Social involvement, behavioural risks and cognitive functioning among older people

Ageing and Society

Volumn 30, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 779-809

  Engelhardt, Henriette ^a   Buber, Isabella ^b   Skirbekk, Vegard ^c   Prskawetz, Alexia ^b,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BAMBERG   (Germany)

^b VIENNA INSTITUTE OF DEMOGRAPHY   (Austria)

^c INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED SYSTEMS ANALYSIS   (Austria)

^d VIENNA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Austria)

Author keywords

behavioural risks; cognitive ageing; cognitive reserve; social engagement; social involvement

Indexed keywords

AGING POPULATION; COGNITION; PUBLIC ATTITUDE; RISK FACTOR; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL PARTICIPATION;

EUROPE;

EID: 77957285399     PISSN: 0144686X     EISSN: 14691779     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0144686X09990626     Document Type: Article

References (92)

1. Adam, S., Bay, C., Bonsang, E., Germain, S. and Perelman, S. 2006.Occupational Activities and Cognitive Reserve : A Frontier Approach Applied to the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).Centre de Recherche en Économie Publique et de la Population [Research Centre on Public and Population Economics], Working Paper 0605, HEC-Management School, University of Liège, Belgium.Available online at http:// ideas.repec.org/p/rpp/wpaper/0605.html [Accessed 26 August 2009].
2. Aigner, D., Lovell, K. and Schmidt, P. 1977.Formulation and estimation of stochastic frontier production function models.Journal of Econometrics, 6, 1, 21-37.
3. Ball, K., Berch, D.B., Helmers, K.F., Jobe, J.B., Leveck, M.D., Marsiske, M., Morris, J.N., Rebok, G.W., Smith, D.M., Tennstedt, S.L., Unverzagt, F.W.and Willis, S.L.2002.Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults.Journal of the American Medical Association, 288, 18, 2271-2281
4. Baltes, P.B.and Baltes, M.M.1990.Psychological perspectives on successful aging: The model of selective optimization with compensation.In Baltes, P.B.and Baltes, M.M.(eds), Successful Aging : Perspectives from the Behavioral Sciences.Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1-34.
5. Baltes, P.B.and Mayer, K.U.(eds) 1999.The Berlin Aging Study : Aging from 70 to 100.Cambridge University Press, New York.
6. Bardage, C., Pluijm, S.M.F., Pedersen, N.L., Deeg, D.J.H., Jylhä, M., Noale, M., Blumstein, T. and Otero, A.2005.Self-rated health among older adults : A cross-national comparison.European Journal of Ageing, 2, 2, 149-158 (Pubitemid 41086546)
7. Barnes, L.L., Mendes de Leon, C.F., Wilson, R.S., Bienias, J.L.and Evans, D..A.2004.Social resources and cognitive decline in a population of older African Americans and whites.Neurology, 63, 12, 2322-2326
8. Bassuk, S., Glass, T..A.and Berkman, L.F.1999.Social disengagement and incident cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly persons.Annals of Internal Medicine, 131, 3, 165-173 (Pubitemid 29364998)
9. Battese, G.E.and Coelli, T.J.1995.A model for technical inefficiency effects in a stochastic frontier production function for panel data.Empirical Economics, 20, 2, 325-332
10. Beland, F., Zunzunegui, M.-V., Alvarado, B., Otero, A.and del Ser, T. 2005.Trajectories of cognitive decline and social relations.Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 60, 6, P320-30. (Pubitemid 41566805)
11. Belgrave, L.L., Haug, M.R.and Gomez-Bellenge, F.X.1987.Gender and race differences in effects of health and pension on retirement before 65.Comprehensive Gerontology B, 1, 3, 109-117
12. Bennett, D.A., Wilson, R.S., Schneider, J.A., Evans, D.A., Mendes de Leon, C.F., Arnold, S.E., Barnes, L.L.and Bienias, J.L.2003.Education modifies the relation of AD pathology to level of cognitive function in older persons.Neurology, 60, 12, 1909-1915 (Pubitemid 36736005)
13. Berkman, L.F., Glass, T., Brissette, I. and Seeman, T.E.2000.From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium.Social Science and Medicine, 51, 6, 843-857 (Pubitemid 30326785)
14. Blum, J.E., Jarvik, L.F.and Clark, E.T.1970.Rate of change on selective tests of intelligence : A twenty-year longitudinal study of aging.Journal of Gerontology, 25, 3, 171-176
