Aridity and grazing as convergent selective forces: An experiment with an Arid Chaco bunchgrass

Ecological Applications

Volumn 20, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 1876-1889

  Quiroga, R Emiliano ^a   Golluscio, Rodolfo A ^b   Blanco, Lisandro J ^a   Fernández, Roberto J ^b  

^a INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE TECNOLOGÍA AGROPECUARIA INTA   (Argentina)

^b UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES   (Argentina)

Author keywords

Argentinean Arid Chaco region; Avoidance; Common garden; Convergence; Defoliation; Drought; Evolution; Natural selection; Resistance; Tolerance; Trichloris crinita

Indexed keywords

WATER;

ADAPTATION; ARID REGION; ARIDITY; DEFOLIATION; DIGESTIBILITY; DROUGHT RESISTANCE; FORAGE; GENOTYPE; GRASS; GRAZING; GROWING SEASON; HERBIVORY; NATIVE SPECIES; NATURAL SELECTION; RESOURCE ALLOCATION; SEED; SEMIARID REGION; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; SOIL TEMPERATURE; SOLAR RADIATION;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CATTLE; DROUGHT; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; GENETIC SELECTION; PHYSIOLOGY; POACEAE;

ANIMALS; CATTLE; DROUGHTS; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; POACEAE; SELECTION, GENETIC; WATER;

ARGENTINA; CHACO [ARGENTINA];

TRICHLORIS CRINITA;

