메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 918-931

Quantitative analysis of stress echocardiograms in healthy horses with 2-dimensional (2D) echocardiography, anatomical m-mode, tissue doppler imaging, and 2D speckle tracking

Author keywords

Cardiology; Performance evaluation; Treadmill stress testing

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; EQUIDAE;

EID: 77956640848     PISSN: 08916640     EISSN: 19391676     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2010.0542.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (44)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0034651313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes of poor performance of horses during training, racing, or showing: 348 cases (1992-1996)
    • Martin BB, Reef VB, Parente EJ, et al. Causes of poor performance of horses during training, racing, or showing: 348 cases (1992-1996). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000;216:554-558.
    • (2000) J Am Vet Med Assoc , vol.216 , pp. 554-558
    • Martin, B.B.1    Reef, V.B.2    Parente, E.J.3
  • 2
    • 0034185684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and clinical importance of heart murmurs in racehorses
    • Kriz NG, Hodgson DR, Rose RJ. Prevalence and clinical importance of heart murmurs in racehorses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000;216:1441-1445.
    • (2000) J Am Vet Med Assoc , vol.216 , pp. 1441-1445
    • Kriz, N.G.1    Hodgson, D.R.2    Rose, R.J.3
  • 3
    • 0027666106 scopus 로고
    • A survey of cardiac auscultatory findings in horses
    • Patteson MW, Cripps PJ. A survey of cardiac auscultatory findings in horses. Equine Vet J 1993;25:409-415.
    • (1993) Equine Vet J , vol.25 , pp. 409-415
    • Patteson, M.W.1    Cripps, P.J.2
  • 4
    • 0035317601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress echocardiography and its role in performance assessment
    • Reef VB. Stress echocardiography and its role in performance assessment. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2001;17:179-189.
    • (2001) Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract , vol.17 , pp. 179-189
    • Reef, V.B.1
  • 5
    • 84942588742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reed S, Bayly W, Sellon D, eds. Equine Internal Medicine, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders
    • Bonagura JD, Reef V. Disorders of the cardiovascular system. In: Reed S, Bayly W, Sellon D, eds. Equine Internal Medicine, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 2004:355-460.
    • (2004) Disorders of the cardiovascular system , pp. 355-460
    • Bonagura, J.D.1    Reef, V.2
  • 6
    • 33749164024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress echocardiography in horses-a review
    • Sandersen C. Stress echocardiography in horses-a review. Pferdeheilkunde 2006;22:609-617.
    • (2006) Pferdeheilkunde , vol.22 , pp. 609-617
    • Sandersen, C.1
  • 7
    • 0038811612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of dobutamine infusion to exercise as a cardiac stress test in healthy horses
    • Frye MA, Bright JM, Dargatz DA, et al. A comparison of dobutamine infusion to exercise as a cardiac stress test in healthy horses. J Vet Intern Med 2003;17:58-64.
    • (2003) J Vet Intern Med , vol.17 , pp. 58-64
    • Frye, M.A.1    Bright, J.M.2    Dargatz, D.A.3
  • 8
    • 14844320044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atropine reduces dobutamine-induced side effects in ponies undergoing a pharmacological stress protocol
    • Sandersen CF, Detilleux J, Delguste C, et al. Atropine reduces dobutamine-induced side effects in ponies undergoing a pharmacological stress protocol. Equine Vet J 2005;37:128-132.
    • (2005) Equine Vet J , vol.37 , pp. 128-132
    • Sandersen, C.F.1    Detilleux, J.2    Delguste, C.3
  • 9
    • 84878426545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise and pharmacological stress echocardiography in healthy horses
    • Sandersen C, Detilleux J, Art T, et al. Exercise and pharmacological stress echocardiography in healthy horses. Equine Vet J 2006;(Suppl);36:159-162.
