메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 100, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 772-793

Climate change and mountain topographic evolution in the central Karakoram, Pakistan

Author keywords

Centralkarakoram; Climate forcing; Erosion; Glaciation; Landscape evolution

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE FORCING; EXHUMATION; GEOMORPHOLOGY; GLACIAL EROSION; GLACIATION; LANDSCAPE EVOLUTION; MOUNTAIN;

EID: 77956737106     PISSN: 00045608     EISSN: 14678306     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2010.500521     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (42)

References (105)
  • 1
    • 76149127042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns of precipitation and topography in the Himalaya
    • ed. S. D. Willett, N. Hovius, M. T. Brandon, and D. M. Fisher, Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America
    • Anders, A. M., G. H. Roe, B. Hallet, D. R. Montgomery, N. J. Finnegan, and J. Putkonen. 2006. Spatial patterns of precipitation and topography in the Himalaya. In Tectonics, climate, and landscape evolution, ed. S. D. Willett, N. Hovius, M. T. Brandon, and D. M. Fisher, 39-53. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.
    • (2006) Tectonics, Climate, and Landscape Evolution , pp. 39-53
    • Anders, A.M.1    Roe, G.H.2    Hallet, B.3    Montgomery, D.R.4    Finnegan, N.J.5    Putkonen, J.6
  • 2
    • 0037178775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IncreaseintheAsiansouthwestmonsoon during thepast four centuries
    • Anderson, D. M., J. T. Overpeck, and A. K. Gupta. 2002. IncreaseintheAsiansouthwestmonsoon during thepast four centuries. Science 297:596-99.
    • (2002) Science , vol.297 , pp. 596-599
    • Anderson, D.M.1    Overpeck, J.T.2    Gupta, A.K.3
  • 3
    • 84875000194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From weather to climate: Seasonal and interannual variability of storms and implications for erosion processes in the Himalaya
    • ed. S. D. Willett, N. Hovius, M. T. Brandon, and D. M. Fisher, Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America
    • Barros, A. P., S. Chiao, T. J. Lang, D. Burbank, and J. Putkonen. 2006. From weather to climate: Seasonal and interannual variability of storms and implications for erosion processes in the Himalaya. In Tectonics, climate, and landscape evolution, ed. S. D. Willett, N. Hovius, M. T. Brandon, and D. M. Fisher, 17-38. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.
    • (2006) Tectonics, Climate, and Landscape Evolution , pp. 17-38
    • Barros, A.P.1    Chiao, S.2    Lang, T.J.3    Burbank, D.4    Putkonen, J.5
  • 4
    • 0028328120 scopus 로고
    • A geodynamic framework for interpreting crustal-scale seismic-reflectivity patterns in compressional orogens
    • Beaumont, C., and G. Quinlan. 1994. A geodynamic framework for interpreting crustal-scale seismic-reflectivity patterns in compressional orogens. Geophysics Journal International 116:754-83.
    • (1994) Geophysics Journal International , vol.116 , pp. 754-783
    • Beaumont, C.1    Quinlan, G.2
  • 7
    • 0034119197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remote sensing and geomorphometric assessment of topographic complexity and erosion dynamics in the Nanga Parbat massif
    • ed. M. Khan, P. J. Treloar, M. P. Searle, and M. Q. Jan, London: Geological Society London
    • Bishop, M. P., and J. F. Shroder, Jr. 2000. Remote sensing and geomorphometric assessment of topographic complexity and erosion dynamics in the Nanga Parbat massif. In Tectonics of the Nanga Parbat syntaxis and the western Himalaya, ed. M. Khan, P. J. Treloar, M. P. Searle, and M. Q. Jan, 181-200. London: Geological Society London.
    • (2000) Tectonics of The Nanga Parbat Syntaxis and The Western Himalaya , pp. 181-200
    • Bishop, M.P.1    Shroder, J.F.2
  • 10
    • 0141872097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remote sensing and geomorphometry for studying relief production in high mountains
    • Bishop,M.P.,J.F.Shroder,Jr.,andJ.D.Colby.2003.Remote sensing and geomorphometry for studying relief production in high mountains. Geomorphology 55:345-61.
    • (2003) Geomorphology , vol.55 , pp. 345-361
    • Bishop, M.P.1    Shroder Jr, J.F.2    Colby, J.D.3
  • 12
    • 0030620729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic limits on landscape development in the northwestern Himalaya
    • Brozovic, N., D. W. Burbank, and A. J. Meigs. 1997. Climatic limits on landscape development in the northwestern Himalaya. Science 276:571-74.
