메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 78, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1765-1800

The relationship between social-cultural attitudes and behavioral measures of cognitive style: A meta-analytic integration of studies

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTITUDE; COGNITION; CULTURAL FACTOR; DECISION MAKING; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; META ANALYSIS; PERCEPTION; PERSONALITY; POLITICS; PUBLIC OPINION; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY;

EID: 78149399832     PISSN: 00223506     EISSN: 14676494     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00669.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (118)

References (141)
  • 2
    • 0003930456 scopus 로고
    • Enemies of freedom
    • London: Jossey-Bass.
    • Altemeyer, B. (1988). Enemies of freedom. London: Jossey-Bass.
    • (1988)
    • Altemeyer, B.1
  • 4
    • 0003898204 scopus 로고
    • Political attitudes over the life span
    • Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
    • Alwin, D. F., Cohen, R. L., & Newcombe, T. M. (1991). Political attitudes over the life span. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
    • (1991)
    • Alwin, D.F.1    Cohen, R.L.2    Newcombe, T.M.3
  • 6
    • 78149401254 scopus 로고
    • 5., Conservatism and HSPQ factors in a sample of adolescents. Unpublished manuscript.
    • 5 Bagley, C. R., & Verma, G. (1973). Conservatism and HSPQ factors in a sample of adolescents. Unpublished manuscript.
    • (1973)
    • Bagley, C.R.1    Verma, G.2
  • 7
    • 0009080691 scopus 로고
    • Complexity-simplicity as a personality dimension
    • 3
    • 3 Barron, F. (1953). Complexity-simplicity as a personality dimension. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 48, 163-172.
    • (1953) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 163-172
    • Barron, F.1
  • 8
    • 0014855762 scopus 로고
    • Source evaluation, syllogistic content, and judgments of logical validity by high-dogmatic and low-dogmatic persons
    • 5.
    • 5 Bettinghaus, E., Miller, G., & Steinfatt, T. (1970). Source evaluation, syllogistic content, and judgments of logical validity by high-dogmatic and low-dogmatic persons. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 16, 238-244.
    • (1970) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 238-244
    • Bettinghaus, E.1    Miller, G.2    Steinfatt, T.3
  • 9
    • 0000986852 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive complexity-simplicity and predictive behavior
    • Bieri, J. (1955). Cognitive complexity-simplicity and predictive behavior. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51, 263-268.
    • (1955) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 263-268
    • Bieri, J.1
  • 10
    • 58149420719 scopus 로고
    • Parental identification, acceptance of authority, and within-sex differences in cognitive behavior
    • 4
    • 4 Bieri, J. (1960). Parental identification, acceptance of authority, and within-sex differences in cognitive behavior. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 60, 76-79.
    • (1960) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.60 , pp. 76-79
    • Bieri, J.1
  • 11
    • 78149385611 scopus 로고
    • 3, Cognitive complexity: Assessment issues in the study of cognitive structure. Unpublished manuscript.
    • 3 Bieri, J. (1965). Cognitive complexity: Assessment issues in the study of cognitive structure. Unpublished manuscript.
    • (1965)
    • Bieri, J.1
  • 12
    • 78149366449 scopus 로고
    • Experience, structure, and adaptability
    • In, O. J. Harvey, Ed.), New York: Springer.
    • Bieri, J. (1966). Cognitive complexity and personality development. In O. J. Harvey (Ed.), Experience, structure, and adaptability (pp. 13-37). New York: Springer.
    • (1966) Cognitive complexity and personality development , pp. 13-37
    • Bieri, J.1
  • 13
    • 0010663838 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of the relationship between intolerance of ambiguity and ethnocentrism
    • 2.
    • 2 Block, J., & Block, J. H. (1951). An investigation of the relationship between intolerance of ambiguity and ethnocentrism. Journal of Personality, 19, 303-311.
    • (1951) Journal of Personality , vol.19 , pp. 303-311
    • Block, J.1    Block, J.H.2
  • 14
    • 0003438880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comprehensive meta-analysis. Version 2
    • Englewood, NJ: Biostat.
    • Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J., & Rothstein, H. (2005). Comprehensive meta-analysis. Version 2. Englewood, NJ: Biostat.
    • (2005)
    • Borenstein, M.1    Hedges, L.V.2    Higgins, J.3    Rothstein, H.4
  • 15
    • 0001527403 scopus 로고
    • A determinant of the relationship between rigidity and authoritarianism
    • 1
    • 1 Brown, R. W. (1953). A determinant of the relationship between rigidity and authoritarianism. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 48, 469-476.
    • (1953) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 469-476
    • Brown, R.W.1
  • 16
    • 0003924296 scopus 로고
    • Social psychology
    • New York: Free Press.
    • Brown, R. W. (1965). Social psychology. New York: Free Press.
    • (1965)
    • Brown, R.W.1
  • 17
    • 73049156959 scopus 로고
    • Intolerance of ambiguity as a personality variable
    • Budner, S. (1962). Intolerance of ambiguity as a personality variable. Journal of Personality, 30, 29-50.
    • (1962) Journal of Personality , vol.30 , pp. 29-50
    • Budner, S.1
  • 18
    • 78149391460 scopus 로고
    • 5, Some determinants of the accuracy of social jugdments among army recuits. Unpublished manuscript read before the Eastern Psychological Association.
    • 5 Christie, R. (1952, March). Some determinants of the accuracy of social jugdments among army recuits. Unpublished manuscript read before the Eastern Psychological Association.
    • (1952)
    • Christie, R.1
  • 19
    • 0003469066 scopus 로고
    • Studies in the scope and method of "the authoritarian personality
    • In, R. Christie &, M. Jahoda, Eds.), New York: Free Press.
