72 Earthquake prediction: An overview

International Geophysics

Volumn 81, Issue PART B, 2003, Pages 1205-1216

  Kanamori, Hiroo ^a  

^a CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77957076552     PISSN: 00746142     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0074-6142(03)80186-9     Document Type: Chapter

References (139)

1. Aceves R.L., and Park S.K. Cannot earthquakes be predicted?. Science 278 (1997) 488
2. Aggarwal Y.P., Sykes L.R., Armbruster J., and Sbar M.L. Premonitory changes in seismic velocities and prediction of earthquakes. Nature 241 (1973) 101-104
3. Aki K. A probabilistic synthesis of precursory phenomena. In: Simpson D.W., and Richards P.G. (Eds). Earthquake Prediction, An International Review (1981), Am. Geophys. Un., New York 566-574
4. Allen C.R. Responsibilities in earthquake prediction. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 66 (1976) 2069-2074
5. Ando M. Source mechanisms and tectonic significance of historical earthquakes along the Nankai trough, Japan. Tectonophysics 27 (1975) 119-140
6. Bakun W.H., and Lindh A.G. The Parkfield, California, earthquake prediction experiment. Science 229 (1985) 619-624
7. Bakun W.H., and McEvilly T.V. Recurrence models and Parkfield, California, earthquakes. J. Geophys. Res. 89 (1984) 3051-3058
8. Brune J.N. Implications of earthquake triggering and rupture propagation for earthquake prediction based on premonitory phenomena. J. Geophys. Res. 84 (1979) 2195-2198
9. Burridge R., and Knopoff L. Model and theoretical seismicity. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 57 (1967) 341-371
10. Cifuentes I.L., and Silver P.G. Low-frequency source characteristics of the great 1960 Chilean earthquake. J. Geophys. Res. 94 (1989) 643-663
11. Crampin S., Volti T., and Stefánsson R. A successfully stressforecast earthquake. Geophys. J. Int. 138 (1999) F1-F5
12. Das S., and Scholz C. Off-fault aftershock clusters caused by shear stress increase. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 71 (1981) 1669-1675
13. Deng J., and Sykes L.R. Evolution of the stress field in southern California and triggering of moderate-size earthquakes: A 200-year perspective. J. Geophys. Res. 102 (1997) 9859-9886
14. Ellsworth W.L., Lindh A.G., Prescott W.H., and Herd D.G. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the seismic cycle. In: Simpson D.W., and Richards P.G. (Eds). Earthquake Prediction, An International Review (1981), Am. Geophys. Un., Washington, D.C. 126-140
15. Espinosa-Aranda J.M., Jimenez A., Ibarrola G., Alcantar F., Aguilar A., Inostroza M., and Maldonado S. Mexico City Seismic Alert System. Seismol. Res. Letters 66 (1995) 42-53
16. Fedotov S.A. Regularities of the distribution of strong earthquakes in Kamchatka, the Kuril Islands, and northeast Japan. Trudy Inst. Fiz. Zemli., Acad. Nauk, SSSR 36 (1965) 66-94
17. 110 pp. Frankel A., Mueller C., Barnhard T., Perkins D., Leyendecker E., Dickman N., Hanson S., and Hopper M. National seismic hazard maps: Documentation June 1996. Open File Report 96-532, US Geol. Surv. (1996), Denver, Washington, D.C.
