메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 53, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 517-533

Ethical issues in translational research

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIOETHICS; ETHICS; EUROPE; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; PUBLIC HEALTH; TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH; UNITED STATES;

EID: 78149235985     PISSN: 00315982     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 52449090857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ethics of phase 0 oncology trials
    • Abdoler, E., H.Taylor, and D.Wendler. 2008.The ethics of phase 0 oncology trials. Clin Canc Res 14(12):3692-3697
    • (2008) Clin Canc Res , vol.14 , Issue.12 , pp. 3692-3697
    • Abdoler, E.1    Taylor, H.2    Wendler, D.3
  • 2
    • 44449168577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building the bridge from bench to bedside
    • Adams-Jill, U. 2008. Building the bridge from bench to bedside. Nat Rev Drug Discov 7(6):463-464
    • (2008) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.7 , Issue.6 , pp. 463-464
    • Adams-Jill, U.1
  • 3
    • 69949121341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The advancement of translational medicine: From regional challenges to global solutions
    • Albani, S., and B. Prakken. 2009.The advancement of translational medicine: From regional challenges to global solutions. Nat Med 15(9):1006-1009
    • (2009) Nat Med , vol.15 , Issue.9 , pp. 1006-1009
    • Albani, S.1    Prakken, B.2
  • 4
    • 78149262159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First steps in the development of an international bio-law
    • C. Gastmans, et al., Antwerp: Intersentia
    • Andorno, E. 2007. First steps in the development of an international bio-law. In New pathways for European bioethics, ed. C. Gastmans, et al., 121-18.Antwerp: Intersentia.
    • (2007) New Pathways for European Bioethics , pp. 121-181
    • Andorno, E.1
  • 5
    • 0036061815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is translational research
    • Birmingham, K. 2002.What is translational research. Nat Med 8(7):647.
    • (2002) Nat Med , vol.8 , Issue.7 , pp. 647
    • Birmingham, K.1
  • 6
    • 56149106772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translating new medical therapies into societal benefit:The role of population-based outcome studies
    • Booth, C., and W. J. MacKilliop. 2008. Translating new medical therapies into societal benefit:The role of population-based outcome studies. JAMA 300(18):217-219
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.300 , Issue.18 , pp. 217-219
    • Booth, C.1    MacKilliop, W.J.2
  • 7
    • 45149104960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translational research: Crossing the valley of death
    • Butler, D. 2008. Translational research: Crossing the valley of death. Nature 453(7197): 840-842
    • (2008) Nature , vol.453 , Issue.7197 , pp. 840-842
    • Butler, D.1
  • 8
    • 78149278260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) About knowledge translation. Ottawa: CIHR
    • Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). 2008. About knowledge translation. Ottawa: CIHR. http://www.cihr.ca/e/29418.html.
    • (2008)
  • 9
    • 45849140177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From strangers to partners: Emerging forms of research ethics consultation
    • Carter, M.A., and S. S. Night. 2008. From strangers to partners: Emerging forms of research ethics consultation. Am J Bioeth 8(3):29-31.
    • (2008) Am J Bioeth , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 29-31
    • Carter, M.A.1    Night, S.S.2
  • 10
    • 45849147387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strangers at the benchside: Research ethics consultation
    • Cho, M. K., et al. 2008. Strangers at the benchside: Research ethics consultation. Am J Bioeth 8(3):4-13.
    • (2008) Am J Bioeth , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 4-13
    • Cho, M.K.1
  • 11
    • 0037447488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translation of highly promising basic science research into clinical applications
    • Contopoulos-Ioannidis, D. G., E. Ntzani, and J. P. Ionannidis. 2003.Translation of highly promising basic science research into clinical applications. Am J Med 114(6):477-484
    • (2003) Am J Med , vol.114 , Issue.6 , pp. 477-484
    • Contopoulos-Ioannidis, D.G.1    Ntzani, E.2    Ionannidis, J.P.3
  • 12
    • 27644557706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promoting translational research in academic health centers:Navigating the "roadmap."
    • Cripe,T. P., et al. 2005. Promoting translational research in academic health centers:Navigating the "roadmap." Acad Med 80(11):1012-1018
    • (2005) Acad Med , vol.80 , Issue.11 , pp. 1012-1018
    • Cripe, T.P.1
  • 13
    • 61149618729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public goods
    • ed. L. C. Becker and C. B. Becker, NewYork: Routledge
    • Cullity, G. 2001. Public goods. In Encyclopedia of ethics, vol.3, ed. L. C. Becker and C. B. Becker, 1413-1416 NewYork: Routledge.
