Law in an Era of "Smart" Technology

Law in an Era of "Smart" Technology

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 1-200

  Brenner, Susan W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Artificial intelligence; Computers; Crime; Law; Technology

Indexed keywords

EID: 77955700816     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195333480.001.0001     Document Type: Book

References (164)

1. Charles Stross, Accelerando (New York: Ace, 2005), 122.
2. Richard W. Downing, "Shoring Up the Weakest Link: What Lawmakers Around the World Need to Consider in Developing Comprehensive Laws to Combat Cybercrime," Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 43 (2005): 705, 716-717.
3. Ellen S. Podgor, "Cybercrime: National, Transnational or International," Wayne Law Review 50 (2004): 97, 101-102.
4. Lionel Bentley, "Copyright and the Victorian Internet: Telegraphic Property Laws in Colonial Australia," Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 38 (2004), 71, 176.
5. David Ronfeldt and John Arquilla, What Next for Networks and Netwar? in Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime and Militancy, ed. John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt (Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND, 2001), 311, 313; available at http://www.rand.org/publications/MR/MR1382.
6. Ray Kurzweil, The Singularity is Near (New York: Viking 2005).
7. "2005 BT Technology Timeline" (August, 2005), http://www.btplc.com/Innovation/News/timeline/TechnologyTimeline.pdf.
8. Alexandru Tugui, "Calm Technologies in a Multimedia World," Ubiquity (March 23, 2004): 5, http://www.acm.org/ubiquity/views/v5i4_tugui.html (quoting Mark Weiser).
9. Ramez Naam, More Than Human (New York: Broadway Books, 2005), 202-207.
10. Joel Garreau, Radical Evolution (New York: Doubleday, 2004), 63.
11. Ray Kurzweil, The Singularity Is Near (New York: Viking, 2005), 324-325.
12. Neil Gershenfeld, When Things Start to Think (New York: Owl Books, 2000), 11.
13. David Glen Mick and Susan Fournier, "Paradoxes of Technology: Consumer Cognizance, Emotions, and Coping Strategies," Journal of Consumer Research 25 (September 1998): 123, 124, http://gates.comm.virginia.edu/dgm9t/Papers/Mick%20and%20Fournier %201998%20Paradoxes%20of%20Technology.pdf.
14. Trevor I. Williams, A Short History of Twentieth-Century Technology (New York: Clarendon Press, 1982), 1-2.
15. James J. Fink, America Adopts the Automobile, 1895-1910 11-55 (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press 1970).
16. Jean-Pierre Bardou, et al., The Automobile Revolution: The Impact of an Industry (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1982), 3.
17. Harold Evans with Gail Buckland and David Lefer, They Made America: From the Steam Engine to the Search Engine (New York: Back Bay Books, 2004), 303-312.
18. James J. Fink, America Adopts the Automobile,1895-1920 (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1970), 100-112.
19. Lawrence M. Friedman, Crime and Punishment in American History (New York: Basic Books, 1993), 278.
20. M. Diane Barber, Fair Warning: The Deterioration Of Scienter Under Environmental Criminal Statutes, 26 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 105, 110 (1992).
21. Peter J. Martinez, et al., "Environmental Crimes," Am. Crim. L. Rev. 43 (2006), 381.
22. Margaret A. Andruchek, Comment, "Homicide by Vehicle in Pennsylvania," Dickinson Law Review 90, 833, 837-838 (1986).
23. Susan W. Brenner, "Is There Such a Thing as Virtual Crime?", 1, http://www.boalt.org/CCLR/v4/v4brenner.htm.
24. Herbert N. Casson, The History of the Telephone 42 (Chicago: A.C. McClurg, 1922), 42.
25. Susan E. McMaster, The Telecommunications Industry (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press 2002), 6-7.
26. Ronnie J. Phillips, "Digital Technology and Institutional Change from the Gilded Age to Modern Times: The Impact of the Telegraph and the Internet," Journal of Economic Issues 34 (June, 2000): 267, 276-277, http://diglib.lib.utk.edu/utj/jei/34/jei-34-2-3.pdf.
27. Central Intelligence Agency, "World" in The World Factbook: 2007, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/xx.html (2,168,433,600 mobile telephones and 1,263,367,600 main lines).
28. Claude S. Fischer, America Calling: A Social History of the Telephone to 1940 (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1994), 191.
29. Thomas A. Wikle, "Cellular Tower Proliferation in the United States," The Geographical Review 92 (2002): 45, 46
30. Susan W. Brenner, "The Privacy Privilege: Law Enforcement, Technology and the Constitution," Journal of Technology Law & Policy 7(2002); 123, 131-133.