15. Bond, G.E., Burr, R., McCurry, S.M., Borenstein Graves, A.and Larson, E.B.2001.Alcohol, aging and cognitive performance in a cohort of Japanese Americans aged 65 and older: The Kame project.International Psychogeriatrics, 13, 2, 207-223 (Pubitemid 32703332)
16. Börsch-Supan, A.and Jürges, H. (eds) 2005.The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe - Methodology.MEA Eigenverlag, Mannheim, Germany.
17. Börsch-Supan, A., Hank, K. and Jürges, H. 2005.A new comprehensive and international view on ageing: Introducing the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe.European Journal of Ageing, 2, 4, 245-253 (Pubitemid 43118780)
18. Bosse, R., Aldwin, C.M., Levenson, M.R.and Ekerdt, D.J.1987.Mental health differences among retirees and workers: Findings from the Normative Aging Study.Psychology and Aging, 2, 4, 383-389
19. Capurso, A., Panza, F., Solfrizzi, V., Capurso, C., Mastroianni, F. and Del Parigi, A.2000.Age-related cognitive decline: Evaluation and prevention strategy.Recenti Progressi in Medicina, 91, 3, 127-134
20. Christensen, H., Mackinnon, A.J., Korten, A.E., Jorm, A.F., Henderson, A.S. and Jacomb, P. 1999.Dispersion in cognitive ability as a function of age: A longitudinal study of an elderly community sample.Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 6, 3, 214-228 (Pubitemid 30108397)
21. Coffey, C.E., Wilkinson, W.E., Parashos, I.A., Soady, S.A., Sullivan, R.J., Patterson, L.J., Figiel, G.S., Webb, M.C., Spritzer, C.E.and Djang, W.T.1992.Quantitative cerebral anatomy of the aging human brain: A cross-sectional study using magnetic resonance imaging.Neurology, 42, 1, 527-536
22. Cohen, S. 2004.Social relationships and health.American Psychologist, 59, 8, 676-684 (Pubitemid 39526342)
23. Cole, M.S., Schaninger, W.S.and Harris, S.G.2002.The workplace social exchange network: A multilevel, conceptual examination.Group and Organizational Management, 27, 1, 142-167
24. Crowe, M., Andel, R., Pedersen, N.L., Johansson, B. and Gatz, M. 2003.Does participation in leisure activities lead to reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease ? A prospective study of Swedish twins.Journal of Gerontology, Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 58, 5, P249-55. (Pubitemid 37169736)
25. Cullum, S., Huppert, F.A., McGee, M., Dening, T., Ahmed, A., Paykel, E.S.and Brayne, C. 2000.Decline across different domains of cognitive function in normal ageing: Results of a longitudinal population-based study using CAMCOG.International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15, 9, 853-862
26. Dave, D., Rashad, I. and Spasojevic, J. 2006.The Effects of Retirement on Physical and Mental Health Outcomes.Working Paper 12123, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
27. Deary, I.J., Pattie, A., Taylor, M.D., Whiteman, M.C., Starr, J.M.and Whalley, L.J.2003.Smoking and cognitive change from age 11 to age 80.Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 74, 7, 1006-1007
28. Deary, I.J., Whalley, L.J., Lemmon, H., Crawford, J.R.and Starr, J.M.2000.The stability of individual differences in mental ability from childhood to old age: Follow-up of the 1932 Scottish mental survey.Intelligence, 28, 1, 49-55.
29. Dik, M.G., Deeg, D.J.H., Visser, M. and Jonker, C. 2003.Early life physical activity and cognition at old age.Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25, 5, 643-653 (Pubitemid 36808150)
30. Elias, M.F., Elias, P.K., Sullivan, L.M., Wolf, P..A.and D'Agostino, R.B.2003.Lower cognitive function in the presence of obesity and hypertension: The Framingham heart study.International Journal of Obesity, 27, 2, 260-268
31. Elwood, P.C., Gallacher, J.E.J., Hopkinson, C.A., Pickering, J., Rabbitt, P., Stollery, B., Brayne, C., Huppert, F..A.and Bayer, A.1999.Smoking, drinking and other life style factors and cognitive function in men in the Caerphilly cohort.Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 53, 1, 9-14. (Pubitemid 29012344)
32. Engelhardt, H., Buber, I., Skirbekk, V. and Prskawetz, A.2008.Social Engagement, Behavioural Risks and Cognitive Functioning Among the Aged.European Demographic Research Paper 2008/1, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften [Austrian Academy of Sciences], Vienna.Available online at http://www.oeaw.ac.at/vid/download/ edrp-1-08.pdf [Accessed 26 August 2009].