    • (2006) Equine Vet J , vol.36 , Issue.SUPPL , pp. 159-162
    • Sandersen, C.1    Detilleux, J.2    Art, T.3
  • 10
    • 0033155011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preand post exercise echocardiography in horses performing treadmill exercise in cool and hot/humid conditions
    • Marr CM, Bright JM, Marlin DJ, et al. Preand post exercise echocardiography in horses performing treadmill exercise in cool and hot/humid conditions. Equine Vet J Suppl 1999;30:131-136.
    • (1999) Equine Vet J Suppl , vol.30 , pp. 131-136
    • Marr, C.M.1    Bright, J.M.2    Marlin, D.J.3
  • 11
    • 84878450761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Right ventricular pressure dynamics and stress echocardiography in pharmacological and exercise stress testing
    • Durando MM, Slack J, Reef VB, et al. Right ventricular pressure dynamics and stress echocardiography in pharmacological and exercise stress testing. Equine Vet J Suppl 2006;36:183-192.
    • (2006) Equine Vet J Suppl , vol.36 , pp. 183-192
    • Durando, M.M.1    Slack, J.2    Reef, V.B.3
  • 12
    • 28244489002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echocardiographic analysis of segmental left ventricular wall motion at rest and after exercise in horses with and without heart disease
    • Gehlen H, Marnette S, Rohn K, et al. Echocardiographic analysis of segmental left ventricular wall motion at rest and after exercise in horses with and without heart disease. J Equine Vet Sci 2005;25:468-479.
    • (2005) J Equine Vet Sci , vol.25 , pp. 468-479
    • Gehlen, H.1    Marnette, S.2    Rohn, K.3
  • 13
    • 33646836312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of atropine-dobutamine stress test on left ventricular echocardiographic parameters in untrained warmblood horses
    • Sandersen CF, Detilleux J, de Moffarts B, et al. Effect of atropine-dobutamine stress test on left ventricular echocardiographic parameters in untrained warmblood horses. J Vet Intern Med 2006;20:575-580.
    • (2006) J Vet Intern Med , vol.20 , pp. 575-580
    • Sandersen, C.F.1    Detilleux, J.2    de Moffarts, B.3
  • 14
    • 77955922879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of left ventricular size and function in horses using anatomical M-mode echocardiography
    • accepted
    • Grenacher PA, Schwarzwald CC. Assessment of left ventricular size and function in horses using anatomical M-mode echocardiography. J Vet Cardiol 2010, accepted.
    • (2010) J Vet Cardiol
    • Grenacher, P.A.1    Schwarzwald, C.C.2
  • 15
    • 0038413561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomical M-mode: An old-new technique
    • Carerj S, Micari A, Trono A, et al. Anatomical M-mode: An old-new technique. Echocardiography 2003;20:357-361.
    • (2003) Echocardiography , vol.20 , pp. 357-361
    • Carerj, S.1    Micari, A.2    Trono, A.3
  • 16
    • 0041929898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of size, function, hemodynamics
    • Boon JA, ed., Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins
    • Boon J. Evaluation of size, function, hemodynamics. In: Boon JA, ed. Manual of Veterinary Echocardiography. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1998:151-260.
    • (1998) Manual of Veterinary Echocardiography , pp. 151-260
    • Boon, J.1
  • 17
    • 32744463747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feigenbaum H, Armstrong W, Ryan T, eds. Feigenbaum's Echocardiography 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
    • Feigenbaum H, Armstrong W, Ryan T. Evaluation of systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle. In: Feigenbaum H, Armstrong W, Ryan T, eds. Feigenbaum's Echocardiography, 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005:138-180.
    • (2005) Evaluation of systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle , pp. 138-180
    • Feigenbaum, H.1    Armstrong, W.2    Ryan, T.3
  • 18
    • 0003547951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Otto C, ed. Textbook of Clinical Echocardiography
    • Otto C. 1Left and right ventricular systolic function. In: Otto C, ed. Textbook of Clinical Echocardiography, 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2004:131-165.
    • (2004) 1Left and right ventricular systolic function , pp. 131-165
    • Otto, C.1
  • 19
    • 29244432482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for chamber quantification: A report from the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology
    • Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification: A report from the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18:1440-1463.
