Late-onset sepsis: Epidemiology, evaluation, and outcome

NeoReviews

Volumn 11, Issue 8, 2010, Pages

  Bentlin, Maria Regina ^a   de Souza Rugolo, Lígia Maria Suppo ^a  

^a SÃO PAULO STATE UNIVERSITY UNESP   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77958052347     PISSN: None     EISSN: 15269906     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1542/neo.11-8-e426     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Klein JO. Bacterial sepsis and meningitis. In: Remington JS, Klein JO, eds. Infectious Diseases of Fetus and Newborn Infant. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders; 2001:943-998
2. Carey AJ, Saiman L, Polin RA. Hospital-acquired infections in the NICU: epidemiology for the new millennium. Clin Perinatol. 2008;35:223-249
3. Gerdes JS. Clinicopathologic approach to the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Isr J Med Sci. 1994;30:430-441
4. De Man P, Verhoeven BAN, Verbrugh HA, Vos MC, Van den Anker JN. An antibiotic policy to prevent emergence of resistant bacilli. Lancet. 2000;355:973-978
5. Le J, Nguyen T, Okamoto M, McKamy S, Lieberman JM. Impact of empiric antibiotic use on development of infections caused by extended-spectrum -lactamase bacteria in a neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008;27:314-318
6. Volante E, Moretti S, Pisani F, Bevilacqua G. Early diagnosis of bacterial infection in the neonate. J Mater Fetal Neonatal Med. 2004;16(S2):13-16
7. Fanaroff AA, Korones SB, Wright LL, et al. Incidence, presenting features, risk factors and significance of late onset septicemia in very low birth weight infants. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Pediatric Infect Dis J. 1998;17:593-598
8. Griffin MP, Lake DE, Moorman JR. Heart rate characteristics and laboratory tests in neonatal sepsis. Pediatrics. 2005;115: 937-941
9. Griffin MP, Lake DE, O'Shea TM, Moorman JR. Heart rate characteristics and clinical signs in neonatal sepsis. Pediatr Res. 2007;61:222-227
10. Ng PC. Diagnostic markers of infection in neonates. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2004;89:F229-F35
11. Buttery JP. Blood cultures in newborns and children: optimizing an everyday test. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2002;87: F25-F28.
12. Mussi-Pinhata M, Nascimento SD. Neonatal nosocomial infections. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2001;77(suppl 1):S81-S96
13. Thorpe JC, Wilson ML, Turner JE, et al. Bact/Alert: an automated colorimetric microbial detection system. J Clin Microbiol. 1990;28:1608-1612
14. Kumar Y, Qunibi M, Neal TJ, Yoxall CW. Time to positivity of neonatal blood cultures. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2001; 85:F182-F186
15. Visser VE, Hall RT. Lumbar puncture in the evaluation of suspected neonatal sepsis. J Pediatr. 1980;96:1063-1067
16. Heath PT, Yussoff NK, Baker CJ. Neonatal meningitis. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2003;88:F173-F178
17. Stoll BJ, Hansen N, Fanaroff AA, et al. To tap or not to tap. High likelihood of meningitis without sepsis among very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 2004;113:1181-1186
18. Greenberg RG, Smith PB, Cotten CM, Moody MA, Clark RH, Benjamin DK Jr. Traumatic lumbar punctures in neonates: test performance of the cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count. Pediatric Infect Dis J. 2008;27:1047-1051
19. Mishra UK, Jacobs SE, Doyle LW, Garland SM. Newer approaches to the diagnosis of early onset neonatal sepsis. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2006;91:F208-F212
20. Chan KYY, Lam HS, Cheung HM, et al. Rapid identification and differentiation of gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial bloodstream infections by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in preterm infants. Crit Care Med. 2009;37:2441-2447
21. Frayha HH, Kalloghlian A. Gram-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis: implications for clinical practice. Crit Care Med. 2009;37:2487-2488
22. Caldas JPS, Marba STM, Blota MHSL, Calil R, Morais SS, Oliveira RT. Accuracy of white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha for diagnosing late neonatal sepsis. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2008;84:536-542
23. Ucar B, Yildiz B, Aksit MA, et al. Serum amyloid A, procalcitonin, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 beta levels in neonatal late onset sepsis. Mediators Inflamm. 2008;2008:737141
24. Mehr S, Doyle LW. Cytokines as markers of bacterial sepsis in newborn infants: a review. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000;19:879-887
25. Beceiro Mosquera J, Sivera Monzo CL, Oria de Rueda Salguero O, Olivas Lopez de Soria O, Herbozo Nory C. Usefulness of a rapid serum interleukin-6 test combined with CRP to predict sepsis in newborns with suspicion of infection. An Pediatr (Barc). 2009;71:483-488
26. Franz AR, Kron M, Pohlandt F, Steinbach G. Comparison of procalcitonin with interleukin 8, C-reactive protein and differential white blood cell count for the early diagnosis of bacterial infections in newborn infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999;18:666-671