33. Falleti, M., Sanfilippo, A., Maruff, P., Weih, L. and Phillips, K.-.A.2006.The nature and severity of cognitive impairment associated with adjuvant chemotherapy in women with breast cancer: A meta-analysis of the current literature.Brain and Cognition, 59, 1, 60-70. (Pubitemid 41405841)
34. Fillit, H.M., Butler, R.N., O'Connell, A.W., Albert, M.S., Birren, J.E., Cotman, C.W., Greenough, W.T., Gold, P.E., Kramer, A.F., Kuller, L.H., Perls, T.T., Sahagan, B.G.and Tully, T. 2002.Achieving and maintaining cognitive vitality with aging.Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 77, 7, 681-696 (Pubitemid 34743044)
35. Glass, T.A., Mendes de Leon, C., Marottoli, R..A.and Berkman, L.F.1999.Populationbased study of social and productive activities as predictors of survival among elderly Americans.British Medical Journal, 319, 7208, 478-483 (Pubitemid 29391355)
36. Glei, D.A., Landau, D.A., Goldman, N., Chuang, Y., Rodríguez, G. and Weinstein, M. 2005.Participating in social activities helps preserve cognitive function: An analysis of a longitudinal, population-based study of the elderly.International Journal of Epidemiology, 34, 4, 864-871 (Pubitemid 41418836)
37. Gow, A., Pattie, A., Whiteman, M.C.and Deary, I.J.2005.Social Support Networks, Loneliness and Cognitive Ageing.Poster presented at the British Psychological Society Quinquennial Conference, Manchester, UK, 30 March to 2 April.Available online at http://psy-web.psy.ed.ac.uk/people/agow/BPS-2005.pdf [Accessed 10 September 2008].
38. Honig, L.S.and Rosenberg, R.N.2000.Apoptosis and neurologic disease.American Journal of Medicine, 108, 4, 317-330
39. Horn, J.L.and Cattell, R. 1966.Refinement and test of the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence.Journal of Educational Psychology, 57, 5, 253-270
40. Horn, J.L.and Cattell, R. 1967.Age differences in fluid and crystallized intelligence.Acta Psychologica, 26, 2, 107-129
41. James, D. and Coyle, C. 1998.Physical exercise, IQ scores and working memory in older men.Education and Ageing, 13, 1, 37-48.
42. Jürges, H. 2007.True health vs. response styles : Exploring cross-country differences in selfreported health.Health Economics, 16, 2, 163-178 (Pubitemid 46206611)
43. Katzman, R. 1993.Education and the prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.Neurology, 43, 6, supplement 3, 13-20. (Pubitemid 23035350)
44. Launer, L.J., Andersen, K., Dewey, M.E., Letenneur, L., Ott, A., Amaducci, L.A., Brayne, C., Copeland, J.R., Dartigues, J.F., Kragh-Sorensen, P., Lobo, A., Martinez-Lage, J.M., Stijnen, T. and Hofman, A.1999.Rates and risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer's disease : Results from EURODEM pooled analyses.EURODEM Incidence Research Group and Work Groups. European Studies of Dementia. Neurology, 52, 1, 78-84. (Pubitemid 29044403)
45. Le Carret, N., Lafont, S., Mayo, W. and Fabrigoule, C. 2003.The effect of education on cognitive performances and its implication for the constitution of the cognitive reserve.Developmental Neuropsychology, 23, 3, 317-337 (Pubitemid 36638006)
46. Mackinnon, A., Christensen, H., Hofer, S.M., Korten, A.E. and Jorm, A.F. 2003.Use it and still lose it? The association between activity and cognitive performance established using latent growth techniques in a community sample.Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 10, 3, 215-229 (Pubitemid 37311136)
47. Maier, H. and Klumb, P.L.2005.Social participation and survival at older ages: Is the effect driven by activity content or context? European Journal of Ageing, 2, 1, 31-39 (Pubitemid 41348943)
48. Maitland, S.B., Intrieri, R.C., Schaie, W.K.and Willis, S.L.2000.Gender differences and changes in cognitive abilities across the adult life span.Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 7, 1, 32-53.
49. McDougall, G.J., Becker, H. and Areheart, K.L.2006.Older males, cognitive function and alcohol consumption.Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 27, 4, 337-353 (Pubitemid 43465460)
50. McEvoy, G.M.and Cascio, W.F.1989.Cumulative evidence of the relationship between employee age and job performance.Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 1, 11-17
51. McGarry, K. 2004.Health and retirement: Do changes in health affect retirement expectations? Journal of Human Resources, 39, 3, 624-648 (Pubitemid 39379336)
52. McGue, M. and Christensen, K. 2007.Social activity and healthy aging: A study of aging Danish twins.Twin Research and Human Genetics, 10, 2, 255-265 (Pubitemid 46658523)