    • Christie, R. (1954). Authoritarianism re-examined. In R. Christie & M. Jahoda (Eds.), Studies in the scope and method of "the authoritarian personality (pp. 123-196). New York: Free Press.
    • (1954) Authoritarianism re-examined , pp. 123-196
    • Christie, R.1
  • 20
    • 78149381903 scopus 로고
    • Strength and weakness: The authoritarian personality today
    • I. A retrospective perspective on the Einstellung (rigidity?) paradigm. In, W. F. Stone, G. Lederer, & R. Christie, Eds.), New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • Christie, R. (1993). Some experimental approaches to authoritarianism: I. A retrospective perspective on the Einstellung (rigidity?) paradigm. In W. F. Stone, G. Lederer, & R. Christie (Eds.), Strength and weakness: The authoritarian personality today (pp. 47-69). New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1993) Some experimental approaches to authoritarianism , pp. 47-69
    • Christie, R.1
  • 21
    • 0014253464 scopus 로고
    • Authoritarian attitudes and field dependence
    • 4,5
    • 4, 5 Clark, S. L. (1968). Authoritarian attitudes and field dependence. Psychological Reports, 22, 309-310.
    • (1968) Psychological Reports , vol.22 , pp. 309-310
    • Clark, S.L.1
  • 22
    • 0003577917 scopus 로고
    • Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences.
    • Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1988)
    • Cohen, J.1
  • 23
    • 78149393835 scopus 로고
    • 1, An experimental and statistical relationship of prejudice and certain personality variables. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University Of London Library.
    • 1 Coulter, T. (1953). An experimental and statistical relationship of prejudice and certain personality variables. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University Of London Library.
    • (1953)
    • Coulter, T.1
  • 24
    • 67649170524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the DOG Scale measure dogmatism? Another look at construct validity
    • Crowson, H. M. (2009). Does the DOG Scale measure dogmatism? Another look at construct validity. Journal of Social Psychology, 149, 265-283.
    • (2009) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.149 , pp. 265-283
    • Crowson, H.M.1
  • 25
    • 34548387887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are DIT scores empirically distinct from measures of political identification and intellectual ability? A test using post-9/11 data
    • 5.
    • 5 Crowson, H. M., DeBacker, T. K., & Thoma, S. J. (2007). Are DIT scores empirically distinct from measures of political identification and intellectual ability? A test using post-9/11 data. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 25, 197-211.
    • (2007) British Journal of Developmental Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 197-211
    • Crowson, H.M.1    DeBacker, T.K.2    Thoma, S.J.3
  • 26
    • 0010760526 scopus 로고
    • Some personality and intellectual correlations of intolerance of ambiguity
    • 2,5
    • 2, 5 Davids, A. (1955). Some personality and intellectual correlations of intolerance of ambiguity. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51, 415-420.
    • (1955) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 415-420
    • Davids, A.1
  • 27
    • 0010760527 scopus 로고
    • Some social and cultural factors determining relations between authoritarianism and measures of neuroticism
    • 5.
    • 5 Davids, A., & Eriksen, C. W. (1957). Some social and cultural factors determining relations between authoritarianism and measures of neuroticism. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 21, 155-159.
    • (1957) Journal of Consulting Psychology , vol.21 , pp. 155-159
    • Davids, A.1    Eriksen, C.W.2
  • 28
  • 29
    • 0021076817 scopus 로고
    • About some psychological variables correlated with dogmatism
    • 4.
    • 4 Di Maria, F., & Di Nuovo, S. (1983). About some psychological variables correlated with dogmatism. Psychological Reports, 53, 427-432.
    • (1983) Psychological Reports , vol.53 , pp. 427-432
    • Di Maria, F.1    Di Nuovo, S.2
  • 30
    • 0037676367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in experimental social psychology
    • In, M. P. Zanna, Ed.), San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • Duckitt, J. (2001). A dual-process cognitive-motivational theory of ideology and prejudice. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 33, pp. 41-113). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (2001) A dual-process cognitive-motivational theory of ideology and prejudice , vol.33 , pp. 41-113
    • Duckitt, J.1
  • 32
    • 0031215274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theoretical conundrum
    • The politics and science of the authoritarian personality.
    • Durrheim, K. (1997). Theoretical conundrum: The politics and science of the authoritarian personality. Political Psychology, 18, 625-627.
    • (1997) Political Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 625-627
    • Durrheim, K.1
  • 33
    • 0032358368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between tolerance of ambiguity and attitudinal conservatism
    • 2, A multidimensional analysis.
    • 2 Durrheim, K. (1998). The relationship between tolerance of ambiguity and attitudinal conservatism: A multidimensional analysis. European Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 731-753.
    • (1998) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.28 , pp. 731-753
    • Durrheim, K.1
  • 34
    • 0442309557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A non-parametric "trim and fill" method of accounting for publication bias in meta-analysis
    • Duval, S., & Tweedie, R. (2000). A non-parametric "trim and fill" method of accounting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 95, 89-98.
    • (2000) Journal of the American Statistical Association , vol.95 , pp. 89-98
    • Duval, S.1    Tweedie, R.2
  • 35
    • 0000352014 scopus 로고
    • Links between personality, ability and attitudes in a low-IQ sample
    • 5
    • 5 Egan, V. (1989). Links between personality, ability and attitudes in a low-IQ sample. Personality and Individual Differences, 10, 997-1001.
    • (1989) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.10 , pp. 997-1001
    • Egan, V.1
  • 36
    • 58149405389 scopus 로고
    • The stability of behavior
    • I. On predicting most of the people much of the time.
