Emergency Portacaval Shunt Versus Rescue Portacaval Shunt in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Emergency Treatment of Acutely Bleeding Esophageal Varices in Cirrhosis-Part 3

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

Volumn 14, Issue 11, 2010, Pages 1782-1795

  Orloff, Marshall J ^a   Isenberg, Jon I ^a   Wheeler, Henry O ^a   Haynes, Kevin S ^a   Jinich Brook, Horacio ^a   Rapier, Roderick ^a   Vaida, Florin ^a   Hye, Robert J ^a  

^a UCSD MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Bleeding; Cirrhosis; Sclerotherapy; Shunt; Varices

Indexed keywords

ACUTE DISEASE; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; COST; ECONOMICS; EMERGENCY; ENDOSCOPY; ESOPHAGUS VARICES; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HOSPITAL COST; HUMAN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; PORTOCAVAL SHUNT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RECURRENT DISEASE; SALVAGE THERAPY; SCLEROTHERAPY; SURVIVAL; TREATMENT FAILURE;

ACUTE DISEASE; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; COSTS AND COST ANALYSIS; EMERGENCIES; ENDOSCOPY; ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC VARICES; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HOSPITAL COSTS; HUMANS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PORTACAVAL SHUNT, SURGICAL; RECURRENCE; SALVAGE THERAPY; SCLEROTHERAPY; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TREATMENT FAILURE;

