Real space observation of spin frustration in Cr on a triangular lattice

Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics

Volumn 82, Issue 1, 2010, Pages

  Wasniowska M ^a,c   Schroder S ^b   Ferriani, P ^b   Heinze, S ^b  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE OF MICROSTRUCTURE PHYSICS   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KIEL   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77956531098     PISSN: 10980121     EISSN: 1550235X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.012402     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. E. Fawcett, Rev. Mod. Phys. 60, 209 (1988). 10.1103/RevModPhys.60.209
2. H. Zabel, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 11, 9303 (1999). 10.1088/0953-8984/ 11/48/301
3. S. Blügel, Phys. Rev. B 39, 1392 (1989). 10.1103/PhysRevB.39.1392
4. R. Wiesendanger, Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 247 (1990). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.65. 247
5. M. Kleiber, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4606 (2000). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.4606
6. P. Ferriani, Phys. Rev. B 72, 024452 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024452
7. B. Santos, New J. Phys. 10, 013005 (2008). 10.1088/1367-2630/10/1/013005
8. R. Robles and L. Nordström, Phys. Rev. B 74, 094403 (2006). 10.1103/PhysRevB.74.094403
9. A. Bergman, Phys. Rev. B 75, 224425 (2007). 10.1103/PhysRevB.75.224425
10. A. Antal, Phys. Rev. B 77, 174429 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.174429
11. D. Hobbs and J. Hafner, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 12, 7025 (2000). 10.1088/0953-8984/12/31/304
12. P. Kurz, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 6101 (2000). 10.1063/1.372622
13. R. Robles, Phys. Rev. B 68, 094413 (2003). 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.094413
14. T. Jamneala, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 256804 (2001). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.87. 256804
15. P. Kurz, Ph.D. thesis, RWTH Aachen, 2000.
16. D. Wortmann, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4132 (2001). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86. 4132
17. Spin interactions beyond Heisenberg exchange can lower the energy of multi- Q states such as the 3 Q state (Ref.) with respect to spin spirals. However, in our calculation the total energy of the 3 Q states is higher by about 24 meV/Cr atom than the RW-AFM state and the Néel state remains the lowest state.
18. Y. Zhang and W. Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 890 (1998). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.890
19. www.flapw.de
20. Ph. Kurz, Phys. Rev. B 69, 024415 (2004). 10.1103/PhysRevB.69.024415
21. Using the local-density approximation we find an energy difference of 55 meV/Cr atom in favor of the Néel state.
22. A. Wachowiak, J. Wiebe, M. Bode, O. Pietzsch, M. Morgenstern, and R. Wiesendanger, Science 298, 577 (2002). 10.1126/science.1075302
23. We have performed spectroscopy measurements on Cr islands and on Cr stripes grown at the step edges. The spectra are of very similar shape with peaks located at the same positions. As the fcc stacking of the substrate is continued by Cr growing at the step edges, we conclude fcc stacking also for the Cr islands. These observations are supported by our calculations, which demonstrate that hcp stacking of Cr is energetically very unfavorable by 162 meV/Cr atom.
24. A discrepancy of a factor 20 compared to the experiment for the corrugation amplitude for the nonmagnetic image is a well-known deficiency of the Tersoff-Hamann model (Ref.) for close-packed metal surfaces.
25. J. Tersoff and D. R. Hamann, Phys. Rev. B 31, 805 (1985). 10.1103/PhysRevB.31.805
26. We exclude alloy formation due to intermixing between Cr and Pd atoms as the sample was prepared at low temperature and in atomically resolved STM images with W tips a p (1 × 1) cell was always observed.
27. C. L. Gao, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 267205 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101. 267205
28. S. Heinze, Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. 75, 25 (2002). 10.1007/s003390101052
29. From our fits we find that the spin polarization does not change significantly with the voltage for small biases between -50 and +50 mV while it increases to about 0.4 by assuming a tip-sample distance of 5 Å.
30. R. Schmidt, Nano Lett. 9, 200 (2009). 10.1021/nl802770x
31. S. Krause, Science 317, 1537 (2007). 10.1126/science.1145336