Prevention of myopia onset with 0.025% atropine in premyopic children

Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 341-345

  Fang, Po Chiung ^a   Chung, Mei Yung ^a   Yu, Hun Ju ^a   Wu, Pei Chang ^a  

^a CHANG GUNG UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATROPINE; EYE DROPS;

AMBLYOPIA; ARTICLE; BEDTIME DOSAGE; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; MYOPIA; PHOTOPHOBIA; PREMYOPIA; PRESCHOOL CHILD; REFRACTION INDEX; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SCHOOL CHILD;

ATROPINE; CHILD; COHORT STUDIES; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MYDRIATICS; MYOPIA; OPHTHALMIC SOLUTIONS; PHOTOPHOBIA; REFRACTION, OCULAR; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 77955578405     PISSN: 10807683     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/jop.2009.0135     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Lin, L.L., Shih, Y.F., Hsiao, C.K., Chen, C.J., Lee, L.A., and Hung, P.T. Epidemiologic study of the prevalence and severity of myopia among schoolchildren in Taiwan in 2000. J. Formos. Med. Assoc. 100:684-691, 2001.
2. Saw, S.M., Carkeet, A., Chia, K.S., Stone, R.A., and Tan, D.T. Component dependent risk factors for ocular parameters in Singapore Chinese children. Ophthalmology 109:2065-2071,2002.
3. Shih, Y.F., Chen, C.H., Chou, A.C., Ho, T.C., Lin, L.L., and Hung, P.T. Effects of different concentrations of atropine on controlling myopia in myopic children. J. Ocul. Pharmacol. Ther. 15:85-90, 1999.
4. Tan, D.T., Lam, D.S., Chua, W.H., Shu-Ping, D.F., and Crockett, R.S. One-year multicenter, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel safety and efficacy study of 2% pirenzepine ophthalmic gel in children with myopia. Ophthalmology 112:84-91, 2005.
5. Gwiazda, J., Hyman, L., Dong, L.M., Everett, D., Norton, T., Kurtz, D., Manny, R., Marsh-Tootle, W., and Scheiman, M. Factors associated with high myopia after 7 years of follow-up in the Correction of Myopia Evaluation Trial (COMET) Cohort. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 14:230-237, 2007.
6. Teasdale, T.W., and Goldschmidt, E. Myopia and its relationship to education, intelligence and height. Preliminary results from an on-going study of Danish draftees. Acta Ophthalmol. Suppl. 185:41-43, 1988.
7. Fredrick, D.R. Myopia. BMJ 324:1195-1199, 2002.
8. Fledelius, H.C. Myopia prevalence in Scandinavia. A survey, with emphasis on factors of relevance for epidemiological refraction studies in general. Acta Ophthalmol. Suppl. 185:4450, 1988.
9. Liang, C.L., Yen, E., Su, J.Y., Liu, C., Chang, T.Y., Park, N., Wu, M.J., Lee, S., Flynn, J.T., and Juo, S.H. Impact of family history of high myopia on level and onset of myopia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 45:3446-3452, 2004.
10. Hsu, W.M., Cheng, C.Y., Liu, J.H., Tsai, S.Y., and Chou, P. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment in an elderly Chinese population in Taiwan: the Shihpai Eye Study. Ophthalmology 111:62-69, 2004.
11. Iwase, A., Araie, M., Tomidokoro, A., Yamamoto, T., Shi-mizu, H., and Kitazawa, Y. Prevalence and causes of low vision and blindness in a Japanese adult population: the Tajimi Study. Ophthalmology 113:1354-1362, 2006.
12. Xu, L., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Cui, T., Li, J., and Jonas, J.B. Causes of blindness and visual impairment in urban and rural areas in Beijing: the Beijing Eye Study. Ophthalmology 113:1134.e1-11,2006.
13. Saw, S.M., Gazzard, G., Au Eong, K G., and Tan, D.T. Myopia: attempts to arrest progression. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 86:1306-1311, 2002.
14. Saw, S.M., Shih-Yen, E.C., Koh, A., and Tan, D. Interventions to retard myopia progression in children: an evidence-based update. Ophthalmology 109:415-421; discussion 422-414; quiz 425-426, 443, 2002.
15. Dirani, M., Tong, L., Gazzard, G., Zhang, X., Chia, A., Young, T.L., Rose, K.A., Mitchell, P., and Saw, S.M. Outdoor activity and myopia in Singapore teenage children. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 93:997-1000, 2009.
16. Guggenheim, J.A., Pong-Wong, R., Haley, C.S., Gazzard, G., and Saw, S.M. Correlations in refractive errors between siblings in the Singapore Cohort Study of Risk factors for Myopia. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 91:781-784, 2007.
17. Jones, L.A., Sinnott, L.T., Mutti, D.O., Mitchell, G.L., Moeschberger, M.L., and Zadnik, K. Parental history of myopia, sports and outdoor activities, and future myopia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 48:3524-3532, 2007.
