Thymosin β4 induces the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α-dependent manner

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Cell Research

Volumn 1803, Issue 11, 2010, Pages 1244-1251

  Jo, Jin Ok ^a   Kim, Su Ryun ^b   Bae, Moon Kyung ^b   Kang, Yun Jeong ^a   Ock, Mee Sun ^a   Kleinman, Hynda K ^c   Cha, Hee Jae ^a  

^a Kosin University College of Medicine   (South Korea)

^b Pusan National University   (South Korea)

^c NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL AND CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

; Angiogenesis; HIF 1; Hypoxia; Protein stability; Thymosin 4; VEGF

Indexed keywords

HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1ALPHA; LUCIFERASE; MESSENGER RNA; THYMOSIN BETA4; VASCULOTROPIN;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; CANCER TISSUE; COLON CANCER; CONTROLLED STUDY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN MICROARRAY; PROTEIN STABILITY;

ANIMALS; BIOPSY; BLOTTING, WESTERN; CELL LINE, TUMOR; COLON; COLONIC NEOPLASMS; FEMALE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, NEOPLASTIC; HUMANS; HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1, ALPHA SUBUNIT; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LUCIFERASES; MALE; MICE; MICE, INBRED C57BL; MICROSCOPY, CONFOCAL; PROMOTER REGIONS, GENETIC; PROTEIN STABILITY; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, MESSENGER; THYMOSIN; TISSUE ARRAY ANALYSIS; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A;