27. Bentlin MR, Rugolo LMSS, Rugolo A Jr, Hashimoto M, Lyra JC. Is urine interleukin 8 level a reliable laboratory test for diagnosing late onset sepsis in premature infants? J Trop Pediatr. 2007;53: 403-408
28. Ohlin A, Backman A, Bjorkvist M, Molling P, Jurstrand M, Schollin J. Real time PCR of the 16S- r RNA gene in the diagnosis of neonatal bacteremia. Acta Paediatr. 2008;97:1376-1380
29. Franz AR, Bauer K, Schalk A, et al. Measurement of interleukin-8 in combination with C-reactive protein reduced unnecessary antibiotic therapy in newborns infants: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2004;114:1-8
30. Romagnolli C, Frezza S, Cingolani A, et al. Plasma levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 in preterm neonates evaluated for sepsis. Eur J Pediatr. 2001;160:345-350
31. Horisberger T, Harbarth S, Nadal D, Baenziger O, Fischer JE. G-CSF and IL-8 for early diagnosis of sepsis in neonates and critically ill children - safety and cost effectiveness of a new laboratory prediction model: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN91123847]. Crit Care. 2004;8:R443-R450
32. Fleer A, Krediet TG. Innate immunity: toll like receptors and some more. A brief history, basic organization, and relevance for the human newborn. Neonatology. 2007;92:145-157
33. Viemann D, Dubbel G, Schleifenbaum S, Harms E, Sorg C, Roth J. Expression of toll like receptors in neonatal sepsis. Pediatr Res. 2005;58:654-659
34. Hotta N, Ichiyama T, Shiraishi M, Takekawa T, Matsubara T, Furukawa S. Nuclear factor kappa B activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in children with sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2007;35: 2395-2401
35. Philip AGS, Hewitt JR. Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. Pediatrics. 1980;65:1036-1040
36. Rodwell RL, Leslie AL, Tudehope D. Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis using a hematologic scoring system. J Pediatr. 1988; 112:761-767
37. Weitkamp JH, Aschner JL. Diagnostic use of C-reactive protein (CRP) in assessment of neonatal sepsis. NeoReviews. 2005;6: e508-e515
38. Philip AGS. Neonatal meningitis in the new millennium. Neo- Reviews. 2003;4;e73-e80
39. Philip AGS, Andrews PA. Rapid determination of C-reactive protein levels: semiquantitative versus quantitative. J Pediatr. 1987; 110:263-266
40. Philip AGS, Mills PC. Use of C-reactive protein in minimizing antibiotic exposure: experience with infants initially admitted to a well-baby nursery. Pediatrics. 2000;106:e4
41. Vazzalwar R, Pina-Rodrigues E, Puppala B, Angst DB, Schweig L. Procalcitonin as a screening test for late onset sepsis in preterm very low birth weight infants. J Perinatol. 2005;25: 397-402
42. Fendler WM, Piotrowski AJ. Procalcitonin in the early diagnosis of nosocomial sepsis in preterm neonates. J Paediatr Child Health. 2008;144:114-118
43. Arnon S, Litmanovitz I, Regev R, et al. Serum amyloid A protein is a useful inflammatory marker during late onset sepsis in preterm infants. Biol Neonate. 2005;87:105-110
44. Qazi SA, Stoll BJ. Neonatal sepsis. A major global public health challenge. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2009;28:S1-S2
45. Stoll BJ, Hansen N. Infections in VLBW infants: studies from the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Semin Perinatol. 2003; 27:293-301
46. Rugolo LMSS, Almeida MFBA, Bentlin MR, Guinsburg R, Brazilian Network Neonatal Research. Late-onset sepsis in very low birth weight infants: the Brazilian neonatal research network experience [abstract]. Presented at PAS Annual Meeting, Vancouver, Canada, May 1-4, 2010
47. Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Adams-Chapman I, et al. Neurodevelopmental and growth impairment among extremely low birth weight infants with neonatal infection. JAMA. 2004;292:2357-2365
48. Benjamin DK Jr, Stoll BJ, Fanaroff AA, et al. Neonatal candidiasis among extremely low birth weight infants: risk factors, mortality rates, and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 22 months. Pediatrics. 2006;117:84-92
49. Dommergues MA, Patkal J, Renauld JC, Evrard P, Gressens P. Proinflammatory cytokines and interleukin-9 exacerbate excitotoxic lesions of the newborn murine neopallium. Ann Neurol. 2000;47:54-63
50. Adams-Chapman I, Stoll BJ. Neonatal infection and long term neurodevelopmental outcome in the preterm infant. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2006;19:290-297
51. Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, Raiser E, Peglow UP, Reiter G, Trawoger R. Adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants: risk factor profiles for different gestational ages. Acta Paediatr. 2009;98:792-796
52. Bassler D, Stoll BJ, Schimidt B, et al. Using a count of neonatal morbidities to predict poor outcome in extremely low birth weight infants: added role of neonatal infection. Pediatrics. 2009;123: 313-318
53. Polin RA, Harris MC. Neonatal bacterial meningitis. Semin Neonatol. 2001;6:157-72
54. Holt DE, Halket S, de Louvois J, Harvey D. Neonatal meningitis in England and Wales: 10 years on. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2001;84:F85-F89.