Formulation and evaluation of iontophoretic transdermal delivery of diltiazem hydrochloride

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Volumn 1, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 338-344

  Patel, N B ^a   Sonpal, R N ^b   Mohan, S ^a   Selvaraj, S ^c  

^a Saraswati institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences ^*  (India)

^b SHARDA UNIVERSITY   (India)

^c Cherraan's College of Pharmacy   (India)

Author keywords

Diltiazem hydrochloride; Ex vivo skin permeation; Iontophoresis; Polymers; Transdermal patches

Indexed keywords

CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE; DILTIAZEM; HYDROXYPROPYLMETHYLCELLULOSE; PHOSPHATE BUFFERED SALINE; PLASTICIZER; PLATINUM; POLYVINYL ALCOHOL; PROPYLENE GLYCOL; SOLVENT;

ANGINA PECTORIS; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED DRUG RELEASE; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG INDICATION; DRUG PENETRATION; DRUG SCREENING; ELECTRODE; EX VIVO STUDY; HYPERTENSION; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; IONTOPHORESIS; MALE; MOISTURE; NONHUMAN; PH; PHYSICOCHEMICAL MODEL; RAT; SKIN PERMEABILITY; TENSILE STRENGTH; THICKNESS; TRANSDERMAL PATCH; WATER VAPOR;