18. Fraser-Smith A.C., Bernardi A., McGill P.R., Ladd M.E., Heliwell R.A., and Villard O.G. Low-frequency magnetic field measurements near the epicenter of the Ms 7.1 Loma Prieta earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett. 17 (1990) 1465-1468
19. Gee L.S., Neuhauser D.S., Dreger D.S., Pasyanos M.E., Uhrhammer R.A., and Romanowicz B. Real-time seismology at UC Berkeley: The rapid earthquake data integration project. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 86 (1996) 936-945
20. Gelfand I.M., Guberman S.A., Keilis-Borok V.I., Knopoff L., Press F., Ranzman E.Y., Rotwain I.M., and Sadovsky A.M. Pattern recognition applied to earthquake epicenters in California. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 11 (1976) 227-283
21. Geller R.J. Debate on evaluation of the VAN method: Editor's introduction. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23 (1996) 1291-1293
22. Geller R.J. Earthquake prediction: a critical review. Geophys. J. Int. 131 (1997) 425-450
23. Geller R.J., Jackson D.D., Kagan Y.Y., and Mulargia F. Earthquakes cannot be predicted. Science 275 (1997) 1616-1617
24. Geller R.J., Jackson D.D., Kagan Y.Y., and Malaria F. Cannot earthquakes be predicted?. Science 278 (1997) 488-490
25. 193 pp. Gokhberg M.B., Morgounov V.A., and Pokhotelov O.A. Earthquake Prediction, Seismo-Electromagnetic Phenomena (1995), Gordon and Breach Publishers, Colorado
26. In: Gupta S.K., and Patwardhan A.M. (Eds). Earthquake Prediction: Present Status (1988), University of Poona, Singapore
27. Habermann R.E. Precursory seismicity patterns: Stalking the mature seismic gap. In: Simpson D.W., and Richards P.G. (Eds). Earthquake Prediction, An International Review (1981), Am. Geophys. Un., Pune 29-42
28. Hardebeck J.L., Nazareth J.J., and Hauksson E. The static stress change triggering model: Constraints from two southern California aftershock sequences. J. Geophys. Res. 103 (1998) 24427-24437
29. Harris R.A. Forecasts of the 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 88 (1998) 898-916
30. Harris R.A. Introduction to special section: Stress triggers, shadows, and implications for seismic hazard. J. Geophys. Res. 103 (1998) 24347-24358
31. Harris R.A., and Simpson R.W. Changes in static stress on southern California faults after the 1992 Landers earthquake. Nature 360 (1992) 251-254
32. Harris R.A., and Simpson R.W. In the shadow of 1857-The effect of the great Ft. Tejon earthquake on subsequent earthquakes in southern California. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23 (1996) 229-232
33. Heki K., and Tamura Y. Short-term afterslip in the 1994 Sanriku-Haruka-Oki earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett. 24 (1997) 3285-3288
34. Hill D.P., Reasenberg P.A., Michael A., Arabaz W.J., Beroza G., et al. Seismicity remotely triggered by the magnitude 7.3 Landers, California, earthquake. Science 260 (1993) 1617-1623
35. Igarashi G., Saeki S., Takahata N., Sumikawa K., Tasaka S., Sasaki Y., Takahashi M., and Sano Y. Ground-water radon anomaly before the Kobe earthquake in Japan. Science 269 (1995) 60-61
36. Imamura A. On the seismic activity of central Japan. Japan J. Astron. Geophys. 6 (1928) 119-137
37. 341 pp. Ingebritsen S.E., and Sanford W.E. Groundwater in Geologic Processes (1998), Cambridge University Press, Washington, D.C.