53. Meeusen, W. and van den Broeck, J. 1977.Efficiency estimation from Cobb-Douglas production functions with composed error.International Economic Review, 18, 2, 435-444
54. Mein, G., Martikainen, P., Hemingway, H., Stansfeld, S. and Marmot, M. 2003.Is retirement good or bad for mental and physical health functioning? Whitehall II longitudinal study of civil servants.Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 57, 1, 46-49 (Pubitemid 36054874)
55. Melchior, M., Berkman, L.F., Niedhammer, I., Chea, M. and Goldberg, M. 2003.Social relations and self-reported health : A prospective analysis of the French Gazel cohort.Social Science and Medicine, 56, 8, 1817-1830 (Pubitemid 36299246)
56. Meyer, J.S., Rauch, G.M., Crawford, K., Rauch, R.A., Konno, S., Akiyama, H., Terayama, Y. and Haque, A.1999.Risk factors accelerating cerebral degenerative changes, cognitive decline and dementia.International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14, 12, 1050-1061 (Pubitemid 30066040)
57. Newson, R.S.and Kemps, E.B.2005.General lifestyle activities as a predictor of current cognition and cognitive change.Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 60, 3, 113-121
58. Norman, S., Trö ster, A.I., Fields, J..A.and Brooks, R. 2002.Effects of depression and Parkinson's disease on cognitive functioning.Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 14, 1, 31-36 (Pubitemid 34117020)
59. Park, D.C., Nisbett, R.E.and Hedden, T. 1999.Culture, cognition and aging.Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 54, 2, 75-84.
60. Prskawetz, A., Mahlberg, B. and Skirbekk, V. 2007.Firm productivity, workforce age and educational structure in Austrian industries in 2001.In Clark, R.L.C., Ogawa, N. and Mason, A.(eds), Population Aging, Intergenerational Transfers and the Macroeconomy.Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK, 38-66.
61. Prskawetz, A., Mahlberg, B., Skirbekk, V., Freund, I., Winkler-Dworak, M., Lindh, T., Malmberg, B., Jans, A.-C., Nordström, O.S.and Andersson, F. 2005.The impact of population ageing on innovation and productivity growth in Europe.Report for Tender VT/2004/454, Forschungsbericht 28, Vienna Institute of Demography, Vienna.
62. Rasmussen, L.S., Larsen, K., Houx, P., Skovgaard, L.T., Hanning, C.D., Moller, J.T.and the ISPOCD group 2001.The assessment of postoperative cognitive function.Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 45, 3, 275-289 (Pubitemid 32187530)
63. Rasquin, S.J., Lodder, R., Ponds, I., Winkens, J., Jolles, J. and Verhey, F.R.J.2004.Cognitive functioning after stroke : A one-year follow-up study.Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 18, 2, 138-144 (Pubitemid 39140363)
64. Raz, N. 2004.The aging brain: Structural changes and their implications for cognitive aging.In Dixon, R.A., Bäckman, L. and Nilsson, L.-G. (eds), New Frontiers in Cognitive Aging.Oxford University Press, Oxford, 115-133
65. Richards, M., Hardy, R. and Wadsworth, M.E.2003.Does active leisure protect cognition? Evidence from a national birth cohort.Social Science and Medicine, 56, 4, 785-792 (Pubitemid 36135809)
66. Richards, M., Shipley, B., Fuhrer, R. and Wadsworth, M.E.2004.Cognitive ability in childhood and cognitive decline in mid-life : Longitudinal birth cohort study.British Medical Journal, 328, 7439, 552-557 (Pubitemid 38316624)
67. Salokangas, R.K.and Joukamaa, M. 1991.Physical and mental health changes in retirement age.Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 55, 2-4, 100-107
68. Scarmeas, N., Levy, G., Tang, M.X., Manly, J. and Stern, Y. 2001.Influence of leisure activity on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease.Neurology, 57, 12, 2236-2242 (Pubitemid 34016457)
69. Scarmeas, N. and Stern, Y. 2003.Cognitive reserve and lifestyle.Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25, 5, 625-633 (Pubitemid 36808148)
70. Schaie, K.W.1994.The course of adult intellectual development.American Psychologist, 49, 4, 304-313
71. Schaie, K.W.1996.Intellectual Development in Adulthood : The Seattle Longitudinal Study.Cambridge University Press, New York.
72. Schaie, K.W.and Willis, S.L.1986.Can decline in intellectual functioning be reversed? Developmental Psychology, 22, 2, 223-232
