A large-scale candidate gene association study of age at menarche and age at natural menopause

Human Genetics

Volumn 128, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 515-527

  He, Chunyan ^a   Kraft, Peter ^b   Chasman, Daniel I ^c   Buring, Julie E ^b,c   Chen, Constance ^b   Hankinson, Susan E ^b,c   Paré, Guillaume ^c   Chanock, Stephen ^d   Ridker, Paul M ^b,c   Hunter, David J ^b,c,e  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^d NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^e BROAD INSTITUTE OF MIT AND HARVARD   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BREAST CANCER; DELAYED PUBERTY; FALSE NEGATIVE RESULT; FEMALE; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; GENOTYPE; HUMAN; LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MENARCHE; MENOPAUSE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PHENOTYPE; PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY; PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; STEROID METABOLISM; STEROIDOGENESIS; ADOLESCENT; AGE; CHILD; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; GENETICS; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; NURSE; OBESITY; ONSET AGE; OVARY POLYCYSTIC DISEASE; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SMOKING; STATISTICAL MODEL; THROMBOPHILIA; TOBACCO DEPENDENCE; WOMEN'S HEALTH;

SEX HORMONE; SOMATOMEDIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA;

ADOLESCENT; AGE FACTORS; AGE OF ONSET; CHILD; FEMALE; GENETIC ASSOCIATION STUDIES; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; GENOTYPE; GONADAL STEROID HORMONES; HUMANS; LINEAR MODELS; MENARCHE; MENOPAUSE; MIDDLE AGED; NURSES; OBESITY; OVARIAN FAILURE, PREMATURE; PHENOTYPE; POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME; POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE; PUBERTY, DELAYED; PUBERTY, PRECOCIOUS; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SMOKING; SOMATOMEDINS; THROMBOPHILIA; TOBACCO USE DISORDER; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; WOMEN'S HEALTH;

EID: 78049415493     PISSN: 03406717     EISSN: 14321203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00439-010-0878-4     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Aulchenko YS, Struchalin MV, van Duijn CM (2010) ProbABEL package for genome-wide association analysis of imputed data. BMC Bioinformatics 11:134
2. AM Boot IM van der Sluis SM de Muinck Keizer-Schrama JB van Meurs EP Krenning HA Pols AG Uitterlinden 2004 Estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms and bone mineral density in healthy children and young adults Calcif Tissue Int 74 495 500 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXks1KmsbY%3D 10.1007/s00223-003-0168-4 15354856 (Pubitemid 38780284)
3. WC Chie YH Liu J Chi V Wu A Chen 1997 Predictive factors for early menarche in Taiwan J Formos Med Assoc 96 446 450 1:STN:280:DyaK2szlvFaitw%3D%3D 9216169
4. GA Colditz MJ Stampfer WC Willett WB Stason B Rosner CH Hennekens FE Speizer 1987 Reproducibility and validity of self-reported menopausal status in a prospective cohort study Am J Epidemiol 126 319 325 1:STN:280: DyaL2s3mslGgtw%3D%3D 3605058
5. JP de Bruin H Bovenhuis PA van Noord PL Pearson JA van Arendonk ER te Velde WW Kuurman M Dorland 2001 The role of genetic factors in age at natural menopause Hum Reprod 16 2014 2018 10.1093/humrep/16.9.2014 11527915
6. V Dvornyk JR Long PY Liu LJ Zhao H Shen RR Recker HW Deng 2006 Predictive factors for age at menopause in Caucasian females Maturitas 54 19 26 10.1016/j.maturitas.2005.08.005 16213680
7. S Ennis D Ward A Murray 2006 Nonlinear association between CGG repeat number and age of menopause in FMR1 premutation carriers Eur J Hum Genet 14 253 255 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xlt1ensg%3D%3D 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201510 16251893 (Pubitemid 43135871)
