Detecting young, slow-slipping active faults by geologic and multidisciplinary high-resolution geophysical investigations: A case study from the Apennine seismic belt, Italy

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Volumn 115, Issue 11, 2010, Pages

  Improta, L ^a   Ferranti, L ^b   De Martini, P M ^a   Piscitelli, S ^c   Bruno, P P ^d   Burrato, P ^a   Civico, R ^a   Giocoli, A ^c   Iorio, M ^e   D'Addezio, G ^a   Maschio, L ^b  

^a ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI GEOFISICA E VULCANOLOGIA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

^c CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche   (Italy)

^d OSSERVATORIO VESUVIANO   (Italy)

^e CNR   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTIVE FAULT; COMPLEX TERRAIN; COSEISMIC PROCESS; DEFORMATION; FAULT ZONE; GEOMORPHOLOGY; GEOPHYSICS; NORMAL FAULT; PALEOSEISMICITY; SEISMOLOGY; SLIP RATE; TECTONIC SETTING;

APENNINES; ITALY;

AQUILA;

EID: 78249263553     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2010JB000871     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Ahmad, J., D. R. Schmitt, C. D. Rokosh, and J. G. Pawlowicz (2009), High-resolution seismic and resistivity profiling of a buried Quaternary subglacial valley: Northern Alberta, Canada, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 121, 1570-1583, doi:10.1130/B26305.1.
2. Ascione, A., A. Cinque, L. Improta, and F. Villani (2003), Late Quaternary faulting within the Southern Apennines seismic belt: New data from Mt. Marzano area (Southern Italy), Quaternary Int., 101-102, 27-41, doi:10.1016/S1040-6182 (02) 00127-1.
3. Bagnaia, R., A. D'Epifanio, and S. Sylos Labini (1992), Aquila and Subequan basins: An example of Quaternary evolution in central Apennines, Italy, Quat. Nova, 2, 187-209.
4. Barchi, M., A. Amato, G. Cippitelli, S. Merlini, and P. Montone (2007), Extensional tectonics and seismicity in the axial zone of the Southern Apennines, Boll. Soc. Geol. It., 7, 47-56.
5. Benedetti, L., P. Tapponier, G. C. P. King, and L. Piccardi (1998), Surface rupture of the 1857 southern Italian earthquake, Terra Nova, 10(4), 206-210, doi:10.1046/j.1365-3121.1998.00189.x. (Pubitemid 29231268)
6. Boenzi, F., D. Capolongo, G. Cecaro, E. D'Andrea, S. I. Giano, M. Lazzari, and M. Schiattarella (2004), Evoluzione geomorfologica polifasica e tassi di sollevamento del bordo sud-occidentale dell'alta Val d'Agric. (Appennino meridionale), Boll. Soc. Geol. It., 123, 357-372.
7. Boncio, P., G. Lavecchia, and B. Pace (2004), Defining a model of 3D seismogenic sources for Seismic Hazard Assessment applications: The case of central Apennines (Italy), J. Seismol, 8, 407-425, doi:10.1023/B: JOSE.0000038449.78801.05.
8. Bucci, F. (2009), Growth and dissection of a collisional chain: Tectonic evolution of the Southern Apennines within the High Agric. valley (Basilicata, Italy) deformative record, Ph. D. thesis, Dept. of Earth Sci., Univ. of Siena, Siena, Italy.
9. Bucci, F., D. D'Onofrio, E. Tavernelli, and G. Prosser (2007), Triangula Facets or Flatirons? A note of caution from the Lucanina Apennines, Italy, Rend. Soc. Geol. It, 5, 91.
10. Burrato, P., and G. Valensise (2008), Rise and fall of a hypothesized seismic gap: Source complexity in the 16 December 1857, Southern Italy earthquake (Mw 7.0), Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 98(1), 139-148, doi:10.1785/0120070094. (Pubitemid 351359179)
