Normal patterns and variants in PET brain imaging

PET Clinics

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 1-13

  Newberg, Andrew B ^a   Alavi, Abass ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Brain imaging; Metabolism; Neurotransmitter; PET; Radionuclide

Indexed keywords

CYSTEINE ETHYL ESTER TC 99M; HEXAMETHYLPROPYLENE AMINE OXIME TECHNETIUM TC 99M; IODINE 123; NEUROTRANSMITTER; RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL AGENT; TECHNETIUM 99M; TRACER;

ADULTHOOD; AGING; AMINO ACID TRANSPORT; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; BRAIN METABOLISM; BRAIN REGION; COGNITION; HUMAN; INFANCY; LIFESPAN; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROPHYSIOLOGY; NEUROTRANSMISSION; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY;

EID: 77956636839     PISSN: 15568598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2009.12.006     Document Type: Review

References (102)

1. D.E. Kuhl, and R.Q. Edwards Image separation of radioisotope scanning Radiology 80 1963 653 662
2. D.E. Kuhl, R.Q. Edwards, and A.R. Ricci The MARK IV system for radionuclide computed tomography of the brain Radiology 121 1976 405 413
3. A. Alavi, and L.J. Hirsch Studies of central nervous system disorders with single photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography. Evolution over the past 2 decades Semin Nucl Med 21 1991 58 81
4. M. Diksic, R.C. Reba, Radiopharmaceuticals and brain pathology studied with PET and SPECT 1991 CRC Press Boca Raton (FL)
5. H.F. Kung Overview of radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis of central nervous disorders Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 28 1991 269 286
6. T. Ido, C.N. Wan, and V. Casella Labeled 2-deoxyglucose analogs. 18F-labeled 2-deoxyglucose-2-fluoro-D-glucose, 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-manose and 14C-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose J Label Comp Radiopharm 14 1978 175 183
7. M.M. Ter-Pogossian, M.E. Phelps, and E.J. Hoffman A positron emission transaxial tomography for nuclear medicine imaging (PET) Radiology 114 1975 89 98
8. M.E. Phelps, E.J. Hoffman, and N.A. Mullani Design considerations for a positron emission transaxial tomograph (PET-III) IEEE Trans Nucl Sci NS 23 1976 516 522
9. A. Alavi, K.S. Surti, and A. Newberg Preliminary report of performance of high resolution gadalinium orthosilicate (GSO)-based dedicated brain PET scanner J Nucl Med 29 2002 296P
10. A. Newberg, A. Alavi, and M. Reivich Determination of regional cerebral function with FDG-PET imaging in neuropsychiatric disorders Semin Nucl Med 32 2002 13 34
11. A.B. Newberg, A. Alavi, and F. Payer Single photon emission computed tomography in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders Neuroimaging Clin N Am 5 1 1995 103 123
12. A.M. Catafau, E. Parellada, and F. Lomena Baseline, visual deprivation and visual stimulation 99TCm-HMPAO-related changes in visual cortex can be detected with a single-head SPET system Nucl Med Commun 17 1996 480 484
13. J.C. Mazziotta, and M.E. Phelps Human sensory stimulation and deprivation: positron emission tomographic results and strategies Ann Neurol 15 Suppl 1984 S50 S60
14. J. Beer, C. Blakemore, and F.H. Previc Areas of the human brain activated by ambient visual motion, indicating three kinds of self-movement Exp Brain Res 143 2002 78 88
15. F. Castelli, F. Happe, and U. Frith Movement and mind: a functional imaging study of perception and interpretation of complex intentional movement patterns Neuroimage 12 3 2000 314 325
16. F. Mirz, T. Ovesen, and K. Ishizu Stimulus-dependent central processing of auditory stimuli: a PET study Scand Audiol 28 1999 161 169
17. A.R. Halpern, and R.J. Zatorre When that tune runs through your head: a PET investigation of auditory imagery for familiar melodies Cereb Cortex 9 1999 697 704
18. J.D. Greene, R.B. Sommerville, and L.E. Nystrom An fMRI investigation of emotional engagement in moral judgment Science 293 2001 2105 2108
19. J.T. Coull, and C.D. Frith Differential activation of right superior parietal cortex and intraparietal sulcus by spatial and nonspatial attention Neuroimage 8 1998 176 187
20. H. Herzog, V.R. Lele, and T. Kuwert Changed pattern of regional glucose metabolism during yoga meditative relaxation Neuropsychobiology 23 4 1990-1991 182 187