    • (2001) Encyclopedia of Ethics , vol.3 , pp. 1413-1416
    • Cullity, G.1
  • 14
    • 78149235383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Department of Health, Expert Group on Phase I ClinicalTrials. JointABPI/BIA report. Early Stage ClinicalTrialTask Force. Final report. London:Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry
    • Department of Health. 2006.Expert Group on Phase I ClinicalTrials. JointABPI/BIA report. Early Stage ClinicalTrialTask Force. Final report. London:Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry.
    • (2006)
  • 15
    • 78149236890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS),National Institutes of Health and Office for Human Research Protection, The common rule, title 45 (public welfare), Code of Federal Regulations, part 46 (Protection of human subjects)
    • Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). 2009.National Institutes of Health and Office for Human Research Protection. The common rule, title 45 (public welfare), Code of Federal Regulations, part 46 (Protection of human subjects). http://www.hhs.gov/ ohrp/humansubjects/guidance /45cfr46.htm.
    • (2009)
  • 17
    • 0039368498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current scope and concerns in public health
    • ed. R. Detels, et al, Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press
    • Detels,R., and L. Breslow. 2002. Current scope and concerns in public health. In Oxford textbook of public health, ed. R. Detels, et al, 3-20. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
    • (2002) Oxford Textbook of Public Health , pp. 3-20
    • Detels, R.1    Breslow, L.2
  • 18
    • 0033565691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What's the price of a research subject? Approaches to payment for research participation
    • Dickert, N., and C. Grady. 1999.What's the price of a research subject? Approaches to payment for research participation. N Engl J Med 341(3):198-203.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , Issue.3 , pp. 198-203
    • Dickert, N.1    Grady, C.2
  • 19
    • 61349126697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-in-human trial participants:Not a vulnerable population, but vulnerable nonetheless
    • Dresser,R. 2009. First-in-human trial participants:Not a vulnerable population, but vulnerable nonetheless. J Law Med Ethics 37(1):38-50.
    • (2009) J Law Med Ethics , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 38-50
    • Dresser, R.1
  • 20
    • 78149247152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EATRIS (European Advanced Translational Research Infrastructure in Medicine)
    • EATRIS (European Advanced Translational Research Infrastructure in Medicine). 2008. http://www.eatris.eu.
    • (2008)
  • 21
    • 0015222881 scopus 로고
    • Social values and research in human embryology
    • Edwards,R. G., and D. J. Sharpe. 1971. Social values and research in human embryology. Nature 231(5298):87-91.
    • (1971) Nature , vol.231 , Issue.5298 , pp. 87-91
    • Edwards, R.G.1    Sharpe, D.J.2
  • 22
    • 52449115462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase 0 trials:An industry perspective
    • Eliopoulos, H., et al. 2008. Phase 0 trials:An industry perspective. Clin Canc Res 14(12): 3683-3688
    • (2008) Clin Canc Res , vol.14 , Issue.12 , pp. 3683-3688
    • Eliopoulos, H.1
  • 23
    • 0034737962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What makes clinical research ethical?
    • Emanuel, E. J., D.Wendler, and C. Grady. 2000.What makes clinical research ethical? JAMA 283(20):2701-2711
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , Issue.20 , pp. 2701-2711
    • Emanuel, E.J.1    Wendler, D.2    Grady, C.3
  • 24
    • 78149267694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Commission. Research ethics committees in Europe: Facing the future together. Conference on research ethics committees in Europe. Final report Brussels, January 2005 27-28
    • European Commission. 2005. Research ethics committees in Europe: Facing the future together. Conference on research ethics committees in Europe. Final report Brussels, 27-28 January 2005. http://ec.europa.eu/research/conferences/ 2005/recs/index-en. htm.
    • (2005)
  • 25
    • 33644943520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. Directive 2001/20/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 April 2001 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to the implementation of good clinical practice in the conduct of clinical trials on medicinal products of human use. May 1. L121
    • European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. 2001. Directive 2001/20/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 April 2001 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to the implementation of good clinical practice in the conduct of clinical trials on medicinal products of human use. Off J Eur Communities, May 1. L121: 34-44.