    • (2005) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.18 , pp. 1440-1463
    • Lang, R.M.1    Bierig, M.2    Devereux, R.B.3
  • 20
    • 34547777966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echocardiographic evidence of left atrial mechanical dysfunction after conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm in 5 horses
    • Schwarzwald CC, Schober KE, Bonagura JD. Echocardiographic evidence of left atrial mechanical dysfunction after conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm in 5 horses. J Vet Intern Med 2007;21:820-827.
    • (2007) J Vet Intern Med , vol.21 , pp. 820-827
    • Schwarzwald, C.C.1    Schober, K.E.2    Bonagura, J.D.3
  • 21
    • 18544377811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of regional differences in equine ventricular myocardial velocity in normal 2-year-old Thoroughbreds with Doppler tissue imaging
    • Sepulveda MF, Perkins JD, Bowen IM, et al. Demonstration of regional differences in equine ventricular myocardial velocity in normal 2-year-old Thoroughbreds with Doppler tissue imaging. Equine Vet J 2005;37:222-226.
    • (2005) Equine Vet J , vol.37 , pp. 222-226
    • Sepulveda, M.F.1    Perkins, J.D.2    Bowen, I.M.3
  • 22
    • 34547484335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods and reliability of echocardiographic assessment of left atrial size and mechanical function in horses
    • Schwarzwald CC, Schober KE, Bonagura JD. Methods and reliability of echocardiographic assessment of left atrial size and mechanical function in horses. Am J Vet Res 2007;68:735-747.
    • (2007) Am J Vet Res , vol.68 , pp. 735-747
    • Schwarzwald, C.C.1    Schober, K.E.2    Bonagura, J.D.3
  • 23
    • 67449086622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods and reliability of tissue Doppler imaging for assessment of left ventricular radial wall motion in horses
    • Schwarzwald CC, Schober KE, Bonagura JD. Methods and reliability of tissue Doppler imaging for assessment of left ventricular radial wall motion in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2009;23:643-652.
    • (2009) J Vet Intern Med , vol.23 , pp. 643-652
    • Schwarzwald, C.C.1    Schober, K.E.2    Bonagura, J.D.3
  • 24
    • 34948878583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echocardiographic quantification of myocardial function using tissue deformation imaging-a guide to image acquisition and analysis using tissue Doppler and speckle tracking
    • Teske AJ, De Boeck BW, Melman PG, et al. Echocardiographic quantification of myocardial function using tissue deformation imaging-a guide to image acquisition and analysis using tissue Doppler and speckle tracking. Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2007;5:27-45.
    • (2007) Cardiovasc Ultrasound , vol.5 , pp. 27-45
    • Teske, A.J.1    De Boeck, B.W.2    Melman, P.G.3
  • 25
    • 33645394575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of strain and strain rate by echocardiography: Ready for prime time?
    • Marwick TH. Measurement of strain and strain rate by echocardiography: Ready for prime time? J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;47:1313-1327.
    • (2006) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.47 , pp. 1313-1327
    • Marwick, T.H.1
  • 26
    • 3442888490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue Doppler imaging: A promising technique for quantifying regional myocardial function
    • Chetboul V. Tissue Doppler imaging: A promising technique for quantifying regional myocardial function. J Vet Cardiol 2002; 4:7-12.
    • (2002) J Vet Cardiol , vol.4 , pp. 7-12
    • Chetboul, V.1
  • 27
    • 1542376754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of tissue Doppler imaging in cardiology
    • Nikitin NP, Witte KK. Application of tissue Doppler imaging in cardiology. Cardiology 2004;101:170-184.
    • (2004) Cardiology , vol.101 , pp. 170-184
    • Nikitin, N.P.1    Witte, K.K.2
  • 28
    • 3042631712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification, repeatability, and reproducibility of feline radial and longitudinal left ventricular velocities by tissue Doppler imaging
    • Chetboul V, Athanassiadis N, Carlos C, et al. Quantification, repeatability, and reproducibility of feline radial and longitudinal left ventricular velocities by tissue Doppler imaging. Am J Vet Res 2004;65:566-572.
