Unique clinical situations in pediatric patients where ketamine may be the anesthetic agent of choice

American Journal of Therapeutics

Volumn 17, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 511-515

  Jamora, Christopher ^a   Iravani, Mohamad ^b  

^a Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

difficult airway; ketamine; pediatric anesthesia; reactive airway disease; uncooperative child

Indexed keywords

CYTOCHROME P450 2B6; CYTOCHROME P450 2C9; DEXMEDETOMIDINE; DRUG METABOLITE; KETAMINE; MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR; PROPOFOL; PSYCHEDELIC AGENT; THYROID HORMONE;

AGITATION; AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; ANESTHESIA INDUCTION; ANXIETY; ARTERIAL OXYGEN SATURATION; ASPIRATION; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRONCHODILATATION; BRONCHOSPASM; CHILD; DELUSION; DIFFUSION; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG SOLUBILITY; DRUG TRANSFORMATION; FEAR; FIBER OPTICS; HALLUCINATION; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INTUBATION; NEUROTRANSMISSION; PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOSIS; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SIDE EFFECT; TACHYCARDIA; THYROTOXICOSIS; TREATMENT CONTRAINDICATION; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; VASODILATATION; VIVID DREAM;

ADOLESCENT; AIRWAY MANAGEMENT; ANESTHETICS, DISSOCIATIVE; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; KETAMINE; MALE;

EID: 77957775129     PISSN: 10752765     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MJT.0b013e3181ddc984     Document Type: Review

References (28)

1. Sinner B, Graf BM. Ketamine. Handb Exp pharmacol. 2008; 182:313-333.
2. Suzuki M, Tsueda K, Lansing PS, et al. Midazolam attenuates ketamine-induced abnormal perception and thought process but not mood changes. Can J Anaesth. 2000;47:866-74.
3. Sherwin TS, Green SM, Khan A, et al. Does adjunctive midazolam reduce recovery agitation after ketamine sedation for pediatric procedures? A randomized, dou-ble-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2000; 35:229-238.
4. Wathen JE, Roback MG, Mackenzie T, et al. Does midazolam alter the clinical effects of intravenous ketamine sedation in children? A double-blind, randomized, controlled, emer-gency department trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2000;36:579-588.
5. Roelofse JA. The evolution of ketamine applications in children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2009;20:240-245.
6. UCLA Drug Formulary [Formulary Online]. Los Angeles, California: UCLA Health System; 2010.
7. Durieux ME. Inhibition by ketamine of muscarinic acetyl-choline receptor function. Anesth Analg. 1995;81;57-62.
8. Leeuwin RS, van der Wal JK, Spanjer W. Interactions of cholinesterase inhibitors and glucocorticoids with ket-amine and pentobarbitone-induced general anaesthesia in the rat: possible effects on central cholinergic activity. Br J Pharmacol. 1984;82:339-347.
9. Iravani M, Wald SH. Dexmedetomidine and ketamine for fiberoptic intubation in a child with severe mandibular hypoplasia. J Clin Anesth. 2008;20:455-457.
10. Paterson NA. Management of an unusual pediatric difficult airway using ketamine as a sole agent. Paediatr Anaesth. 2008;18:785-788.
11. Bahk JH, Sung J, Jang IJ. A comparison of ketamine and lidocaine spray with propofol for the insertion of laryngeal mask airway in children: a double-blinded randomized trial. Anesth Analg. 2002;95:1586-1589.
12. Aroni F, Iacovidou N, Dontas I, et al. Pharmacological aspects and potential new clinical applications of ket-amine: reevaluation of an old drug. J Clin Pharmacol. 2009; 49:957-964.
13. Xue FS, Liao X, Xu YC, et al. Sedation and anesthesia for fiberoptic intubation in management of pediatric difficult airways. Paediatr Anaesth. 2008;18:1239-1241.
14. Tait AR, Malviya S. Anesthesia for the child with an upper respiratory tract infection: still a dilemma?. Anesth Analg. 2005;100:59-65.
15. Parnis SJ, Barker DS, Van Der Walt JH. Clinical predictors of anaesthetic complications in children with respiratory tract infections. Paediatr Anaesth. 2001;11:29-40.
16. Bremerich DH. Anesthesia in bronchial asthma. Anas-thesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 2000;35: 545-558.
17. Burburan SM, Xisto DG, Rocco PR. Anaesthetic manage-ment in asthma. Minerva Anestesiol. 2007;73:357-365.
18. Corssen G, Gutierrez J, Revez JG, et al. Ketamine in the anesthetic management of asthmatic patients. Anesth Analg. 1972;51:588-596.
19. Brown RH, Wagner EM. Mechanisms of bronchoprotec-tion by anesthetic induction agents: propofol versus ketamine. Anesthesiology. 1999;90:822-888.
20. Tait AR, Malviya S, Voepel-Lewis T, et al. Risk factors for perioperative adverse respiratory events in children with upper respiratory tract infections. Anesthesiology. 2001;95: 299-306.
21. Warner DO, Warner MA, Barnes RD, et al. Perioperative respiratory complications in patients with asthma. Anesthesiology. 1996;85:460-467.
22. Green SM, Rothrock SG, Lynch EL, et al. Intramuscular ketamine for pediatric sedation in the emergency department: safety profile in 1,022 cases. Ann Emerg Med. 1998;31:688-697.
23. Erden IA, Pamuk AG, Akinci SB, et al. Comparison of propofol-fentanyl with propofol-fentanyl-ketamine combination in pediatric patients undergoing interven-tional radiology procedures. Paediatr Anaesth. 2009;19: 500-506.
24. Rai K, Hegde AM, Goel K. Sedation in uncooperative children undergoing dental procedures: a comparative evaluation of midazolam, propofol and ketamine. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2007;32:1-4.
25. Denmark TK, Hargrove JR, Brown L. Intramuscular ketamine to facilitate pediatric central vascular access. CJEM. 2004;6:259-262.
26. Lucas da Silva PS, Oliveira Iglesias SB, Leão FV, et al. Procedural sedation for insertion of central venous catheters in children: comparison of midazolam/fentanyl with midazolam/ketamine. Paediatr Anaesth. 2007;17: 358-363.
27. Auden SM, Sobczyk WL, Solinger RE, et al. Oral ketamine/midazolam is superior to intramuscular me-peridine, promethazine, and chlorpromazine for pediatric cardiac catheterization. Anesth Analg. 2000;90:299-305.
28. Shah S, Shah S, Apuya J, et al. Combination of oral ketamine and midazolam as a premedication for a se-verely autistic and combative patient. J Anesth. 2009;23: 126-128.