11. Cabrera, J., and M. Sebrier (1998), Surface rupture associated with a 5.3-mb earthquake: The 5 April 1986 Cuzco earthquake and kinematics of the Chincheros-Qoricocha faults of the High Andes, Peru, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 88(1), 242-255.
12. Caputo, R. (1995), Inference of a seismic gap from geological data: Thessaly (Central Greece) as a case study, Ann. Geofis., 38(1), 1-19.
13. Caputo, R., S. Piscitelli, A. Oliveto, E. Rizzo, and V. Lapenna (2003), The use of electrical resistivity tomographies in active tectonics: Examples from the Tyrnavos Basin, Greece, J. Geodyn., 36, 19-35, doi:10.1016/S0264-3707 (03) 00036-X.
14. Casas, D., G. Ercilla, V. Lykousis, I. Chryssanthi, and C. Perissoratis (2006), Physical properties and their relationship to sedimentary processes and texture in sediments from mud volcanoes in the Anaximander Mountains (Eastern Mediterranean), Sci. Mar., 70(4), 643-659.
15. Castello, B., G. Selvaggi, C. Chiarabba, and A. Amato (2006), CSI Catalogo della sismicità italiana 1981-2002, versione 1.1, INGV-CNT, Rome. (Available at http://csi.rm.ingv. it/)
16. Cello, G., R. Gambini, S. Mazzoli, A. Read, E. Tondi, and V. Zucconi (2000), The Val d'Agric. fault system, J. Geodyn., 29 (3-5), 293-308.
17. Cello, G., E. Tondi, L. Micarelli, and L. Mattioni (2003), Active tectonics and earthquake sources in the epicentral area of the 1857 Basilicata earthquake (southern Italy), J. Geodyn., 36, 37-50, doi:10.1016/S0264-3707 (03) 00037-1.
18. Chiarabba, C., et al. (2009), The 2009 L'Aquila (central Italy) Mw 6.3 earthquake: Main shock and aftershocks, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L18308, doi:10.1029/2009GL039627.
19. Cinque, A., E. Patacca, P. Scandone, and M. Tozzi (1993), Quaternary kinematic evolution of the Southern Apennines: Relationships between surface geological features and deep lithospheric structures, Ann. Geofis., 36, 249-259.
20. Colella, A., V. Lapenna, and E. Rizzo (2004), High-resolution imaging of the High Agric. Valley Basin (Southern Italy) with electrical resistivity tomography, Tectonophysics, 386, 29-40, doi:10.1016/j.tecto. 2004.03.017.
21. CPTI Working Group (2004), Catalogo Parametrico dei Terremoti Italiani, v. 2004 (CPTI04), INGV, Bologna. (Available at http://emidius.mi.ingv. it/CPTI04/)
22. Cucci, L., S. Pondrelli, A. Frepoli, M. T. Mariucci, and M. Moro (2004), Local pattern of stress field and seismogenic sources in the Pergola-Melandro basin and the Agric. valley (Southern Italy), Geophys. J. Int., 156, 575-583, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02161.x.
23. D'Addezio, G., D. B. Karner, P. Burrato, D. Insinga, L. Maschio, L. Ferranti, and P. R. Renne (2006), Tephrochronolgy in faulted Middle Pleistocene tephra layer in the Val d'Agric. area (Southern Italy), Ann. Geophys., 49, 4-5, 1029-1039.
24. Dolan, J. F., and T. L. Pratt (1997), High resolution seismic reflection profiling of the Santa Monica fault zone, West Los Angeles, California, Geophys. Res. Lett, 24(16), 2051-2054, doi:10.1029/97GL01940.
25. Fazzito, S. Y., A. E. Papalini, J. M. Cortés, and C. M. Terrizzano (2009), Characterization of Quaternary faults by electric resistivity tomography in the Andean Precordillera of Western Argentina, J. South Am. Earth Sci., 28(3), 217-228, doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2009.06.001.