    • (2004) Am J Vet Res , vol.65 , pp. 566-572
    • Chetboul, V.1    Athanassiadis, N.2    Carlos, C.3
  • 29
    • 3442887125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of repeatability, reproducibility, and effect of anesthesia on determination of radial and longitudinal left ventricular velocities via tissue Doppler imaging in dogs
    • Chetboul V, Athanassiadis N, Carlos C, et al. Assessment of repeatability, reproducibility, and effect of anesthesia on determination of radial and longitudinal left ventricular velocities via tissue Doppler imaging in dogs. Am J Vet Res 2004;65:909-915.
    • (2004) Am J Vet Res , vol.65 , pp. 909-915
    • Chetboul, V.1    Athanassiadis, N.2    Carlos, C.3
  • 30
    • 33847290361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-Doppler two-dimensional strain imaging by echocardiography-from technical considerations to clinical applications
    • Perk G, Tunick PA, Kronzon I. Non-Doppler two-dimensional strain imaging by echocardiography-from technical considerations to clinical applications. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2007;20: 234-243.
    • (2007) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.20 , pp. 234-243
    • Perk, G.1    Tunick, P.A.2    Kronzon, I.3
  • 31
    • 37349075422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional strain imaging: A new echocardiographic advance with research and clinical applications
    • Artis NJ, Oxborough DL, Williams G, et al. Two-dimensional strain imaging: A new echocardiographic advance with research and clinical applications. Int J Cardiol 2008;123:240-248.
    • (2008) Int J Cardiol , vol.123 , pp. 240-248
    • Artis, N.J.1    Oxborough, D.L.2    Williams, G.3
  • 32
    • 67749132466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular radial and circumferential wall motion analysis in horses using strain, strain rate, and displacement by 2D speckle tracking
    • Schwarzwald CC, Schober KE, Berli AS, et al. Left ventricular radial and circumferential wall motion analysis in horses using strain, strain rate, and displacement by 2D speckle tracking. J Vet Intern Med 2009;23:890-900.
    • (2009) J Vet Intern Med , vol.23 , pp. 890-900
    • Schwarzwald, C.C.1    Schober, K.E.2    Berli, A.S.3
  • 33
    • 33746392737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of myocardial deformation based on pixel tracking in two dimensional echocardiographic images enables quantitative assessment of regional left ventricular function
    • Becker M, Bilke E, Kuhl H, et al. Analysis of myocardial deformation based on pixel tracking in two dimensional echocardiographic images enables quantitative assessment of regional left ventricular function. Heart 2006;92:1102-1108.
    • (2006) Heart , vol.92 , pp. 1102-1108
    • Becker, M.1    Bilke, E.2    Kuhl, H.3
  • 34
    • 0001376439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACC/AHA guidelines for the clinical application of echocardiography: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines (committee on clinical application of Echocardiography) Developed in collaboration with the American Society of Echocardiography
    • Cheitlin MD, Alpert JS, Armstrong WF, et al. ACC/AHA guidelines for the clinical application of echocardiography: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines (committee on clinical application of Echocardiography). Developed in collaboration with the American Society of Echocardiography. Circulation 1997;95: 1686-1744.
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.95 , pp. 1686-1744
    • Cheitlin, M.D.1    Alpert, J.S.2    Armstrong, W.F.3
  • 35
    • 0033879659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction and volumes in heart failure by echocardiography radionuclide ventriculography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance; Are they interchangeable?
    • Bellenger NG, Burgess MI, Ray SG, et al. Comparison of left ventricular ejection fraction and volumes in heart failure by echocardiography, radionuclide ventriculography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance; Are they interchangeable? Eur Heart J 2000;21:1387-1396.