    • (1997) Science , vol.276 , pp. 571-574
    • Brozovic, N.1    Burbank, D.W.2    Meigs, A.J.3
  • 14
    • 0035726894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pacific sea surface temperature forcing dominates orbital forcing of the early Holocene monsoon
    • Bush, A. B. G. 2001. Pacific sea surface temperature forcing dominates orbital forcing of the early Holocene monsoon. Quaternary Research 55:25-32.
    • (2001) Quaternary Research , vol.55 , pp. 25-32
    • Bush, A.B.G.1
  • 15
    • 33947382720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extratropical influences on the El Nino Southern Oscillation through the late Quaternary
    • Bush, A. B. G. 2007. Extratropical influences on the El Nino Southern Oscillation through the late Quaternary. Journal of Climate 20:788-800.
    • (2007) Journal of Climate , vol.20 , pp. 788-800
    • Bush, A.B.G.1
  • 16
    • 0033610394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The climate of the Last Glacial Maximum: Results from a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model
    • Bush, A. B. G., and S. G. H. Philander. 1999. The climate of the Last Glacial Maximum: Results from a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model. Journal of Geophysical Research 104:509-25.
    • (1999) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.104 , pp. 509-525
    • Bush, A.B.G.1    Philander, S.G.H.2
  • 17
    • 77956787553 scopus 로고
    • Glaciology
    • ed. A. Marussi. Leiden, The Netherlands: E. J. Brill. Cenderelli, D. A., and E. E. Wohl. 2003. Flow hydraulics and geomorphic effects of glacial-lake outburst floods in the Mount Everest region, Nepal. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
    • Caputo, M. 1964. Glaciology. In Geophysics of the Karakorum, ed. A. Marussi. Leiden, The Netherlands: E. J. Brill. Cenderelli, D. A., and E. E. Wohl. 2003. Flow hydraulics and geomorphic effects of glacial-lake outburst floods in the Mount Everest region, Nepal. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 28:385-407.
    • (1964) In Geophysics of The Karakorum , vol.28 , pp. 385-407
    • Caputo, M.1
  • 22
    • 1842488796 scopus 로고
    • Glacier regime and glacial sediment facies: A hypothetical framework for the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
    • Beijing: Science Press
    • Derbyshire, E. 1981. Glacier regime and glacial sediment facies: A hypothetical framework for the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. In Proceedings of the Symposium on QinghaiXizang (Tibet) Plateau, vol. 2, 1649-56. Beijing: Science Press.
    • (1981) Proceedings of The Symposium On QinghaiXizang (Tibet) Plateau, Vol. 2 , pp. 1649-1656
    • Derbyshire, E.1
  • 24
    • 0033039975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of regional climate scenarios using a downscaling approach
    • Easterling, D. R. 1999. Development of regional climate scenarios using a downscaling approach. Climatic Change 41:615-34.
    • (1999) Climatic Change , vol.41 , pp. 615-634
    • Easterling, D.R.1
  • 26
    • 84879881560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial coincidence of rapid inferred erosion with young metamorphic massifs in the Himalayas
    • Finlayson, D. R., D. R. Montgomery, and B. Hallet. 2002. Spatial coincidence of rapid inferred erosion with young metamorphic massifs in the Himalayas. Geology 30:219-22.
    • (2002) Geology , vol.30 , pp. 219-222
    • Finlayson, D.R.1    Montgomery, D.R.2    Hallet, B.3
  • 28
    • 84879886788 scopus 로고
    • Rapid Pliocene exhumation in the Karakoram (Pakistan), revealed by fission-track thermochronology of the K2 gneiss
    • Foster, D. A., A. J. W. Gleadow, and G. Mortimer. 1994. Rapid Pliocene exhumation in the Karakoram (Pakistan), revealed by fission-track thermochronology of the K2 gneiss. Geology 22:19-22.
    • (1994) Geology , vol.22 , pp. 19-22
    • Foster, D.A.1    Gleadow, A.J.W.2    Mortimer, G.3
  • 29
    • 46449098329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Himalaya: Carbon sink or source?
    • Gaillardet, J., and A. Galy. 2008. Himalaya: Carbon sink or source? Science 320:1727-28.