31. Carolyn Marvin, When Old Technologies Were New (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), 208-216.
32. Ray Barfield, Listening to Radio, 1920-1950 (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1996), 3-32.
33. Douglas Gomery, "The Rise of Hollywood" (Geoffrey Nowell-Smith, ed.) in The Oxford History of World Cinema (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997), 43-53.
34. Matt Wells, "Children Who Can't Live without Constant TV," The Guardian (June 10, 2003), http://www.literacytrust.org.uk/Database/TV.html#constant.
35. Ryan P. Wallace, Adam M. Lusthaus, and Jong Hwan (Justin) Kim, "Computer Crimes," American Criminal Law Review 42 (2005): 223, 283-245.
36. Brian Winston, Media Technology and Society: A History from the Telegraph to the Internet (Routledge 1998), 321-336;
37. Barry M. Leiner, et al., "A Brief History of the Internet," http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml.
38. J.D. Lasica, Darknet: Hollywood's War against the Digital Generation (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2005), 11-12, 67-86 151-160, 243-255.
39. "Second Life," http://secondlife.com;
40. "Virtual World," Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_world.
41. Anne Broache, "Technologists Square Off on Net Neutrality," CNET News (July 17, 2006), http://news.com.com/Technologists+square+off+on+Net+neutrality/2100-1028_3-6094954.html?tag=nl.
42. Karnjana Karnjanatawe and Tony Waltham, "Digital Decade: Ten Critical Years," Bangkok Post (July 13, 2005), 2005 WLNR 10987891.
43. Anti-Phishing Working Group, http://www.antiphishing.org/.
44. Paul Mantoux, The Industrial Revolution in the Eighteenth Century: An Outline of the Beginnings of the Modern Factory System in England (New York: Macmillan, 1961), 189-190.
45. Derek J. De Solla Price, Science Since Babylon (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1961), 38-44.
46. R. J. Forbes, Man, the Maker: A History of Technology and Engineering (New York: Abelard-Schuman, 1958), 172.
47. Peter N. Stearns, The Industrial Revolution in World History, 2nd ed. (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1998), 33-56;
48. K. Derry and Trevor I. Williams, A Short History of Technology from the Earliest Times to A.D. 1900(New York: Oxford University Press, 1961), 273-310.
49. Elting E. Morison, From Know-How to Nowhere: The Development of American Technology (New York: Basic Books, 1974), 114-146;
50. John W. Oliver, History of American Technology (New York: Ronald Press, 1956), 206-220, 433-448, 346-361.
51. Ron Westrum, Technologies & Society: The Shaping of People and Things (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1990), 92-93.
52. Theodore E. Burton, Financial Crises and Periods of Industrial and Commercial Depression (New York: Appleton & Co., 1902), 15-16.
53. Robert B. Gordon and Patrick M. Malone, The Texture of Industry (Oxford 1994), 39.
54. Mark C. Christie, "Economic Regulation in the United States: The Constitutional Framework," U. Rich. L. Rev. 40 (2006): 949, 973.
55. Ehsan H. Feroz, Stephen Haag, and Raymond Raab, "An Income Efficiency Model Approach to the Economic Consequences of OSHA Cotton Dust Regulation," Australian Journal of Management 26 (2001): 26.
56. Joel Seidman, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen: The Internal Political Life of a National Union (New York: Wiley, 1962), 6-9;
57. Helen M. Gibbs and Carl E. McDowell, Ocean Transportation (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956), 213-214.
58. Kermit L. Hall, The Magic Mirror: Law in American History (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), 93.
59. Nicholas J. Healy and Joseph C. Sweeney, "Basic Principles of the Law of Collision," Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce 22 (1991): 359, 363-364.
60. Robert A. Smith, A Social History of the Bicycle (American Heritage Press, 1972), 25.
61. Petty, The Impact of the Sport of Bicycle Riding, 185, 196.
62. Smith, A Social History of The Bicycle, 183-187.
63. John W. Humphrey, John P. Oleson, and Andrew N. Sherwood, Greek and Roman Technology (London: Routledge, 1998), 581.
64. Arthur A. Ekirch, Jr., Man and Nature in America (New York: Columbia University Press, 1963), 44-45.
65. Neil Longley York, Mechanical Metamorphosis: Technological Change in Revolutionary America (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1985), 3-7, 213-223.
66. Steven E. Goldberg and Charles R. Strain, Technological Change and the Transformation of America (Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press, 1987), 24-30.