    • (2000) Eur Heart J , vol.21 , pp. 1387-1396
    • Bellenger, N.G.1    Burgess, M.I.2    Ray, S.G.3
  • 36
    • 0030844848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of echocardiography with magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of the athlete's heart
    • Pluim BM, Beyerbacht HP, Chin JC, et al. Comparison of echocardiography with magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of the athlete's heart. Eur Heart J 1997;18:1505-1513.
    • (1997) Eur Heart J , vol.18 , pp. 1505-1513
    • Pluim, B.M.1    Beyerbacht, H.P.2    Chin, J.C.3
  • 37
    • 0033930262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-axis contraction of the ventricles: A modern approach, but described already by Leonardo da Vinci
    • Wandt B. Long-axis contraction of the ventricles: A modern approach, but described already by Leonardo da Vinci. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2000;13:699-706.
    • (2000) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.13 , pp. 699-706
    • Wandt, B.1
  • 38
    • 0024573119 scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular function and haemodynamics in ponies during exercise and recovery
    • Rugh KS, Garner HE, Miramonti JR, et al. Left ventricular function and haemodynamics in ponies during exercise and recovery. Equine Vet J 1989;21:39-44.
    • (1989) Equine Vet J , vol.21 , pp. 39-44
    • Rugh, K.S.1    Garner, H.E.2    Miramonti, J.R.3
  • 40
    • 0032530820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial Doppler velocity imaging-a quantitative technique for interpretation of dobutamine echocardiography
    • Yamada E, Garcia M, Thomas JD, et al. Myocardial Doppler velocity imaging-a quantitative technique for interpretation of dobutamine echocardiography. Am J Cardiol 1998;82:806-809.
    • (1998) Am J Cardiol , vol.82 , pp. 806-809
    • Yamada, E.1    Garcia, M.2    Thomas, J.D.3
  • 41
    • 0032694347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of segmental tissue Doppler velocity to quantitate exercise echocardiography
    • Pasquet A, Armstrong G, Beachler L, et al. Use of segmental tissue Doppler velocity to quantitate exercise echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1999;12:901-912.
    • (1999) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.12 , pp. 901-912
    • Pasquet, A.1    Armstrong, G.2    Beachler, L.3
  • 42
    • 2442595144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the longitudinal and circumferential left ventricular function at rest and during exercise in healthy elderly individuals by tissue-Doppler echocardiography: Relationship with heart rate
    • Quintana M, Saha SK, Rohani M, et al. Assessment of the longitudinal and circumferential left ventricular function at rest and during exercise in healthy elderly individuals by tissue-Doppler echocardiography: Relationship with heart rate. Clin Sci (Lond) 2004;106:451-457.
    • (2004) Clin Sci (Lond) , vol.106 , pp. 451-457
    • Quintana, M.1    Saha, S.K.2    Rohani, M.3
  • 43
    • 63549102235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in myocardial velocities during supine and upright exercise stress echocardiography in healthy adults
    • Bjallmark A, Larsson M, Shahgaldi K, et al. Differences in myocardial velocities during supine and upright exercise stress echocardiography in healthy adults. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2009; 29:216-223.
    • (2009) Clin Physiol Funct Imaging , vol.29 , pp. 216-223
    • Bjallmark, A.1    Larsson, M.2    Shahgaldi, K.3
  • 44
    • 0026826472 scopus 로고
    • Systolic time intervals and their derivatives for evaluation of cardiac function
    • Atkins CE, Snyder PS. Systolic time intervals and their derivatives for evaluation of cardiac function. J Vet Intern Med 1992;6:55-63.
    • (1992) J Vet Intern Med , vol.6 , pp. 55-63
    • Atkins, C.E.1    Snyder, P.S.2
  • 45
    • 0344393513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular mechanics during exercise: A Doppler and tissue Doppler study
    • Stoylen A, Wisloff U, Slordahl S. Left ventricular mechanics during exercise: A Doppler and tissue Doppler study. Eur J Echocardiogr 2003;4:286-291.