26. Ferranti, L., P. R. Gialanella, F. Heller, and A. Incoronato (2005), Structural and magnetic record of superposed non-coaxial deformation in the Lagonegro thrust nappe, Southern Apennines of Italy, Boll. Soc. Geol. It, 124, 345-365.
27. Galadini, F. (2006), Quaternary tectonics and large-scale gravitational deformations with evidence of rock-slide displacements in the Central Apennines (central Italy), Geomorphology, 82, 201-228, doi:10.1016/j. geomorph.2006.05. 003.
28. Galli, P., F. Galadini, and D. Pantosti (2008), Twenty years of paleoseismology in Italy, Earth Sci. Rev., 88, 89-117, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev. 2008.01.001.
29. Hippolyte, J. C., J. Angelier, and F. Roure (1994), A major geodynamic change revealed by Quaternary stress patterns in Southern Apennines (Italy), Tectonophysics, 230, 199-210, doi:10.1016/0040-1951 (94) 90135-X.
30. Improta, L., and M. Corciulo (2006), Controlled source non-linear tomography: A powerful tool to constrain tectonic models of the Southern Apennines orogenic wedge, Italy, Geology, 34(11), 941-944, doi:10.1130/G22676A. 1. (Pubitemid 44734357)
31. Improta, L., A. Zollo, A. Herrero, R. Frattini, J. Virieux, and P. Dell'Aversana (2002), Seismic imaging of complex structures by non-linear traveltime inversion of dense wide-angle data: Application to a thrust belt, Geophys. J. Int., 151, 264-278, doi:10.1046/j.1365-246X.2002.01768.x.
32. Improta, L., A. Zollo, P. P. Bruno, A. Herrero, and F. Villani (2003), High resolution seismic tomography across the 1980 (Ms 6.9) Southern Italy earthquake fault scarp, Geophys. Res. Lett, 30(10), 1494, doi:10.1029/ 2003GL017077.
33. Iorio, M., L. Sagnotti, A. Angelino, F. Budillon, B. D'Argenio, J. Dinares-Turell, P. Macrì, and E. Marsella (2004), High resolution petrophysical and palaeomagnetic study of late-Holocene shelf sediments, Salerno Gulf, Tyrrhenian sea, Holocene, 14(3), 426-435, doi:10.1191/0959683604hl718rp. (Pubitemid 38630472)
34. Iorio, M., J. Liddicoat, F. Budillon, P. Tiano, A. Incoronato, R. Coe, and E. Marsella (2009), Palaeomagnetic secular variation time constrain on Late Neogene geological events in slope sediment from the Eastern Tyrrhenian Sea, SEPM Spec. Publ, 92, 233-243.
35. Kim, D. C., J. Y. Sung, S. C. Park, G. H. Lee, J. H. Choi, G. Y. Kim, Y. K. Seo, and J. C. Kim (2001), Physical and acoustic properties of shelf sediments, the South Sea of Korea, Mar. Geol, 179, 39-50, doi:10.1016/S0025-3227 (01) 00200-6.
36. Liberty, L. M., M. A. Hemphill-Halley, and I. P. Madin (2003), The Portland Hill Fault: Uncovering a hidden fault in Portland, Oregon using high-resolution geophysical methods, Tectonophysics, 368, 89-103, doi:10.1016/S0040-1951 (03) 00152-5.
37. Malinverno, A., and W. B. F. Ryan (1986), Extension in the Tyrrhenian Sea and shortening in the Apennines as a result of arc migration driven by sinking of the lithosphere, Tectonics, 5, 227-245, doi:10.1029/TC005i002p00227.
38. Maschio, L., L. Ferranti, and P. Burrato (2005), Active extension in Val d'Agric. area, Southern Apennines, Italy: Implications for the geometry of the seismogenic belt, Geophys. J. Int., 162(2), 591-609, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X. 2005.02597.x. (Pubitemid 41632727)
39. Mattson, A. (2004), Tomographic imaging of late Quaternary faulting, Oquirrh Mountains, Utah, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B11310, doi:10.1029/ 2004JB003159. (Pubitemid 40294848)
