The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients with stage III colorectal cancer is independent of age and comorbidity

Journal of Geriatric Oncology

Volumn 1, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 48-56

  Wildes, Tanya M ^a   Kallogjeri, Dorina ^a   Powers, Brian ^a   Vlahiotis, Anna ^a   Mutch, Matthew ^a   Spitznagel, Edward L ^a   Tan, Benjamin ^a   Piccirillo, Jay F ^a  

^a WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Adjuvant chemotherapy; Chemotherapy; Colorectal cancer; Comorbidity; Elderly; Geriatric oncology; Survival

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT;

AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; AGING; ARTICLE; CANCER ADJUVANT THERAPY; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER REGISTRY; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURVIVAL; COLORECTAL CANCER; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OVERALL SURVIVAL;

EID: 77957900158     PISSN: 18794068     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2010.08.003     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Edwards B.K., Howe H.L., Ries L.A.G., Thun M.J., Rosenberg H.M., Yancik R., et al. Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1973-1999, featuring implications of age and aging on U.S. cancer burden. Cancer 2002, 94(10):2766-2792.
2. Hutchins L.F., Unger J.M., Crowley J.J., Coltman C.A., Albain K.S. Underrepresentation of patients 65years of age or older in cancer-treatment trials. N Engl J Med 1999, 341(27):2061-2067.
3. Kumar A., Soares H.P., Balducci L., Djulbegovic B. Treatment tolerance and efficacy in geriatric oncology: a systematic review of phase III randomized trials conducted by five National Cancer Institute-sponsored cooperative groups. J Clin Oncol 2007, 25(10):1272-1276.
4. Lewis J.H., Kilgore M.L., Goldman D.P., Trimble E.L., Kaplan R., Montello M.J., et al. Participation of patients 65years of age or older in cancer clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 2003, 21(7):1383-1389.
5. Bouchardy C., Rapiti E., Fioretta G., Laissue P., Neyroud-Caspar I., Schafer P., et al. Undertreatment strongly decreases prognosis of breast cancer in elderly women. J Clin Oncol 2003, 21(19):3580-3587.
6. Mahoney T., Kuo Y.H., Topilow A., Davis J.M. Stage III colon cancers: why adjuvant chemotherapy is not offered to elderly patients. Arch Surg 2000, 135(2):182-185.
7. Neugut A.I., Fleischauer A.T., Sundararajan V., Mitra N., Heitjan D.F., Jacobson J.S., et al. Use of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy for rectal cancer among the elderly: a population-based study. J Clin Oncol 2002, 20(11):2643-2650.
8. Sundararajan V., Hershman D., Grann V.R., Jacobson J.S., Neugut A.I. Variations in the use of chemotherapy for elderly patients with advanced ovarian cancer: a population-based study. J Clin Oncol 2002, 20(1):173-178.
9. Coebergh J.W., Janssen-Heijnen M.L., Post P.N., Razenberg P.P. Serious co-morbidity among unselected cancer patients newly diagnosed in the southeastern part of the Netherlands in 1993-1996. J Clin Epidemiol 1999, 52(12):1131-1136.
10. Yancik R., Wesley M.N., Ries L.A., Havlik R.J., Edwards B.K., Yates J.W. Effect of age and comorbidity in postmenopausal breast cancer patients aged 55years and older. JAMA 2001, 285(7):885-892.
11. Frasci G., Lorusso V., Panza N., Comella P., Nicolella G., Bianco A., et al. Gemcitabine plus vinorelbine versus vinorelbine alone in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2000, 18(13):2529-2536.
12. Jemal A., Siegel R., Ward E., Hao Y., Xu J., Thun M.J. Cancer statistics, 2009. CA Cancer J Clin 2009, 59(4):225-249.
13. Rim S.H., Seeff L., Ahmed F., King J.B., Coughlin S.S. Colorectal cancer incidence in the United States, 1999-2004. Cancer 2009, 115(9):1967-1976.
14. Wolmark N., Rockette H., Fisher B., Wickerham D.L., Redmond C., Fisher E.R., et al. The benefit of leucovorin-modulated fluorouracil as postoperative adjuvant therapy for primary colon cancer: results from National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project protocol C-03. J Clin Oncol 1993, 11(10):1879-1887.