    • (2008) Science , vol.320 , pp. 1727-1728
    • Gaillardet, J.1    Galy, A.2
  • 31
    • 84879888238 scopus 로고
    • Landscapedissection,isostaticuplift,andthe morphologic development of orogens
    • Gilchrist, A. R., M. A. Summerfield, and H. A. P. Cockburn.1994.Landscapedissection,isostaticuplift,andthe morphologic development of orogens. Geology 22:96366.
    • (1994) Geology , vol.22 , pp. 96366
    • Gilchrist, A.R.1    Summerfield, M.A.2    Cockburn, H.A.P.3
  • 33
    • 0030438474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rates of erosion and sediment evacuation by glaciers: A review of field data and their implications
    • Hallet, B., L. Hunter, and J. Bogen. 1996. Rates of erosion and sediment evacuation by glaciers: A review of field data and their implications. Global and Planetary Change 12:213-35.
    • (1996) Global and Planetary Change , vol.12 , pp. 213-235
    • Hallet, B.1    Hunter, L.2    Bogen, J.3
  • 34
    • 69749111253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond power: Bedrock river incision process and form
    • ed. K. J. Tinkler and E. E. Wohl, Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union
    • Hancock, G. S., R. S. Anderson, and K. X. Whipple. 1998. Beyond power: Bedrock river incision process and form. In Rivers over rock: Fluvial processes in bedrock channels, ed. K. J. Tinkler and E. E. Wohl, 35-60. Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union.
    • (1998) Rivers Over Rock: Fluvial Processes In Bedrock Channels , pp. 35-60
    • Hancock, G.S.1    Anderson, R.S.2    Whipple, K.X.3
  • 35
    • 0000573423 scopus 로고
    • Glaciation and denudation rates
    • Harbor, J., and J. Warburton. 1992. Glaciation and denudation rates. Nature 356:751.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.356 , pp. 751
    • Harbor, J.1    Warburton, J.2
  • 36
    • 0000488185 scopus 로고
    • Glacier surges in the Karakoram Himalaya (Central Asia)
    • Hewitt, K. 1969. Glacier surges in the Karakoram Himalaya (Central Asia). Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 6:1009-18.
    • (1969) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences , vol.6 , pp. 1009-1018
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 37
    • 0002773584 scopus 로고
    • Catastrophic landslide deposits in the Karakoram Himalaya
    • Hewitt, K. 1988. Catastrophic landslide deposits in the Karakoram Himalaya. Science 242:64-77.
    • (1988) Science , vol.242 , pp. 64-77
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 38
    • 0024935897 scopus 로고
    • The altitudinal organisation of Karakoram geomorphic processes and depositional environments
    • Hewitt, K. 1989. The altitudinal organisation of Karakoram geomorphic processes and depositional environments. Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 76:9-32.
    • (1989) Zeitschrift Für Geomorphologie , vol.76 , pp. 9-32
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 39
    • 0000178966 scopus 로고
    • Altitudinal organization of Karakoram geomorphic processes and depositional environments
    • ed. J. F. Shroder, Jr, London and New York: Routledge
    • Hewitt, K. 1993. Altitudinal organization of Karakoram geomorphic processes and depositional environments. In Himalaya to the sea, ed. J. F. Shroder, Jr., 159-83. London and New York: Routledge.
    • (1993) Himalaya to The Sea , pp. 159-183
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 40
    • 0032317148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catastrophic landslides and their effects on theUpperIndusstreams,KarakoramHimalaya,northern Pakistan
    • Hewitt, K. 1998a. Catastrophic landslides and their effects on theUpperIndusstreams,KarakoramHimalaya,northern Pakistan. Geomorphology 26:47-80.
    • (1998) Geomorphology , vol.26 , pp. 47-80
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 41
    • 0009173152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glaciers receive a surge of attention in the Karakoram Himalaya
    • Hewitt, K. 1998b. Glaciers receive a surge of attention in the Karakoram Himalaya. Eos 79:104-5.
    • (1998) Eos , vol.79 , pp. 104-105
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 42
    • 0032826820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quaternary moraines vs. catastrophic avalanches in the Karakoram Himalaya, northern Pakistan
    • Hewitt, K. 1999. Quaternary moraines vs. catastrophic avalanches in the Karakoram Himalaya, northern Pakistan. Quaternary Research 51:220-37.
    • (1999) Quaternary Research , vol.51 , pp. 220-237
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 43
    • 33749134629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Karakoram anomaly? Glacier expansion and the "elevation effect," Karakoram Himalaya
    • Hewitt, K. 2005. The Karakoram anomaly? Glacier expansion and the "elevation effect," Karakoram Himalaya. Mountain Research and Development 25:332-40.