    • (2001) Off J Eur Communities , pp. 34-44
  • 26
    • 33745956333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encouraging translational research through harmonization of FDA and common rule informed consent requirements for research with banked specimens
    • Evans, B. J., and E.M.Meslin. 2006. Encouraging translational research through harmonization of FDA and common rule informed consent requirements for research with banked specimens. J Legal Med 27(2):119-166
    • (2006) J Legal Med , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 119-166
    • Evans, B.J.1    Meslin, E.M.2
  • 27
    • 2342444713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should patients be allowed to veto their participation in clinical research?
    • Evans, H.M. 2004. Should patients be allowed to veto their participation in clinical research? J Med Ethics 30(2):198-203.
    • (2004) J Med Ethics , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 198-203
    • Evans, H.M.1
  • 28
    • 45849100199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Keeping society form the benchside
    • Evans, J. H. 2008. Keeping society form the benchside. Am J Bioethics 8(3):14-16.
    • (2008) Am J Bioethics , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 14-16
    • Evans, J.H.1
  • 30
    • 43549117722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nomenclature in translational research
    • Fiscella, K., N. M. Bennett, and P. G. Szilagy. 2008. Nomenclature in translational research. JAMA 299(18):2148-2149
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.299 , Issue.18 , pp. 2148-2149
    • Fiscella, K.1    Bennett, N.M.2    Szilagy, P.G.3
  • 31
    • 78149255436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Critical Path Report. Innovation or stagnation: Challenge and opportunity on the critical path to new medical products.Washington, DC: FDA
    • Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2004. Critical Path Report. Innovation or stagnation: Challenge and opportunity on the critical path to new medical products.Washington, DC: FDA.
    • (2004)
  • 32
    • 78149234055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food and Drug Administration (FDA),Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) Guidance for industry, investigators end reviewers: Exploratory IND studies.Washington, DC: FDA
    • Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2006. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER).Guidance for industry, investigators end reviewers: Exploratory IND studies.Washington, DC: FDA.
    • (2006)
  • 33
    • 3142650953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethics consultation in U.S. hospitals: A national study and its implications
    • Baltimore:American Society for Bioethics and Humanities, October 24,2002
    • Fox, E. 2002. Ethics consultation in U.S. hospitals:A national study and its implications.Annual Meeting of the American Society for Bioethics and Humanities. October 24, 2002. Baltimore:American Society for Bioethics and Humanities.
    • (2002) Annual Meeting of the American Society for Bioethics and Humanities
    • Fox, E.1
  • 35
    • 32144462704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paying research subjects
    • 2nd ed., ed. E.A. Bankert and R. J.Amdur, Sudbury, MA: John and Bartlett
    • Gordon, B. G., et al. 2002. Paying research subjects. In Institutional review board: Management and function, 2nd ed., ed. E.A. Bankert and R. J.Amdur, 154-159 Sudbury, MA: John and Bartlett.
    • (2002) Institutional Review Board: Management and Function , pp. 154-159
    • Gordon, B.G.1
  • 36
    • 0037431311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consent forms for oncology trials
    • Grady, C., E. Emanuel, and S. Horng. 2003. Consent forms for oncology trials. N Engl J Med 348(15):1496-1497
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , Issue.15 , pp. 1496-1497
    • Grady, C.1    Emanuel, E.2    Horng, S.3
  • 37
    • 52449126719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient perspectives on phase 0 clinical trials
    • Gutierrez, M., and D. Collyar. 2008. Patient perspectives on phase 0 clinical trials. Clin Canc Res 14(12):3689-3691
    • (2008) Clin Canc Res , vol.14 , Issue.12 , pp. 3689-3691
    • Gutierrez, M.1    Collyar, D.2
  • 38
    • 0035199317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The promise of translational physiology
    • Hall, J. E. 2001. The promise of translational physiology. Am J Physiol 281(5):G1127-G1128.
    • (2001) Am J Physiol , vol.281 , Issue.5
    • Hall, J.E.1
  • 39
    • 33747082907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research ethics committees in Europe: Implementing the directive, respecting diversity
    • Hedgecoe, A., et al. 2006. Research ethics committees in Europe: Implementing the directive, respecting diversity. J Med Ethics 32(8):483-486
    • (2006) J Med Ethics , vol.32 , Issue.8 , pp. 483-486
    • Hedgecoe, A.1
  • 40
    • 22544448947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obstacles and opportunities in translational research
    • Horig,H., E.Marincola, and F.M.Marincola. 2005.Obstacles and opportunities in translational research. Nat Med 11(7):705-708
    • (2005) Nat Med , vol.11 , Issue.7 , pp. 705-708
    • Horig, H.1    Marincola, E.2    Marincola, F.M.3
  • 41
    • 42449147969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bench to bedside:Mapping the moral terrain of clinical research
    • Joffe, S., and F. G.Miller. 2008. Bench to bedside:Mapping the moral terrain of clinical research. Hastings Cent Rep 38(2):30-42.