21. J.V. Pardo, P.T. Fox, and M.E. Raichle Localization of a human system for sustained attention by positron emission tomography Nature 349 1991 61 64
22. B.A. Vogt, D.M. Finch, and C.R. Olson Functional heterogeneity in cingulate cortex: the anterior executive and posterior evaluative regions Cereb Cortex 2 1992 435 443
23. E.M. Reiman, R.D. Lane, and G.L. Ahern Neuroanatomical correlates of externally and internally generated human emotion Am J Psychiatry 154 1997 918 925
24. K.L. Phan, T. Wager, and S.F. Taylor Functional neuroanatomy of emotion: a meta-analysis of emotion activation studies in PET and fMRI Neuroimage 16 2002 331 348
25. I. Liberzon, J.K. Zubieta, and L.M. Fig mu-Opioid receptors and limbic responses to aversive emotional stimuli Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99 2002 7084 7089
26. J. Booij, J.B. Habraken, and P. Bergmans Imaging of dopamine transporters with iodine-123-FP-CIT SPECT in healthy controls and patients with Parkinson's disease J Nucl Med 39 1998 1879 1884
27. M. Ichise, J.R. Ballinger, and D. Vines Simplified quantification and reproducibility studies of dopamine D2-receptor binding with iodine-123-IBF SPECT in healthy subjects J Nucl Med 38 1997 31 37
28. H.T. Chugani Functional brain imaging in pediatrics Pediatr Clin North Am 39 1992 777 799
29. D.I. Altman, and J.J. Volpe Positron emission tomography in newborn infants Clin Perinatol 18 1991 549 562
30. H.T. Chugani, M.E. Phelps, and J.C. Mazziotta Positron emission tomography study of human brain functional development Ann Neurol 22 1987 487
31. H.T. Chugani, and M.E. Phelps Maturational changes in cerebral function in infants determined by [18]FDG positron emission tomography Science 231 1986 840
32. T. Takahashi, R. Shirane, and S. Sato Developmental changes of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in children AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 20 1999 917 922
33. C. Kennedy, and L. Sokoloff An adaptation of the nitrous oxide method to the study of the cerebral circulation in children; normal values for cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate in childhood J Clin Invest 36 1957 1130
34. Y. Krausz, O. Bonne, and M. Gorfine Age-related changes in brain perfusion of normal subjects detected by 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT Neuroradiology 40 1998 428 434
35. H.G. Liu, J.M. Mountz, and C. Inampudi A semiquantitative cortical circumferential normalization method for clinical evaluation of rCBF brain SPECT Clin Nucl Med 22 1997 596 604
36. K.L. Leenders, D. Perani, and A.A. Lammertsma Cerebral blood flow, blood volume, and oxygen utilization - normal values and effects of age Brain 113 1990 27 47
37. P.D. Mozley, A.M. Sadek, and A. Alavi Effects of aging on the cerebral distribution of technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime in healthy humans Eur J Nucl Med 24 1997 754 761
38. P. Pantano, J.C. Baron, and P. Lebrun-Grandie Regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption in human aging Stroke 15 1984 635 641
39. A.J. Martin, K.J. Friston, and J.G. Colebatch Decreases in regional cerebral blood flow with normal aging J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 11 1991 684 689
40. H. Takada, K. Nagata, and Y. Hirata Age-related decline of cerebral oxygen metabolism in normal population detected with positron emission tomography Neurol Res 14 1992 128 131
41. M. Pagani, D. Salmaso, and C. Jonsson Regional cerebral blood flow as assessed by principal component analysis and (99m)Tc-HMPAO SPET in healthy subjects at rest: normal distribution and effect of age and gender Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 29 2002 67 75
42. J.B. Chawluk, A. Alavi, and H. Hurtig Altered patterns of regional cerebral glucose metabolism in aging and dementia J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 5 1985 S121 S122
43. M. deLeon, A. George, and J. Tomanelli Positron emission tomography studies of normal aging, a replication of PET III and 18-FDG using PET IV and II-CDG Neurobiol Aging 8 1987 319 323
44. J.B. Chawluk, A. Alavi, and R. Dann Positron emission tomography in aging and dementia. Effect of cerebral atrophy J Nucl Med 28 1987 431 437
45. D. Weiss, E. Souder, and A. Alavi Effects of normal aging on whole brain and regional glucose metabolism as assessed by F-18 positron emission tomography J Nucl Med 31 1990 771