15. Moertel C.G., Fleming T.R., Macdonald J.S., Haller D.G., Laurie J.A., Tangen C.M., et al. Fluorouracil plus levamisole as effective adjuvant therapy after resection of stage III colon carcinoma: a final report. Ann Intern Med 1995, 122(5):321-326.
16. O'Connell M.J., Mailliard J.A., Kahn M.J., Macdonald J.S., Haller D.G., Mayer R.J., et al. Controlled trial of fluorouracil and low-dose leucovorin given for 6months as postoperative adjuvant therapy for colon cancer. J Clin Oncol 1997, 15(1):246-250.
17. Andre T., Boni C., Mounedji-Boudiaf L., Navarro M., Tabernero J., Hickish T., et al. Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as adjuvant treatment for colon cancer. N Engl J Med 2004, 350(23):2343-2351.
18. Kuebler J.P., Wieand H.S., O'Connell M.J., Smith R.E., Colangelo L.H., Yothers G., et al. Oxaliplatin combined with weekly bolus fluorouracil and leucovorin as surgical adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II and III colon cancer: results from NSABP C-07. J Clin Oncol 2007, 25(16):2198-2204.
19. Akasu T., Moriya Y., Ohashi Y., Yoshida S., Shirao K., Kodaira S. Adjuvant chemotherapy with uracil-tegafur for pathological stage III rectal cancer after mesorectal excision with selective lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2006, 36(4):237-244.
20. Douglass H.O., Moertel C.G., Mayer R.J., Thomas P.R., Lindblad A.S., Mittleman A., et al. Survival after postoperative combination treatment of rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 1986, 315(20):1294-1295.
21. Fisher B., Wolmark N., Rockette H., Redmond C., Deutsch M., Wickerham D.L., et al. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy for rectal cancer: results from NSABP protocol R-01. J Natl Cancer Inst 1988, 80(1):21-29.
22. Krook J.E., Moertel C.G., Gunderson L.L., Wieand H.S., Collins R.T., Beart R.W., et al. Effective surgical adjuvant therapy for high-risk rectal carcinoma. N Engl J Med 1991, 324(11):709-715.
23. Bradley C.J., Given C.W., Dahman B., Fitzgerald T.L. Adjuvant chemotherapy after resection in elderly Medicare and Medicaid patients with colon cancer. Arch Intern Med 2008, 168(5):521-529.
24. Sargent D.J., Goldberg R.M., Jacobson S.D., Macdonald J.S., Labianca R., Haller D.G., et al. A pooled analysis of adjuvant chemotherapy for resected colon cancer in elderly patients. N Engl J Med 2001, 345(15):1091-1097.
25. Kahn K.L., Adams J.L., Weeks J.C., Chrischilles E.A., Schrag D., Ayanian J.Z., et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy use and adverse events among older patients with stage III colon cancer. JAMA 2010, 303(11):1037-1045.
26. Iwashyna T.J., Lamont E.B. Effectiveness of adjuvant fluorouracil in clinical practice: a population-based cohort study of elderly patients with stage III colon cancer. J Clin Oncol 2002, 20(19):3992-3998.
27. Sundararajan V., Mitra N., Jacobson J.S., Grann V.R., Heitjan D.F., Neugut A.I. Survival associated with 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy among elderly patients with node-positive colon cancer. Ann Intern Med 2002, 136(5):349-357.
28. Jessup J.M., Stewart A., Greene F.L., Minsky B.D. Adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer: implications of race/ethnicity, age, and differentiation. JAMA 2005, 294(21):2703-2711.
29. Goldberg R.M., Tabah-Fisch I., Bleiberg H., de Gramont A., Tournigand C., Andre T., et al. Pooled analysis of safety and efficacy of oxaliplatin plus fluorouracil/leucovorin administered bimonthly in elderly patients with colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006, 24(25):4085-4091.
30. Zuckerman I.H., Davidoff A.J., Onukwugha E., Pandya N., Gardner J.F., Seal B., et al. Effect of age on survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly stage III colon cancer patients: a population-based analysis. J Clin Oncol 2008, 26(15S):4014. [Meeting Abstracts, Abstract].
31. Piccirillo J., Creech C., Zequeira R., Anderson S., Johnston A. Inclusion of comorbidity into oncology data registries. J Regist Manage 1999, 26(2):66-70.
