Bipolar disorder and violent crime: New evidence from population-based longitudinal studies and systematic review

Archives of General Psychiatry

Volumn 67, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 931-938

  Fazel, Seena ^a,b   Lichtenstein, Paul ^b   Grann, Martin ^b   Goodwin, Guy M ^a   Långström, Niklas ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARSON; ARTICLE; ASSAULT; BIPOLAR DISORDER; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRIME; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; FEMALE; HOMICIDE; HUMAN; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; POPULATION RESEARCH; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SEXUAL CRIME; SIBLING; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; SWEDEN; THREAT; VIOLENCE;

ADULT; BIPOLAR DISORDER; COMORBIDITY; CRIME; DIAGNOSIS, DUAL (PSYCHIATRY); DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; REGISTRIES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RISK FACTORS; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; SWEDEN; VIOLENCE;

EID: 77956354511     PISSN: 0003990X     EISSN: 15383636     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.97     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Ösby U, Brandt L, Correia N, Ekbom A, Sparén P. Excess mortality in bipolar and unipolar disorder in Sweden. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2001;58(9):844-850. (Pubitemid 32979302)
2. Darves-Bornoz JM, Lempérière T, Degiovanni A, Gaillard P. Sexual victimization in women with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1995;30(2):78-84.
3. Folsom DP, Hawthorne W, Lindamer L, Gilmer T, Bailey A, Golshan S, Garcia P, Unützer J, Hough R, Jeste DV. Prevalence and risk factors for homelessness and utilization of mental health servicesamong10,340 patients with serious mental illness in a large public mental health system. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162(2):370-376. (Pubitemid 40216219)
4. Baillargeon J, Binswanger IA, Penn JV, Williams BA, Murray OJ. Psychiatric disorders and repeat incarcerations: the revolving prison door. Am J Psychiatry. 2009;166(1):103-109.
5. Arseneault L, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Taylor PJ, Silva PA. Mental disorders and violence in a total birth cohort: results from the Dunedin Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57(10):979-986.
6. Tiihonen J, Isohanni M, Räsänen P, Koiranen M, Moring J. Specific major mental disorders and criminality: a 26-year prospective study of the 1966 northern Finland birth cohort. Am J Psychiatry. 1997;154(6):840-845.
7. Brennan PA, Mednick SA, Hodgins S. Major mental disorders and criminal violence in a Danish birth cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57(5):494-500. (Pubitemid 30257264)
8. Schanda H, Knecht G, Schreinzer D, Stompe T, Ortwein-Swoboda G, Waldhoer T. Homicide and major mental disorders: a 25-year study. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2004;110(2):98-107. (Pubitemid 38969522)
9. Eronen M, Hakola P, Tiihonen J. Mental disorders and homicidal behavior in Finland. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996;53(6):497-501. (Pubitemid 26175568)
10. Fazel S, Grann M. Psychiatric morbidity among homicide offenders: a Swedish population study. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(11):2129-2131. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000120. (Pubitemid 39441419)
11. Johnson JG, Cohen P, Smailes E, Kasen S, Oldham JM, Skodol AE, Brook JS. Adolescent personality disorders associated with violence and criminal behavior during adolescence and early adulthood. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157(9):1406-1412.
12. Fazel S, Gulati G, Linsell L, Geddes JR, Grann M. Schizophrenia and violence: systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2009;6(8):e1000120.
13. Ekholm B, Ekholm A, Adolfsson R, Vares M, Ösby U, Sedvall GC, Jönsson EG. Evaluation of diagnostic procedures in Swedish patients with schizophrenia and related psychoses. Nord J Psychiatry. 2005;59(6):457-464. (Pubitemid 41801793)
14. Fazel S, Grann M. The population impact of severe mental illness on violent crime. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163(8):1397-1403. (Pubitemid 44464411)
15. Jansson L, Sonnander K, Wiesel F-A. Clients with long-term mental disabilities in a Swedish county - conditions of life, needs of support and unmet needs of service provided by the public health and social service sectors. Eur Psychiatry. 2003;18(6):296-305. (Pubitemid 37461922)
16. Frans EM, Sandin S, Reichenberg A, Lichtenstein P, Långström N, Hultman CM. Advancing paternal age and bipolar disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008;65 (9):1034-1040.
17. Bergman B, Belfrage H, Grann M. Mentally disordered offenders in Sweden: forensic and general psychiatric diagnoses. Am J Forensic Psychiatry. 1999;20(1):27-37. (Pubitemid 29058307)
18. Fazel S, Långström N, Hjern A, Grann M, Lichtenstein P. Schizophrenia, substance abuse, and violent crime. JAMA. 2009;301(19):2016-2023.
19. Svensson AC, Lichtenstein P, Sandin S, Hultman CM. Fertility of first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia: a three generation perspective. Schizophr Res. 2007;91(1-3):238-245. (Pubitemid 46320889)
20. Statistics Sweden. The Multi-Generation Register 2004: A Description of Content and Quality [in Swedish]. Örebro: Statistics Sweden; 2005.