EID: 77958482880     PISSN: 1091255X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11605-010-1279-7     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Graham DY, Smith H. The course of patients after variceal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 1981; 80: 800-809.
2. Smith JL, Graham DY. Variceal hemorrhage: a critical evaluation of survival analysis. Gastroenterology 1982; 82: 968-973.
3. Burroughs AK, Mezzanotte G, Phillips A, McCormick PA, McIntyre N. Cirrhotics with variceal hemorrhage: the importance of the time interval between admission and the start of analysis for survival and rebleeding rates. Hepatology 1969; 9: 801-807.
4. Bornman PC, Krige JE, Terblanche J. Management of esophageal varices. Lancet 1994; 353: 1079-1084.
5. Khan S, Tudur Smith C, Williamson P, Sutton R. Portosystemic shunts versus endoscopic therapy for variceal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 1. Art. No. CD000553. doi: 10. 1002/14651858. CD000553. Pub 2.
6. Orloff MJ, Duguay LR, and Kosta LD. Criteria for selection of patients for emergency portacaval shunt. Am J Surg 1977; 134: 146-152.
7. Mikkelsen WP. Therapeutic portacaval shunt. Preliminary data on controlled trial and morbid effects of acute hyaline necrosis. Arch Surg 1974; 108: 302-305.
8. Terblanche J, Burroughs AK, Hobbs KEF. Controversies in the management of bleeding oesophageal varices. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 1393-1398.
9. D'Amico G, Pagliaro L, Bosch J. The treatment of portal hypertension: a meta-analytic review. Hepatology 1995; 22: 332-354.
10. Triantos CK, Goulis J, Patch D, Papatheodoridis GV, Leandro G, Samonakis D, Cholongitas E, and Burroughs AK. An evaluation of emergency sclerotherapy of varices in randomized trials: looking the needle in the eye. Endoscopy 2006; 38: 797-808.
11. Sorbi D, Gostout CJ, Peura D, Johnson D, Lanza F, Foutch PG, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR. An assessment of the management of acute bleeding varices: a multicenter prospective member-based study. Am J Gastroenterol 2003; 98: 2424-2434.
12. Krige JE, Shaw JM, Bornman PC. The evolving role of endoscopic treatment of esophageal varices. Wld J Surg 2005; 29: 966-973.
13. Garcia N Jr, Sanyal AJ. Portal hypertension. Clin Liver Dis. 2001; 5: 1-26.
14. Grace ND. Diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to portal hypertension. Am J Gastroenterol. 1997; 92: 1081-1091.
15. Abraldes JG, Angermayr B, Bosch J. The management of portal hypertension. Clin Liver Dis. 2005; 9: 685-713.
16. Khan S, Tudur Smith C, Williamson P, Sutton R. Portosystemic shunts versus endoscopic therapy for variceal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006: CD000553.
17. Grace ND. The side-to-side portacaval shunt revisited. N Engl J Med. 1994; 330: 208-209.
18. Pagliaro L, Burroughs AK, Sorensen TI, Lebrec D, Morabito A, D'Amico G, Tine F. Therapeutic controversies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs): prevention of bleeding and rebleeding in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology International 1989; 2: 71-84.
19. Wright AS, Rikkers LF. Current management of portal hypertension. J Gastrointest Surg. 2005; 9: 992-1005.
20. Rikkers LF, Jin G. Emergency shunt. Role in the present management of variceal bleeding. Arch Surg. 1995; 130: 472-477.
21. Capussotti L, Vergara V, Polastri R, Bouzari H, Galatola G. Liver function and encephalopathy after partial vs direct side-to-side portacaval shunt: A prospective randomized clinical trial. Surgery 2000; 127: 614-621.
22. Orloff MJ, Isenberg JI, Wheeler HO, Haynes KS, Jinich-Brook H, Rapier R, Vaida F, Hye RJ. Randomized trial of emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy versus emergency portacaval shunt for acutely bleeding esophageal varices in cirrhosis. J Am Coll Surg 2009; 209: 25-45.
23. Orloff MJ, Isenberg JI, Wheeler HO, Haynes KS, Jinich-Brook H, Rapier R, Vaida F, Hye RJ. Portal-systemic encephalopathy in a randomized controlled trial of endoscopic sclerotherapy versus emergency portacaval shunt treatment of acutely bleeding esophageal varices in cirrhosis. Ann Surg 2009; 250: 598-610.
24. Moher D, Schulz KF, Altman D. The CONSORT statement: revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomized trials. JAMA 2001; 285: 1987-1991.
25. Altman DG, Schulz KF, Moher D, Egger M, Davidoff F, Elbourne D, Gotzsche PC, Lang T. The revised CONSORT statement for reporting randomized trials: explanation and elaboration. Ann Intern Med 2001; 134: 663-694.
26. Orloff MJ, Orloff MS, Orloff SL, Rambotti M, Girard B. Three decades of experience with emergency portacaval shunt for acutely bleeding esophageal varices in 400 unselected patients with cirrhosis of the liver. J Am Coll Surg 1995; 180: 257-272.
27. Child III, CG, Turcotte JG. Surgery and portal hypertension. In: The Liver and Portal Hypertension. Edited by CG Child III. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 1-85, 1964.
28. Campbell DP, Parker DE, Anagnostopoulos CE. Survival prediction in portacaval shunt: a computerized statistical analysis. Am J Surg 1973; 126: 748-751.
29. Orloff MJ, Orloff SL, Orloff MS. Portacaval shunts: side-to-side and end-to-side. In: Atlas of Upper Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery. P-A Clavien, MG Saar, Y Fong, eds. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2007, pp. 687-702.
30. Gralnek IM, Jensen DM, Kovacs TOG, Jutabha R, Gornbein J, Cheng S, King J, Jensen ME. The economic impact of esophageal variceal hemorrhage: cost-effectiveness implications of endoscopic therapy. Hepatology 1999; 29: 44-50.
31. Eck NV. Kvoprosu o pbrevyazkie vorotnois veni. Prdvaritblmoye soobshtshjdmye. Voen Med Zh 1877; 130: 1-2.
32. Hahn M, Massen O, Nencki M, Pavlov J. Die Eck'sche Fistel zwischen der untern Hohlvene und der Pfortader und ihre Folgen fuer den Organismus. Arch Exp Pathol Pharmacol 1893; 32: 161-210.
33. Reynolds TB, Mikkelson WP, Redeker AG, Yamahiro HS. The effect of a side-to-side portacaval shunt on hepatic hemodynamics in cirrhosis. J Clin Invest 1962; 41: 1242-1248.
34. Ferguson JD. Hemodynamics in surgery for portal hypertension. Ann Surg 1963; 158: 383-386.
35. Price JB, Voorhees AB Jr, Britton RC. Operative hemodynamic studies in portal hypertension. Arch Surg 1967; 95: 843-852.
36. Burchell AR, Moreno AH, Panke WF, Nealon TF. Hemodynamic variables and prognosis following portacaval shunt. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1974; 138: 359-369.
37. Burchell AR, Moreno AH, Panke WF, Nealon TF Jr. Hepatic artery flow improvement after portacaval shunt: A single hemodynamic clinical correlate. Ann Surg 1976; 184: 289-300.
38. Charters AC, Brown BN, Sviokla S, Knox D, Orloff MJ. The influence of portal perfusion on the response to portacaval shunt. Am J Surg 1975; 130: 226-232.
39. Price JB Jr, Britton RC, Voorhees AB Jr. The significance and limitations of operative hemodynamics in portal hypertension. Arch Surg 1967; 95: 843-852.
40. Steegmuller KW, Marklin H-M, Hollis HW Jr. Intraoperative hemodynamic investigations during portacaval shunt. Arch Surg 1984; 119: 269-273.