46. F. Yoshii, W.W. Barker, and J.Y. Chang Sensitivity of cerebral glucose metabolism to age, gender, brain volume, brain atrophy, and cerebrovascular risk factors J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 8 1988 654 661
47. D.E. Kuhl, E.J. Metter, and W.H. Riege Effects of human aging on patterns of local cerebral glucose utilization determined by the 18-F fluorodeoxyglucose method J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2 1982 163 171
48. A. Alavi, P.R. Jolles, and D.G. Jamieson Anatomic and functional changes of the brain in normal aging and dementia as demonstrated by MRI, CT, and PET Nucl Med Ann 1989 49 79
49. A. Loessner, A. Alavi, and K.U. Lewandrowski Regional cerebral function determined by FDG-PET in healthy volunteers: normal patterns and changes with age J Nucl Med 36 1995 1141 1149
50. J.L. Eberling, T.E. Nordahl, and N. Kusubov Reduced temporal lobe glucose metabolism in aging J Neuroimaging 5 1995 178 182
51. A. Alavi, J.B. Chawluck, and H. Hurtig Determination of patterns of regional cerebral glucose metabolism in normal aging and dementia J Nucl Med 26 1985 P69
52. S.A. Miura, M.B. Shapiro, and C.L. Grady Effects of gender on glucose utilization rates in healthy humans: a positron emission tomography study J Neurosci Res 27 1990 500 504
53. T. Kawachi, K. Ishii, and S. Sakamoto Gender differences in cerebral glucose metabolism: a PET study J Neurol Sci 199 2002 79 83
54. D.E. Kuhl, E.J. Metter, and W.H. Riege The effect of normal aging on patterns of local cerebral glucose utilization Ann Neurol 15 Suppl 1984 S133 S137
55. R.A. Hawkins, J.C. Mazziotta, and M.E. Phelps Cerebral glucose metabolism as a function of age in man: influence of the rate constants in fluorodeoxyglucose J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 3 1983 250 253
56. D.K. Dastur Cerebral blood flow and metabolism in normal human aging, pathological aging, and senile dementia J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 5 1985 1
57. T. Yamaguchi, I. Kanno, and K. Nemura Reduction in regional cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen during human aging Stroke 17 1986 1220
58. R.S.J. Frackowiak, and J.M. Gibbs Cerebral metabolism and blood flow in normal aging and pathological aging P.L. Pagistretti, Functional radionuclide imaging of the brain 1983 Raven Press New York
59. L.O. Wahlund, I. Agartz, and O. Almqvist The brain in healthy aged individuals. MR imaging Radiology 174 1990 675 679
60. T.L. Jernigan, S.L. Archibald, and M.T. Berhow Cerebral structure on MRI, Part I: localization of age-related changes Biol Psychiatry 29 1991 55 67
61. N.K. Tanna, M.I. Kohn, and D.N. Horwich Analysis of brain and cerebrospinal fluid volumes with MR imaging. Impact on PET data, correction for atrophy Radiology 178 1991 123 130
62. R.C. Gur, P.D. Mozley, and S.M. Resnick Gender differences in age effect on brain atrophy measured by magnetic resonance imaging Proc Natl Acad Sci 88 1991 2845 2849
63. C. Clark, M. Hayden, and S. Hollenberg Controlling for cerebral atrophy in positron emission tomography data J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 7 1987 510 512
64. N.L. Schlageter, B. Horwitz, and H. Creasey Relation of measured brain glucose utilization and cerebral atrophy in man J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 50 1987 779 785
65. P. Herscovitch, A.P. Auchus, and M. Gado Correction of positron emission tomography data for cerebral atrophy J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 6 1 1986 120 124
66. D. Yanase, I. Matsunari, and K. Yajima Brain FDG PET study of normal aging in Japanese: effect of atrophy correction Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 32 7 2005 794 805
67. J.O. Rinne, P. Lonnberg, and P. Marjamaki Age-dependent decline in human brain dopamine D1 and D2 response Brain Res 508 1990 349 352
68. J.O. Rinne Muscarinic and dopaminergic receptors in the aging human brain Brain Res 404 1987 162 168
69. D.G. Morgan, J.O. Marcusson, and P. Nyberg Divergent changes in D1 and D2 dopamine binding sites in human brain during aging Neurobiol Aging 8 1987 195 201
70. Y. Wang, G.L. Chan, and J.E. Holden Age-dependent decline of dopamine D1 receptors in human brain: a PET study Synapse 30 1998 56 61
71. M. Cordes, B.J. Snow, and S. Cooper Age-dependent decline of nigrostriatal dopaminergic function: a positron emission tomographic study of grandparents and their grandchildren Ann Neurol 36 1994 667 670