40. Mazzoli, S., S. Barkham, G. Cello, R. Gambini, L. Mattioni, P. Shiner, and E. Tondi (2001), Reconstruction of continental margin architecture deformed by the contraction of the Lagonegro Basin, Southern Apennines, Italy, J. Geol. Soc, 158, 309-319, doi:10.1144/jgs.158.2.309.
41. Mc Calpin, J. P. (Ed.) (1996), Paleoseismology, 588 pp., Academic, San Diego, Calif.
42. Mc Calpin, J. P. (Ed) (2009), Paloeseismology, 2nd ed., 629 pp., Academic, San Diego, Calif.
43. Meghraoui, M., T. Camelbeeck, K. Vanneste, M. Brondeel, and D. Jongmans (2000), Active faulting and paleoseismology along the Bree fault, lower Rhine graben, Belgium, J. Geophys. Res., 105 (B6), 13, 809-13, 841, doi:10.1029/1999JB900236.
44. Michetti, A. M., L. Ferreli, E. Esposito, S. Porfido, A. M. Blumetti, E. Vittori, L. Serva, and G. P. Roberts (2000), Ground effects during the 9 September, 1998, Mw1/45.6, Lauria earthquake and the seismic potential of the " Aseismic" Pollino region in Southern Italy, Seismol. Res. Lett, 71, 31-46.
45. Miller, R. D., D. W. Steeples, and P. B. Myers (1990), Shallow seismic reflection survey across the Meer Fault, Oklahoma, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 102, 18-25, doi:10.1130/0016-7606 (1990) 102<0018:SSRSAT>2.3. CO;2.
46. Montone, P., M. T. Mariucci, S. Pondrelli, and A. Amato (2004), An improved stress map for Italy and surrounding regions (central Mediterranean), J. Geophys. Res., 109, B10410, doi:10.1029/2003JB002703. (Pubitemid 40098514)
47. Morey, D., and G. T. Schuster (1999), Paleoseismicity of the Oquirrh fault, Utah, from shallow seismic tomography, Geophys. J. Int., 138, 25-35, doi:10.1046/j.1365-246x.1999.00814.x. (Pubitemid 29462064)
48. Moro, M., M. Saroli, S. Salvi, S. Stramondo, and F. Doumaz (2007), The relationship between seismic deformation and deep-seated gravitational movements during the 1997 Umbria-Marche (Central Italy) earthquakes, Geomorphology, 89, 297-307, doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.12.013. (Pubitemid 47055359)
49. Moro, M., M. Saroli, C. Tolomei, and S. Salvi (2009), Insights on the kinematics of deep-seated gravitational slope deformations along the 1915 Avezzano earthquake fault (Central Italy), from time-series DInSAR, Geomorphology, 112, 261-276, doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.06.011.
50. Nguyen, F., S. Garambois, D. Jongmans, E. Pirard, and M. H. Loke (2005), Image processing of 2D resistivity data for imaging faults, J. Appl. Geophys., 57, 260-277, doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2005.02.001. (Pubitemid 40875978)
51. Pantosti, D., and G. Valensise (1990), Faulting mechanism and complexity of the November 23, 1980, Campania-Lucania earthquake, inferred from surface observations, J. Geophys. Res., 95 (B10), 15, 319-15, 341, doi:10.1029/ JB095iB10p15319.
52. Pantosti, D., D. Schwartz, and G. Valensise (1993), Paleoseismology along the 1980 surface rupture of the Irpinia Fault; implications for earthquake recurrence in the Southern Apennines, Italy, J. Geophys. Res., 98 (B4), 6561-6577, doi:10.1029/92JB02277.
53. Pastori, M., D. Piccinini, L. Margheriti, L. Improta, L. Valoroso, L. Chiaraluce, and C. Chiarabba (2009), Stress aligned cracks in the upper crust of the Val d'Agric. region as revealed by shear wave splitting, Geophys. J. Int., 179(1), 601-614, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04302.x.