    • (2008) Hastings Cent Rep , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 30-42
    • Joffe, S.1    Miller, F.G.2
  • 43
    • 36849015815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethics at phase 0:Clarifying the issues
    • Kimmelman, J. 2007. Ethics at phase 0:Clarifying the issues. J Law Med Ethics 35(4):727-733
    • (2007) J Law Med Ethics , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 727-733
    • Kimmelman, J.1
  • 44
    • 37749023965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Staunch protections: The ethics of haemophilia gene transfer research
    • Kimmelman, J. 2008. Staunch protections: The ethics of haemophilia gene transfer research. Haemophilia 14(1):5-14.
    • (2008) Haemophilia , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-14
    • Kimmelman, J.1
  • 46
    • 36849025282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zeroing in on microdosing
    • Korieth, K. 2005. Zeroing in on microdosing. CenterWatch 12(2):1-17.
    • (2005) CenterWatch , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 1-17
    • Korieth, K.1
  • 47
    • 67650360738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase 0 trials: A platform for drug development? Editorial Lancet
    • Lancet. 2009. Phase 0 trials: A platform for drug development? Editorial. Lancet 374(9685):176.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , Issue.9685 , pp. 176
  • 48
    • 0037812465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How can research organizations more effectively transfer research knowledge to decision makers?
    • Lavis, J.N., et al. 2003.How can research organizations more effectively transfer research knowledge to decision makers? Milbank Q 81(2):221-248
    • (2003) Milbank Q , vol.81 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-248
    • Lavis, J.N.1
  • 49
    • 51249117945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translational research: From evidence based medicine to sustainable solutions for public health problems
    • Lean, M. E. J., et al. 2008.Translational research: From evidence based medicine to sustainable solutions for public health problems. BMJ 337(7672):705-706
    • (2008) BMJ , vol.337 , Issue.7672 , pp. 705-706
    • Lean, M.E.J.1
  • 50
    • 54249137706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translational public health: Rehearsing the evidence until the task is done
    • Leung,G.M., and S.Gray. 2008.Translational public health: rehearsing the evidence until the task is done. J Pub Health 30(3):217-218
    • (2008) J Pub Health , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 217-218
    • Leung, G.M.1    Gray, S.2
  • 51
    • 33747623709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reasonable risk in clinical research:A critique and a proposal for the integrative approach
    • London,A. J. 2006.Reasonable risk in clinical research:A critique and a proposal for the integrative approach. Stat Med 25(17):2869-2885
    • (2006) Stat Med , vol.25 , Issue.17 , pp. 2869-2885
    • London, A.J.1
  • 52
    • 45849146196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ethos and ethics of translational research
    • Maienschein, J., et al. 2008.The ethos and ethics of translational research. Am J Bioeth 8(3):43-51.
    • (2008) Am J Bioeth , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 43-51
    • Maienschein, J.1
  • 53
    • 0742272223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translational medicine: A two-way road
    • Marincola, F. 2003.Translational medicine: A two-way road. J Transl Med 1(1):1.
    • (2003) J Transl Med , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 1
    • Marincola, F.1
  • 54
    • 72449204152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limits to research risks
    • Miller, F. G., and S. Joffe. Limits to research risks. J Med Ethics 35(7):445-449
    • J Med Ethics , vol.35 , Issue.7 , pp. 445-449
    • Miller, F.G.1    Joffe, S.2
  • 55
    • 52449091099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing phase 0 cancer clinical trials
    • Murgo, A. J., et al. 2008. Designing phase 0 cancer clinical trials. Clin Canc Res 14(12): 3675-3682
    • (2008) Clin Canc Res , vol.14 , Issue.12 , pp. 3675-3682
    • Murgo, A.J.1
  • 56
    • 37349089029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-in-man (FIM) clinical trials post TeGenero: A review of the impact of TeGenero trial on design, conduct and ethics of FIM trials
    • Nada, A., and J. Somberg. 2007. First-in-man (FIM) clinical trials post TeGenero: A review of the impact of TeGenero trial on design, conduct and ethics of FIM trials. Am J Ther 14(6):594-604.