73. Schatz, J. and Buzan, R. 2006.Decreased corpus callosum size in sickle cell disease : Relationship with cerebral infarcts and cognitive functioning.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 12, 1, 24-33. (Pubitemid 43379948)
74. Schmidt, F.L.and Hunter, J.E. 1998. The validity and utility of selection methods in personnel psychology: Practical and theoretical implications of 85 years of research findings.Psychological Bulletin, 124, 2, 262-274 (Pubitemid 128129493)
75. Schmidt, R., Mechtler, L., Kinkel, P.R., Fazekas, F., Kinkel, W.R.and Freidl, W. 1993.Cognitive impairment after acute supratentorial stroke : A 6-month follow-up clinical and computed tomographic study.European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 243, 1, 11-15. (Pubitemid 23276040)
76. Schooler, C., Mulatu, M.S.and Oates, G. 1999.The continuing effects of substantively complex work in the intellectual functioning of older workers.Psychology and Aging, 14, 3, 483-506. (Pubitemid 29455696)
77. Schwartzman, A.E., Gold, D., Andres, D., Arbuckle, T.Y.and Chaikelson, J. 1987.Stability of intelligence : A 40 year follow-up.Canadian Journal of Psychology, 41, 2, 244-256
78. Skirbekk, V. 2008.Age and productivity capacity : Descriptions, causes and policy options.Ageing Horizons (Oxford Institute of Ageing), 8, 4-12.
79. Snowdon, D.A., Kemper, S.J., Mortimer, J.A., Greiner, L.H., Wekstein, D.R.and Markesbery, W.R.1996.Linguistic ability in early life and cognitive function and Alzheimer's disease in later life.Journal of the American Medical Association, 275, 7, 528-532
80. Sugisawa, A., Sugisawa, H., Nakatani, Y. and Shibata, H. 1997.Effect of retirement on mental health and social well-being among elderly Japanese.Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi, 44, 2, 123-130
81. Tesch-Römer, C. and von Kondratowitz, H.J.2006.Comparative ageing research: A flourishing field in need of theoretical cultivation.European Journal of Ageing, 3, 3, 155-167 (Pubitemid 44363689)
82. Tomassini, C., Glaser, K., Wolf, D.A., Broese van Groenou, M.I.and Grundy, E. 2004.Living arrangements among older people: An overview of trends in Europe and the US.A.Population Trends, 115, 24-34.
83. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 1997.International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 1997.UNESCO, Paris.Available online at http://www.unesco.org/education/information/nfsunesco/ doc/isced-1997. htm [Accessed 28 August 2009].
84. United Nations Organisation (UNO) 2007.World Population Prospects : The 2006 Revision.UNO, New York.
85. Verhaegen, P. and Salthouse, T..A.1997.Meta-analyses of age-cognition relations in adulthood: Estimates of linear and nonlinear age effects and structural models.Psychological Bulletin, 122, 3, 231-249
86. Warr, P. 1994.Age and employment.In Triandis, H., Dunnette, M. and Hough, L. (eds), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.Second edition, Consulting Psychologist Press, Thousand Oaks, California, 485-550.
87. Whalley, L.J., Starr, J.M., Athawes, R., Hunter, D., Pattie, A.and Deary, I.J.2000.Childhood mental ability and dementia.Neurology, 55, 10, 1455-1459
88. Wilson, R.S., Barnes, L.L., Mendes de Leon, C.F., Aggarwal, N.T., Schneider, J.S., Bach, J., Pilat, J., Beckett, L.A., Arnold, S.E., Evans, D..A.and Bennett, D..A.2002a.Depressive symptoms, cognitive decline, and risk of AD in older persons.Neurology, 59, 3, 364-370. (Pubitemid 34857928)
89. Wilson, R., Krueger, K.R., Arnold, S.E., Schneider, J.A., Kelly, J.F., Barnes, L.L., Tang, Y. and Bennett, D..A.2007.Loneliness and risk of Alzheimer disease.Archives of General Psychiatry, 64, 2, 234-240 (Pubitemid 46220781)
90. Wilson, R.S., Mendes De Leon, C.F., Barnes, L.L., Schneider, J.A., Bienias, J.L., Evans, D..A.and Bennett, D..A.2002b.Participation in cognitively stimulating activities and risk of incident Alzheimer disease.Journal of the American Medical Association, 287, 6, 742-748 (Pubitemid 34250460)
91. Winocur, G., Vardy, J., Binns, M.A., Kerr, L. and Tannock, I. 2006.The effects of the anti-cancer drugs, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil, on cognitive function in mice.Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 85, 1, 66-75. (Pubitemid 44802737)
92. Zhang, Z. 2006.Gender differentials in cognitive impairment and decline of the oldest old in China.Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 61, 2, S107-15. (Pubitemid 43327261)