    • Epstein, S. (1979). The stability of behavior: I. On predicting most of the people much of the time. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1097-1126.
    • (1979) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 1097-1126
    • Epstein, S.1
  • 37
    • 48949089140 scopus 로고
    • Personality rigidity and the Rorschach
    • 1
    • 1 Eriksen, S. W., & Eisenstein, D. (1952-1953). Personality rigidity and the Rorschach. Journal of Personality, 21, 385-391.
    • (1952) Journal of Personality , vol.21 , pp. 385-391
    • Eriksen, S.W.1    Eisenstein, D.2
  • 38
    • 0004118414 scopus 로고
    • The psychology of politics
    • 2,5, London: Routledge.
    • 2, 5 Eysenck, H. J. (1954). The psychology of politics. London: Routledge.
    • (1954)
    • Eysenck, H.J.1
  • 39
    • 1842779910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personal and social correlates of the "closed mind" among 16-year-old adolescents in England
    • 5
    • 5 Francis, L. J. (1997). Personal and social correlates of the "closed mind" among 16-year-old adolescents in England. Educational Studies, 23, 429-437.
    • (1997) Educational Studies , vol.23 , pp. 429-437
    • Francis, L.J.1
  • 40
    • 0010851616 scopus 로고
    • Interrelation among some measures of rigidity under stress and non-stress conditions
    • 1,2
    • 1, 2 French, E. G. (1955). Interrelation among some measures of rigidity under stress and non-stress conditions. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51, 114-118.
    • (1955) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 114-118
    • French, E.G.1
  • 41
    • 84982338249 scopus 로고
    • Intolerance of ambiguity as an emotional and perceptual personality variable
    • Frenkel-Brunswik, E. (1949). Intolerance of ambiguity as an emotional and perceptual personality variable. Journal of Personality, 18, 108-143.
    • (1949) Journal of Personality , vol.18 , pp. 108-143
    • Frenkel-Brunswik, E.1
  • 42
    • 78149363804 scopus 로고
    • Studies in the scope and method of "The Authoritarian Personality"
    • In, R. Christie &, M. Jahoda, Eds.), Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
    • Frenkel-Brunswik, E. (1954). Further explorations by a contributor to "the authoritarian personality." In R. Christie & M. Jahoda (Eds.), Studies in the scope and method of "The Authoritarian Personality" (pp. 226-275). Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
    • (1954) Further explorations by a contributor to "the authoritarian personality , pp. 226-275
    • Frenkel-Brunswik, E.1
  • 43
    • 0004144623 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive style: Five approaches and relevant research
    • New York: John Wiley and Sons.
    • Goldstein, K. M., & Blackman, S. (1978). Cognitive style: Five approaches and relevant research. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
    • (1978)
    • Goldstein, K.M.1    Blackman, S.2
  • 45
    • 3042840512 scopus 로고
    • Studies of social intolerance
    • 5, I. Some psychological and sociological correlates of anti-Semitism.
    • 5 Gough, H. G. (1951). Studies of social intolerance: I. Some psychological and sociological correlates of anti-Semitism. Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 237-246.
    • (1951) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.33 , pp. 237-246
    • Gough, H.G.1
  • 46
    • 78149375283 scopus 로고
    • Rigidity as a psychological variable. Unpublished manuscript, University of California, Institute of Personality Assessment and Research.
    • Gough, H, G., & Sanford, R. N. (1952). Rigidity as a psychological variable. Unpublished manuscript, University of California, Institute of Personality Assessment and Research.
    • (1952)
    • Gough, H.G.1    Sanford, R.N.2
  • 47
    • 21844486830 scopus 로고
    • Status, ideology, and integrative complexity on the United States Supreme Court
    • 3, Rethinking the politics of political decision-making.
    • 3 Gruenfeld, D. H. (1995). Status, ideology, and integrative complexity on the United States Supreme Court: Rethinking the politics of political decision-making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 5-20.
    • (1995) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.68 , pp. 5-20
    • Gruenfeld, D.H.1
  • 49
    • 0032271151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fixed- and random-effects models in meta-analysis
    • Hedges, L. V., & Vevea, J. L. (1998). Fixed- and random-effects models in meta-analysis. Psychological Methods, 3, 486-504.
    • (1998) Psychological Methods , vol.3 , pp. 486-504
    • Hedges, L.V.1    Vevea, J.L.2
  • 50
    • 0037098199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis
    • Higgins, J. P. T., & Thompson, S. G. (2002). Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine, 21, 1539-1558.
    • (2002) Statistics in Medicine , vol.21 , pp. 1539-1558
    • Higgins, J.P.T.1    Thompson, S.G.2
  • 54
    • 34248961841 scopus 로고
    • Authoritarianism and intolerance of fluctuation
    • 2
    • 2 Jones, M. B. (1955). Authoritarianism and intolerance of fluctuation. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 50, 125-126.
    • (1955) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.50 , pp. 125-126
    • Jones, M.B.1
  • 55
    • 0012999046 scopus 로고
    • The Pensacola-Z survey
    • 5, A study in the measurement of authoritarian tendency.
    • 5 Jones, M. B. (1957). The Pensacola-Z survey: A study in the measurement of authoritarian tendency. Psychological Monographs, 71 (23), 1-19.
    • (1957) Psychological Monographs , vol.71 , Issue.23 , pp. 1-19
    • Jones, M.B.1
  • 56
    • 0141865598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exceptions that prove the rule. Using a theory of motivated social cognition to account for ideological incongruities and political anomalies
    • Reply to Greenberg and Jonas (2003).