EID: 77955675867     PISSN: None     EISSN: 09757538     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Aquil, M., Sultana, Y. and Ali, A. Matrix type transdermal drug delivery systems of metoprolol tartrate: In vitro characterization. Acta Pharm. (2003), 53: 119-125.
2. Aquil, M., Zafar, S., Ali, A. and Ahmad, S, Transdermal drug delivery of labetolol hydrochloride: system development, in vitro; ex vivo and in vivo characterization. Curr Drug Deliv. (2005). 2(2): 125-31.
3. B.J. Blake, and Hussain, M.A. Contributions of drug solubilization, partitioning, barrier disruption and solvent permeation to the enhancement of skin permeation of various compounds with fatty acids and amines. Pharm. Res. (1990), 7: 712-718.
4. Barry, B.W. Mode of action of penetration enhancers in human skin J. Control. Release. (1987), 6: 85-97.
5. Chesnoy S, Durand D, Doucet J, Couarraze G Structural parameters involved in the permeation of propranolol HCl by iontophoresis and enhancers. J Control Release.1999 Mar 29; 8(2):163-175.
6. Cho, Y.J. and Choi, H.K. Enhancement of percutaneous absorption of ketoprofen: effect of vehicles and adhesive matrix. Int. J. Pharm. (2000),169: (2000), (1998),95-104.
7. Ekapol Limpongsa, Kraisri Umpruyn. "Preparation and Evaluation of Diltiazem Hydrochloride Diffusion-Controlled Transdermal Delivery System." AAPS pharm sci tech. 2008; 9.
8. Elizabeth Varghese, R.K. Khar. "Enhanced Skin Permeation of Diclofenac By Iontophoresis: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies." J. Con. Rel. 1996; 38:21-27.
9. Ganga S, Ramarao P, Singh J. Effect of azone on the iontophoretic transdermal delivery of metoprolol tartrate through human epidermis in vitro. J Control Release.1996 Oct; 42(1):57-64.
10. GS. Sanap, GY Dama, AS Hande, SP. Karpe, SV Nalawade etal. "Preparation of Transdermal Monolithic Systems of Indapamide By Solvent Casting Method And The Use Of Vegetable Oils As Permeation Enhancer. "Int.J. Green.Pharm. 2008; 2:129-133
11. Kanikkannan N, Singh J, Ramarao P. Transdermal iontophoretic delivery of timolol maleate in albino rabbits. Int J Pharm.2000 Mar 20; 197(1-2):69-76.
12. Kim, J., Cho, Y.J. and Choi, H. Effect of vehicles and pressure sensitive adhesives on the permeation of tacrine across hairless mouse skin. Int. J. Pharm. (2000), 196: 105-113.
13. Kim, Y.H., Ghanem A.H., Mahmoud, H. and Higuchi, W.I. Short chain alkanols as transport enhancers for lipophilic and polar/ionic permeants in hairless mouse skin: Mechanism(s) of action. Int. J. Pharm. (1992), 80: 17-31.
14. Krishna, R. and Pandit, J.K. Transdermal delivery of propranolol. Drug Dev.Ind. Pharm. (1994), 20: 2459-2465.
15. Kurihara-Bergstrom, T., Knutson, K., Denoble, L.J. and Goates, C.Y. Percutaneous absorption enhancement of an ionic molecule by ethanol-water systems in human skin. Pharm. Res. (1990), 7: 762-766.
16. Manvi, F.V., Dandagi, P.M., Gada, A. P., Mastiholimath, V.S. and Jagadeesh, T. Formulation of a transdermal drug delivery system of ketotifen fumarate. Indian J. Pharm. Sci, (2003). 65(3): 239-243.
17. Mollgaard, B. and Hoelgaard, A. Permeation of estradiol through the skin-effect of vehicles. Acta Pharm. Suec. (1983), 20: 443-450.
18. Panchangula, R., Salve, P.S., Thomas, N.S., Jain, A.K. and Ramarao, P. Transdermal delivery of naloxone: effect of water, propylene glycol, ethanol and their binary combinations on permeation through rat skin. Int. J. Pharm. (2001). 219: 95-105.
19. Ramesh, G., Vamshi Vishnu, Y., Kishan, V and Madhusudan Rao, Y. Development of nitrendipine transdermal patches: in vitro and ex vivo characterization. Current Drug Del. (2007), 4: 69-76.
20. Robinson, J. R and Lee, H.L. Controlled Drug Delivery Fundamentals and Applications 2nd edi, Marcel Dekker, New York. (1987), pp. 524-552.
21. Rowe, E.S. Lipid chain length and temperature dependence of ethanolphosphatidylcholines. Biochem. Biophys. Acta. (1985), 813321-330.
22. Shin, S. and Lee, H. Enhanced transdermal delivery of triprolidine from the ethylene-vinyl acetate matrix. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm.(2002),54: 161-164.
23. Singh, J., Tripathi, K.P. and Sakia, T.R. Effect of penetration enhancers on the in vitro transport of ephedrine through rat skin and human epidermis from matrix based transdermal formulations. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. (1993), 19: 1623-1628.
24. Sivakumar A. Shivaraj, R. Panner Selvam, T. Tamiz Mani, T. Design and evaluation of transdermal drug delivery of ketotifen fumarate. Int J Pharm Biomed Res. 2010, 1(2), 42-47.
25. Valenta, C. and Almasi-Szabo, In vitro diffusion studies of ketoprofen transdermal therapeutic system. Drug Dev.Ind. Pharm. (1995), 21: 1799-1805.
26. Vikram Kotwal, Kiran Bhise, Rahul Thumbe. "Enhancement of Iontophoretic Transport of Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride Thermosensitive Gel By Optimization of pH, Polymer Concentration, Electrode Design, And Pulse Rate" AAPS pharm sci tech. 2007; 8(4).
27. Williams AC, Barry BW. Skin absorption enhancers. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst.1992; 9(3-4):305-353.
28. Williams AC, Barry BW. Terpenes and the lipidprotein partitioning theory of skin penetration enhancement. Pharm Res. 1991 Jan; 8(1):17-24.
29. Y Kasum devi, S. Saisivam, GR Maria. "Design And Evaluation Of Matrix Controlled Transdermal Patch Of Verapamil Hcl." Drug. Dev. Ind. Pharm. 2003; 29:503.
30. Yadav KS, Sathish CS, Shivkumar HG. Preparation and evaluation of chitosan -Poly (Acrylic acid) Hydrogels as stomach specific delivery for amoxicillin and metronidazole. Indian J Pharm Sci.2007 69(1):91-95.
31. Yiping Wang, Rashmi Thakur, Qiuxi Fan, Bozena Michniak. Transdermal iontophoresis: Combination strategies to improve transdermal iontophoretic drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2005 Jul; 60(2):179-191.