54. Patacca, E., R. Sartori, and P. Scandone (1990), Tyrrhenian basin and Apenninic arcs: Kinematics relations since late Tortonian times, Mem. Soc. Geol. Ital, 45, 425-451.
55. Pondrelli, S., S. Salimbeni, G. Ekström, A. Morelli, P. Gasperini, and G. Vannucci (2006), The Italian CMT dataset from 1977 to the present, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 159 (3-4), 286-303, doi:10.1016/j.pepi. 2006.07.008.
56. Schoenbohm, L. M., and R. Strecker (2009), Normal faulting along the southern margin of the Puna Plateau, northwest Argentina, Tectonics, 28, TC5008, doi:10.1029/2008TC002341.
57. Schwartz, P. D., and K. J. Coppersmith (1984), Fault behavior and characteristic earthquakes: Examples from the Wasatch and San Andreas Fault, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 5681-5698, doi:10.1029/JB089iB07p05681.
58. Serpelloni, E., M. Anzidei, P. Baldi, G. Casula, and A. Galvani (2005), Crustal velocity and strain rate fields in Italy and surrounding regions: New results from the analysis of permanent and nonpermanent GPS networks, Geophys. J. Int., 161, 861-880, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X. 2005.02618.x.
59. Sheley, D., T. Crosby, M. Zhou, J. Giacoma, J. Yu, R. He, and G. T. Schuster (2003), 2-D seismic trenching of colluvial wedges and faults, Tectonophysics, 368, 51-69, doi:10.1016/S0040-1951 (03) 00150-1.
60. Steeples, D. W., and R. D. Miller (1998), Avoiding pitfalls in shallow seismic reflection surveys, Geophysics, 63, 1213-1224, doi:10.1190/1.1444422.
61. Stuiver, M., and P. J. Reimer (2005), Radiocarbon calibration program CALIB REV5.0.2, Univ. of Wash., Seattle. (Available at http://calib. qub.ac.uk/calib/)
62. Suzuki, K., S. Toda, K. Kusunoki, Y. Fujimitsu, T. Mogi, and A. Jomori (2000), Case studies of electrical and electromagnetic methods applied to mapping active faults beneath the thick quaternary, Eng. Geol. Amsterdam, 56, 29-45, doi:10.1016/S0013-7952 (99) 00132-5.
63. Valoroso, L., L. Improta, L. Chiaraluce, R. Di Stefano, L. Ferranti, A. Govoni, and C. Chiarabba (2009), Active faults and induced seismicity in the Val d'Agric. area (Southern Apennines, Italy), Geophys. J. Int., 178, 488-502, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2009.04166.x.
64. Wallace, R. E. (1984), Pattern and timing of late Quaternary faulting in the Great Basin province and relation to some regional tectonic features, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 5763-5769, doi:10.1029/JB089iB07p05763.
65. Wells, D. L., and K. J. Coppersmith (1994), New empirical relationship among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area, surface displacement, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 84, 974-1002.
66. Westaway, R., and J. A. Jackson (1987), The earthquake of 1980 November 23 Campania-Basilicata (Southern Italy), Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc, 90, 375-443.
67. Wise, D. J., J. Cassidy, and C. A. Locke (2003), Geophysical imaging of the Quaternary Wairoa North Fault, New Zealand: A case study, J. Appl. Geophys., 53, 1-16, doi:10.1016/S0926-9851 (03) 00013-2.
68. Yeats, R. S., K. Sieh, and C. R. Allen (1997), The Geology of Earthquakes, 568 pp., Oxford Univ. Press, New York.
69. Zembo, I., L. Panzeri, A. Galli, R. Berenzio, M. Martini, and E. Sibilia (2009), Quaternary evolution of the intermontane Val d'Agric. Basin, Southern Apennines, Quat. Res., 72(3), 431-442, doi:10.1016/j. yqres.2009.02.009.