    • Jost, J. T., Glaser, J., Kruglanski, A. W., & Sulloway, F. (2003a). Exceptions that prove the rule. Using a theory of motivated social cognition to account for ideological incongruities and political anomalies: Reply to Greenberg and Jonas (2003). Psychological Bulletin, 129, 383-393.
    • (2003) Psychological Bulletin , vol.129 , pp. 383-393
    • Jost, J.T.1    Glaser, J.2    Kruglanski, A.W.3    Sulloway, F.4
  • 58
    • 0003654618 scopus 로고
    • The psychology of personal constructs
    • New York: Norton.
    • Kelly, G. A. (1955). The psychology of personal constructs. New York: Norton.
    • (1955)
    • Kelly, G.A.1
  • 59
    • 53249118992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there a relationship between political orientation and cognitive ability? A test of three hypotheses in two studies
    • 5
    • 5 Kemmelmeier, M. (2008). Is there a relationship between political orientation and cognitive ability? A test of three hypotheses in two studies. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 767-772.
    • (2008) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.45 , pp. 767-772
    • Kemmelmeier, M.1
  • 61
    • 0015294412 scopus 로고
    • Relation of F-test scores to rigidity
    • 1.
    • 1 Kidd, A. H., & Kidd, R. M. (1972). Relation of F-test scores to rigidity. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 34, 239-243.
    • (1972) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.34 , pp. 239-243
    • Kidd, A.H.1    Kidd, R.M.2
  • 63
    • 85050835268 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functioning and prejudice
    • 5.: A 9-year follow-up study.
    • 5 Kutner, B., & Gordon, N. B. (1964). Cognitive functioning and prejudice: A 9-year follow-up study. Sociometry, 27, 66-74.
    • (1964) Sociometry , vol.27 , pp. 66-74
    • Kutner, B.1    Gordon, N.B.2
  • 64
    • 11244349841 scopus 로고
    • The water-jar Einstellung test as a measure of rigidity
    • Levitt, E. E. (1956). The water-jar Einstellung test as a measure of rigidity. Psychological Bulletin, 53, 347-370.
    • (1956) Psychological Bulletin , vol.53 , pp. 347-370
    • Levitt, E.E.1
  • 65
    • 58149430225 scopus 로고
    • The validity of the Einstellung test as a measure of rigidity
    • 1.
    • 1 Levitt, E. E., & Zelen, S. L. (1953). The validity of the Einstellung test as a measure of rigidity. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 48, 573-580.
    • (1953) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 573-580
    • Levitt, E.E.1    Zelen, S.L.2
  • 66
    • 0003624732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practical meta-analysis
    • New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • Lipsey, M. W., & Wilson, D. B. (2001). Practical meta-analysis. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
    • (2001)
    • Lipsey, M.W.1    Wilson, D.B.2
  • 67
    • 0011269399 scopus 로고
    • Dogmatism and pre-decisional information search
    • 5.
    • 5 Long, B. H., & Ziller, R. C. (1965). Dogmatism and pre-decisional information search. Journal of Applied Psychology, 49, 376-378.
    • (1965) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 376-378
    • Long, B.H.1    Ziller, R.C.2
  • 68
    • 0003333569 scopus 로고
    • Mechanization in problem solving
    • 6, No. 248).
    • Luchins, A. S. (1942). Mechanization in problem solving. Psychological Monographs, 54(6, No. 248).
    • (1942) Psychological Monographs , vol.54
    • Luchins, A.S.1
  • 69
    • 0010910080 scopus 로고
    • Rigidity and ethnocentrism
    • A critique.
    • Luchins, A. S. (1949). Rigidity and ethnocentrism: A critique. Journal of Personality, 17, 242-246.
    • (1949) Journal of Personality , vol.17 , pp. 242-246
    • Luchins, A.S.1
  • 70
    • 0001390939 scopus 로고
    • Revised scale for ambiguity tolerance
    • Reliability and validity.
    • MacDonald, A. P. (1970). Revised scale for ambiguity tolerance: Reliability and validity. Psychological Reports, 26, 791-798.
    • (1970) Psychological Reports , vol.26 , pp. 791-798
    • MacDonald, A.P.1
  • 71
    • 0033227010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Authoritarianism revisited
    • 5.: Genetic and environmental influences examined in twins reared apart and together.
    • 5 McCourt, K., Bouchard, T. J., Lykken, D. T., Tellegen, A., & Keyes, M. (1999). Authoritarianism revisited: Genetic and environmental influences examined in twins reared apart and together. Personality and Individual Differences, 27, 985-1014.
    • (1999) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.27 , pp. 985-1014
    • McCourt, K.1    Bouchard, T.J.2    Lykken, D.T.3    Tellegen, A.4    Keyes, M.5
  • 72
    • 0038474568 scopus 로고
    • Anomie, authoritarianism, prejudice, and socioeconomic status
    • 5, An attempt at clarification.
    • 5 McDill, E. L. (1961). Anomie, authoritarianism, prejudice, and socioeconomic status: An attempt at clarification. Social Forces, 39, 239-245.
    • (1961) Social Forces , vol.39 , pp. 239-245
    • McDill, E.L.1
  • 73
    • 0030518349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relations among political attitudes, personality, and psychopathology assessed with new measures of libertarianism and conservatism
    • 5
    • 5 Mehrabian, A. (1996). Relations among political attitudes, personality, and psychopathology assessed with new measures of libertarianism and conservatism. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 18, 469-491.
    • (1996) Basic and Applied Social Psychology , vol.18 , pp. 469-491
    • Mehrabian, A.1
  • 74
    • 23144462879 scopus 로고
    • Ability, acquiescence, and authoritarianism
    • 4,5.