EID: 77956455480     PISSN: 01674889     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.07.005     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Grant D.S., Rose W., Yaen C., Goldstein A.L., Martinezl J., Kleinman H.K. Thymosin beta 4 enhances endothelial cell differentiation and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis 1999, 3:125-135.
2. Malinda K.M., Goldstein A.L., Kleinman H.K. Thymosin beta 4 stimulates directional migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. FASEB J. 1997, 11:474-481.
3. Cha H.J., Jeong M.J., Kleinman H.K. Role of thymosin beta 4 in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 2003, 95:1674-1680.
4. Kobayashi T., Okada F., Fujii N., Tomita N., Ito S., Tazawa H., Aoyama T., Choi S.K., Shibata T., Fujita H., Hosokawa M. Thymosin-beta4 regulates motility and metastasis of malignant mouse fibrosarcoma cells. Am. J. Pathol. 2002, 160:869-882.
5. Wang W.S., Chen P.M., Hsiao H.L., Wang H.S., Liang W.Y., Su Y. Overexpression of the thymosin beta-4 gene is associated with increased invasion of SW480 colon carcinoma cells and the distant metastasis of human colorectal carcinoma. Oncogene 2004, 23:6666-6671.
6. Huang H.C., Hu C.H., Tang M.C., Wang W.S., Chen P.M., Su Y. Thymosin beta 4 triggers an epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal carcinoma by upregulating integrin-linked kinase. Oncogene 2007, 26:2781-2790.
7. Larsson L.J., Holck S. Localization of thymosin beta-4 in tumors. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 2007, 1112:317-325.
8. Larsson L.I., Holck S. Occurrence of thymosin beta 4 in human breast cancer cells and in other cell types of the tumor microenvironment. Hum. Pathol. 2007, 38:114-119.
9. Malinda K.M., Sidhu G.D., Mani H., Banaudha K., Maheshwari R.K., Goldstein A.L., Kleinman H.K. Thymosin beta 4 accelerates wound healing. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1999, 113:364-368.
10. Philp D., Goldstein A.L., Kleinman H.K. Thymosin beta 4 promotes angiogenesis, wound healing and hair follicle development. Mech. Ageing Dev. 2004, 125:113-115.
11. Philp D., Nguyen M., Scheremeta B., St-Surin S., Villa A.M., Orgel A., Kleinman H.K., Elkin M. Thymosin beta 4 increases hair growth by activation of hair follicle stem cells. FASEB J. 2004, 18:385-387.
12. Philp D., St-Surin S., Cha H.J., Moon H.S., Kleinman H.K., Elkin M. Thymosin beta 4 induces hair growth via stem cell migration and differentiation. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 2007, 1112:95-103.
13. Niu M., Nachmias V.T. Increased resistance to apoptosis in cells overexpressing thymosin beta four: A role for focal adhesion kinase pp 125FAK. Cell Adhes. Commun. 2007, 7:311-320.
14. Moon E.Y., Song J.H., Yang K.H. Actin-sequestering protein, thymosin-beta-4 (TB4), inhibits caspase-3 activation in paclitaxel-induced tumor cell death. Oncol. Res. 2007, 16:507-516.
15. Young J.D., Lawrence A.J., MacLean A.G., Leung B.P., McInnes I.B., Canas B., Pappin D.J.C., Stevenson R.D. Thymosin beta 4 sulfoxide is an anti-inflammatory agent generated by monocytes in the presence of glucocorticoids. Nat. Med. 1999, 5:1424-1427.
16. Sosne G., Qiu P., Christopherson P.L., Wheater M.K. Thymosin beta 4 suppression of corneal NFkappaB: a potential anti-inflammatory pathway. Exp. Eye Res. 2007, 84:663-669.
17. Dathe V., Brand-Saberi B. Expression of thymosin beta-4 during chick development. Anat. Embryol. (Berl) 2004, 208:27-32.
18. Gómez-Márquez J., Franco del Amo F., Carpintero P., Anadón R. High levels of mouse thymosin beta-4 mRNA in differentiating P19 embryonic cells and during development of cardiovascular tissues. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1996, 1306:187-193.
19. Gómez-Márquez J., Pedrares J.I., Otero A., Anadón R. Prominent expression of the actin-sequestering peptide Fx gene in the hippocampal region of rat brain. Neurosci. Lett. 1993, 152:41-44.
20. Anadón R., Rodríguez Moldes I., Carpintero P., Evangelatosc G., Livianouc E., Leondiadisc L., Quintelab I., Cerviñob M.C., Gómez-Márquezet J. Differential expression of thymosins beta(4) and beta(10) during rat cerebellum postnatal development. Brain Res. 2001, 894:255-265.
21. Akhter M., Kobayashi I., Kiyoshima T., Matsuo K., Yamaza H., Wada H., Honda J., Ming X., Sakai H. Possible functional involvement of thymosin beta 4 in developing tooth germ of mouse lower first molar. Histochem. Cell Biol. 2005, 124:207-213.
22. Smart N., Risebro C.A., Melville A.A.D., Moses K., Schwartz R.J., Chien K.R., Riley P.R. Thymosin β4 induces adult epicardial progenitor mobilization and neovascularization. Nature 2007, 445:177-182.
23. Gnecchi M., He H., Noiseux N., Liang O.D., Zhang L., Morello F., Mu H., Melo L.G., Pratt R.E., Ingwall J.S., Dzau V.J. Evidence supporting paracrine hypothesis for Akt-modified mesenchymal stem cell-mediated cardiac protection and functional improvement. FASEB J. 2006, 20:661-669.
24. Oh J.M., Ryoo I.J., Yang Y., Kim H.S., Yang K.H., Moon E.Y. Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF)-1 alpha stabilization by actin-sequestering protein, thymosin beta-4 (TB4) in HeLa cervical tumor cells. Cancer Lett. 2008, 264:29-35.
25. Shima D.T., Kuroki M., Deutsch U., Ng Y.S., Adamis A.P., D'Amore P.A. The mouse gene for vascular endothelial growth factor. Genomic structure, definition of the transcriptional unit, and characterization of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory sequences. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271:3877-3883.
26. Ema M., Taya S., Yokotani N., Sogawa K., Matsuda Y., Fujii-Kuriyama Y. A novel bHLH-PAS factor with close sequence similarity to hypoxia-inducible factor 1a regulates the VEGF expression and is potentially involved in lung and vascular development. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 1997, 94:4273-4278.
27. Grant D., Kinsella J., Kibbey M., LaFlamme S., Burbelo P., Goldstein A.L., Leinman H. Matrigel induces thymosin(β4 gene in differentiating endothelial cells. J. Cell Sci. 1995, 108:3685-3694.
28. Philp D., Huff T., Gho Y.S., Hannappel E., Kleinman H.K. The actin binding site on thymosin β4 promotes angiogenesis. FASEB J. 2003, 17:2103-2105.
29. Eric Huang L., Franklin Bunn H. Hypoxia-inducible factor and its biomedical relevance. J. Biol. Chem. 2003, 278:19575-19578.
30. Wang G.L., Jiang B.H., Rue E.A., Semenza G.L. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 is a basic-helix-loop-helix-PAS heterodimer regulated by cellular O2 tension. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 1995, 92:5510-5514.
31. Huang L.E., Arany Z., Livingston D.M., Bunn H.F. Activation of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor depends primarily upon redox-sensitive stabilization of its alpha subunit. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271:32253-32259.
32. Jewell U.R., Kvietikova I., Scheid A., Bauer C., Wenger R.H., Gassmann M. Induction of HIF-1alpha in response to hypoxia is instantaneous. FASEB J. 2001, 15:1312-1314.
33. 2-dependent degradation domain via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 1998, 95:7987-7992.
34. Kallio P.J., Wilson W.J., O'Brien S., Makino Y., Poellinger L. Regulation of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1alpha by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 1999, 274:6519-6525.