITY; VISION, BINOCULAR;

EID: 78449231262     PISSN: None     EISSN: 15347362     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1167/10.12.23     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Akeley, K., Watt, S., Girshick, A., & Banks, M. (2004). A stereo display prototype with multiple focal distances. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 23, 804, 813.
2. Anzai, A., Ohzawa, I., & Freeman, R. D. (1999). Neural mechanisms for processing binocular information VII. Complex cells. Journal of Neurophysiology, 82, 909-924.
3. Backus, B. T., Fleet, D. J., Parker, A. J., & Heeger, D. J. (2001). Human cortical activity correlates with stereoscopic depth perception. Journal of Neurophysiology, 86, 2054-2068.
4. Brouwer, G. J., van Ee, R., & Schwarzbach, J. (2005). Activation in visual cortex correlates with the awareness of stereoscopic depth. Journal of Neuroscience, 25, 10403-10413.
5. Brown, M., Burschka, D., & Hager, G. (2003). Advances in computational stereo. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 25, 993-1008.
6. Burt, P., & Julesz, B. (1980). A disparity gradient limit for binocular fusion. Science, 208, 615-617.
7. Cisarik, P. M., & Harwerth, R. S. (2008). The effects of interocular correlation and contrast on stereoscopic depth magnitude estimation. Optometry and Vision Science: Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry, 85, 164-173.
8. Cormack, L. K., Stevenson, S. B., & Schor, C. M. (1991). Interocular correlation, luminance contrast and cyclopean processing. Vision Research, 31, 2195-2207.
9. Filippini, H. R., & Banks, M. S. (2009). Limits of stereopsis explained by local cross-correlation. Journal of Vision, 9(1):8, 1-18, http://www.journalofvision.org/content/9/1/8, doi:10.1167/9.1.8.
10. Fleet, D. J., Wagner, H., & Heeger, D. J. (1996). Neural encoding of binocular disparity: Energy models, position shifts and phase shifts. Vision Research, 36, 1839-1857.
11. Georgieva, S., Peeters, R., Kolster, H., Todd, J. T., & Orban, G. A. (2009). The processing of three dimensional shape from disparity in the human brain. Journal of Neuroscience, 29, 727-742.
12. Girshick, A., Burge, J., Erlikhman, G., & Banks, M. (2008). Prior expectations in slant perception: Has the visual system internalized natural scene geometry? Paper presented at the VSS 2008, Naples, FL.
13. Harris, J. M., McKee, S. P., & Smallman, H. S. (1997). Fine-scale processing in human binocular stereopsis. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision, 14, 1673-1683.
14. Hayhoe, M., & Ballard, D. (2005). Eye movements in natural behavior. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 188-194.
15. Hoffman, D. M., Girshick, A. R., Akeley, K., & Banks, M. S. (2008). Vergence-accommodation conflicts hinder visual performance and cause visual fatigue. Journal of Vision, 8(3):33, 1-30, http://www.journalofvision.org/content/8/3/33, doi:10.1167/8.3.33.
16. Hoyer, P. O., & Hyvärinen, A. (2000). Independent component analysis applied to feature extraction from colour and stereo images. Network Computation in Neural Systems, 11, 191-210.
17. Jansen, L., Onat, S., & König, P. (2009). Influence of disparity on fixation and saccades in free viewing of natural scenes. Journal of Vision, 9(1):29, 1-19, http://www.journalofvision.org/content/9/1/29, doi:10.1167/9.1.29.
18. Judd, T., Ehinger, K., Durand, F., & Torralba, A. (2009). Learning to predict where humans look. Paper presented at the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV).
19. Kayser, C., Nielsen, K., & Logothetis, N. (2006). Fixations in natural scenes: Interaction of image structure and image content. Vision Research, 46, 2545, 2535.
20. Liu, Y., Bovik, A. C., & Cormack, L. K. (2008). Disparity statistics in natural scenes. Journal of Vision, 8(11):19, 1-14, http://www.journalofvision.org/content/8/11/19, doi:10.1167/8.11.19.