21. Crime statistics: Swedish statistics and international comparisons, 2010. Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention (Bra° ) Web site. http://www.bra.se/extra/pod/?action=pod-show&id=13&module-instance=11. Accessed June 16, 2010.
22. Lichtenstein P, Björk C, Hultman CM, Scolnick E, Sklar P, Sullivan PF. Recurrence risks for schizophrenia in a Swedish national cohort. Psychol Med. 2006;36(10):1417-1425. (Pubitemid 44355977)
23. Klein-Geltink JE, Rochon PA, Dyer S, Laxer M, Anderson GM. Readers should systematically assess methods used to identify, measure and analyze confounding in observational cohort studies. J Clin Epidemiol. 2007;60(8):766-772.
24. National Criminal Justice Reference Service. US Department of Justice Web site. http://www.ncjrs.gov/app/abstractdb/abstractdbsearch.aspx. Accessed March 9, 2009.
25. Arboleda-Florez J, Holley H. Mental Illness and Violence: Proof or Stereotype? Ottawa, ON: Public Health Agency of Canada; 1996.
26. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Data Archive. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICSPR). http://www.icpsr.umich. edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA. Accessed August 4, 2009.
27. Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M. Systematic reviews of observational studies. Systematic Reviews in Health Care: Meta-analysis in Context. London, England: BMJ Group; 2001.
28. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327(7414):557-560.
29. Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med. 2002;21(11):1539-1558.
30. Swanson JW, Holzer CE III, Ganju VK, Jono RT. Violence and psychiatric disorder in the community: evidence from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area surveys. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1990;41(7):761-770.
31. Monahan J. Reducing violence risk: diagnostically based clues from the MacArthur Violent Risk Assessment Study. In: Hodgins S, ed. Effective Prevention of Crime and Violence Among the Mentally Ill. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Wolters Kluwer; 2000:19-34.
32. Corrigan PW, Watson AC. Findings from the National Comorbidity Survey on the frequency of violent behavior in individuals with psychiatric disorders. Psychiatry Res. 2005;136(2-3):153-162.
33. Elbogen EB, Johnson SC. The intricate link between violence and mental disorder: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009;66(2):152-161.
34. Stueve A, Link BG. Violence and psychiatric disorders: results from an epidemiological study of young adults in Israel. Psychiatr Q. 1997;68(4):327-342. (Pubitemid 27468945)
35. Modestin J, Hug A, Ammann R. Criminal behavior in males with affective disorders. J Affect Disord. 1997;42(1):29-38. (Pubitemid 27145469)
36. Robbins PC, Monahan J, Silver E. Mental disorder, violence, and gender. Law Hum Behav. 2003;27(6):561-571.
37. Merikangas KR, Akiskal HS, Angst J, Greenberg PE, Hirschfeld RMA, Petukhova M, Kessler RC. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of bipolar spectrum disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64(5):543-552. (Pubitemid 46718287)
38. Grann M, Fazel S. Substance misuse and violent crime: Swedish population study. BMJ. 2004;328(7450):1233-1234. (Pubitemid 38686101)
39. American Psychiatric Association. Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Patients With Bipolar Disorder. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2002.
40. Hawton K, Sutton L, Haw C, Sinclair J, Harriss L. Suicide and attempted suicide in bipolar disorder: a systematic review of risk factors. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005;66(6):693-704. (Pubitemid 40942414)
41. Goodwin GM; Consensus Group of the British Association for Psychopharmacology. Evidence-based guidelines for treating bipolar disorder: revised second edition - recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol. 2009;23(4):346-388.
42. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Bipolar Disorder: The Management of Bipolar Disorder in Adults, Children and Adolescents, in Primary and Secondary Care. London, England: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. 2006.
43. Beesdo K, Höfler M, Leibenluft E, Lieb R, Bauer M, Pfennig A. Mood episodes and mood disorders: patterns of incidence and conversion in the first three decades of life. Bipolar Disord. 2009;11(6):637-649.
44. Leboyer M, Henry C, Paillere-Martinot ML, Bellivier F. Age at onset in bipolar affective disorders: a review. Bipolar Disord. 2005;7(2):111-118. (Pubitemid 40439470)
45. Johnstone E, Leary J, Frith C, Owens D. Discharges and circumstances of schizophrenic patients: a follow up study, VII: police contact. Br J Psychiatry. 1991;159(suppl 13):37-39.
46. Fazel S, Långström N, Lichtenstein P. Substance abuse and violent crime in patients with schizophrenia - reply. JAMA. 2009;302(11):1168- 1169.
47. Dolmén L. Criminality in Different Countries [in Swedish]. Stockholm, Sweden: National Council for Crime Prevention; 2001.
48. Farrington D, Langan P, Tonry M, eds. Cross-National Studies in Crime and Justice. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics, US Dept of Justice; 2004.
49. National Institute of Public Health. Alcohol Statistics 2007. Östersund, Sweden: National Institute of Public Health; 2007.
50. World Health Organization. The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 Update. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2008.
51. Wittchen H-U, Jacobi F. Size and burden of mental disorders in Europe - a critical review and appraisal of 27 studies. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005;15(4):357-376. (Pubitemid 40943541)