Portosystemic shunts versus endoscopic therapy for variceal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Volumn , Issue 4, 2006, Pages

  Khan, Saboor ^a   Tudur Smith, C ^b   Williamson, P ^b   Sutton, R ^b  

^a QUEEN ELIZABETH HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCULATION; COCHRANE LIBRARY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; COST; DISTAL SPLENO RENAL SHUNT; EMBASE; ENDOSCOPIC SCLEROTHERAPY; ENDOSCOPIC THERAPY; HAZARD RATIO; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM; HUMAN; INDUSTRY; INFORMATION PROCESSING; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; MEDLINE; MORTALITY; PORTOSYSTEMIC ANASTOMOSIS; REGISTER; REVIEW; RISK; SHUNTING; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; THERAPY EFFECT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VARICEAL HEMORRHAGE;

EID: 42749101393     PISSN: 1469493X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000553.pub2     Document Type: Review

References (84)

1. Cabrera J, Maynar M, Granados R, Gorriz E, Reyes R, Pulido-Duque JM, et al. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt versus sclerotherapy in the elective treatment of variceal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 1996;110(3):832-9.
2. Cello P, Grendell JH, Crass R A, Trunkey DD, Cobb EE, Heilbron DC. Endoscopic sclerotherapy versus portacaval shunt in patients with severe cirrhosis and variceal hemorrhage. New England Journal of Medicine 1984;311:1589-94.
3. Cello J P, Grendell JH, Crass RA, Weber TE, Trunkey DD. Endoscopic sclerotherapy versus portacaval shunt in patients with severe cirrhosis and acute variceal hemorrhage. Long-term follow-up. New England Journal of Medicine 1987;316:11-5.
4. Cello JP, Ring EJ, Olcott EW, Koch J, Gordon R, Sandhu J, et al. Endoscopic sclerotherapy compared with percutaneous transjugular Intrahepatic portosystemic shunt after initial sclerotherapy in patients with acute variceal haemorrhage. A randomised controlled trial. Annals of Internal Medicine 1997;126(11):858-65.
5. Garcia-Villareal L, Martinez-Lagares F, Sierra A, Guevara C, Marrero JM, Jimenez E, et al. Transjugular Intrahepatic portosystemic shunt versus prevention of rebleeding after recent varcieal hemorrhage. Hepatology 1999;29:27-32.
6. Groupe d'Etude de Anastomoses Intra-Hepatiques. TIPS versus sclerotherapy + propranolol in the prevention of variceal rebleeding: preliminary results of a multicenter randomised trial. Hepatology 1995;22:297A.
7. Gulberg N, Schepke G, Geigenberger G, Holl J, Brensing KA, Waggershauser T, et al. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting is not superior to endoscopic variceal band ligation for prevention of variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients: a randomized, controlled trial. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 2002;37:338-43.
8. Henderson JM, Kutner MH, Millikan WJ, Galambos JT, Riepe SP, Brooks S, et al. Endoscopic variceal sclerosis compared with distal splenorenal shunt to prevent recurrent variceal bleeding in cirrhosis, a prospective randomized trial. Annals of InternalMedicine 1990;112(4):262-9.
9. Warren WD, Henderson JM, Millikan WJ, Galambos J T, Brooks WS, Riepe SP, et al. Distal Splenorenal shunt versus Endoscopic Sclerotherapy for long-term management of variceal bleeding; preliminary report of a prospective, randomised trial. Annals of Surgery 1986;203(5):454-62.
10. Isaksson B, Jeppsson B, Bengtsson F, Hannesson P, Herlin P, Bengmark S. Mesocaval shunt or repeated sclerotherapy: effects on rebleeding and encephalopathy - a randomized trial. Surgery 1995;117:498-504.
11. Jalan R, Forrest EH, Stanley AJ, Redhead DN, Forbes J, Dillon JF, et al. A randomized trial comparing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt with variceal band ligation in the prevention of rebleeding from esophageal varices. Hepatology 1997;26:1115-22.
12. Korula J, Yelin A, Yamada S, Weiner J, Cohen H, Reynolds TB. A prospective randomised controlled comparison of chronic endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy and portalsystemic shunt for variceal hemorrhage in Childs Class A cirrhotics: A preliminary report. Gastroenterology 1987;92:1745.