67. Trevor I. Williams, A Short History of Twentieth-Century Technology (New York: Clarendon Press, 1982), 301.
68. David A. Copeland, Debating the Issues in Colonial Newspapers: Primary Documents on Events of the Period (Wesport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2000), xii;
69. William E. Huntzicker, William David Sloan, and James D. Startt, The Popular Press, 1833-1865 (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1999), 163.
70. Alfred Burns, The Power of the Written Word: The Role of Literacy in the History of Western Civilization (New York: Peter Lang, 1989), 1-13.
71. David Riesman, The Oral and Written Traditions in Explorations in Communication: An Anthology, ed. Edmund Carpenter & Marshall McLuhan (Boston: Beacon Press, 1960), 109-111.
72. Hanna M. Cotton, Fergus Millar, and Guy M. Rogers, The Roman Republic and the Augustan Revolution (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2002), 123-124;
73. Janet Watson, Speaking Volumes: Orality and Literacy in the Greek and Roman World (Boston: Brill Leiden, 2001).
74. Riesman, The Oral and Written Traditions, 109, 111.
75. Susan W. Brenner, "Complicit Publication: When Should the Dissemination of Ideas and Data Be Criminalized?", Albany Law Journal of Science & Technology 13, (2003): 273, 287-321.
76. Tom Standage, The Victorian Internet (New York: Walker & Company, 1998), 56-91.
77. Susan W. Brenner, The Privacy Privilege: Law Enforcement, Technology and the Constitution, Journal of Technology Law & Policy 7 (2002): 123, 125.
78. Roger Burlingame, Engines of Democracy: Inventions and Society in Mature America (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1940), 137.
79. Benjamin E. Bratman, "Brandeis and Warren's 'The Right to Privacy and the Birth of the Right to Privacy,'" Tennessee Law Review 69 (2002): 623, 645.
80. M. Thomas Inge, Handbook of American Popular Culture, vol. 2 (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1989), 887-893.
81. David E. Nye, Electrifying America: Social Meanings of a New Technology (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997), 29-37.
82. Joanna I. Lewis and Emily T. Yeh, "State Power and the Logic of Reform in China's Electricity Sector," Pacific Affairs 77 (2004), 437, 439;
83. Navroz K. Dubash and James H. Williams, "Asian Electricity Reform in Historical Perspective," Pacific Affairs 77 (2004), 411, 413.
84. Richard F. Hirsch, "Revamping and Repowering," Forum for Applied Research and Public Policy 15 (2000): 12.
85. Richard Munson, "Electricity after Insull," Management Quarterly 47(2006): 6, 8.
86. "Centralized Traffic Control," Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centralized_Traffic_Control;
87. "Employee Referral Program," Amtrak, http://amtrak.teamrewards.net/TR_PublicWeb/index.jsp.
88. U.S. Department of Labor, "Power Plant Operators, Distributors, and Dispatchers," http://stats.bls.gov/oco/ocos227.htm;
89. Commonwealth of Virginia - Department of Human Resource Management, "Utility Plant Operations #79710," http://www.dhrm.virginia.gov/compensation/careergroups/trades/UtilityPlantOper79170.htm.
90. "Design Dissolving in Behavior," ICC Online (2001), http://www.ntticc.or.jp/Archive/2001/NewSchool/design.html.
91. Adam Greenfield, Everyware: The Dawning Age of Ubiquitous Computing (New York: New Riders, 2006), 66.
92. Julie Clothier, "Smart" Homes Not Far Away," CNN (May 31, 2005), http://www.cnn.com/2005/TECH/05/27/vision.home/index.html;
93. Bruce McCall, "Will We Still Drive Our Cars, or Will Our Cars Drive Us?" , Time - Visions of the 21st Century, http://www.time.com/time/reports/v21/tech/mag_cars.html.
94. "A Car That (Really) Drives Itself: The 2008 Open Vectra," Edmunds-Inside Line (August 25, 2005), http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/News/articleId=107011.
95. Alan Boyle, "Pentagon Unveils Urban Robo-Race," MSNBC (May 1, 2006), http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/12583619/.
96. Donald Norman, "Cautious Cars, Cranky Kitchens, Demanding Devices," Lecture-UC Berkeley School of Information (March 1, 2006), http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/about/events/dls03012006 (audio file of lecture).
97. "Recording Industry Starts Legal Actions against Illegal Filesharing Internationally," IFPI (March 30, 2004), http://www.ifpi.org/sitecontent/press/20040330.html.