38. (in Japanese). Ishibashi K. Re-examination of a great earthquake expected in the Tokai district, central Japan-possibility of the "Suruga Bay earthquake". Rept. Coord. Comm. Earthq. Pred. 17 (1977) 126-132
39. In: Isikara A.M., and Vogel A. (Eds). Multidisciplinary Approach to Earthquake Prediction (1982), Friodr. Vieweg & Sohn, Cambridge
40. Jackson D.D., and Kagan K.K. Seismic gap hypothesis: Ten years after. J. Geophys. Res. 96 (1991) 21419-21431
41. Jackson D.D., and Kagan K.K. Reply: to Comment on "Seismic gap hypothesis: Ten years after. J. Geophys. Res. 99 (1993) 9917-9920
42. Jaume S.C., and Sykes L.R. Change in the state of stress on the southern San Andreas fault resulting from the California earthquake sequence of April to June 1992. Science 258 (1992) 1325-1328
43. Jaume S., and Sykes L.R. Evolving towards a critical point: A review of accelerating seismic moment/energy release prior to large and great earthquakes. Pure Appl. Geophys. 155 (1999) 279-306
44. Johnston M.J.S., Linde A.T., and Gladwin M.T. Nearfield high resolution strain measurements prior to the October 18, 1989, Loma Prieta Ms 7.1 earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett. 17 (1990) 1777-1780
45. Johnston M.J.S., Linde A.T., and Agnew D.C. Continuous borehole strain in the San Andreas fault zone before, during, and after the 28 June 1992, Mw 7.3 Landers, California, earthquake. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 84 (1994) 799-805
46. Kanamori H., and Cipar J.J. Focal processes of the Great Chilean earthquake May 22, 1960. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 9 (1974) 128-136
47. Kanamori H., and McNally K.C. Variable rupture mode of the subduction zone along the Ecuador-Colombia coast. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 72 (1982) 1241-1253
48. Kanamori H., Hauksson E., and Heaton T. TERRA scope and CUBE Project at Caltech. EOS, Trans. Am. Geophys. Un 72 (1991) 564
49. Kato T., El-Fiky G.S., Oware E.W., and Miyazaki S. Crustal strains in the Japanese islands as deduced from dense GPS array. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25 (1998) 3445-3448
50. Keilis-Borok V.I. Intermediate-term earthquake prediction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 (1996) 3748-3755
51. Keilis-Borok V.I., Knopoff L., Rotwain I.M., and Allen C.R. Intermediate-term prediction of occurrence times of strong earthquakes. Nature 335 (1988) 690-694
52. Kelleher H.A. Space-time seismicity of the Alaska-Aleutian seismic zone. J. Geophys. Res. 75 (1970) 5745-5756
53. Kelleher J.A. Rupture zones of large South American earthquakes and some predictions. J. Geophys. Res. 77 (1972) 2087-2103
54. Kelleher J., Sykes L., and Oliver J. Possible criteria for predicting earthquake locations and their application to major plate boundaries of the Pacific and the Caribbean. J. Geophys. Res. 78 (1973) 2547-2585
55. Kisslinger C. An experiment in earthquake prediction and the 7 May 1986 Andreanof Islands earthquake. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 78 (1988) 218-229
56. Knopoff L. Earthquake Prediction: The Scientific Challenge. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 (1996) 3719-3720
57. Kossobokov V.G., Romashkova L.L., Keilis-Borok V.I., and Healy J.H. Testing earthquake prediction algorithms: statistically significant advance prediction of the largest earthquakes in the Circum-Pacific, 1992-1997. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 111 (1999) 187-196
58. Kuznetsov I.V. Earthquake mechanisms and dynamics of seismicity. 1995-1998 National Report (1999), Russian Academy of Sciences, Braunschweig 41-48
59. Paper No. 2133. Lee W.H.K., Shin T.C., and Teng T.L. Design and implementation of earthquake early warning systems in Taiwan. Eleventh World Conference on Earthquake Engineering (1996), Elsevier Sci. Ltd., Moscow