    • 4, 5 Messick, S., & Frederiksen, N. (1958). Ability, acquiescence, and authoritarianism. Psychological Reports, 4, 687-697.
    • (1958) Psychological Reports , vol.4 , pp. 687-697
    • Messick, S.1    Frederiksen, N.2
  • 75
    • 0004019210 scopus 로고
    • Progressiveness and conservatism: The fundamental dimensions of ideological controversy and their relationship to social class
    • New York: Mouton.
    • Middendorp, C. (1978). Progressiveness and conservatism: The fundamental dimensions of ideological controversy and their relationship to social class. New York: Mouton.
    • (1978)
    • Middendorp, C.1
  • 76
    • 0002942274 scopus 로고
    • Authoritarianism, intolerance of ambiguity, and rigidity under ego-involving and task-involving conditions
    • 1,2
    • 1, 2 Millon, T. (1957). Authoritarianism, intolerance of ambiguity, and rigidity under ego-involving and task-involving conditions. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 55, 29-33.
    • (1957) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.55 , pp. 29-33
    • Millon, T.1
  • 77
    • 75949160520 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between authoritarianism, rigidity, and anxiety
    • 1
    • 1 Neuringer, C. (1964). The relationship between authoritarianism, rigidity, and anxiety. Journal of General Psychology, 71, 169-175.
    • (1964) Journal of General Psychology , vol.71 , pp. 169-175
    • Neuringer, C.1
  • 78
    • 0000826442 scopus 로고
    • Ethnocentrism, "intolerance of ambiguity," and reasoning ability
    • 5
    • 5 O'Connor, P. (1952). Ethnocentrism, "intolerance of ambiguity, "and reasoning ability. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 47, 526-530.
    • (1952) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.47 , pp. 526-530
    • O'Connor, P.1
  • 79
    • 0035533663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of authoritarianism for young adulthood
    • Longitudinal analysis of college experiences and future goals.
    • Peterson, B. E., & Lane, M. D. (2001). Implications of authoritarianism for young adulthood: Longitudinal analysis of college experiences and future goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 678-690.
    • (2001) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.27 , pp. 678-690
    • Peterson, B.E.1    Lane, M.D.2
  • 80
    • 0015610255 scopus 로고
    • Non-verbal rigidity and its relationship to dogmatism and Machiavellianism
    • 1.
    • 1 Primavera, L. H., & Higgins, M. (1973). Non-verbal rigidity and its relationship to dogmatism and Machiavellianism. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 36, 356-358.
    • (1973) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.36 , pp. 356-358
    • Primavera, L.H.1    Higgins, M.2
  • 81
    • 84990517424 scopus 로고
    • New balanced F-scale and its relation to social class
    • 5
    • 5 Ray, J. J. (1972). New balanced F-scale and its relation to social class. Australian Psychologist, 7, 155-166.
    • (1972) Australian Psychologist , vol.7 , pp. 155-166
    • Ray, J.J.1
  • 82
    • 77955928014 scopus 로고
    • Conservatism as heresy: An Australian reader
    • 5, Sydney, Australia: A.N.Z. Book Co.
    • 5 Ray, J. J. (1974). Conservatism as heresy: An Australian reader. Sydney, Australia: A.N.Z. Book Co.
    • (1974)
    • Ray, J.J.1
  • 83
    • 84964127538 scopus 로고
    • Do authoritarians hold authoritarian attitudes?
    • Ray, J. J. (1976). Do authoritarians hold authoritarian attitudes? Human Relations, 29, 307-325.
    • (1976) Human Relations , vol.29 , pp. 307-325
    • Ray, J.J.1
  • 84
    • 84925982460 scopus 로고
    • The workers are not authoritarian
    • 5, Attitude and personality data from six countries.
    • 5 Ray, J. J. (1983). The workers are not authoritarian: Attitude and personality data from six countries. Sociology and Social Research, 67, 166-189.
    • (1983) Sociology and Social Research , vol.67 , pp. 166-189
    • Ray, J.J.1
  • 85
    • 84926281241 scopus 로고
    • Conservatism and authoritarianism among urban Afrikaners
    • 5.
    • 5 Ray, J. J., & Heaven, P. C. L. (1984). Conservatism and authoritarianism among urban Afrikaners. Journal of Social Psychology, 122, 163-170.
    • (1984) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.122 , pp. 163-170
    • Ray, J.J.1    Heaven, P.C.L.2
  • 86
    • 0013823232 scopus 로고
    • The dogmatism scale and flexibility in maze performance
    • 1.
    • 1 Riley, J. E., & Armlin, N. J. (1965). The dogmatism scale and flexibility in maze performance. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 21, 914.
    • (1965) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.21 , pp. 914
    • Riley, J.E.1    Armlin, N.J.2
  • 87
    • 85056007121 scopus 로고
    • Anomie, authoritarianism, and prejudice
    • 5.: A replication.
    • 5 Roberts, A. H., & Rokeach, M. (1956). Anomie, authoritarianism, and prejudice: A replication. American Journal of Sociology, 61, 355-358.
    • (1956) American Journal of Sociology , vol.61 , pp. 355-358
    • Roberts, A.H.1    Rokeach, M.2
  • 88
    • 43449094664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of task performance and invested effort
    • A need of closure by relative cognitive capacity interaction analysis.
    • Roets, A., Van Hiel, A., Cornelis, I., & Soetens, B. (2008). Determinants of task performance and invested effort: A need of closure by relative cognitive capacity interaction analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 779-792.