EID: 77957745950     PISSN: 10510761     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/09-0641.1     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Adler, P. B., D. G. Milchunas, W. K. Lauenroth, O. E. Sala, and I. E. Burke. 2004. Functional traits of graminoids in semi-arid steppes: a test of grazing histories. Journal of Applied Ecology 41:653-663.
2. Agrawal, A. A. 2000. Overcompensation of plants in response to herbivory and the by-product benefits of mutualism. Trends in Plant Science 5:309-313.
3. Anderson, D. L. 1983. Compatibilidad entre pastoreo y mejoramiento de los pastizales naturales. Revista Argentina de Producción Animal 10:3-22. [In Spanish.]
4. Anderson, D. L., J. A. Del Aguila, A. Marchi, J. C. Vera, E. L. Orionte, and A. E. Bernardon. 1980. Manejo del pastizal natural y producción ganadera. Parte 1. Editorial INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [In Spanish.]
5. Anslow, R. C. 1966. The rate of appearance of leaves on tillers of the Gramineae. Herbage Abstracts 36:149-155.
6. Bailey, D. W., J. E. Gross, E. A. Laca, L. R. Rittenhouse, M. B. Coughenour, D. M. Swift, and P. L. Sims. 1996. Mechanisms that result in large herbivore grazing distribution patterns. Journal of Range Management 49:386-400.
7. Blanco, L. J., M. O. Aguilera, J. M. Paruelo, and F. N. Biurrun. 2008. Grazing effect on NDVI across an aridity gradient in Argentina. Journal of Arid Environments 72:764-776.
8. Blanco, L. J., C. A. Ferrando, F. N. Biurrun, E. L. Orionte, P. Namur, D. J. Recalde, and G. D. Berone. 2005. Vegetation responses to roller chopping and buffelgrass seeding in Argentina. Rangeland Ecology and Management 58:219-224.
9. Blanco, L. J., and E. L. Orionte. 2003. Effects of two defoliation treatments on forage production of Trichloris crinita Lag. Revista Argentina de Produccion Animal 23:81-89. [In Spanish.]
10. Briske, D. D. 1991. Developmental morphology and physiology of grasses. Pages 85-107 in R. K. Heitschmidt and J. W. Stuth, editors. Grazing management. An ecological perspective. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, USA.
11. Cabido, M., C. Gonzalez, A. Acosta, and S. Díaz. 1993. Vegetation changes along a precipitation gradient in Central Argentina. Plant Ecology 109:5-14.
12. Campbell, G. S., and J. M. Norman. 1998. An introduction to environmental biophysics. Second edition. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
13. Chapin, F. S., III, K. Autumn, and F. Pugnaire. 1993. Evolution of suites of traits in response to environmental stress. American Naturalist 142:578-592.
14. Cingolani, A. M., I. Noy-Meir, and S. Díaz. 2005. Grazing effects on rangeland diversity: a synthesis of contemporary models. Ecological Applications 15:757-773.
15. Clifton-Brown, J. C., and I. Lewandowski. 2000. Water use efficiency and biomass partitioning of three different Miscanthus genotypes with limited and unlimited water supply. Annals of Botany 86:191-200.
16. Cook, C. W., and J. Stubbendieck. 1986. Range research: basic problems and techniques. Society of Range Management, Denver, Colorado, USA.
17. Coppock, D. L., J. K. Detling, J. E. Ellis, and M. I. Dyer. 1983. Plant-herbivore interactions in a North American mixed-grass prairie. I. Effects of black-tailed prairie dogs on intraseasonal aboveground plant biomass and nutrient dynamics and plant species diversity. Oecologia 56:1-9.
18. Coughenour, M. B. 1985. Graminoid responses to grazing by large herbivores: adaptations, exaptations, and interacting processes. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 72:852-863.
19. Dalmasso, A. D. 1994. Fenologia de cinco gramíneas nativas de interés forrajero. Multiequina 3:9-24. [In Spanish.]
20. Detling, J. K., and E. L. Painter. 1983. Defoliation responses of western wheatgrass populations with diverse histories of prairie dog grazing. Oecologia 57:65-71.
21. Dyer, M. I., M. A. Acra, G. M. Wang, D. C. Coleman, D. W. Freckman, S. J. McNaughton, and B. R. Strain. 1991. Source-sink carbon relations in two Panicum coloratum ecotypes in response to herbivory. Ecology 72:1972-1983.
22. Endler, J. A. 1986. Natural selection in the wild. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
23. Fernández, R. J., and J. F. Reynolds. 2000. Potential growth and drought tolerance of eight desert grasses: lack of a tradeoff? Oecologia 123:90-98.
24. Fornoni, J., and J. Nunez-Farfan. 2000. Evolutionary ecology of Datura stramonium: genetic variation and costs for tolerance to defoliation. Evolution 54:789-797.
25. Garcia, M. G., C. A. Busso, P. Polci, N. L. García Girou, and V. Echenique. 2002. Water relations and leaf growth rate of the three Agropyron genotypes under water stress. Biocell 26:309-317.