60. In: Lighthill J. (Ed). A Critical Review of VAN. World Scientific (1996), Singapore, Amsterdam
61. Linde A.T., Suyehiro K., Miura S., Sacks I.S., and Takagi A. Episodic aseismic slip, stress distribution and seismicity. Nature 334 (1988) 513-515
62. Linde A.T., Gladwin M.T., Johnston M.J.S., Gwyther R.L., and Bilham R.G. A slow earthquake sequence on the San Andreas fault. Nature 383 (1996) 65-68
63. Lindh A.G. Preliminary assessment of long-term probabilities for large earthquakes along selected fault segments of the San Andreas Fault system in California. Open-File Report 83-63, US Geol. Surv. (1983), Menlo Park
64. 326 pp. Lomnitz C. Fundamentals of Earthquake Prediction (1994), John Wiley & Sons, California
65. McEvilly T.V., and Johnson L.R. Earthquakes of strike-slip in central California: Evidence on the question of dilatancy. Science 182 (1973) 581-584
66. McEvilly T.V., and Johnson L.R. Stability of P and S velocities from central California quarry blasts. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 64 (1974) 343-353
67. Michael A., and Langbein J. Earthquake prediction lessons for Parkfield Experiment. EOS, Trans. Am. Geophys. Un 74 (1993) 145
68. Michael A., and Langbein J. Earthquake prediction lessons for Parkfield Experiment. EOS, Trans. Am. Geophys. Un 74 (1993) 153-155
69. Miller S.A. Fluid-mediated influence of adjacent thrusting on the seismic cycle at Parkfield. Nature 382 (1996) 799-802
70. Mogi K. Sequential occurrences of recent great earthquakes. J. Phys. Earth 16 (1968) 30-36
71. Mogi K. Some features of recent seismic activity in and near Japan (2) Activity before and after great earthquakes. Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst. 47 (1969), Tokyo Univ., New York 395-417
72. Mogi K. Temporal variation of crustal deformation during the days preceding a thrust-type great earthquake-The 1944 Tonankai earthquake of Magnitude 8.1, Japan. Pure Appl. Geophys. 122 (1984) 765-780
73. 355 pp. Mogi K. Earthquake Prediction (1985), Academic Press
74. Nakamura Y., and Tucker B.E. Japan's earthquake warning system, Should it be imported to California?. California Geology 41 (1988) 33-41
75. 14 pp. National Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Council Working Group. Earthquake Research at Parkfield, California, 1993 and beyond. US Geol. Surv. Circular 1116 (1994), US Government Printing Office, Tokyo
76. Nersesov I. Earthquake prognostication in the Soviet Union. Bull. New Zealand Soc. Earthq. Eng. 3 (1970) 108-119
77. Nishenko S.P. Seismic potential for large and great interplate earthquakes along the Chilean and southern Peruvian margins of South America: A quantitative reappraisal. J. Geophys. Res. 90 (1985) 3589-3615
78. Nishenko S.P., and Sykes L.R. Comment on "Seismic gap hypothesis: Ten years after". J. Geophys. Res. 98 (1993) 9909-9916
79. Ohtake M., Matumoto T., and Latham G.V. Seismicity gap near Oaxaca, Southern Mexico as a probable precursor to a large earthquake. Pure Appl. Geophys. 115 (1977) 375-385
80. 187 pp. Olson R.S., Podesta B., and Nigg J.M. The Politics of Earthquake Prediction (1989), Princeton Univ. Press, Washington D.C.
81. Otsuka M. A chain-reaction-type source model as a tool to interpret the magnitude-frequency relation of earthquakes. J. Phys. Earth 20 (1972) 35-45
82. Ozawa T., Tabei T., and Miyazaki S. Interplate coupling along the Nanaki Trough off southwest Japan derived from GPS measurements. Geophys. Res. Lett. 26 (1999) 927-930
83. Raleigh C.B., Healy J.H., and Bredehoeft J.D. An experiment in earthquake control at Rangely. Colorado. Science 191 (1976) 1230-1237
84. Reid H.F. The mechanism of the earthquake. The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906. Report of the State Earthquake Investigation Commission 2 (1910), Carnegie Institution, Princeton 1-192
85. 357 pp. Rikitake T. Earthquake Prediction (1976), Elsevier, Washington, D.C.