72. M.H. Bhatt, B.J. Snow, and W.R.W. Martin Positron emission tomography suggests that the rate of progression of idiopathic parkinsonism is slow Ann Neurol 29 1991 673 677
73. W.R.W. Martin, M.R. Palmer, and C.S. Patlak Nigrostriatal function in man studied with positron emission tomography Ann Neurol 26 1989 535 542
74. P.L. McGeer, E.G. McGeer, and J.S. Suzuki Aging and extrapyramidal function Arch Neurol 34 1977 33 35
75. W.R.G. Gibb, and A.J. Lees Anatomy, pigmentation, ventral and dorsal subpopulations of the substantia nigra, and differential cell death in Parkinson's disease J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 54 1991 388 396
76. M. Inoue, T. Suhara, and Y. Sudo Age-related reduction of extrastriatal dopamine D2 receptor measured by PET Life Sci 69 2001 1079 1084
77. V. Kaasinen, N. Kemppainen, and K. Nagren Age-related loss of extrastriatal dopamine D(2) -like receptors in women J Neurochem 81 2002 1005 1010
78. G.V. Sawle, J.G. Colebatch, and A. Shah Striatal function in normal aging: implications for Parkinson's disease Ann Neurol 28 1990 799 804
79. 18F]-DOPA uptake: absence of an aging effect J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 13 1993 881 888
80. F.J.G. Vingerhoets, B.J. Snow, and M.J. Schulzer Reproducibility of fluorine-18-6-fluorodopa positron emission tomography in normal human subjects J Nucl Med 35 1994 18 24
81. 11C] raclopride J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 13 1993 310 314
82. 18F-N- methylspiroperidol Psychiatry Res 67 1996 11 16
83. 11C] raclopride Ann NY Acad Sci 695 1993 81 85 (Pubitemid 23348242)
84. V. Kaasinen, H. Vilkman, and J. Hietala Age-related dopamine D2/D3 receptor loss in extrastriatal regions of the human brain Neurobiol Aging 21 2000 683 688
85. T. Suhara, H. Fukuda, and O. Inoue Age-related changes in human D1 dopamine receptors measured by positron emission tomography Psychopharmacology 103 1991 41 45
86. 11C] nomifensine and positron emission tomography: the effects of age and Parkinson's disease Acta Neurol Scand 77 1988 192 201
87. K. Kazumata, V. Dhawan, and T. Chaly Dopamine transporter imaging with fluorine-18-FPCIT and PET J Nucl Med 39 9 1998 1521 1530
88. M. Yamamoto, T. Suhara, and Y. Okubo Age-related decline of serotonin transporters in living human brain of healthy males Life Sci 71 2002 751 757
89. J.T. Kuikka, L. Tammela, and K.A. Bergstrom Effects of ageing on serotonin transporters in healthy females Eur J Nucl Med 28 2001 911 913
90. 11C]WAY-100635 and PET Neuropsychopharmacology 24 2001 522 530
91. C. Meltzer, W.C. Drevets, and J.C. Price Gender-specific aging effects on the serotonin 1A receptor Brain Res 895 2001 9 17
92. C. Baeken, H. D'haenen, and P. Flamen 123I-5-I-R91150, a new single-photon emission tomography ligand for 5-HT2A receptors: influence of age and gender in healthy subjects Eur J Nucl Med 25 1998 1617 1622
93. Y.I. Sheline, M.A. Mintun, and S.M. Moerlein Greater loss of 5-HT(2A) receptors in midlife than in late life Am J Psychiatry 159 2002 430 435
94. 18F]altanserin to serotonin type 2A receptors in aging: persistence of effect after partial volume correction Brain Res 813 1998 167 171
95. T. Suhara, O. Inoue, and K. Kobayashi Age-related changes in human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors measured by positron emission tomography Neurosci Lett 149 1993 225 228
96. 11C]tropanyl benzilate J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 16 1996 303 310
97. S.L. Dewey, N.D. Volkow, and J. Logan Age-related decreases in muscarinic cholinergic receptor binding in the human brain measured with positron emission tomography (PET) J Neurosci Res 27 1990 569 575
98. J.S. Fowler, N.D. Volkow, and G.J. Wang Age-related increases in brain monoamine oxidase B in living healthy human subjects Neurobiol Aging 18 1997 431 435
99. L.A. O'Tuama, P.C. Phillips, and Q.R. Smith L-Methionine uptake by human cerebral cortex. Maturation from infancy to old age J Nucl Med 32 1991 16
100. 11C]-L-methionine transport into the human brain J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 8 1988 341 345
101. 11C] aminocyclohexane-carboxylate for the measurement of amino acid uptake and distribution volume in human brain J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 10 1990 727 739
102. 18F]- Fluorophenylalanine and PET J Nucl Med 35 1995 1232 1237