8. ZK Gajdos JL Butler KD Henderson C He P Supelak M Euyud 2008 Association studies of common variants in ten hypogonadotropic hypogonadism genes with age at menarche J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93 4224 4225 10.1210/jc.2008-0981 (Pubitemid 352789524)
9. X Gao J Starmer ER Martin 2008 A multiple testing correction method for genetic association studies using correlated single nucleotide polymorphisms Genet Epidemiol 32 361 369 10.1002/gepi.20310 18271029 (Pubitemid 351656307)
10. K Gauvreau 2006 Hypothesis testing: proportions Circulation 114 1545 1548 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.586487 17015806 (Pubitemid 44527010)
11. I Gorai K Tanaka M Inada H Morinaga Y Uchiyama R Kikuchi O Chaki F Hirahara 2003 Estrogen-metabolizing gene polymorphisms, but not estrogen receptor-alpha gene polymorphisms, are associated with the onset of menarche in healthy postmenopausal Japanese women J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88 799 803 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhtlChtLk%3D 10.1210/jc.2002-020353 12574216 (Pubitemid 36207825)
12. Y Guo H Shen P Xiao DH Xiong TL Yang YF Guo JR Long RR Recker HW Deng 2006 Genomewide linkage scan for quantitative trait loci underlying variation in age at menarche J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91 1009 1014 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28Xis1Cmtbo%3D 10.1210/jc.2005-2179 16394082 (Pubitemid 43357773)
13. Y Guo DH Xiong TL Yang YF Guo RR Recker HW Deng 2006 Polymorphisms of estrogen-biosynthesis genes CYP17 and CYP19 may influence age at menarche: a genetic association study in Caucasian females Hum Mol Genet 15 2401 2408 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xotlais7w%3D 10.1093/hmg/ddl155 16782804 (Pubitemid 44288694)
14. LN He DH Xiong YJ Liu F Zhang RR Recker HW Deng 2007 Association study of the oestrogen signalling pathway genes in relation to age at natural menopause J Genet 86 269 276 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXit1yisbY%3D 10.1007/s12041-007-0034-7 18305346 (Pubitemid 351362831)
15. He C, Kraft P, Chen C, Buring JE, Pare G, Hankinson SE, Chanock SJ, Ridker PM, Hunter DJ, Chasman DI (2009) Genome-wide association studies identify loci associated with age at menarche and age at natural menopause. Nat Genet
16. LA Hefler C Worda JC Huber CB Tempfer 2002 A polymorphism of the Nos3 gene and age at natural menopause Fertil Steril 78 1184 1186 10.1016/S0015-0282(02)04277-2 12477509 (Pubitemid 35463112)
17. LA Hefler C Grimm G Heinze C Schneeberger MW Mueller A Muendlein JC Huber S Leodolter CB Tempfer 2005 Estrogen-metabolizing gene polymorphisms and age at natural menopause in Caucasian women Hum Reprod 20 1422 1427 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjsFOmt7g%3D 10.1093/humrep/deh848 15774541 (Pubitemid 40790274)
18. JP Higgins SG Thompson 2002 Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis Stat Med 21 1539 1558 10.1002/sim.1186 12111919 (Pubitemid 34746062)
19. JN Hirschhorn D Altshuler 2002 Once and again-issues surrounding replication in genetic association studies J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87 4438 4441 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XnvFCkur0%3D 10.1210/jc.2002-021329 12364414 (Pubitemid 35247020)
20. DJ Hunter P Kraft KB Jacobs DG Cox M Yeager SE Hankinson S Wacholder Z Wang R Welch A Hutchinson J Wang K Yu N Chatterjee N Orr WC Willett GA Colditz RG Ziegler CD Berg SS Buys CA McCarty HS Feigelson EE Calle MJ Thun RB Hayes M Tucker DS Gerhard JF Fraumeni Jr RN Hoover G Thomas SJ Chanock 2007 A genome-wide association study identifies alleles in FGFR2 associated with risk of sporadic postmenopausal breast cancer Nat Genet 39 870 874 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXmvFKlsLg%3D 10.1038/ng2075 17529973 (Pubitemid 47014500)