    • (2005) Mountain Research and Development , vol.25 , pp. 332-340
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 44
    • 37549046831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tributary glacier surges: An exceptional concentration at Panmah Glacier, Karakoram Himalaya
    • Hewitt, K. 2007. Tributary glacier surges: An exceptional concentration at Panmah Glacier, Karakoram Himalaya. Journal of Glaciology 53:181-88.
    • (2007) Journal of Glaciology , vol.53 , pp. 181-188
    • Hewitt, K.1
  • 45
    • 0024799596 scopus 로고
    • Hydrological investigations at Biafo Glacier, Karakorum Range, Himalaya: An important source of water for the Indus River
    • Hewitt, K., C. P. Wake, G. J. Young, and C. David. 1989. Hydrological investigations at Biafo Glacier, Karakorum Range, Himalaya: An important source of water for the Indus River. Annals of Glaciology 13: 103-8.
    • (1989) Annals of Glaciology , vol.13 , pp. 103-108
    • Hewitt, K.1    Wake, C.P.2    Young, G.J.3    David, C.4
  • 46
    • 0019213506 scopus 로고
    • Thresholds in river regimes
    • ed. D. R. Coates and J. D. Vitek, London: Allen and Unwin
    • Howard, A. D. 1980. Thresholds in river regimes. In Thresholds in geomorphology, ed. D. R. Coates and J. D. Vitek, 227-58. London: Allen and Unwin.
    • (1980) Thresholds In Geomorphology , pp. 227-258
    • Howard, A.D.1
  • 49
    • 53649111436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tibetan plateau river incision inhibited by glacial stabilization of the Tsangpo gorge
    • Korup, O., and D. R. Montgomery. 2008. Tibetan plateau river incision inhibited by glacial stabilization of the Tsangpo gorge. Nature 455:786-90.
    • (2008) Nature , vol.455 , pp. 786-790
    • Korup, O.1    Montgomery, D.R.2
  • 50
    • 0027866127 scopus 로고
    • Velocity of radio waves in glaciers as an indicator of their hydrothermal state, structure and regime
    • Macheret, Y. Y., M. Y. Moskalevsky, and E. V. Vasilenko. 1993. Velocity of radio waves in glaciers as an indicator of their hydrothermal state, structure and regime. Journal of Glaciology 39:373-84.
    • (1993) Journal of Glaciology , vol.39 , pp. 373-384
    • Macheret, Y.Y.1    Moskalevsky, M.Y.2    Vasilenko, E.V.3
  • 51
    • 84870815592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exhumation of Neogene gneiss domes between oblique crustal boundaries in south Karakorum (northwest Himalaya, Pakistan)
    • ed. D. L. Whitney, C. Teyssier, and C. S. Siddoway, Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America
    • Mahéo, G., A. Pecher, S. Guillot, Y. Rolland, and C. Delacourt. 2004. Exhumation of Neogene gneiss domes between oblique crustal boundaries in south Karakorum (northwest Himalaya, Pakistan). In Gneiss domes in orogeny, ed. D. L. Whitney, C. Teyssier, and C. S. Siddoway, 141-54. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.
    • (2004) Gneiss Domes In Orogeny , pp. 141-154
    • Mahéo, G.1    Pecher, A.2    Guillot, S.3    Rolland, Y.4    Delacourt, C.5
  • 52
    • 33846073560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glaciological characteristics of the ablation zone of Baltoro Glacier, Karakoram, Pakistan
    • Mayer, C., A. Lambrecht, M. Belo, C. Smiraglia, and G. Diolaiuti. 2006. Glaciological characteristics of the ablation zone of Baltoro Glacier, Karakoram, Pakistan. Annals of Glaciology 43:123-31.
    • (2006) Annals of Glaciology , vol.43 , pp. 123-131
    • Mayer, C.1    Lambrecht, A.2    Belo, M.3    Smiraglia, C.4    Diolaiuti, G.5
  • 53
    • 0018717541 scopus 로고
    • Himalayan and Trans-Himalayan glacier fluctuations since AD 1812
    • Mayewski, P. A., and P. A. Jeschke. 1979. Himalayan and Trans-Himalayan glacier fluctuations since AD 1812. Arctic and Alpine Research 11:267-87.