98. Marc Perlman, "Why File-Sharing Doesn't Feel Like Stealing," Brown UniversityOp-Ed, http://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/2003-04/03-008.html;
99. Donald G. Gifford, "Public Nuisance As A Mass Products Liability Tort," University of Cincinnati Law Review, 71 (2003): 741, 744.
100. Susan W. Brenner, "Is There Such a Thing as Virtual Crime?" , 4 California Criminal Law Review 4 (2001): 1, http://www.boalt.org/CCLR/v4/v4brenner.htm.
101. Chris Oakes, "Single Gadget Weaves Phone, Internet and Media Services," International Herald Tribune (July 25, 2005), http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/07/24/business/wireless25.php.
102. Steve Gibson, "The Strange Tale of the Denial of Service Attacks Against GRC.com," http://www.grc.com/dos/grcdos.htm.
103. "Denial of Service Attack (DoS)," Symantec, http://securityresponse.symantec.com/avcenter/venc/data/dos.attack.html (denial of service software).
104. Jaikumar Vijayan, "E-Business Sites Hit with Attacks, Extortion Threats," Info World (September 24, 2004), http://www.infoworld.com/article/04/09/24/HNattax_1.html?INCIDENT%20RESPONSE;
105. Jack M. Germain, "Global Extortion: Online Gambling and Organized Hacking," Tech News World (March 23, 2004), http://www.technewsworld.com/story/33171.html.
106. Peter J. Henning, "Federalism and the Federal Prosecution of State and Local Corruption," Kentucky Law Review 92 (2003-2004), 75, 135n.229.
107. Ryan Y. Blumel, "Mail and Wire Fraud," American Criminal Law Review 42 (2005): 677, 680-681;
108. Eric J. Bakewell, Michelle Koldaro, and Jennifer M. Tjia, "Computer Crimes," American Criminal Law Review 38(2001): 481, 492.
109. William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, reprint (Boston: Beacon Press, 1962), 5.
110. Susan W. Brenner, "Toward a Criminal Law for Cyberspace: Distributed Security," Boston University Journal of Science & Technology Law 10 (2004): 1, 65-76.
111. Ron Westrum, Technologies & Society: The Shaping of People and Things (Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, 1990), 7.
112. James B. McOmber, "Technological Autonomy and Three Definitions of Technology," Journal of Communication 48 (1999): 137, 141-143.
113. Joseph C. Pitt, Thinking About Technology (New York: Seven Bridges, 2000), 1.
114. Robert E. Skinner, Jr., "Transportation in the Twenty-First Century," Public Roads 42 (September 1, 2000): 2.
115. David Ronfeldt and John Arquilla, "What Next for Networks and Netwar?" in Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime and Militancy, ed. John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt, 311, 313 (Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND, 2001); available at http://www.rand.org/publications/MR/MR1382.
116. Brenner, Toward a Criminal Law for Cyberspace, 65-76.
117. Edward O. Wilson, Sociobiology (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000), 172.
118. Terry L. Hunt, Carl P. Lipo, and Sarah L. Sterling, Posing Questions for a Scientific Archaeology (Westport, CT: Bergen and Garvey, 2001), 75.
119. Thomas Wynn, "Tools and Tool Behavior," in Companion Encyclopedia of Anthropology, ed. Tim Ingold, 133-134 (New York: Routledge, 1994).
120. James Essinger, Jacquard's Web (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004), 16.
121. Brian P. Kooyman, Understanding Stone Tools and Archaeological Sites (Alberta, Canada University of Calgary, 2000), 69-76.
122. T. K. Derry and Trevor I. Williams, A Short History of Technology from the Earliest Times to A.D. 1900 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1961), 3-44.
123. James E. McClellan III and Harold Dorn, Science and Technology in World History (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999), 17-23;
124. Michael Rice, The Archaeology of the Arabian Gulf, C. 5000-323 B.C. (New York: Routledge, 1994), 7-8.
125. Arnold Pacey, Technology in World Civilization (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001), 6-19;
126. T. K. Derry & Trevor I. Williams, A Short History of Technology from the Earliest Times to A.D. 1900 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1961), 48-62.
127. John W. Humphrey and John P. Oleson, Greek and Roman Technology (New York: Routledge, 1998), 75-380;
128. R. J. Forbes, Man, the Maker: A History of Technology and Engineering (New York: Abelard-Schuman, 1958), 19-88;
129. Georges Contenau, Everyday Life in Babylon and Assyria (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1954), 94-100.
130. John Hunter and Ian Ralston, The Archaeology of Britain: An Introduction from the Upper Palaeolithic to the Industrial Revolution (New York: Routledge, 1999), 129;
131. John McHugh and Roland De Vaux, Ancient Israel: Its Life and Institutions (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1961), 76-77.