21. M Ito M Yamada K Hayashi M Ohki M Uetani T Nakamura 1995 Relation of early menarche to high bone mineral density Calcif Tissue Int 57 11 14 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXmsFWnt78%3D 10.1007/BF00298989 7671158
22. R Kaaks A Lukanova MS Kurzer 2002 Obesity, endogenous hormones, and endometrial cancer risk: a synthetic review Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 11 1531 1543 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmsF2msQ%3D%3D 12496040
23. J Kaprio A Rimpela T Winter RJ Viken M Rimpela RJ Rose 1995 Common genetic influences on BMI and age at menarche Hum Biol 67 739 753 1:STN:280:DyaK28%2Flt1agsA%3D%3D 8543288
24. ME Kevenaar AP Themmen F Rivadeneira AG Uitterlinden JS Laven NM van Schoor P Lips HA Pols JA Visser 2007 A polymorphism in the AMH type II receptor gene is associated with age at menopause in interaction with parity Hum Reprod 22 2382 2388 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXpt1Cnurs%3D 10.1093/humrep/dem176 17636279 (Pubitemid 47289053)
25. HS Kok NC Onland-Moret KM van Asselt CH van Gils YT van der Schouw DE Grobbee PH Peeters 2005 No association of estrogen receptor alpha and cytochrome P450c17alpha polymorphisms with age at menopause in a Dutch cohort Hum Reprod 20 536 542 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXovVyluw%3D%3D 10.1093/humrep/deh600 15539439 (Pubitemid 40277629)
26. J Koochmeshgi SM Hosseini-Mazinani S Morteza Seifati N Hosein-Pur-Nobari L Teimoori-Toolabi 2004 Apolipoprotein E genotype and age at menopause Ann N Y Acad Sci 1019 564 567 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXms12nsb0%3D 10.1196/annals.1297.105 15247087 (Pubitemid 38951378)
27. D Kritz-Silverstein E Barrett-Connor 1993 Early menopause, number of reproductive years, and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women Am J Public Health 83 983 988 1:STN:280:DyaK3szhvFSgtA%3D%3D 10.2105/AJPH.83.7.983 8328621
28. G Kvale 1992 Reproductive factors in breast cancer epidemiology Acta Oncol 31 187 194 1:STN:280:DyaK38zit1amsg%3D%3D 10.3109/02841869209088901 1622633
29. J Lai D Vesprini W Chu H Jernstrom SA Narod 2001 CYP gene polymorphisms and early menarche Mol Genet Metab 74 449 457 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXptFegu78%3D 10.1006/mgme.2001.3260 11749050 (Pubitemid 34084654)
30. Li Y, Abecasis GR (2006) Mach 1.0: Rapid haplotype reconstruction and missing genotype inference. Am J Hum Genet S79:2290
31. JR Long H Xu LJ Zhao PY Liu H Shen YJ Liu DH Xiong P Xiao YZ Liu V Dvornyk JL Li RR Recker HW Deng 2005 The oestrogen receptor alpha gene is linked and/or associated with age of menarche in different ethnic groups J Med Genet 42 796 800 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtFyhu7fL 10.1136/jmg.2004.028381 16199553 (Pubitemid 41475258)
32. JR Long XO Shu Q Cai H Cai YT Gao F Jin W Zheng 2006 Polymorphisms of the CYP1B1 gene may be associated with the onset of natural menopause in Chinese women Maturitas 55 238 246 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XpvV2ltLo%3D 10.1016/j.maturitas. 2006.03.005 16766147 (Pubitemid 44419451)
33. J Mallolas M Duran A Sanchez D Jimenez S Castellvi-Bel M Rife M Mila 2001 Implications of the FMR1 gene in menopause: study of 147 Spanish women Menopause 8 106 110 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MzlsVemsw%3D%3D 10.1097/00042192-200103000- 00005 11256870
34. JM McClellan E Susser MC King 2007 Schizophrenia: a common disease caused by multiple rare alleles Br J Psychiatry 190 194 199 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.025585 17329737 (Pubitemid 46384001)
35. JM Meyer LJ Eaves AC Heath NG Martin 1991 Estimating genetic influences on the age-at-menarche: a survival analysis approach Am J Med Genet 39 148 154 1:STN:280:DyaK3M3ptVWitg%3D%3D 10.1002/ajmg.1320390207 2063916