13. Merli M, Salerno F, Riggio O, de Franchis R, Fiaccadori F, and the Grupppo Italiano Studio TIPS (G.I.S.T). Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt versus endoscopic sclerotherapy for the prevention of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis: a randomized multicenter trial. Gruppo Italiano Studio TIPS (G.I.S.T.).Hepatology 1998;27(1):40-5.
14. Nahara Y, Kanazawa H, Kawamata H, Tada N, Saitoh H, Matsuzaka S, et al. A randomized clinical trial comparing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt with endoscopic sclerotherapy in the long-term management of patients with cirrhosis after recent variceal hemorrhage. Hepatology Research 2001;21:189-98.
15. Pomier-Layrargues G, Dufresne MP, Buli B, Lambert J, Fenyves D, Willems B, et al. TIPS versus endoscopic variceal ligation in the prevention of variceal rebleeding in cirrhotic patients: a comparative randomized clinical trial (interim analysis). Hepatology 1997;26(4):137A.
16. Layrargues GP, Villeneuve JP, Deschenes M, Bui B, Perreault P, Fenyves D, et al. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) versus endsocopic variceal ligation in the prevention of variceal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis: a randomised trial. Gut 2001;48:390-6.
17. Pera C, Vista J, Garcia-Valdecasas J C, Grande L, Fuster J. The modified Distal-Splenorenal Shunt in the elective treatment of variceal hemorrhage. Hepato-Gastroenterology 1991;38:12-5.
18. Planas R, Boix J, Broggi M, Cabre E, Gomes-Vieira MC, Morillas R, et al. Portacaval shunt versus endoscopic sclerotherapy in the elective treatment of variceal hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 1991;100(4):1078-86.
19. Rikkers LF, Burnett DA, Volentine GD, Buchi KN, Cormier RA. Shunt surgery versus endoscopic sclerotherapy for long-term treatment of variceal bleeding. Early results of a randomized trial. Annals of Surgery 1987;206(3):261-71.
20. Rikkers LF, Jin G, Burnett DA, Buchi KN, Cormier RA. Shunt surgery versus endoscopic sclerotherapy for variceal hemorrhage: late results of a randomized trial. American Journal of Surgery 1993;165(1):27-32 (discussion 32-3).
21. Rossle M, Deibert P, Haag K, Ochs A, Olschewski M, Siegerstetter V, et al. Randomised trial of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt versus endoscopy plus propranolol for prevention of variceal rebleeding. Lancet 1997;349(9058):1043-9.
22. Sanyal AJ, Freedman AM, Luketic VA, Purdum PP 3rd, Shiffman ML, Cole PE, et al. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts compared with endoscopic sclerotherapy for the prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage. A randomized, controlled trial. Annals of Internal Medicine 1997;126(11):849- 57.
23. Sauer P, Theilmann L, Stremmel W, Benz C, Richter G M, Stiehl A. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt versus sclerotherapy plus propranolol for variceal rebleeding. Gastroenterology 1997;113:1623-31.
24. Sauer P, Benz C, Theilmann G, Richter W, Stremmel W, Stiehl A. Tranjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPS) vs. endoscopic banding in the prevention of variceal rebleeding: final results of a randomized study. Gastroenterology 1998;114(4):A1334.
25. Sauer P, Hansmann J, Richter GM, Stremmel W, Stiehl A. Endoscopic variceal ligation plus propranolol versus transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt: A long-term randomized trial. Endoscopy 2002;34:690-7.
26. Spina GP, Santambrogrio R, Opocher E, Cosentino F, Zambelli A, Passoni GR, et al. Distal splenorenal shunt versus endoscopic sclerotherapy in the prevention of variceal rebleeding. First stage of a randomized, controlled trial. Annals of Surgery 1990;211(2):178-86.
27. Terés J, Bordas JM, Bravo D, Visa J, Grande L, Garcia-Valdecasas JC, et al. Sclerotherapy vs. distal splenorenal shunt in the elective treatment of variceal hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial. Hepatology 1987;7(3):430-6.