    • (2003) Eur J Echocardiogr , vol.4 , pp. 286-291
    • Stoylen, A.1    Wisloff, U.2    Slordahl, S.3
  • 46
    • 77957898905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strain rate imaging: Cardiac deformation imaging by ultrasound/echocardiography-Tissue Doppler and speckle tracking
    • Available at, (accessed October 20, 2009)
    • Stoylen A.. Strain rate imaging: Cardiac deformation imaging by ultrasound/echocardiography-Tissue Doppler and speckle tracking. Trondheim, Norway: Website Content, 2008. Available at http://folk.ntnu.no/stoylen/strainrate/ (accessed October 20, 2009).
    • (2008) Trondheim, Norway: Website Content
    • Stoylen, A.1
  • 47
    • 0036073312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial function defined by strain rate and strain during alterations in inotropic states and heart rate
    • Weidemann F, Jamal F, Sutherland GR, et al. Myocardial function defined by strain rate and strain during alterations in inotropic states and heart rate. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2002;283:H792-H799.
    • (2002) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.283
    • Weidemann, F.1    Jamal, F.2    Sutherland, G.R.3
  • 49
    • 0001350598 scopus 로고
    • Movements of the base of the ventricle and relative constancy of the cardiac volume
    • Hamilton WF. Movements of the base of the ventricle and relative constancy of the cardiac volume. Am J Physiol 1932;102: 559-565.
    • (1932) Am J Physiol , vol.102 , pp. 559-565
    • Hamilton, W.F.1
  • 51
    • 65249167019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strain-encoded MRI to evaluate normal left ventricular function and timing of contraction at 0 Tesla
    • Hamdan A, Thouet T, Kelle S, et al. Strain-encoded MRI to evaluate normal left ventricular function and timing of contraction at 3.0 Tesla. J Magn Reson Imaging 2009;29:799-808.
    • (2009) J Magn Reson Imaging , vol.29 , pp. 799-808
    • Hamdan, A.1    Thouet, T.2    Kelle, S.3
  • 52
    • 0033933946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of regional longitudinal myocardial strain rate derived from Doppler myocardial imaging indexes in normal and infarcted myocardium
    • Voigt JU, Arnold MF, Karlsson M, et al. Assessment of regional longitudinal myocardial strain rate derived from Doppler myocardial imaging indexes in normal and infarcted myocardium. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2000;13:588-598.
    • (2000) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.13 , pp. 588-598
    • Voigt, J.U.1    Arnold, M.F.2    Karlsson, M.3
  • 53
    • 29344467185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apex-to-base dispersion in regional timing of left ventricular shortening and lengthening
    • Sengupta PP, Khandheria BK, Korinek J, et al. Apex-to-base dispersion in regional timing of left ventricular shortening and lengthening. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;47:163-172.
    • (2006) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.47 , pp. 163-172
    • Sengupta, P.P.1    Khandheria, B.K.2    Korinek, J.3
  • 55
    • 0013844257 scopus 로고
    • Categorization of common domestic mammals based upon their ventricular activation process
    • Hamlin RL, Smith CR. Categorization of common domestic mammals based upon their ventricular activation process. Ann NY Acad Sci 1965;127:195-203.
    • (1965) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.127 , pp. 195-203
    • Hamlin, R.L.1    Smith, C.R.2
  • 57
    • 0025758339 scopus 로고
    • Stress echocardiography and the human factor: The importance of being expert
    • Picano E, Lattanzi F, Orlandini A, et al. Stress echocardiography and the human factor: The importance of being expert. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;17:666-669.
    • (1991) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.17 , pp. 666-669
    • Picano, E.1    Lattanzi, F.2    Orlandini, A.3
  • 58
    • 0030060589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of interinstitutional observer agreement in interpretation of dobutamine stress echocardiograms
    • Hoffmann R, Lethen H, Marwick T, et al. Analysis of interinstitutional observer agreement in interpretation of dobutamine stress echocardiograms. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996;27:330-336.