32. Kaplan M.H., Feinstein A.R. The importance of classifying initial co-morbidity in evaluatin the outcome of diabetes mellitus. J Chronic Dis 1974, 27(7-8):387-404.
33. Piccirillo J.F., Tierney R.M., Costas I., Grove L., Spitznagel E.L. Prognostic importance of comorbidity in a hospital-based cancer registry. JAMA 2004, 291(20):2441-2447.
34. Read W.L., Tierney R.M., Page N.C., Costas I., Govindan R., Spitznagel E.L., et al. Differential prognostic impact of comorbidity. J Clin Oncol 2004, 22(15):3099-3103.
35. Lemmens V.E., Janssen-Heijnen M.L., Verheij C.D., Houterman S., Repelaer van Driel O.J., Coebergh J.W. Co-morbidity leads to altered treatment and worse survival of elderly patients with colorectal cancer. Br J Surg 2005, 92(5):615-623.
36. Lemmens V.E., van Halteren A.H., Janssen-Heijnen M.L., Vreugdenhil G., Repelaer van Driel O.J., Coebergh J.W. Adjuvant treatment for elderly patients with stage III colon cancer in the southern Netherlands is affected by socioeconomic status, gender, and comorbidity. Ann Oncol 2005, 16(5):767-772.
37. Feinstein A.R. Principles of medical statistics 2002, Chapman & Hall/CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
38. Kass R.E., Raftery A.E. Bayes factors. J Am Stat Assoc 1995, 90(430):773-795.
39. Volinksy C., Raftery A.E. Bayesian information criterion for censored survival models. Biometrics 2000, 56(1):256-262.
40. Schwarz G. Estimating the dimension of a model. Ann Stat 1978, 6:461-464.
41. Rosenbaum P., Rubin D. The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika 1983, 70(1):41-55.
42. Gross C.P., McAvay G.J., Guo Z., Tinetti M.E. The impact of chronic illnesses on the use and effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer. Cancer 2007, 109(12):2410-2419.
43. Ananda S., Field K.M., Kosmider S., Compston D., Desai J., Lim L.C., et al. Patient age and comorbidity are major determinants of adjuvant chemotherapy use for stage III colon cancer in routine clinical practice. J Clin Oncol 2008, 26(27):4516-4517.
44. Luo R., Giordano S.H., Freeman J.L., Zhang D., Goodwin J.S. Referral to medical oncology: a crucial step in the treatment of older patients with stage III colon cancer. Oncologist 2006, 11(9):1025-1033.
45. Keating N.L., Landrum M.B., Klabunde C.N., Fletcher R.H., Rogers S.O., Doucette W.R., et al. Adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer: do physicians agree about the importance of patient age and comorbidity?. J Clin Oncol 2008, 26(15):2532-2537.
46. Krzyzanowska M.K., Regan M.M., Powell M., Earle C.C., Weeks J.C. Impact of patient age and comorbidity on surgeon versus oncologist preferences for adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer. J Am Coll Surg 2009, 208(2):202-209.
47. Bouvier A.-M., Jooste V., Bonnetain F., Cottet V., Bizollon M.-H., Bernard M.-P., et al. Adjuvant treatments do not alter the quality of life in elderly patients with colorectal cancer. Cancer 2008, 113(4):879-886.
48. Extermann M., Overcash J., Lyman G.H., Parr J., Balducci L. Comorbidity and functional status are independent in older cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 1998, 16(4):1582-1587.
49. Repetto L., Fratino L., Audisio R.A., Venturino A., Gianni W., Vercelli M., et al. Comprehensive geriatric assessment adds information to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status in elderly cancer patients: an Italian Group for Geriatric Oncology Study. J Clin Oncol 2002, 20(2):494-502.
50. de Gramont A., Boni C., Navarro M., Tabernero J., Hickish T., Topham C., et al. Oxaliplatin/5FU/LV in adjuvant colon cancer: updated efficacy results of the MOSAIC trial, including survival, with a median follow-up of six years. J Clin Oncol 2007, 25(18S):4007. [Abstract].
51. McCleary N.A., Meyerhardt J.A., Green E., Yothers G., de Gramont A., Van Cutsem E., et al. Impact of older age on the efficacy of newer adjuvant therapies in >12,500 patients (pts) with stage II/III colon cancer: findings from the ACCENT database. J Clin Oncol 2009, 27(15S):4010. [Abstract].