36. ES Mitchell FM Farin PL Stapleton JM Tsai EY Tao K Smith-DiJulio NF Woods 2008 Association of estrogen-related polymorphisms with age at menarche, age at final menstrual period, and stages of the menopausal transition Menopause 15 105 111 17589376
37. JM Murabito Q Yang C Fox PW Wilson LA Cupples 2005 Heritability of age at natural menopause in the Framingham Heart Study J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90 3427 3430 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXkvFClt7o%3D 10.1210/jc.2005-0181 15769979 (Pubitemid 41014308)
38. JM Murabito Q Yang CS Fox LA Cupples 2005 Genome-wide linkage analysis to age at natural menopause in a community-based sample: the Framingham Heart Study Fertil Steril 84 1674 1679 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XntlSmtw%3D%3D 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.05.046 16359963 (Pubitemid 41785662)
39. A Must SM Phillips EN Naumova M Blum S Harris B Dawson-Hughes WM Rand 2002 Recall of early menstrual history and menarcheal body size: after 30 years, how well do women remember? Am J Epidemiol 155 672 679 1:STN:280: DC%2BD387osVSluw%3D%3D 10.1093/aje/155.7.672 11914195 (Pubitemid 34246100)
40. Ong KK, Elks CE, Li S, Zhao JH, Luan J, Andersen LB, Bingham SA, Brage S, Smith GD, Ekelund U, Gillson CJ, Glaser B, Golding J, Hardy R, Khaw KT, Kuh D, Luben R, Marcus M, McGeehin MA, Ness AR, Northstone K, Ring SM, Rubin C, Sims MA, Song K, Strachan DP, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Waterworth DM, Wong A, Deloukas P, Barroso I, Mooser V, Loos RJ, Wareham NJ (2009) Genetic variation in LIN28B is associated with the timing of puberty. Nat Genet
41. F Pan P Xiao Y Guo YJ Liu HY Deng RR Recker HW Deng 2008 Chromosomal regions 22q13 and 3p25 may harbor quantitative trait loci influencing both age at menarche and bone mineral density Hum Genet 123 419 427 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1cXks1Gjt78%3D 10.1007/s00439-008-0490-z 18379822 (Pubitemid 351524527)
42. N Patterson AL Price D Reich 2006 Population structure and eigenanalysis PLoS Genet 2 e190 10.1371/journal.pgen.0020190 17194218 (Pubitemid 46045188)
43. A Pechere-Bertschi M Burnier 2004 Female sex hormones, salt, and blood pressure regulation Am J Hypertens 17 994 1001 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXos12ju7o%3D 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.08.009 15485766 (Pubitemid 39361675)
44. PH Peeters AL Verbeek A Krol MM Matthyssen F de Waard 1995 Age at menarche and breast cancer risk in nulliparous women Breast Cancer Res Treat 33 55 61 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3mvVSrsA%3D%3D 10.1007/BF00666071 7749133
45. Perry JR, Stolk L, Franceschini N, Lunetta KL, Zhai G, McArdle PF, Smith AV, Aspelund T, Bandinelli S, Boerwinkle E, Cherkas L, Eiriksdottir G, Estrada K, Ferrucci L, Folsom AR, Garcia M, Gudnason V, Hofman A, Karasik D, Kiel DP, Launer LJ, van Meurs J, Nalls MA, Rivadeneira F, Shuldiner AR, Singleton A, Soranzo N, Tanaka T, Visser JA, Weedon MN, Wilson SG, Zhuang V, Streeten EA, Harris TB, Murray A, Spector TD, Demerath EW, Uitterlinden AG, Murabito JM (2009) Meta-analysis of genome-wide association data identifies two loci influencing age at menarche. Nat Genet
46. AL Price NJ Patterson RM Plenge ME Weinblatt NA Shadick D Reich 2006 Principal components analysis corrects for stratification in genome-wide association studies Nat Genet 38 904 909 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XnsVCgsrg%3D 10.1038/ng1847 16862161 (Pubitemid 44141658)
47. JK Pritchard NA Rosenberg 1999 Use of unlinked genetic markers to detect population stratification in association studies Am J Hum Genet 65 220 228 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXltlOnsrc%3D 10.1086/302449 10364535 (Pubitemid 30470467)
48. M Rees 1995 The age of menarche Orgyn 4 2 4 12319855