28. Cello JP, Crass RC, Trunkey DD. Endoscopic sclerotherapy versus esophageal transection of Child's class C patients with variceal hemorrhage. Comparison with results of portacaval shunt: preliminary report. Surgery 1982;91(3):333-8.
29. Escorsell A, Bandi JC, Moitinho E, Feu F, Garcia Pagan JC, Bosch J, et al. Time profile of the haemodynamic effects of terlipressin in portal hypertension. Journal of Hepatology 1997;26(3):621-7.
30. Kitano S, Iso Y, Hashizume M, Yamaga H, Koyanagi N, Wada H, et al. Sclerotherapy vs. esophageal transection vs. distal splenorenal shunt for the clinical management of esophageal varices in patients with child class A and B liver function: a prospective randomized trial. Hepatology 1992;15(1):63-8.
31. Krieger S, Jauss M, Jansen O, Stiehl A, Sauer P, Geissler M, et al. MRI findings in chronic hepatic encephalopathy depend on portosystemic shunt: results of a controlled prospective clinical investigation. Journal of Hepatology 1997;27(1):121-6.
32. Meddi P, Merli M, Lionetti R, De Santis A, Valeriano V, Masini A, et al. Cost analysis for the prevention of variceal rebleeding: a comparison between transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and endoscopic sclerotherapy in a selected group of Italian cirrhotic patients. Hepatology 1999;29(4):1074-7.
33. Orloff MJ, Bell RH, Orloff MS, Hardison WGM, Greenburg AG. Prospective randomized trial of emergency portacaval shunt and emergency medical therapy in unselected cirrhotic patients with bleeding varices. Hepatology 1994;20((4 Pt 1)):863-72.
34. Paquet KJ, Lazar A, Gad HA. Surgical measures in recurrent hemorrhage from esophageal and gastric varices after sclerotherapy - a prospective study [Chirurgische Massnahmen bei Rezidivblutungen aus Osophagus- und Magenvarizen nach Sklerosierungstherapie - eine prospektive Studie]. Langenbecks Archiv für Chirurgie. Supplement-II, Verhandlungen derDeutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie 1990; Suppl II:397-402.
35. Resnick RH, Iber FL, Ishihara AM, Chalmers TC, Zimmerman H. A controlled study of the therapeutic portacaval shunt. Gastroenterology 1974;6(5):843-57.
36. Reynolds TB, Donovan AJ, Mikkelsen WP, Redeker AG, Turrill FL, Weiner JM. Results of a 12-year randomized trial of portacaval shunt in patients with alcoholic liver disease and bleeding varices. Gastroenterology 1981;80(5 Pt 1):1005-11.
37. Rossi P, Maccioni F, Salvatori FM, Bezzi M, Gandini R, Broglia L, et al. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS): indications and results after 22 months of experience [Derivazione portosistemica intraepatica transgiugulare (TIPS): indicazioni e risultati dopo 22 mesi di esperienza]. La RadiologiaMedica 1994;87(5):585-96.
38. Sanyal AJ, Freedman AM, Shiffman ML, Purdum PP 3rd, Luketic VA, Cheatham AK. Portosystemic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: results of a prospective controlled study. Hepatology 1994;20(1 Pt 1):46-55.
39. Sauer P, Theilmann L, Stremmel W, Stiehl A. Hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPS) [Hepatische Enzephalopathie nach transjugularem intrahepatischem porto-systemischem Stent-Shunt (TIPS)]. Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 1995;33(5):277-8.
40. Teres J, Baroni R, Bordas JM, Visa J, Pera C, Rodes J. Randomized trial of portacaval shunt, stapling transection and endoscopic sclerotherapy in uncontrolled variceal bleeding. Journal ofHepatology 1987;4(2): 159-67.
41. Tripathi D, Helmy A, Lui HF, Stanley AJ, Forrest E, Redhead DN, et al. Randomized controlled trial of transjugular intra-hepatic portosystemic stent-shunt (TIPSS) versus TIPSS and variceal band ligation (VBL) in the prevention of variceal re-bleeding [abstract]. Journal of Hepatology 2001;34(1):69.
42. Urbistondo M, Torres EA, Castro F, Oharriz J, Medina R, Molina A, et al. Prevention of recurrent esophageal bleeding and survival in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis: a randomized study. Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal 1996;15(3):195-9.