    • (2007) Am J Ther , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 594-604
    • Nada, A.1    Somberg, J.2
  • 58
    • 61349113419 scopus 로고
    • First time in man studies:A Contract Research Organization perspective
    • O'Donnell,D.O. 1990. First time in man studies:A Contract Research Organization perspective. J Clin Pharmacol 30(3):217-218
    • (1990) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 217-218
    • O'Donnell, D.O.1
  • 59
    • 78149239181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Operational Research Society. What operational research is
    • Operational Research Society. 2009.What operational research is. http://www.orsoc. org.uk/orshop/ (0mr3lk2kfcpddfzeopftsp55)/orcontent.aspx?inc= about.htm.
    • (2009)
  • 61
    • 38849202995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From theory to practice:Translating research into health outcomes. Editorial PLoS Med
    • PLoS Medicine. 2008. From theory to practice:Translating research into health outcomes. Editorial. PLoS Med 5(1):e15.
    • (2008) PLoS Medicine , vol.5 , Issue.1
  • 62
    • 55549139481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translating evidence into practice:A model for large scale knowledge translation
    • Pronovost, P. J., S. M. Berenholtz, and D. M. Needham. 2008.Translating evidence into practice:A model for large scale knowledge translation. BMJ 337(7676):963-965
    • (2008) BMJ , vol.337 , Issue.7676 , pp. 963-965
    • Pronovost, P.J.1    Berenholtz, S.M.2    Needham, D.M.3
  • 63
    • 12344253121 scopus 로고
    • Genetic therapy: A theologian's response
    • ed.M. Hamilton. Grand Rapids,MI:William B. Eerdemans
    • Ramsey, P. 1972. Genetic therapy: A theologian's response. In The new genetics and the future of man, ed.M. Hamilton. Grand Rapids,MI:William B. Eerdemans.
    • (1972) The New Genetics and the Future of Man
    • Ramsey, P.1
  • 64
    • 78149244123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical issues in innovative surgery
    • ed.V. Ravitsky, A. Fiester, and A. L. Caplan, NewYork: Springer
    • Reitsma, A. M. 2009. Ethical issues in innovative surgery. In The Penn Center guide to bioethics, ed.V. Ravitsky, A. Fiester, and A. L. Caplan, 223-233 NewYork: Springer.
    • (2009) The Penn Center Guide to Bioethics , pp. 223-233
    • Reitsma, A.M.1
  • 65
    • 0036988473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic ethical principles in European bioethics and biolaw: Autonomy, dignity, integrity and vulnerability-towards a foundation of bioethics and bio-law
    • Rendtorff, J. D. 2002. Basic ethical principles in European bioethics and biolaw: Autonomy, dignity, integrity and vulnerability-towards a foundation of bioethics and bio-law. Med Health Care Philos 5(3):235-244
    • (2002) Med Health Care Philos , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 235-244
    • Rendtorff, J.D.1
  • 66
    • 26944433123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking research ethics
    • Rhodes, R. 2005. Rethinking research ethics. Am J Bioeth 5(1):7-28.
    • (2005) Am J Bioeth , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 7-28
    • Rhodes, R.1
  • 68
    • 0028398177 scopus 로고
    • First-person plural: Community and method in ethics consultation
    • Rubin, S., and L. Zoloth-Dorfman. 1994. First-person plural: Community and method in ethics consultation. J Clin Ethics 5(1):49-54.
    • (1994) J Clin Ethics , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-54
    • Rubin, S.1    Zoloth-Dorfman, L.2
  • 69
    • 45849147009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experts at the benchside
    • Saunders, P.T. 2008. Experts at the benchside. Am J Bioeth 8(3):20-21.
    • (2008) Am J Bioeth , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 20-21
    • Saunders, P.T.1
  • 70
    • 67650001781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The obligation to participate in biomedical research
    • Schaefer, G. O., E. J. Emanuel, and A.Wertheimer. 2009.The obligation to participate in biomedical research. JAMA 302(1):67-72.
    • (2009) JAMA , vol.302 , Issue.1 , pp. 67-72
    • Schaefer, G.O.1    Emanuel, E.J.2    Wertheimer, A.3
  • 71
    • 0042848548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global public goods and health
    • Smith, R. D. 2003. Global public goods and health. BullWHO 81(7):475.