49. PM Ridker NR Cook IM Lee D Gordon JM Gaziano JE Manson CH Hennekens JE Buring 2005 A randomized trial of low-dose aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women N Engl J Med 352 1293 1304 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2MXislCjs7Y%3D 10.1056/NEJMoa050613 15753114 (Pubitemid 40411496)
50. PM Ridker DI Chasman RY Zee A Parker L Rose NR Cook JE Buring 2008 Rationale, design, and methodology of the Women's Genome Health Study: a genome-wide association study of more than 25, 000 initially healthy american women Clin Chem 54 249 255 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhs1Cmur0%3D 10.1373/clinchem.2007. 099366 18070814 (Pubitemid 351302617)
51. PM Ridker G Pare A Parker RY Zee JS Danik JE Buring D Kwiatkowski NR Cook JP Miletich DI Chasman 2008 Loci related to metabolic-syndrome pathways including LEPR, HNF1A, IL6R, and GCKR associate with plasma C-reactive protein: the Women's Genome Health Study Am J Hum Genet 82 1185 1192 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1cXlvFeqt7c%3D 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.03.015 18439548
52. A Rothenbuhler D Fradin S Heath H Lefevre C Bouvattier M Lathrop P Bougneres 2006 Weight-adjusted genome scan analysis for mapping quantitative trait Loci for menarchal age J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91 3534 3537 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xpslajur4%3D 10.1210/jc.2006-0150 16804047 (Pubitemid 44402133)
53. K Sharma 2002 Genetic basis of human female pelvic morphology: a twin study Am J Phys Anthropol 117 327 333 10.1002/ajpa.10055 11920368 (Pubitemid 34250518)
54. H Snieder AJ MacGregor TD Spector 1998 Genes control the cessation of a woman's reproductive life: a twin study of hysterectomy and age at menopause J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83 1875 1880 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjslCgtLw%3D 10.1210/jc.83.6.1875 9626112 (Pubitemid 28496309)
55. I Stavrou C Zois JP Ioannidis A Tsatsoulis 2002 Association of polymorphisms of the oestrogen receptor alpha gene with the age of menarche Hum Reprod 17 1101 1105 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xjs12isbw%3D 10.1093/humrep/17.4.1101 11925413
56. I Stavrou C Zois A Chatzikyriakidou I Georgiou A Tsatsoulis 2006 Combined estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta genotypes influence the age of menarche Hum Reprod 21 554 557 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XmslymtQ%3D%3D 10.1093/humrep/dei326 16210384 (Pubitemid 43159937)
57. Stolk L, Zhai G, van Meurs JB, Verbiest MM, Visser JA, Estrada K, Rivadeneira F, Williams FM, Cherkas L, Deloukas P, Soranzo N, de Keyzer JJ, Pop VJ, Lips P, Lebrun CE, van der Schouw YT, Grobbee DE, Witteman J, Hofman A, Pols HA, Laven JS, Spector TD, Uitterlinden AG (2009) Loci at chromosomes 13, 19 and 20 influence age at natural menopause. Nat Genet
58. Sulem P, Gudbjartsson DF, Rafnar T, Holm H, Olafsdottir EJ, Olafsdottir GH, Jonsson T, Alexandersen P, Feenstra B, Boyd HA, Aben KK, Verbeek AL, Roeleveld N, Jonasdottir A, Styrkarsdottir U, Steinthorsdottir V, Karason A, Stacey SN, Gudmundsson J, Jakobsdottir M, Thorleifsson G, Hardarson G, Gulcher J, Kong A, Kiemeney LA, Melbye M, Christiansen C, Tryggvadottir L, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stefansson K (2009) Genome-wide association study identifies sequence variants on 6q21 associated with age at menarche. Nat Genet
59. C Sundarrajan WX Liao AC Roy SC Ng 2001 Association between estrogen receptor-beta gene polymorphisms and ovulatory dysfunctions in patients with menstrual disorders J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86 135 139 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD3MXhtVGnsrY%3D 10.1210/jc.86.1.135 11231990 (Pubitemid 32109786)
60. ER te Velde PL Pearson 2002 The variability of female reproductive ageing Hum Reprod Update 8 141 154 10.1093/humupd/8.2.141 12099629 (Pubitemid 34428965)