    • (1979) Arctic and Alpine Research , vol.11 , pp. 267-287
    • Mayewski, P.A.1    Jeschke, P.A.2
  • 54
    • 33846098315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice ablation and meteorological conditions on the debris-covered area of Baltoro Glacier, Karakoram, Pakistan
    • Mihalcea, C., C. Mayer, G. Diolaiuti, A. Lambrecht, C. Smiraglia, and G. Tartari. 2006. Ice ablation and meteorological conditions on the debris-covered area of Baltoro Glacier, Karakoram, Pakistan. Annals of Glaciology 43:292-300.
    • (2006) Annals of Glaciology , vol.43 , pp. 292-300
    • Mihalcea, C.1    Mayer, C.2    Diolaiuti, G.3    Lambrecht, A.4    Smiraglia, C.5    Tartari, G.6
  • 56
    • 0024192333 scopus 로고
    • A review of the geophysical constraints on the deep structure of the Tibetan Plateau, the Himalaya and the Karakoram, and their tectonic implications
    • Molnar, P. 1988. A review of the geophysical constraints on the deep structure of the Tibetan Plateau, the Himalaya and the Karakoram, and their tectonic implications. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series A 326:33-88.
    • (1988) Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society of London, Series A , vol.326 , pp. 33-88
    • Molnar, P.1
  • 57
    • 0025590478 scopus 로고
    • Late Cenozoic uplift of mountain ranges and global climatic change: Chicken or egg?
    • Molnar, P., and P. England. 1990. Late Cenozoic uplift of mountain ranges and global climatic change: Chicken or egg? Nature 46:29-34.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.46 , pp. 29-34
    • Molnar, P.1    England, P.2
  • 58
    • 17144473893 scopus 로고
    • Valley incision and uplift of mountain peaks
    • Montgomery, D. R. 1994. Valley incision and uplift of mountain peaks. Journal of Geophysical Research 99:913-21.
    • (1994) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.99 , pp. 913-921
    • Montgomery, D.R.1
  • 59
    • 0037104073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topographic controls on erosion rates in tectonically active mountain ranges
    • Montgomery, D. R., and M. T. Brandon. 2002. Topographic controls on erosion rates in tectonically active mountain ranges. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 201:481-89.
    • (2002) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.201 , pp. 481-489
    • Montgomery, D.R.1    Brandon, M.T.2
  • 60
    • 0001429497 scopus 로고
    • Miniature high power impulse transmitter for radio-echo sounding
    • Narod, B. B., and G. K. C. Clarke. 1994. Miniature high power impulse transmitter for radio-echo sounding. Journal of Glaciology 40:190-94.
    • (1994) Journal of Glaciology , vol.40 , pp. 190-194
    • Narod, B.B.1    Clarke, G.K.C.2
  • 61
    • 0028554306 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of the Gibbs oscillation in spectral model simulations
    • Navarra, A., W. F. Stern, and K. Miyakoda. 1994. Reduction of the Gibbs oscillation in spectral model simulations. Journal of Climatology 7:1169-83.
    • (1994) Journal of Climatology , vol.7 , pp. 1169-1183
    • Navarra, A.1    Stern, W.F.2    Miyakoda, K.3
  • 62
    • 0002823559 scopus 로고
    • Wet-sediment deformation of Quaternary and recent sediments in the Skardu Basin, Karakoram Mountains, Pakistan
    • ed. D. Croot, Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Balkema
    • Owen, L. A. 1988. Wet-sediment deformation of Quaternary and recent sediments in the Skardu Basin, Karakoram Mountains, Pakistan. In Glaciotectonics: Forms and Processes, ed. D. Croot, 123-48. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Balkema.
    • (1988) Glaciotectonics: Forms and Processes , pp. 123-148
    • Owen, L.A.1
  • 63
    • 33645314057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial cosmogenic surface exposure dating of the oldest glacial successions in the Himalayan orogen
    • Owen, L. A., M. W. Caffee, K. Bovard, R. C. Finkel, and M. Sharma. 2006. Terrestrial cosmogenic surface exposure dating of the oldest glacial successions in the Himalayan orogen. Geological Society of America Bulletin 118: 383-92.
    • (2006) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.118 , pp. 383-392
    • Owen, L.A.1    Caffee, M.W.2    Bovard, K.3    Finkel, R.C.4    Sharma, M.5
  • 66
    • 84879882641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of multiple glaciations during the Late Quaternary in the Hunza Valley, Karakoram Mountains, Northern Pakistan: Defined by cosmogenic radionuclide dating of moraines
    • Owen, L. A., R. C. Finkel, M. W. Caffee, and L. Gualtieri. 2002. Timing of multiple glaciations during the Late Quaternary in the Hunza Valley, Karakoram Mountains, Northern Pakistan: Defined by cosmogenic radionuclide dating of moraines. Geological Society of America Bulletin 114:593-604.