    • (2008) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.34 , pp. 779-792
    • Roets, A.1    Van Hiel, A.2    Cornelis, I.3    Soetens, B.4
  • 89
    • 58149433745 scopus 로고
    • Generalized mental rigidity as a factor in ethnocentrism
    • 1
    • 1 Rokeach, M. (1948). Generalized mental rigidity as a factor in ethnocentrism. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 43, 259-278.
    • (1948) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.43 , pp. 259-278
    • Rokeach, M.1
  • 90
    • 33746445795 scopus 로고
    • Prejudice, concreteness of thinking, and reification of thinking
    • 5
    • 5 Rokeach, M. (1951). Prejudice, concreteness of thinking, and reification of thinking. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 46, 83-91.
    • (1951) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.46 , pp. 83-91
    • Rokeach, M.1
  • 91
    • 78149372933 scopus 로고
    • 1, The open and closed mind: Investigations into the nature of belief systems and personality systems. New York: Basic Books.
    • 1 Rokeach, M. (1960). The open and closed mind: Investigations into the nature of belief systems and personality systems. New York: Basic Books.
    • (1960)
    • Rokeach, M.1
  • 92
    • 3543040900 scopus 로고
    • Writing meta-analytical reviews
    • Rosenthal, R. (1995). Writing meta-analytical reviews. Psychological Bulletin, 118, 183-192.
    • (1995) Psychological Bulletin , vol.118 , pp. 183-192
    • Rosenthal, R.1
  • 93
    • 0016629645 scopus 로고
    • Openness, creativity and complexity
    • 3
    • 3 Rouff, L. L. (1975). Openness, creativity and complexity. Psychological Reports, 37, 1009-1010.
    • (1975) Psychological Reports , vol.37 , pp. 1009-1010
    • Rouff, L.L.1
  • 94
    • 0040506060 scopus 로고
    • Figure-ground phenomena in the perception of physical and social stimuli
    • 4.
    • 4 Rudin, S. A., & Stagner, R. (1958). Figure-ground phenomena in the perception of physical and social stimuli. Journal of Psychology, 45, 213-225.
    • (1958) Journal of Psychology , vol.45 , pp. 213-225
    • Rudin, S.A.1    Stagner, R.2
  • 95
    • 0009888573 scopus 로고
    • Factor structure of anti-Semitism, self-concept and cognitive structure
    • 3.
    • 3 Rule, B. G., & Hewitt, D. (1970). Factor structure of anti-Semitism, self-concept and cognitive structure. Personality, 1, 319-332.
    • (1970) Personality , vol.1 , pp. 319-332
    • Rule, B.G.1    Hewitt, D.2
  • 96
    • 0004246077 scopus 로고
    • Anti-Semite and Jew
    • (G. J. Becker, Trans.). New York: Schocken.
    • Sartre, J.-P. (1948). Anti-Semite and Jew (G. J. Becker, Trans.). New York: Schocken.
    • (1948)
    • Sartre, J.1
  • 99
    • 0003735846 scopus 로고
    • Human information processing
    • 3. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
    • 3 Schroder, H. M., Driver, M. J., & Streufert, S. (1967). Human information processing. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
    • (1967)
    • Schroder, H.M.1    Driver, M.J.2    Streufert, S.3
  • 101
    • 0020628535 scopus 로고
    • Alienation, dogmatism, and related personality characteristics
    • 3
    • 3 Sexton, M. E. (1983). Alienation, dogmatism, and related personality characteristics. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 39, 80-86.
    • (1983) Journal of Clinical Psychology , vol.39 , pp. 80-86
    • Sexton, M.E.1
  • 102
    • 0017841574 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functioning and socio-political ideology
    • 3, Exploratory study.
    • 3 Sidanius, J. (1978a). Cognitive functioning and socio-political ideology: Exploratory study. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 46, 515-530.
    • (1978) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.46 , pp. 515-530
    • Sidanius, J.1
  • 103
    • 84984503256 scopus 로고
    • Intolerance of ambiguity and socio-politico ideology
    • 1, Multidimensional analysis.
    • 1 Sidanius, J. (1978b). Intolerance of ambiguity and socio-politico ideology: Multidimensional analysis. European Journal of Social Psychology, 8, 215-235.
    • (1978) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.8 , pp. 215-235
    • Sidanius, J.1
  • 104
    • 0001358756 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive functioning and sociopolitical ideology revisited
    • 1,3
    • 1, 3 Sidanius, J. (1985). Cognitive functioning and sociopolitical ideology revisited. Political Psychology, 6, 637-661.
    • (1985) Political Psychology , vol.6 , pp. 637-661
    • Sidanius, J.1
  • 105
    • 0001954644 scopus 로고
    • Political sophistication and political deviance
    • 1, A structural equation examination of context theory.
    • 1 Sidanius, J. (1988). Political sophistication and political deviance: A structural equation examination of context theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 37-51.
    • (1988) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.55 , pp. 37-51
    • Sidanius, J.1
  • 106
    • 29344472449 scopus 로고
    • Certain determinants and correlates of authoritarianism
    • 2
    • 2 Siegel, S. M. (1954). Certain determinants and correlates of authoritarianism. Genetic Psychological Monograph, 49, 187-230.
    • (1954) Genetic Psychological Monograph , vol.49 , pp. 187-230
    • Siegel, S.M.1
  • 107
    • 58149451077 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of hostility to authoritarianism
    • 5
    • 5 Siegel, S. M. (1956). The relationship of hostility to authoritarianism. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 52, 368-372.
    • (1956) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 368-372
    • Siegel, S.M.1
  • 108
    • 0032537855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between political preference and judgments of President Clinton's integrity depends on cognitive complexity
    • 3.