26. Gil, J. L. 2001. Comparación de los procedimientos GLM y MIXED del SAS para analizar diseños de parcelas divididas con bloques al azar. Zootecnia Tropical 19:43-58. [In Spanish.]
27. Goering, H. K., and P. J. Van Soest. 1970. Forage fiber analysis. Agriculture Handbook Number 379. USDA, Washington, D.C., USA.
28. Golluscio, R. A., O. E. Sala, and W. K. Lauenroth. 1998. Differential use of large summer rainfall events by shrubs and grasses: a manipulative experiment in the Patagonian steppe. Oecologia 115:17-25.
29. Gomez, J. C., H. P. Calella, R. R. Corzo, and A. A. Reynoso. 1993. Mapa de las subregiones de vegetatión y suelo del Chaco Árido de La Rioja. Proyecto de Desarrollo Rural Integral de Los Llanos. Consejo Federal de Inversiones, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [In Spanish.]
30. Greco, S. A., and J. B. Cavagnaro. 2002. Effects of drought in biomass production and allocation in three varieties of Trichloris crinita P. (Poaceae) a forage grass from the arid Monte region of Argentina. Plant Ecology 164:125-135.
31. Grime, J. P. 1977. Evidence for the existence of three primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory. American Naturalist 111:1160-1194.
32. Herrera, C. M. 2000. Measuring the effects of pollinators and herbivores: evidence for non-additivity in a perennial herb. Ecology 81:2170-2176.
33. Hochwender, C. G., R. J. Marquis, and K. A. Stowe. 2000. The potential for and constraints on the evolution of compensatory ability in Asclepias syriaca. Oecologia 122:361-370.
34. Huffon, K. M., and S. J. Mazer. 2003. Plant ecotypes: genetic differentiation in the age of ecological restoration. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18:147-155.
35. Humphreys, M. W., R. S. Yadav, A. J. Cairns, L. B. Turner, J. Humphreys, and L. Skøt. 2006. A changing climate for grassland research. New Phytologist 169:9-26.
36. Jaramillo, V. J., and J. K. Detling. 1988. Grazing history, defoliation, and competition: effects on shortgrass production and nitrogen accumulation. Ecology 69:1599-1608.
37. Juenger, T., T. Lennartsson, and J. Tuomi. 2000. The evolution of tolerance to damage in Gentianella campestris: natural selection and the quantitative genetics of tolerance. Evolutionary Ecology 14:393-419.
38. Kotanen, P. M., and J. Bergelson. 2000. Effects of simulated grazing on different genotypes of Bouteloua gracilis: how important is morphology? Oecologia 123:66-74.
39. Lee, M. 1998. Genome projects and gene pools: new germplasm for plant breeding? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 95:2001-2004.
40. Lemaire, G., and D. F. Chapman. 1996. Tissue flows in grazed communities. Pages 3-37 in J. Hodgson and A. W. Illius, editors. The ecology and management of grazing systems. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
41. Lewontin, R. C. 1970. The units of selection. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1:1-18.
42. Littell, R. C., G. A. Milliken, W. W. Stroup, and R. D. Wolfinger. 1996. SAS for mixed models. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
43. Loreti, J., M. Oesterheld, and R. J. C. León. 1994. Efectos de la interactión del pastoreo y la inundatión sobre Paspalum dilatatum, un pasto nativo de la Pampa Deprimida. Ecologia Austral 4:49-58. [In Spanish.]
44. Loreti, J., M. Oesterheld, and O. E. Sala. 2001. Lack of intraspecific variation in resistance to defoliation in a grass that evolved under light grazing pressure. Plant Ecology 157:195-202.
45. Maschinski, J., and T. G. Whitham. 1989. The continuum of plant responses to herbivory: the influences of plant association, nutrient availability, and timing. American Naturalist 134:1-19.
46. Mauricio, R., M. D. Rausher, and D. S. Burdick. 1997. Variation in the defense strategies of plants: are resistance and tolerance mutually exclusive? Ecology 78:1301-1311.
47. McCain, S., and M. S. Davies. 1983. Effects of pre-treatment with phosphate in natural populations of Agrostis capillaris L. I. Influences on the subsequent long term yield of, and accumulation of phosphorus in, plants grown from tillers. New Phytologist 94:367-379.
48. McCleary, B. V., V. Solah, and T. S. Gibson. 1994. Quantitative measurement of total starch in cereal flours and products. Journal of Cereal Science 20:51-58.
49. McKay, J. K., C. E. Christian, S. Harrison, and K. Rice. 2005. How local is local? A review of practical and conceptual issues in the genetics of restoration. Restoration Ecology 13:432-440.
50. McNaughton, S. J. 1979. Grazing as an optimization process: grass-ungulate relationships in the Serengeti. American Naturalist 113:691-703.
51. McNaughton, S. J. 1993. Grasses and grazers, science and management. Ecological Applications 3:17-20.