    • (2002) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.114 , pp. 593-604
    • Owen, L.A.1    Finkel, R.C.2    Caffee, M.W.3    Gualtieri, L.4
  • 67
    • 0034830388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cosmogenic radionuclide dating of glacial landforms in the Lahul Himalaya, Northern India: Defining the timing of Late Quaternary glaciation
    • Owen, L. A., L. Gualtieri, R. C. Finkel, M. W. Caffee, D. I. Benn, and M. C. Sharma. 2001. Cosmogenic radionuclide dating of glacial landforms in the Lahul Himalaya, Northern India: Defining the timing of Late Quaternary glaciation. Journal of Quaternary Science 16:555-63.
    • (2001) Journal of Quaternary Science , vol.16 , pp. 555-563
    • Owen, L.A.1    Gualtieri, L.2    Finkel, R.C.3    Caffee, M.W.4    Benn, D.I.5    Sharma, M.C.6
  • 69
    • 50349101157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glacial erosion and mountain building
    • Pelletier, J. D. 2008. Glacial erosion and mountain building. Geology 36:591-92.
    • (2008) Geology , vol.36 , pp. 591-592
    • Pelletier, J.D.1
  • 70
    • 0028170266 scopus 로고
    • Ice age paleotopography
    • Peltier, W. R. 1994. Ice age paleotopography. Science 265:195-201.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 195-201
    • Peltier, W.R.1
  • 71
    • 69549113424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applying geodesy and modeling to test the role of climate controlled erosion in shaping Himalayan morphology and evolution
    • Pratt-Sitaula, B., B. N. Upreti, T. Melbourne, A. Miner, E. Parker, S. M. Rai, and T. N. Bhattarai. 2009. Applying geodesy and modeling to test the role of climate controlled erosion in shaping Himalayan morphology and evolution. Himalayan Geology 30:123-31.
    • (2009) Himalayan Geology , vol.30 , pp. 123-131
    • Pratt-Sitaula, B.1    Upreti, B.N.2    Melbourne, T.3    Miner, A.4    Parker, E.5    Rai, S.M.6    Bhattarai, T.N.7
  • 73
    • 69649094516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate control on erosion distribution over the Himalaya during the past 100 ka
    • Rahaman, W., S. K. Singh, R. Sinha, and S. K. Tandon. 2009. Climate control on erosion distribution over the Himalaya during the past 100 ka. Geology 37:559-62.
    • (2009) Geology , vol.37 , pp. 559-562
    • Rahaman, W.1    Singh, S.K.2    Sinha, R.3    Tandon, S.K.4
  • 74
    • 0034875596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downscaling of greenhouse gas induced climate change in two GCMs with the Rossby Centre regional climate model for northern Europe
    • Raisanen, J., M. Rummukainen, and A. Ullerstig. 2001. Downscaling of greenhouse gas induced climate change in two GCMs with the Rossby Centre regional climate model for northern Europe. Tellus Series A 53:168-91.
    • (2001) Tellus Series A , vol.53 , pp. 168-191
    • Raisanen, J.1    Rummukainen, M.2    Ullerstig, A.3
  • 75
    • 0027063891 scopus 로고
    • Tectonic forcing of late Cenozoic climate
    • Raymo, M. E., and W. F. Ruddiman. 1992. Tectonic forcing of late Cenozoic climate. Nature 359:117-22.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.359 , pp. 117-122
    • Raymo, M.E.1    Ruddiman, W.F.2
  • 76
    • 0000470824 scopus 로고
    • Influence of late Cenozoic mountain building on ocean geochemical cycles
    • Raymo, M. E., W. F. Ruddiman, and P. N. Froelich. 1988. Influence of late Cenozoic mountain building on ocean geochemical cycles. Geology 16:649-53.
    • (1988) Geology , vol.16 , pp. 649-653
    • Raymo, M.E.1    Ruddiman, W.F.2    Froelich, P.N.3
  • 78
    • 0035875227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downscaling temperature and precipitation: A comparison of regression-based methodsandartificialneuralnetworks
    • Schoof, J. T., and S. C. Pryor. 2001. Downscaling temperature and precipitation: A comparison of regression-based methodsandartificialneuralnetworks.InternationalJournal of Climatology 21:773-90.