43. Antman EM, Lau J, Kupelnick B, Mosteller F, Chalmers TC. A comparison of results of meta-analyses of randomized control trials and recommendations of clinical experts. Treatments for myocardial infarction. JAMA 1992;268(2):240-8.
44. Bernard B, Lebrec D, Mathurin P, Opolon P, Poynard T. Propranolol and sclerotherapy in the prevention of gastrointestinal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis: a meta-analysis. Journal of Hepatology 1997;26(2):312- 24.
45. Bismuth H, Franco D, Hepp J. Portal-systemic shunt in hepatic cirrhosis: does the type of shunt decisively influence the clinical result?. Annals of Surgery 1974;179:209-18.
46. Bornman PC, Krige JEJ, Terblanche J. Management of oesophageal varices. Lancet 1994;343(8905):1079-84.
47. Brown RS Jr, Lake JR. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt as a form of treatment for portal hypertension: indications and contraindications. Advances in Internal Medicine 1997;42:485-504.
48. Burroughs AK, Vangeli M. Transjugular Intrahepatic portosystemic shunt versus endoscopic therapy: randomized trials for secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding: an updated meta-analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 2002;3:248-52.
49. Buyse M, Ryan LM. Issues of efficiency in combining proportions of deaths from several clinical trials. Statistics in Medicine 1987;6:565-76.
50. Casado M, Bosch J, Garcia-Pagan JC, Bru C, Banares R, Bandi JC, et al. Clinical events after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: correlation with hemodynamic findings. Gastroenterology 1998;114(6):1296-303.
51. Clarke M, Oxman AD, editors. Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook 4.1.5 [updated January 2003]. In: The Cochrane Library, 1, 2003. Oxford: Update Software. Updated quarterly.
52. Collins JC, Rypins EB, Sarfeh IJ. Narrow-diameter portacaval shunts for management of variceal bleeding. World Journal of Surgery 1994;18(2):211-5.
53. D'Amico G, Pagliaro L, Bosch J. The treatment of portal hypertension: a meta-analytic review. Hepatology 1995;22(1):332-54.
54. de Franchis R, Pascal JP, Ancona E, Burroughs AK, Henderson M, Fleig W, et al. Definitions, methodology and therapeutic strategies in portal hypertension. A Consensus DevelopmentWorkshop, Baveno, Lake Maggiore, Italy, April 5 and 6, 1990. Journal of Hepatology 1992;15(1-2):256-61.
55. de Franchis R. Developing consensus in portal hypertension. Journal of Hepatology 1996;25(3):390-4.
56. de Franchis R. Portal hypertension III: Proceedings of the Third Baveno International Consensus Workshop on Definitions, Methodology and Therapeutic Strategies. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd, 2001.
57. Grace ND. Diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to portal hypertension. American Journal of Gastroenterology 1997;92:1081-91.
58. Graham DY, Smith JL. The course of patients after variceal haemorrhage. Gastroenterology 1981;80:800-9.
59. Henderson JM, Boyer TD, Kutner MH, Galloway JR, Rikkers LF, Jeffers LJ, Abu-Elmagd K, Connor J, DIVERT Study Group. Distal splenorenal shunt versus transjugular intrahepatic portal systematic shunt for variceal bleeding: a randomized trial.Gastroenterology 2006;130(6):1643-51.
60. Jalan R, Hayes PC. UK guidelines on the management of variceal haemorrhage in cirrhotic patients. Gut 2000;46(Suppl III):iii1-iii15.
61. Khan S, Sutton R. Oesophageal varices and portal hypertension. Surgery 1997;15(8):175-81.
62. Kjaergard LL, Villumsen J, Gluud C. Reported methodological quality and discrepancies between large and small randomized trials in meta-analyses. Annals of Internal Medicine 2001;135(11):982-9.
63. LaBerge JM, Ring EJ, Gordon RL, Lake JR, Doherty MM, Somberg KA, et al. Creation of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts with the wall stent endoprosthesis: results in 100 patients. Radiology 1993;187:413- 20.
64. Laine L, Cook D. Endoscopic ligation compared with sclerotherapy for treatment of esophageal variceal bleeding. Ameta-analysis. Annals of Internal Medicine 1995;123:280-7.