52. Milchunas, D. G., and W. K. Lauenroth. 1993. Quantitative effects of grazing on vegetation and soils over a global range of environments. Ecological Monographs 63:327-366.
53. Milchunas, D. G., O. E. Sala, and W. K. Lauenroth. 1988. A generalized model of the effects of grazing by large herbivores on grassland community structure. American Naturalist 132:87-106.
54. Mooney, H. A., and S. L. Gulmon. 1982. Constraints on leaf structure and function in reference to herbivory. BioScience 32:198-206.
55. Morello, J. H., J. Protomastro, L. A. Sancholuz, and C. Blanco. 1985. Estudio macroecológico de Los Llanos de La Rioja. Serie del cincuentenario de la Administración de Parques Nacionales 5:1-53. [In Spanish.]
56. Nicora, E. G., and Z. E. Rúigolo de Agrasar. 1987. Los géneros de gramíneas de America austral. Editorial Hemisferio Sur, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [In Spanish.]
57. Nobel, P. S. 1999. Physicochemical and environmental plant physiology. Second edition. Academic Press, San Diego, California, USA.
58. Orians, G. H., and O. T. Solbrig. 1977. A cost-income model of leaves and roots with special reference to arid and semiarid areas. American Naturalist 111:677-690.
59. Painter, E. L., J. K. Detling, and D. A. Steingraeber. 1989. Grazing history, defoliation, and frequency-dependent competition: effect on two North American grasses. American Journal of Botany 76:1368-1379.
60. Painter, E. L., J. K. Detling, and D. A. Steingraeber. 1993. Plant morphology and grazing history: relationships between native grasses and herbivores. Plant Ecology 106:37-62.
61. Peacock, J. M. 1976. Temperature and leaf growth in four grass species. Journal of Applied Ecology 13:225-232.
62. Pezzani, F., and C. Montaña. 2006. Inter-and intraspecific variation in the germination response to light quality and scarification in grasses growing in two-phase mosaics of the Chihuahuan Desert. Annals of Botany 97:1063-1071.
63. Prohaska, F. J. 1959. El polo de calor de América del Sur. IDIA 141:27-30. [In Spanish.]
64. Quiroga, R. E., L. J. Blanco, and E. L. Orionte. 2009. Evaluatión de estrategias de rehabilitation de pastizales áridos. Ecología Austral 19:107-117. [In Spanish.]
65. Ragonese, A. E., and J. C. Castiglioni. 1970. La vegetatión del Parque Chaqueño. Sociedad Argentina de Botanica 11:133-160. [In Spanish.]
66. Rice, K. J., and N. C. Emery. 2003. Managing microevolution: restoration in the face of global change. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1:469-478.
67. Rohweder, D. A., R. E. Barnes, and N. Jorgensen. 1978. Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analysis for evaluating quality. Journal of Animal Science 47:747-759.
68. Sal, J. D. 1989. Evaluation and adaptability of different biotypes of Trichloris crinita (Poaceae) in Catamarca, Argentina. Thesis. New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA.
69. SAS Institute. 1996. SAS/STAT software: changes and enhancements through Release 6.11. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
70. Simms, E. L., and M. D. Rausher. 1989. The evolution of resistance to herbivory in Ipomea purpurea. II. Natural selection by insects and costs of resistance. Evolution 43:573-585.
71. Stebbins, G. L. 1981. Coevolution of grasses and herbivores. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 68:75-86.
72. Stowe, K. A., R. J. Marquis, C. G. Hochwender, and E. L. Simms. 2000. The evolutionary ecology of tolerance to consumer damage. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 31:565-595.
73. Strauss, S. Y., and A. A. Agrawal. 1999. The ecology and evolution of plant tolerance to herbivory. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 14:179-186.
74. Tardieu, F., M. Reymond, B. Muller, C. Granier, T. Simonneau, W. Sadok, and C. Welcker. 2005. Linking physiological and genetic analyses of the control of leaf growth under changing environmental conditions. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56:937-946.
75. Tomas, M. A., A. D. Carrera, and M. Poverene. 2000. Is there any genetic differentiation among populations of Piptochaetium napostaense (Speg.) Hack (Poaceae) with different grazing histories. Plant Ecology 147:227-235.
76. Vail, S. G. 1992. Selection for overcompensatory plant responses to herbivory: a mechanism for the evolution of plant-herbivory mutualism. American Naturalist 139:1-8.
77. Volaire, F., and K. Thomas. 1995. Effects of drought on water relations, mineral uptake, water-soluble carbohydrate accumulation and survival of two contrasting populations of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.). Annals of Botany 75:513-524.
78. Wu, K. K., and S. K. Jain. 1978. Genetic and plastic responses in geographic differentiation of Bromus rubens populations. Canadian Journal of Botany 56:873-879.