    • (2001) InternationalJournal of Climatology , vol.21 , pp. 773-790
    • Schoof, J.T.1    Pryor, S.C.2
  • 83
    • 42649091131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rates of fluvial bedrock incision within an actively uplifting orogen: Central Karakoram Mountains, northern Pakistan
    • Shroder, Jr. 2008. Rates of fluvial bedrock incision within an actively uplifting orogen: Central Karakoram Mountains, northern Pakistan. Geomorphology 97:274-86.
    • (2008) Geomorphology , vol.97 , pp. 274-286
    • Shroder, J.1
  • 84
    • 56049109328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geomorphology of anomalously high glaciated mountains at the northwestern end of Tibet: Muztag Ata and Kongur Shan
    • Seong, Y. B., L. A. Owen, C. Yi, R. C. Finkel, and L. Schoenbohm. 2009. Geomorphology of anomalously high glaciated mountains at the northwestern end of Tibet: Muztag Ata and Kongur Shan. Geomorphology 103:227-50.
    • (2009) Geomorphology , vol.103 , pp. 227-250
    • Seong, Y.B.1    Owen, L.A.2    Yi, C.3    Finkel, R.C.4    Schoenbohm, L.5
  • 85
    • 0036629899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of late Quaternary monsoonal glaciation on the Tibetan Plateau and in East Asia
    • Shi, Y. 2002. Characteristics of late Quaternary monsoonal glaciation on the Tibetan Plateau and in East Asia. Quaternary International 97-98:79-91.
    • (2002) Quaternary International 97-98 , pp. 79-91
    • Shi, Y.1
  • 86
    • 0032318186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Slope failure and denudation in the western Himalaya
    • Shroder, J. F., Jr. 1998. Slope failure and denudation in the western Himalaya. Geomorphology 26:81-105.
    • (1998) Geomorphology , vol.26 , pp. 81-105
    • Shroder Jr, J.F.1
  • 87
    • 0034043696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unroofing of the Nanga Parbat Himalaya
    • ed. M. Khan, P. J. Treloar, M. P. Searle, and M. Q. Jan, London: Geological Society of London
    • Shroder, J. F., Jr., and M. P. Bishop. 2000. Unroofing of the Nanga Parbat Himalaya. In Tectonics of the Nanga Parbat syntaxis and the western Himalaya, ed. M. Khan, P. J. Treloar, M. P. Searle, and M. Q. Jan, 163-79. London: Geological Society of London.
    • (2000) Tectonics of The Nanga Parbat Syntaxis and The Western Himalaya , pp. 163-179
    • Shroder Jr, J.F.1    Bishop, M.P.2
  • 88
    • 85010254844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • River longitudinal profiles and bedrock incision models: Stream power and the influence of sediment supply
    • ed. K. J. Tinkler and E. E. Wohl, Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union
    • Sklar, L. S., and W. E. Dietrich. 1998. River longitudinal profiles and bedrock incision models: Stream power and the influence of sediment supply. In Rivers over rock: Fluvial processes in bedrock channels, ed. K. J. Tinkler and E. E. Wohl, 237-60. Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union.
    • (1998) Rivers Over Rock: Fluvial Processes In Bedrock Channels , pp. 237-260
    • Sklar, L.S.1    Dietrich, W.E.2
  • 89
    • 84874992125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sediment and rock strength controls on river incision into bedrock
    • Sklar, L. S., and W. E. Dietrich. 2001. Sediment and rock strength controls on river incision into bedrock. Geology 29:1087-90.
    • (2001) Geology , vol.29 , pp. 1087-1090
    • Sklar, L.S.1    Dietrich, W.E.2
  • 90
    • 3142761640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-termglacialerosionofactivemountainbelts: Example of the Chugach-St. Elias Range, Alaska
    • Spotila, J. A., J. T. Buscher, A. J. Meigs, and P. W. Reiners. 2004. Long-termglacialerosionofactivemountainbelts: Example of the Chugach-St. Elias Range, Alaska. Geology 32:501-04.
    • (2004) Geology , vol.32 , pp. 501-504
    • Spotila, J.A.1    Buscher, J.T.2    Meigs, A.J.3    Reiners, P.W.4
  • 91
    • 0036022590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of alpine glaciations on the relief of tectonically active mountain belts
    • Tomkin, J. H., and J. Braun. 2002. The influence of alpine glaciations on the relief of tectonically active mountain belts. American Journal of Science 302:169-90.