21. Liu, Y., Cormack, L. K., & Alan C. Bovik. (2007). Disparity statistics at point of gaze in 3D natural scenes [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 7(9):827, 827a, http://www.journalofvision.org/content/7/9/827, doi:10.1167/7.9.827.
22. Mannan, S. K., Ruddock, K. H., & Wooding, D. S. (1997). Fixation sequences made during visual examination of briefly presented 2D images. Spatial Vision, 11, 157-178.
23. Mitchell, D. E. (1966). A review of the concept of "Panum's fusional areas". Optometry and Vision Science, 43, 387-401.
24. Najemnik, J., & Geisler, W. S. (2005). Optimal eye movement strategies in visual search. Nature, 434, 387-391.
25. Ohzawa, I., DeAngelis, G., & Freeman, R. (1990). Stereoscopic depth discrimination in the visual cortex: Neurons ideally suited as disparity detectors. Science, 249, 1037-1041.
26. Palmer, D. A. (1961). Measurement of the horizontal extent of Panum's area by a method of constant stimuli. Journal of Modern Optics, 8, 151.
27. Parkhurst, D. J., & Niebur, E. (2003). Scene content selected by active vision. Spatial Vision, 16, 125-154.
28. Parkhurst, D. J., & Niebur, E. (2004). Texture contrast attracts overt visual attention in natural scenes. European Journal of Neuroscience, 19, 783-789.
29. Qian, N. (1994). Computing stereo disparity and motion with known binocular cell properties. Neural Computation, 6, 390-404.
30. Raj, R., Geisler, W. S., Frazor, R. A., & Bovik, A. C. (2005). Contrast statistics for foveated visual systems: Fixation selection by minimizing contrast entropy. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision, 22, 2039-2049.
31. Rajashekar, U., Bovik, A. C., & Cormack, L. K. (2006). Visual search in noise: Revealing the influence of structural cues by gaze-contingent classification image analysis. Journal of Vision, 6(4):7, 379-386, http://www.journalofvision.org/content/6/4/7, doi:10.1167/6.4.7.
32. Rajashekar, U., van der Linde, I., Bovik, A. C., & Cormack, L. K. (2007). Foveated analysis of image features at fixations. Vision Research, 47, 3160-3172.
33. Rajashekar, U., van der Linde, I., Bovik, A. C., & Cormack, L. K. (2008). GAFFE: A gaze-attentive fixation finding engine. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing: A Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society, 17, 564-573.
34. Reinagel, P., & Zador, A. (1999). Natural scene statistics at the centre of gaze. Network: Computation in Neural Systems, 10, 341-350.
35. Rohaly, A. M., & Wilson, H. R. (1999). The effects of contrast on perceived depth and depth discrimination. Vision Research, 39, 9-18.
36. Scharstein, D., & Szeliski, R. (2002). A Taxonomy and evaluation of dense two-frame stereo correspondence algorithms. International Journal of Computerized Vision, 47, 7-42.
37. Tatler, B. W. (2007). The central fixation bias in scene viewing: Selecting an optimal viewing position independently of motor biases and image feature distributions. Journal of Vision, 7(14):4, 1-17, http://www.journalofvision.org/content/7/14/4, doi:10.1167/ 7.14.4.
38. Tatler, B. W., Baddeley, R. J., & Gilchrist, I. D. (2005). Visual correlates of fixation selection: Effects of scale and time. Vision Research, 45, 643-659.
39. Tootell, R. B., Hamilton, S. L., Silverman, M. S., & Switkes, E. (1988). Functional anatomy of macaque striate cortexVI. Ocular dominance, binocular interactions, and baseline conditions. Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 8, 1500-1530.
40. Wick, B. (1985). Forced vergence fixation disparity curves at distance and near in an asymptomatic young adult population. American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics, 62, 591-599.
41. Yabus, A. (1967). Eye movement and vision. New York: Plenum Press.