61. CB Tempfer EK Riener C Keck C Grimm G Heinze JC Huber G Gitsch LA Hefler 2005 Polymorphisms associated with thrombophilia and vascular homeostasis and the timing of menarche and menopause in 728 white women Menopause 12 325 330 10.1097/01.GME.0000141760.98678.ED 15879922 (Pubitemid 40664215)
62. SA Treloar NG Martin 1990 Age at menarche as a fitness trait: nonadditive genetic variance detected in a large twin sample Am J Hum Genet 47 137 148 1:STN:280:DyaK3c3nsVSjuw%3D%3D 2349942
63. SA Treloar KA Do NG Martin 1998 Genetic influences on the age at menopause Lancet 352 1084 1085 1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2Fht12htw%3D%3D 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)79753-1 9798581 (Pubitemid 28448510)
64. KM van Asselt HS Kok PH Peeters M Roest PL Pearson ER te Velde DE Grobbee YT van der Schouw 2003 Factor V Leiden mutation accelerates the onset of natural menopause Menopause 10 477 481 10.1097/01.GME.0000056040.51813.1A 14501610
65. KM van Asselt HS Kok H Putter C Wijmenga PH Peeters YT van der Schouw DE Grobbee ER te Velde S Mosselman PL Pearson 2004 Linkage analysis of extremely discordant and concordant sibling pairs identifies quantitative trait loci influencing variation in human menopausal age Am J Hum Genet 74 444 453 10.1086/382136 14872408 (Pubitemid 38325915)
66. Y van der Graaf MJ de Kleijn YT van der Schouw 1997 Menopause and cardiovascular disease J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 18 113 120 10.3109/01674829709085577 9219107
67. YT van der Schouw Y van der Graaf EW Steyerberg JC Eijkemans JD Banga 1996 Age at menopause as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality Lancet 347 714 718 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)90075-6 8602000 (Pubitemid 26085645)
68. AE Weel AG Uitterlinden IC Westendorp H Burger SC Schuit A Hofman TJ Helmerhorst JP van Leeuwen HA Pols 1999 Estrogen receptor polymorphism predicts the onset of natural and surgical menopause J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84 3146 3150 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXlvVGksLg%3D 10.1210/jc.84.9.3146 10487678
69. C Worda K Walch M Sator W Eppel CB Tempfer C Schneeberger JC Huber LA Hefler 2004 The influence of Nos3 polymorphisms on age at menarche and natural menopause Maturitas 49 157 162 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXotlWjuro%3D 10.1016/j.maturitas.2004.01.004 15474760 (Pubitemid 39330428)
70. N Xita A Tsatsoulis I Stavrou I Georgiou 2005 Association of SHBG gene polymorphism with menarche Mol Hum Reprod 11 459 462 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2MXmvFegsbg%3D 10.1093/molehr/gah178 15879463 (Pubitemid 41418070)
71. WH Xu YB Xiang ZX Ruan W Zheng JR Cheng Q Dai YT Gao XO Shu 2004 Menstrual and reproductive factors and endometrial cancer risk: results from a population-based case-control study in urban Shanghai Int J Cancer 108 613 619 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjvFShtA%3D%3D 10.1002/ijc.11598 14696129 (Pubitemid 38036665)
72. L Yaich WD Dupont DR Cavener FF Parl 1992 Analysis of the PvuII restriction fragment-length polymorphism and exon structure of the estrogen receptor gene in breast cancer and peripheral blood Cancer Res 52 77 83 1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xls1Cqug%3D%3D 1345763
73. F Yang DH Xiong Y Guo H Shen P Xiao F Zhang H Jiang RR Recker HW Deng 2007 The chemokine (C-C-motif) receptor 3 (CCR3) gene is linked and associated with age at menarche in Caucasian females Hum Genet 121 35 42 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsFCgsLk%3D 10.1007/s00439-006-0295-x 17146638 (Pubitemid 46421138)
74. J Zhao DH Xiong Y Guo TL Yang RR Recker HW Deng 2007 Polymorphism in the insulin-like growth factor 1 gene is associated with age at menarche in caucasian females Hum Reprod 22 1789 1794 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXot1ejtb4%3D 10.1093/humrep/dem052 17376820 (Pubitemid 47055172)