18. Mutti, D.O., Mitchell, G.L., Moeschberger, M.L., Jones, L.A., and Zadnik, K. Parental myopia, near work, school achievement, and children's refractive error. Invest. Oph-thalmol. Vis. Sci. 43:3633-3640, 2002.
19. Rose, K.A., Morgan, I.G., Ip, J., Kifley, A., Huynh, S., Smith, W., and Mitchell, P. Outdoor activity reduces the prevalence of myopia in children. Ophthalmology 115:1279-1285, 2008.
20. Saw, S.M., Chua, W.H., Hong, C.Y., Wu, H.M., Chan, W.Y., Chia, K.S., Stone, R.A., and Tan, D. Nearwork in early-onset myopia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 43:332-339, 2002.
21. Zadnik, K., Mutti, D.O., Friedman, N.E., Qualley, P.A., Jones, L.A., Qui, P., Kim, H.S., Hsu, J.C., and Moeschberger, M.L. Ocular predictors of the onset of juvenile myopia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 40:1936-1943, 1999.
22. Hirsch, M.J. Predictability of refraction at age 14 on the basis of testing at age 6-interim report from the Ojai Longitudinal Study of Refraction. Am. J. Optom. Arch. Am. Acad. Optom. 41:567-573, 1964.
23. Saw, S.M., Tong, L., Chua, W.H., Chia, K.S., Koh, D., Tan, D.T., and Katz, J. Incidence and progression of myopia in Singaporean school children. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 46:51-57, 2005.
24. Williams, S.M., Sanderson, G.F., Share, D.L., and Silva, P.A. Refractive error, IQ and reading ability: a longitudinal study from age seven to 11. Dev. Med. Child. Neurol. 30:735-742,1988.
25. Kennedy, R.H., Dyer, J.A., Kennedy, M.A., Parulkar, S., Kurland, L.T., Herman, D.C., McIntire, D., Jacobs, D., and Luepker, R.V. Reducing the progression of myopia with atropine: a long term cohort study of Olmsted County students. Binocul. Vis. Strabismus Q 15:281-304, 2000.
26. Lee, J.J., Fang, P.C., Yang, I.H., Chen, C.H., Lin, P.W., Lin, S.A., Kuo, H.K., and Wu, P.C. Prevention of myopia progression with 0.05% atropine solution. J. Ocul. Pharmacol. Ther. 22:41-46, 2006.
27. Shih, Y.F., Hsiao, C.K., Chen, C.J., Chang, C.W., Hung, P.T., and Lin, L.L. An intervention trial on efficacy of atropine and multi-focal glasses in controlling myopic progression. Acta Ophthalmol. Scand. 79:233-236, 2001.
28. Yen, M.Y., Liu, J.H., Kao, S.C., and Shiao, C.H. Comparison of the effect of atropine and cyclopentolate on myopia. Ann Ophthalmol. 21:180-182, 187, 1989.
29. Curtin, B.J. The etiology of myopia. In Curtain, B.J., ed.: The Myopias: Basic Science and Clinical Management. New York: Harper and Row; 1985; pp. 61-152.
30. Saw, S.M., Zhang, M.Z., Hong, R.Z., Fu, Z.F., Pang, M.H., and Tan, D.T. Near-work activity, night-lights, and myopia in the Singapore-China study. Arch. Ophthalmol. 120:620-627, 2002.
31. Hepsen, I.F., Evereklioglu, C., and Bayramlar, H. The effect of reading and near-work on the development of myopia in emmetropic boys: a prospective, controlled, three-year follow-up study. Vision Res. 41:2511-2520, 2001.
32. Tan, G.J., Ng, Y.P., Lim, Y.C., Ong, P.Y., Snodgrass, A., and Saw, S.M. Cross-sectional study of near-work and myopia in kindergarten children in Singapore. Ann. Acad. Med. Singapore 29:740-744, 2000.
33. Kinge, B., Midelfart, A., Jacobsen, G., and Rystad, J. The influence of near-work on development of myopia among university students. A three-year longitudinal study among engineering students in Norway. Acta Ophthalmol. Scand. 78:26-29, 2000.
34. Hung, L.F., Wallman, J., and Smith, E.L., 3rd. Vision-dependent changes in the choroidal thickness of macaque monkeys. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 41:1259-1269, 2000.
35. Rosenfield, M. Accommodation and myopia, In: Rosenfield, M. and Gilmartin B., eds. Myopia and Nearwork. Oxford, United Kingdom: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1998;91-116.
36. van Alphen, G.W. Choroidal stress and emmetropization. Vision Res. 26:723-734, 1986.
37. McBrien, N.A., Moghaddam, H.O., and Reeder, A.P. Atro-pine reduces experimental myopia and eye enlargement via a nonaccommodative mechanism. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 34:205-215, 1993.
38. Chua, W.H., Balakrishnan, V., Chan, Y.H., Tong, L., Ling, Y., Quah, B.L., and Tan, D. Atropine for the treatment of childhood myopia. Ophthalmology 113:2285-2291, 2006.
39. Tong, L., Huang, X.L., Koh, A.L., Zhang, X., Tan, D.T., and Chua, W.H. Atropine for the treatment of childhood myopia: effect on myopia progression after cessation of atropine. Ophthalmology 116:572-579, 2009.