    • (2003) BullWHO , vol.81 , Issue.7 , pp. 475
    • Smith, R.D.1
  • 72
    • 0642368335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translation of academic discovery into societal benefit: Proposal for a balanced approach. Part 1
    • Stamler, J. S.,R. L.Taber, and R.M. Califf. 2003a.Translation of academic discovery into societal benefit: Proposal for a balanced approach. Part 1. Am J Med 115(7):596-599
    • (2003) Am J Med , vol.115 , Issue.7 , pp. 596-599
    • Stamler, J.S.1    Taber, R.L.2    Califf, R.M.3
  • 73
    • 8144222994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translation of academic discovery into societal benefit: Proposal for a balanced approach. Part 2
    • Stamler, J. S.,R. L.Taber, and R.M. Califf. 2003b.Translation of academic discovery into societal benefit: Proposal for a balanced approach. Part 2. Am J Med 115(8):583-588
    • (2003) Am J Med , vol.115 , Issue.8 , pp. 583-588
    • Stamler, J.S.1    Taber, R.L.2    Califf, R.M.3
  • 74
    • 0037186921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protecting research subjects:The crisis of John Hopkins
    • Steinbrook, R. 2002. Protecting research subjects:The crisis of John Hopkins. N Engl J Med 346(9):1904-1906
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , Issue.9 , pp. 1904-1906
    • Steinbrook, R.1
  • 75
    • 68549122978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining knowledge translation
    • Straus, S. E., J. Tetroe, and I. Graham. 2009. Defining knowledge translation. CMAJ 181(3-4):165-168
    • (2009) CMAJ , vol.181 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 165-168
    • Straus, S.E.1    Tetroe, J.2    Graham, I.3
  • 76
    • 0032873764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical considerations in leaping from bench to bedside
    • Sugarman, J. 1999. Ethical considerations in leaping from bench to bedside. Science 285(5436):2071-2072
    • (1999) Science , vol.285 , Issue.5436 , pp. 2071-2072
    • Sugarman, J.1
  • 77
    • 33748416499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine storm in a phase I trial of the anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody TGN1412
    • Suntharalingam,G., et al. 2006.Cytokine storm in a phase I trial of the anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody TGN1412. N Engl J Med 355(10):1018-1028
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , Issue.10 , pp. 1018-1028
    • Suntharalingam, G.1
  • 78
    • 0242333172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeat participation among normal healthy research volunteers: Professional guinea pigs in clinical trials?
    • Tishler, C. L., and S. Bartholomae. 2003. Repeat participation among normal healthy research volunteers: Professional guinea pigs in clinical trials? Perspect Biol Med 46(3): 508-520
    • (2003) Perspect Biol Med , vol.46 , Issue.3 , pp. 508-520
    • Tishler, C.L.1    Bartholomae, S.2
  • 80
    • 34250026706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to get research into practice: First get practice into research
    • Walley, J., et al. 2007. How to get research into practice: First get practice into research. BullWHO 85(6):424-425
    • (2007) BullWHO , vol.85 , Issue.6 , pp. 424-425
    • Walley, J.1
  • 81
    • 33646379402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Injury to research volunteers:The clinical-research nightmare
    • Wood, A. J., and J. Darbshire. 2006. Injury to research volunteers:The clinical-research nightmare. N Engl J Med 354(18):1869-1871
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , Issue.18 , pp. 1869-1871
    • Wood, A.J.1    Darbshire, J.2
  • 82
    • 38049096095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The meaning of translational research and why it matters
    • Woolf, S. H. 2008. The meaning of translational research and why it matters. JAMA 299(2):211-213
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.299 , Issue.2 , pp. 211-213
    • Woolf, S.H.1
  • 83
    • 0003491133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Medical Association (WMA). 1964-2008, Adopted by the 18th WMA General Assembly, Helsinki, Finland, June 1964, amended on October 1975, September 1989, October 1996, October 2000, 2002 (note of clarification on Paragraph 29), 2004 (note of clarification on paragraph 30), and October 2008
    • World Medical Association (WMA). 1964-2008. Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Adopted by the 18th WMA General Assembly, Helsinki, Finland, June 1964, amended on October 1975, September 1989, October 1996, October 2000, 2002 (note of clarification on Paragraph 29), 2004 (note of clarification on paragraph 30), and October 2008. http://www.wma.net/en/ 30publications/10policies/b3/index.html.
    • Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects
  • 84
    • 0141642224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NIH roadmap
    • Zherouni, E. 2003.The NIH roadmap. Science 302(5642):63-72.
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , Issue.5642 , pp. 63-72
    • Zherouni, E.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.