132. Gary Beckman, et al., A History of Near Eastern Law, vol. 1 (Leiden: Brill, 2003), 624, 642;
133. "The Code of the Nesilim, c. 1650-1500 BCE," Internet Ancient History Sourcebook, http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/1650nesilim.html;
134. Morris Silver, Economic Structures of Antiquity (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1995), 6, 147;
135. Steven A. Epstein, Wage & Labor Guilds in Medieval Europe (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1991), 21-25.
136. Mercia MacDermott, A History of Bulgaria 1393-1885 (London: Allen & Unwin, 1962), 75-76;
137. John Burgess Stewart, The Guilds of Peking (New York: Columbia University Press, 1928), 191-200.
138. Richard B. Stewart, "Reconstitutive Law," Maryland Law Review 46 (1986): 86, 89.
139. Karene M. Boos and Eric J. Boos, "At the Intersection of Law and Morality," Journal of Law in Society 5 (2004): 457, 484.
140. Susan W. Brenner and Anthony C. Crescenzi, "State-Sponsored Crime: The Futility of the Economic Espionage Act," Houston Journal of International Law, 28 (2006): 389, 441.
141. "Code of Hammurabi," The Avalon Project at Yale, http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/medieval/hamframe.htm (Laws 196-206).
142. Brenner, Toward a Criminal Law for Cyberspace, 65-75.
143. Neil Gershenfeld, When Things Start to Think (New York: Henry Holt, 1999), xi.
144. Mark Weiser, http://www.ubiq.com/weiser/.
145. Adam Greenfield, Everyware: The Dawning Age of Ubiquitous Computing (New York: New Riders, 2006), xi.
146. Kevin Kelly, Out of Control: The New Biology of Machines, Social Systems and the Economic World (Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books, 1995), 172.
147. Don Norman, The Invisible Computer (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999), viii.
148. Mark Weiser and John Seely Brown, "The Coming Age of Calm Technology," Xerox PARC (October 5, 1996), http://www.ubiq.com/hypertext/weiser/acmfuture2endnote.htm.
149. Lisa Scanlon, "Rethinking the Computer," Technology Review (July/August 2004), http://www.technologyreview.com/articles/04/07/scanlon0704.3.asp.
150. Kevin Kelly, Out of Control: The New Biology of Machines, Social Systems and the Economic World (Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books, 1995), 171.
151. Kelly Greene, "Take A Glimpse Inside the Home of the Future," Real Estate Journal (May 24, 2004), http://www.realestatejournal.com/housegarden/indoorliving/20040524-greene.html.
152. "Gator Tech Smart House," University of Florida, http://www.icta.ufl.edu/gt.htm; HomeLab
153. Phillips Research, http://www.research.philips.com/technologies/misc/homelab/index.html;
154. "The Aware Home," Georgia Institute of Technology, http://www.awarehome.gatech.edu/.
155. Jan Petzold, et al., Next Location Prediction Within A Smart Office Building, 3rd International Conference on Pervasive Computing (Munich, 2005), http://webspace.ulbsibiu.ro/lucian.vintan/html/Citare_Teo_2005.pdf.
156. Kim Tae-gyu, "KT Plans to Build 60 Ubiquitous Cities by 2015," Asia Media (July 28, 2006), http://www.asiamedia.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=49984.
157. Zander, "The Invisible Internet," Tomorrow's Professor Listserv, http://sll.stanford.edu/projects/tomprof/newtomprof/postings/311.html.
158. Alexandru Tugui, "Calm Technologies in a Multimedia World," Ubiquity (March 23, 2004): 5, http://www.acm.org/ubiquity/views/v5i4_tugui.html (quoting Mark Weiser).
159. "Digital Home Technologies for Aging in Place," Intel Corporation, http://www.intel.com/research/exploratory/digital_home.htm.
160. Dave Gussow, "Home, Smart Home," St. Petersburg Times (September 12, 2005), http://www.sptimes.com/2005/09/12/Technology/Home__smart_home.shtml.
161. Steve Mann, "Hyper-Textual Ontology" (August 10, 2004), http://wearcam.org/tv04/hypertextual_ontology.htm.
162. Martina Smit, "Hear's to the New Fashion," This Is Local London (August 4, 2005), http://www.thisislocallondon.co.uk/news/topstories/display.var.619371.0.hears_to_the_new_fashion.php.
163. "Brain Chips," Soft Machines (March 1, 2007), http://www.softmachines.org/wordpress/?p=283;
164. J. Storrs Hall, Nanofuture (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2005), 258-259.