    • (2002) American Journal of Science , vol.302 , pp. 169-190
    • Tomkin, J.H.1    Braun, J.2
  • 92
    • 77956736629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
    • Turcotte, D. L., and G. Schubert. 2002. Geodynamics. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    • (2002) And G. Schubert
    • Turcotte, D.L.1
  • 95
    • 0024843911 scopus 로고
    • Glaciochemical investigations as a tool for determining the spatial and seasonal variation of snow accumulation in the central Karakoram, northern Pakistan
    • Wake, C. P. 1989. Glaciochemical investigations as a tool for determining the spatial and seasonal variation of snow accumulation in the central Karakoram, northern Pakistan. Annals of Glaciology 13:279-84.
    • (1989) Annals of Glaciology , vol.13 , pp. 279-284
    • Wake, C.P.1
  • 96
    • 65349171535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theinfluenceofclimateonthetectonic evolution of mountain belts
    • Whipple,K.X
    • Whipple,K.X.2009.Theinfluenceofclimateonthetectonic evolution of mountain belts. Nature Geoscience 2:97-104.
    • (2009) Nature Geoscience , vol.2 , pp. 97-104
  • 97
    • 0033517283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geomorphic limits to climate-induced increases in topographic relief
    • Whipple, K. X., E. Kirby, and S. H. Brocklehurst. 1999. Geomorphic limits to climate-induced increases in topographic relief. Nature 401:39-43.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 39-43
    • Whipple, K.X.1    Kirby, E.2    Brocklehurst, S.H.3
  • 98
    • 0033406274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of the stream-power river incision model: Implications for height limits of mountain ranges, landscape response timescales, and research needs
    • Whipple, K. X., and G. E. Tucker. 1999. Dynamics of the stream-power river incision model: Implications for height limits of mountain ranges, landscape response timescales, and research needs. Journal of Geophysical Research 104:17661-74.
    • (1999) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.104 , pp. 17661-1774
    • Whipple, K.X.1    Tucker, G.E.2
  • 99
    • 0030435406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exhumation overrated
    • Whittington, A. G. 1996. Exhumation overrated. Tectonophysics 206:215-26.
    • (1996) Tectonophysics , vol.206 , pp. 215-226
    • Whittington, A.G.1
  • 100
    • 76149114960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tectonics from topography: Procedures, promise and pitfalls
    • ed. S. D. Willett, N. Hovius, M. T. Brandon, and D. M. Fisher, Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America
    • Wobus, C., K. X. Whipple, E. Kirby, N. Snyder, J. Johnson, K. Spyropolou, B. Crosby, and D. Sheehan. 2006. Tectonics from topography: Procedures, promise and pitfalls. In Tectonics, climate, and landscape evolution, ed. S. D. Willett, N. Hovius, M. T. Brandon, and D. M. Fisher, 55-74. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.
    • (2006) Tectonics, Climate, and Landscape Evolution , pp. 55-74
    • Wobus, C.1    Whipple, K.X.2    Kirby, E.3    Snyder, N.4    Johnson, J.5    Spyropolou, K.6    Crosby, B.7    Sheehan, D.8
  • 102
    • 0036192256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visualizing topography by openness: A new application of image processing to digital elevation models
    • Yokoyama, R., M. Shirasawa, and R. J. Pike. 2002. Visualizing topography by openness: A new application of image processing to digital elevation models. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 68:257-65.
    • (2002) Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing , vol.68 , pp. 257-265
    • Yokoyama, R.1    Shirasawa, M.2    Pike, R.J.3
  • 103
    • 84982743609 scopus 로고
    • Cooling history of the NW Himalaya
    • Zeitler, P. K. 1985. Cooling history of the NW Himalaya. Tectonics 4:127-51.
    • (1985) Tectonics , vol.4 , pp. 127-151
    • Zeitler, P.K.1
  • 104
    • 17944368398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal reworking at Nanga Parbat, Pakistan: Metamorphic consequences of thermal-mechanical coupling facilitated by erosion
    • Zeitler, P. K., P. O. Koons, M. P. Bishop, C. P. Chamberlain, D. Craw, M. A. Edwards, S. Hamidullah, et al. 2001. Crustal reworking at Nanga Parbat, Pakistan: Metamorphic consequences of thermal-mechanical coupling facilitated by erosion. Tectonics 20:712-28.
    • (2001) Tectonics , vol.20 , pp. 712-728
    • Zeitler, P.K.1    Koons, P.O.2    Bishop, M.P.3    Chamberlain, C.P.4    Craw, D.5    Edwards, M.A.6    Hamidullah, S.7


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.