86. 402 pp. Rikitake T. Earthquake Forecasting and Warning (1982), D. Reidel Publishing, Amsterdam
87. 232 pp. Rikitake T. Earthquake Premonitory Phenomena: Database for Earthquake Prediction (1986), Tokyo University Press, Dordrecht
88. Rikitake T., and Hamada K. Earthquake Prediction. Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology. 3rd ed. (2001), Academic Press, Tokyo 743-760
89. Roeloffs E.A. Hydrologic precursors to earthquakes: A review. Pure Appl. Geophys. 126 (1988) 177-209
90. Rotwain I., and Novikova O. Performance of the earthquake prediction algorithm CN in 22 regions of the world. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 111 (1999) 207-213
91. Rybicki K. Analysis of aftershocks on the basis of dislocation theory. Phys. Earth Planet Inter. 7 (1973) 409-422
92. Rybicki K., Kato T., and Kasahara K. Mechanical interaction between neighboring active faults-Static and dynamic stress field induced by faulting. Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst. 60 (1985), Tokyo Univ., San Diego 1-21
93. Sammis C.G., and Smith S.W. Seismic cycles and the evolution of the stress correlation in cellular automaton models of finite fault networks. Pure Appl. Geophys. 155 (1999) 307-334
94. Savage J.C. The Parkfield prediction fallacy. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 83 (1993) 1-6
95. Scholz C.H. The Black Mountain asperity: Seismic hazard of the southern San Francisco Peninsula, California. Geophys. Res. Lett. 12 (1985) 717-719
96. Scholz C. Whatever happened to earthquake prediction?. Geotimes 42 5 (1997) 16-19
97. Scholz C.H., Sykes L.R., and Aggarwal Y.P. Earthquake prediction: a physical basis. Science 181 (1973) 803-810
98. Segall P., and Harris R. Earthquake deformation cycle on the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, California. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987) 10511-10525
99. Semenov A.M. Variation in the travel-time of transverse and longitudinal waves before violent earthquakes. Izvestia, Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Solid Earth (English Translation), No. 4 (1969) 245-248
100. Smith S.W., and Van de Lindt W. Strain adjustments associated with earthquakes in southern California. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 59 (1969) 1569-1589
101. 161 pp. Sobolev G.A. Fundamental of Earthquake Prediction (1995), Electromagnetic Research Center
102. Sobolev G.A., and Zavyalov A.D. Earthquake prediction. 1995-1998 National Report (1999), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 22-28
103. Stein R.S., King G.C.P., and Lin J. Change in failure stress on the southern San Andreas fault system caused by the 1992 magnitude=7.4 Landers earthquake. Science 258 (1992) 1328-1332
104. Stein R.S., King G.C.P., and Lin J. Stress triggering of the 1994 M=6.7 Northridge, California, earthquake by its predecessors. Science 265 (1994) 1432-1435
105. Stein R.S. The role of stress transfer in earthquake occurrence. Nature 402 (1999) 605-609
106. Sykes L.R., and Jaume S.C. Seismic activity on neighbouring faults as a long-term precursor to large earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay area. Nature 348 (1990) 595-599
107. Sykes L.R., and Nishenko S.P. Probabilities of occurrence of large plate rupturing earthquakes for the San Andreas, San Jacinto, and Imperial Faults, California, 1983-2003. J. Geophys. Res. 89 (1984) 5905-5927
108. Sykes L.R., Shaw B.E., and Scholz C.H. Rethinking earthquake prediction. Pure Appl. Geophys. 155 (1999) 207-232
109. Teng T.L., Wu L., Shin T.C., Tsai Y.B., and Lee W.H.K. One minute after: Intensity map, epicenter, and magnitude. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 87 (1997) 1209-1219
110. Thatcher W., and Lisowski M. Long-term seismic potential of the San Andreas fault southeast of San Francisco, California. J. Geophys. Res. 92 (1987) 4771-4784
111. Toda S., Stein R.S., Reasenberg P.A., Dieterich J.H., and Yoshida A. Stress transferred by the 1995 Mw=6.9 Kobe, Japan, shock: Effect on aftershocks and future earthquake probabilities. J. Geophys. Res. 103 (1998) 24543-24565
112. Tsai Y.B., and Huang M.Y. Strong ground motion characteristics of the Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake of September 21, 1999. Earthq. Eng. & Eng. Seismol. 2 (2000) 1-21
113. Tsunogai U., and Wakita H. Precursory chemical changes in ground water: Kobe earthquake, Japan. Science 269 (1995) 61-63