    • 3 Sigall, H., & Johnson, M. B. (1998). The relationship between political preference and judgments of President Clinton's integrity depends on cognitive complexity. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 1465-1476.
    • (1998) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.28 , pp. 1465-1476
    • Sigall, H.1    Johnson, M.B.2
  • 109
    • 78149380399 scopus 로고
    • 5, Social dysfunction, personality and social distance attitudes. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Society.
    • 5 Srole, L. (1951). Social dysfunction, personality and social distance attitudes. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Society.
    • (1951)
    • Srole, L.1
  • 110
    • 34248966505 scopus 로고
    • Ethnocentrism and tolerance of trait "inconsistency."
    • 2
    • 2 Steiner, I. D. (1954). Ethnocentrism and tolerance of trait "inconsistency." Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 49, 349-354.
    • (1954) Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 349-354
    • Steiner, I.D.1
  • 112
    • 0003766395 scopus 로고
    • Strength and weakness: The authoritarian personality today
    • In, W. F. Stone, G. Lederer, & R. Christie, Eds.), New York: Springer Verlag.
    • Stone, W. F., & Smith, L. D. (1993). Authoritarianism: Left and right. In W. F. Stone, G. Lederer, & R. Christie (Eds.), Strength and weakness: The authoritarian personality today (pp. 144-156). New York: Springer Verlag.
    • (1993) Authoritarianism: Left and right , pp. 144-156
    • Stone, W.F.1    Smith, L.D.2
  • 113
    • 78149379093 scopus 로고
    • Impression formation as a measure of complexity of conceptual structure
    • 3.
    • 3 Streufert, S., & Driver, M. J. (1967). Impression formation as a measure of complexity of conceptual structure. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 27, 1025-1039.
    • (1967) Educational and Psychological Measurement , vol.27 , pp. 1025-1039
    • Streufert, S.1    Driver, M.J.2
  • 114
    • 43449195515 scopus 로고
    • Field dependency, authoritarianism, and perception of the human figure
    • 4
    • 4 Stuart, I. R. (1965). Field dependency, authoritarianism, and perception of the human figure. Journal of Social Psychology, 66, 209-214.
    • (1965) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.66 , pp. 209-214
    • Stuart, I.R.1
  • 115
    • 0000684248 scopus 로고
    • Revolutionary leaders
    • Long-term success as a function of changes in conceptual complexity.
    • Suedfeld, P., & Rank, A. D. (1976). Revolutionary leaders: Long-term success as a function of changes in conceptual complexity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 169-178.
    • (1976) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.34 , pp. 169-178
    • Suedfeld, P.1    Rank, A.D.2
  • 116
    • 0002818761 scopus 로고
    • Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis
    • In, C. P. Smith, Ed.), New York: Cambridge University Press.
    • Suedfeld, P., Tetlock, P. E., & Streufert, S. (1992). Conceptual/integrative complexity. In C. P. Smith (Ed.), Motivation and personality: Handbook of thematic content analysis (pp. 393-400). New York: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1992) Conceptual/integrative complexity , pp. 393-400
    • Suedfeld, P.1    Tetlock, P.E.2    Streufert, S.3
  • 117
    • 0038041121 scopus 로고
    • Intolerance of ambiguity and ethnocentrism
    • 2
    • 2 Taft, R. (1956). Intolerance of ambiguity and ethnocentrism. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 20, 153-154.
    • (1956) Journal of Consulting Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 153-154
    • Taft, R.1
  • 118
    • 0001573444 scopus 로고
    • Influence of dogmatism, risk-taking propensity, and intelligence on decision-making strategies for a sample of industrial managers
    • 5.
    • 5 Taylor, R. N., & Dunnette, M. D. (1974). Influence of dogmatism, risk-taking propensity, and intelligence on decision-making strategies for a sample of industrial managers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59, 420-423.
    • (1974) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.59 , pp. 420-423
    • Taylor, R.N.1    Dunnette, M.D.2
  • 120
    • 0000033221 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive style and political belief systems in the British House of Commons
    • 3
    • 3 Tetlock, P. E. (1984). Cognitive style and political belief systems in the British House of Commons. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 365-375.
    • (1984) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.46 , pp. 365-375
    • Tetlock, P.E.1
  • 121
    • 0000285725 scopus 로고
    • Supreme Court decision making
    • 3.: Cognitive style as a predictor of ideological consistency of voting.
    • 3 Tetlock, P. E., Bernzweig, J., & Gallant, J. L. (1985). Supreme Court decision making: Cognitive style as a predictor of ideological consistency of voting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 1227-1239.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.48 , pp. 1227-1239
    • Tetlock, P.E.1    Bernzweig, J.2    Gallant, J.L.3
  • 122
    • 84928850660 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and rhetorical styles of traditionalist and reformist Soviet politicians
    • 3.: A content analysis study.
    • 3 Tetlock, P. E., & Boettger, R. (1989). Cognitive and rhetorical styles of traditionalist and reformist Soviet politicians: A content analysis study. Political Psychology, 10, 209-232.
    • (1989) Political Psychology , vol.10 , pp. 209-232
    • Tetlock, P.E.1    Boettger, R.2
  • 123
    • 0001121495 scopus 로고
    • Stability and change in the complexity of senatorial debate
    • 3.: Testing the cognitive versus rhetorical style hypotheses.
    • 3 Tetlock, P. E., Hannum, K. A., & Micheletti, P. M. (1984). Stability and change in the complexity of senatorial debate: Testing the cognitive versus rhetorical style hypotheses. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 979-990.