    • (1996) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.27 , pp. 330-336
    • Hoffmann, R.1    Lethen, H.2    Marwick, T.3
  • 59
    • 0036558587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refinements in stress echocardiographic techniques improve interinstitutional agreement in interpretation of dobutamine stress echocardiograms
    • Hoffmann R, Marwick TH, Poldermans D, et al. Refinements in stress echocardiographic techniques improve interinstitutional agreement in interpretation of dobutamine stress echocardiograms. Eur Heart J 2002;23:821-829.
    • (2002) Eur Heart J , vol.23 , pp. 821-829
    • Hoffmann, R.1    Marwick, T.H.2    Poldermans, D.3
  • 60
    • 0033652670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute regional myocardial ischemia identified by 2-dimensional multiregion tissue Doppler imaging technique
    • Edvardsen T, Aakhus S, Endresen K, et al. Acute regional myocardial ischemia identified by 2-dimensional multiregion tissue Doppler imaging technique. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2000;13: 986-994.
    • (2000) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.13 , pp. 986-994
    • Edvardsen, T.1    Aakhus, S.2    Endresen, K.3
  • 61
    • 61349168428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-Doppler two dimensional strain imaging for evaluation of coronary artery disease
    • Perk G, Kronzon I. Non-Doppler two dimensional strain imaging for evaluation of coronary artery disease. Echocardiography 2009;26:299-306.
    • (2009) Echocardiography , vol.26 , pp. 299-306
    • Perk, G.1    Kronzon, I.2
  • 62
    • 0036357691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute changes in systolic and diastolic events during clinical coronary angioplasty: A comparison of regional velocity, strain rate, and strain measurement
    • Kukulski T, Jamal F, D'Hooge J, et al. Acute changes in systolic and diastolic events during clinical coronary angioplasty: A comparison of regional velocity, strain rate, and strain measurement. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2002;15:1-12.
    • (2002) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.15 , pp. 1-12
    • Kukulski, T.1    Jamal, F.2    D'Hooge, J.3
  • 63
    • 0036568918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time to onset of regional relaxation: Feasibility, variability and utility of a novel index of regional myocardial function by strain rate imaging
    • Abraham TP, Belohlavek M, Thomson HL, et al. Time to onset of regional relaxation: Feasibility, variability and utility of a novel index of regional myocardial function by strain rate imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;39:1531-1537.
    • (2002) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.39 , pp. 1531-1537
    • Abraham, T.P.1    Belohlavek, M.2    Thomson, H.L.3
  • 64
    • 39749133213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echocardiography for cardiac resynchronization therapy: Recommendations for performance and reporting-a report from the American Society of Echocardiography Dyssynchrony writing group endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society
    • Gorcsan J, Abraham T, Agler DA, et al. Echocardiography for cardiac resynchronization therapy: Recommendations for performance and reporting-a report from the American Society of Echocardiography Dyssynchrony writing group endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2008;21:191-213.
    • (2008) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.21 , pp. 191-213
    • Gorcsan, J.1    Abraham, T.2    Agler, D.A.3
  • 65
    • 34547092415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speckle-tracking strain echocardiography for detecting cardiac dyssynchrony in a canine model of dyssynchrony and heart failure
    • Arita T, Sorescu GP, Schuler BT, et al. Speckle-tracking strain echocardiography for detecting cardiac dyssynchrony in a canine model of dyssynchrony and heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007;293:H735-H742.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.293
    • Arita, T.1    Sorescu, G.P.2    Schuler, B.T.3
  • 66
    • 43049181358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of left ventricular dyssynchrony by speckle tracking strain imaging-comparison between longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strain in cardiac resynchronization therapy
    • Delgado V, Ypenburg C, van Bommel RJ, et al. Assessment of left ventricular dyssynchrony by speckle tracking strain imaging-comparison between longitudinal, circumferential, and radial strain in cardiac resynchronization therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;51:1944-1952.
    • (2008) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.51 , pp. 1944-1952
    • Delgado, V.1    Ypenburg, C.2    van Bommel, R.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.