114. 221 pp. Turcotte D.L. Fractals and Chaos in Geology and Geophysics (1992), Cambridge University Press, Moscow
115. 995 pp. Unesco. Earthquake Prediction (1984), Terra Scientific Publishing Co., Cambridge
116. Utsu T. Large earthquakes near Hokkaido and the expectancy of the occurrence of a large earthquake off Nemuro. Rept. Coord. Comm. Earthq. Predict. 7 (1970) 7-13
117. Valensise G., and Ward S.N. Long-term uplift of the Santa-Cruz coastline in response to repeated earthquakes along the San Andreas fault. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 81 (1991) 1694-1704
118. Varotsos P., and Lazaridou M. Latest aspects of earthquake prediction in Greece based on seismic electric signals. Tectonophysics 188 (1991) 321-347
119. In: Vogel A. (Ed). Terrestrial and Space Techniques in Earthquake Prediction Research (1979), Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig, Friodr
120. Wakita H., Nakamura Y., Notsu K., Noguchi M., and Asada T. Radon anomaly: a possible precursor of the 1978 Izu-Oshima-Kinkai earthquake. Science 207 (1980) 882-883
121. Whitcomb J.H., Garmany J.D., and Anderson D.L. Earthquake prediction: Variation of seismic velocities before the San Fernando earthquake. Science 180 (1973) 632-635
122. Whiteside L., and Habermann R.E. The seismic quiescence prior to the 1978 Oaxaca earthquake IS NOT a precursor to that earthquake (abstract). Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Un 70 (1989) 1232
123. Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities. Probabilities of large earthquakes occurring in California on the San Andreas fault (1988), Government Printing Office
124. Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities. Seismic Hazards in Southern California: Probable Earthquakes, 1994 to 2024. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 85 (1995) 379-439
125. Online version 1, http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of99-517/. Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities. Earthquake Probabilities in the San Francisco Bay Region: 2000 to 2030-A Summary of Findings. Open File Report 99-517, US Geol. Surv. (1999), Menlo Park, Washington, D.C.
126. Wu Y.M., Chung J.K., Shin T.C., Hsiao N.C., Tsai Y.B., Lee W.H.K., and Teng T.L. Development of an integral earthquake early warning system in Taiwan-Case for the Hualien area earthquakes. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Ocean Sciences 10 (1999) 719-736
127. Wu Y.M., Lee W.H.K., Chen C.C., Shin T.C., Teng T.L., and Tsai Y.B. Performance of the Taiwan Rapid Earthquake Information Release System (RTD) during the 1999 Chi-Chi (Taiwan) earthquake. Seismol. Res. Lett. 71 (2000) 338-343
128. In: Wyss M. (Ed). Earthquake Prediction and Seismicity Patterns (1979), Birkhauser Verlag, California
129. In: Wyss M. (Ed). Evaluation of Proposed Earthquake Precursors (1991), Am. Geophys. Un., Basel 94 pp.
130. Wyss M. Second round of evaluations of proposed earthquake precursors. Pure Appl. Geophys. 149 (1997) 3-16
131. Wyss M. Cannot earthquakes be predicted. Science 278 (1997) 487-488
132. Wyss M., and Burford R.O. A predicted earthquake on the San Andreas fault, California. Nature 329 (1987) 323-325
133. Wyss M., and Habermann R.E. Seismic quiescence precursory to a past and a future Kurile islands earthquake. Pure Appl. Geophys. 117 (1979) 1195-1211
134. Wyss M., and Wiemer S. How can one test the seismic gap hypothesis. Pure Appl. Geophys. 155 (1999) 259-278
135. Yamaoka K., Ooida T., et al. Detailed distribution of accelerating foreshocks before a M5.1 earthquake in Japan. Pure Appl. Geophys. 155 (1999) 335-354
136. Yamashina K. A possible factor which triggers shallow intraplate earthquakes. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 18 (1979) 153-164
137. Zhang G., and Liu J. Earthquake Prediction in China. 1995-1998 China National Report on Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (1999), China Meteorological Press, Washington, D.C. 75-88
138. Zhang G., Zhu L., Song X., Li Z., Yang M., Su N., and Chen X. Predictions of the 1997 strong earthquakes in Jiashi, Xinjiang, Chian. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 89 (1999) 1171-1183
139. Zhu C., and Wu Z. The physics of earthquake prediction. 1995-1998 China National Report on Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (1999), China Meteorological Press, Beijing 89-98