    • (1984) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.46 , pp. 979-990
    • Tetlock, P.E.1    Hannum, K.A.2    Micheletti, P.M.3
  • 124
    • 21144468352 scopus 로고
    • Flattering and unflattering personality portraits of integratively simple and complex managers
    • 3.
    • 3 Tetlock, P. E., Peterson, R. S., & Berry, J. M. (1993). Flattering and unflattering personality portraits of integratively simple and complex managers. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 500-511.
    • (1993) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.64 , pp. 500-511
    • Tetlock, P.E.1    Peterson, R.S.2    Berry, J.M.3
  • 125
    • 33847612455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrative complexity of 41 U.S. presidents
    • 3.
    • 3 Thoemmes, F. J., & Conway, L. G. (2007). Integrative complexity of 41 U.S. presidents. Political Psychology, 28, 193-226.
    • (2007) Political Psychology , vol.28 , pp. 193-226
    • Thoemmes, F.J.1    Conway, L.G.2
  • 126
    • 0015355655 scopus 로고
    • Measuring authoritarianism
    • 5.: A comparison of the F and D scales.
    • 5 Thompson, R. C., & Michel, J. B. (1972). Measuring authoritarianism: A comparison of the F and D scales. Journal of Personality, 40, 180-190.
    • (1972) Journal of Personality , vol.40 , pp. 180-190
    • Thompson, R.C.1    Michel, J.B.2
  • 127
    • 84950968258 scopus 로고
    • Dogmatism and divergent-convergent abilities
    • 5.
    • 5 Uhes, M. J., & Shaver, J. P. (1970). Dogmatism and divergent-convergent abilities. Journal of Psychology, 75, 3-11.
    • (1970) Journal of Psychology , vol.75 , pp. 3-11
    • Uhes, M.J.1    Shaver, J.P.2
  • 130
    • 33847031317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contemporary attitudes and their ideological representation in Flanders (Belgium), Poland and the Ukraine
    • Van Hiel, A., & Kossowska, M. (2007). Contemporary attitudes and their ideological representation in Flanders (Belgium), Poland and the Ukraine. International Journal of Psychology, 42, 16-26.
    • (2007) International Journal of Psychology , vol.42 , pp. 16-26
    • Van Hiel, A.1    Kossowska, M.2
  • 131
    • 0036579263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining conservative beliefs and political preferences
    • A comparison of social dominance orientation and authoritarianism.
    • Van Hiel, A., & Mervielde, I. (2002). Explaining conservative beliefs and political preferences: A comparison of social dominance orientation and authoritarianism. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32, 965-976.
    • (2002) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.32 , pp. 965-976
    • Van Hiel, A.1    Mervielde, I.2
  • 132
    • 0347526277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The measurement of cognitive complexity and its relationship with political extremism
    • 3.
    • 3 Van Hiel, A., & Mervielde, I. (2003). The measurement of cognitive complexity and its relationship with political extremism. Political Psychology, 24, 781-801.
    • (2003) Political Psychology , vol.24 , pp. 781-801
    • Van Hiel, A.1    Mervielde, I.2
  • 133
    • 58149446927 scopus 로고
    • Generality of cognitive complexity-simplicity as a personality construct
    • 2,3,4
    • 2, 3, 4 Vannoy, J. S. (1965). Generality of cognitive complexity-simplicity as a personality construct. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2, 385-396.
    • (1965) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 385-396
    • Vannoy, J.S.1
  • 134
    • 78149389037 scopus 로고
    • Peer judgments of teaching competence as a function of field independence and dogmatism
    • 4
    • 4 Victor, J. B. (1976). Peer judgments of teaching competence as a function of field independence and dogmatism. Journal of Experimental Education, 44, 10-13.
    • (1976) Journal of Experimental Education , vol.44 , pp. 10-13
    • Victor, J.B.1
  • 135
    • 0013831140 scopus 로고
    • A study of co-judgment processes
    • 2.
    • 2 Warr, P. B., & Sims, A. (1965). A study of co-judgment processes. Journal of Personality, 33, 598-604.
    • (1965) Journal of Personality , vol.33 , pp. 598-604
    • Warr, P.B.1    Sims, A.2
  • 136
    • 84950957446 scopus 로고
    • Creativity, dogmatism, and arithmetic achievement
    • 5.
    • 5 Williams, J. D., Harlow, S. D., & Borgen, J. S. (1971). Creativity, dogmatism, and arithmetic achievement. Journal of Psychology, 78, 217-222.
    • (1971) Journal of Psychology , vol.78 , pp. 217-222
    • Williams, J.D.1    Harlow, S.D.2    Borgen, J.S.3
  • 139
    • 0346688337 scopus 로고
    • Handbook of general psychology
    • In, B. B. Wolman, Ed.), Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
    • Wolitzky, D. L., & Wachtel, P. L. (1973). Personality and perception. In B. B. Wolman (Ed.), Handbook of general psychology (pp. 826-857). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
    • (1973) Personality and perception , pp. 826-857
    • Wolitzky, D.L.1    Wachtel, P.L.2
  • 140
    • 0015717250 scopus 로고
    • Authoritarian avoidance of ambiguity
    • 2
    • 2 Zacker, J. (1973). Authoritarian avoidance of ambiguity. Psychological Reports, 33, 901-902.
    • (1973) Psychological Reports , vol.33 , pp. 901-902
    • Zacker, J.1
  • 141
    • 58149451620 scopus 로고
    • Goal-setting rigidity in an ambiguous situation
    • 1
    • 1 Zelen, S. Y. (1955). Goal-setting rigidity in an ambiguous situation. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 19, 395-399.
    • (1955) Journal of Consulting Psychology , vol.19 , pp. 395-399
    • Zelen, S.Y.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.