65. Luca A, D'Amica G, La Galla R, Midiri M, Morabito A, Pagliaro L. TIPS for prevention of recurrent bleeding in patients with cirrhosis: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Radiology 1999;212:411-21.
66. McIntyre N, Burroughs AK. Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension. In: WeatherallDJ, LedinghamJGG, WarrellDA editor(s). Oxford Textbook of Medicine. Churchill Livingstone, 1996:2085-100.
67. Moher D, Pham B, Jones A, Cook DJ, Jadad AR, Moher M, et al. Does quality of reports of randomised trials affect estimates of intervention efficacy reported in meta-analyses?. Lancet 1998;352(9128):609-13.
68. Orloff MJ, Orloff MS, Orloff SL. Three decades of experience with emergency portacaval shunt for acutely bleeding esophageal varices in 400 unselected patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Journal of the American College of Surgeons 1995;180(3):257-63.
69. Pagliaro L, Burroughs AK, Sorensen TIA, Lebrec D, Morabito A, D'Amico G, et al. Therapeutic controversies and randomised controlled trials (RCTs); prevention of bleeding and rebleeding in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology International 1989;2(2):71-84.
70. Papatheodoridis GV, Goulis J, Leandro G, Patch D, Burroughs AK. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt compared with endoscopic treatment for prevention of variceal rebleeding: A meta-analysis. Hepatology 1999;30(3):612-22.
71. Parmar MKB, Torri V, Stewart L. Extracting summary statistics to perform meta-analyses of the published literature for survival endpoints. Statistics in Medicine 1998;17(24):2815-34.
72. Rosemurgy AS 2nd, Bloomston M, Zervos EE, Goode SE, Pencev D, Zweibel B, et al. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt versus H-graft portacaval shunt in the management of bleeding varices: a cost-benefit analysis. Surgery 1997;122(4):794-9; discussion 799-800.
73. Sarfeh IJ, Rypins EB, Mason GR. A systematic appraisal of portacaval H-graft diameters: clinical and haemodynamic perspectives. Annals of Surgery 1986;204:356-63.
74. Sarin SK, Lamba GS, Kumar M, Misra A, Murthy NS. Comparison of endoscopic ligation and propranolol for the primary prevention of variceal bleeding. New England Journal of Medicine 1999;340:988-93.
75. Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, Altman DG. Empirical evidence of bias: dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA 1995;273:408-12.
76. Smith JL, Graham DY. Variceal haemorrhage, a critical evaluation of survival analysis. Gastroenterology 1982;82:968-72.
77. Spina GP, Henderson JM, Rikkers LF, Teres J, Burroughs AK, Conn HO, et al. Distal spleno-renal shunt versus endoscopic sclerotherapy in the prevention of variceal rebleeding. A meta-analysis of 4 randomized clinical trials. Journal of Hepatology 1992;16(3):338-45.
78. Sutton R, Shields R. The place of portal-systemic shunting. In: BlumgartLH editor(s). Surgery of the liver and biliary tract. Churchill Livingstone, 1994.
79. Terblanche J, Bornman PC, Kahn D, Jonker MA, Campbell JA, Wright J, et al. Failure of repeated injection sclerotherapy to improve long-term survival after oesophageal variceal bleeding. A five-year prospective controlled clinical trial. Lancet 1983;2:1328-32.
80. Tudur C, Williamson PR, Khan S, Best LY. The value of the aggregate data approach inmeta-analysis with time-to-event outcomes. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (Statistics in Society) 2001;2(164): 357-70.
81. Warren WD, Millikan WJ Jr, Henderson JM, Abu-Elmagd KM, Galloway JR, Shires GT 3rd, et al. Splenopancreatic disconnection. Improved selectivity of distal splenorenal shunt. Annals of Surgery 1986;204(4):346-55.
82. Weissenborn K. Recent developments in the pathophysiology and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. Bailliere's Clinical Gastroenterology 1992;6(3):609-30.
83. Williamson PR, Tudur Smith C, Hutton JL, Marson AG. Aggregate data meta-analysis with time-to-event outcomes. Statistics in Medicine 2002;21(22):3337-51.
84. Wilson EB. Probable inference, the law of succession, and statistical inference. Journal of the American Statistical Association 1927;22:209-12.