메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 15, 2010, Pages 7467-7487

Long term measurements of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, nitric acid and ozone in Africa using passive samplers

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMMONIA; ANNUAL VARIATION; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CARBON EMISSION; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); FOREST ECOSYSTEM; NITRIC ACID; NITROGEN DIOXIDE; OZONE; SAVANNA; SEASONAL VARIATION; SULFUR DIOXIDE;

EID: 77955507325     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-7467-2010     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (87)

References (100)
  • 4
    • 0030616167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulfur dioxide emissions and sectorial contributions to sulfur deposition in Asia
    • Arndt, R., Carmichael, G. R., Streets, D. G., and Bhatti, N.: Sulfur dioxide emissions and sectorial contributions to sulfur deposition in Asia, Atmos. Environ., 31, 1553-1572, 1997.
    • (1997) Atmos. Environ. , vol.31 , pp. 1553-1572
    • Arndt, R.1    Carmichael, G.R.2    Streets, D.G.3    Bhatti, N.4
  • 6
    • 0025585552 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of reactive nitrogen oxides (NOy) within and above a tropical forest canopy in the wet season
    • Bakwin, P. S., Wofsy, S. C., and Fan, S.-M.: Measurements of reactive nitrogen oxides (NOy) within and above a tropical forest canopy in the wet season, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 16765-16772, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , pp. 16765-16772
    • Bakwin, P.S.1    Wofsy, S.C.2    Fan, S.-M.3
  • 7
    • 33750429968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the water balance in the sahel: Impact of small scale rainfall variability on runoff, Part1: Rainfall variability analysis
    • Balme, M., Vischel, T., Lebel, T., Peugoet, C., and Galle, S.: Assessing the water balance in the sahel: Impact of small scale rainfall variability on runoff, Part1: Rainfall variability analysis, J. Hydrol., 331(1-2), 336-348, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Hydrol. , vol.331 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 336-348
    • Balme, M.1    Vischel, T.2    Lebel, T.3    Peugoet, C.4    Galle, S.5
  • 8
    • 0020752619 scopus 로고
    • A GC method for the determination of sulphur dioxide in food headspaces
    • Barnett, D. and Davis, E. G.: A GC method for the determination of sulphur dioxide in food headspaces, J. Chrom. Sci., 21, 205-208, 1983.
    • (1983) J. Chrom. Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 205-208
    • Barnett, D.1    Davis, E.G.2
  • 11
    • 0036626611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 volatilization loss from synthetic fertilizers and animal manure applied to arable lands and grasslands
    • doi:10.1029/2000GB001389
    • 3 volatilization loss from synthetic fertilizers and animal manure applied to arable lands and grasslands, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 16(2), 1024, doi:10.1029/2000GB001389, 2002a.
    • (2002) Global Biogeochem. Cy. , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 1024
    • Bouwman, A.F.1    Boumans, L.J.M.2    Batjes, N.H.3
  • 12
    • 77955494860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Springer edition, Reprinted from Water Air Soil Pollut.: Focus VIII Hardcover, ISBN: 978-1-4020-5884-4
    • Brimblecombe, P., Hara, H., Houle, D., and Novak, M.: Acid Rain-Deposition to Recovery, Springer edition, Reprinted from Water Air Soil Pollut.: Focus, 7(1-3), VIII, 420 pp., Hardcover, ISBN: 978-1-4020-5884-4, 2007.
    • (2007) Acid Rain-Deposition to Recovery , vol.7 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 420
    • Brimblecombe, P.1    Hara, H.2    Houle, D.3    Novak, M.4
  • 13
    • 0001411756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emissions from the combustion of biofuels in western Africa
    • edited by: Levine, J. S., MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass
    • Brocard, D., Galy-Lacaux, C., Lacaux, J. P., Kouadio, G., and Yoboué, V.: Emissions from the combustion of biofuels in western Africa, in: Global Biomass burning, edited by: Levine, J. S., MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass, 350-360, 1996.
    • (1996) Global Biomass Burning , pp. 350-360
    • Brocard, D.1    Galy-Lacaux, C.2    Lacaux, J.P.3    Kouadio, G.4    Yoboué, V.5
  • 17
    • 0029669474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation of aerosol composition at Cheju Island, Korea
    • Carmichael, G. R., Zhang, Y., Chen, L. L., Hong, M. S., and Ueda, H.: Seasonal variation of aerosol composition at Cheju Island, Korea, Atmos. Environ., 30, 2407-2416, 1996.
    • (1996) Atmos. Environ. , vol.30 , pp. 2407-2416
    • Carmichael, G.R.1    Zhang, Y.2    Chen, L.L.3    Hong, M.S.4    Ueda, H.5
  • 19
    • 0030435817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonality of vegetation fires in Africa from remote sensing data and application to a global chemistry model
    • Cooke, W. F., Koffi, B., and Grégoire, J.-M.: Seasonality of vegetation fires in Africa from remote sensing data and application to a global chemistry model, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 21051-21065, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 21051-21065
    • Cooke, W.F.1    Koffi, B.2    Grégoire, J.-M.3
  • 20
    • 0023500620 scopus 로고
    • Survey of ozone concentrations in an equatorial region during the rainy season
    • Cros, B., Delmas, R., Clairac, B., Loemba-Ndembi, J., and Fontan, J.: Survey of ozone concentrations in an equatorial region during the rainy season, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 9772-9778, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.92 , pp. 9772-9778
    • Cros, B.1    Delmas, R.2    Clairac, B.3    Loemba-Ndembi, J.4    Fontan, J.5
  • 21
    • 0034451040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources and sinks of ozone in savanna and forest areas during EXPRESSO: Airborne turbulent flux measurements
    • Cros, B., Delon, C., Affre, C., Marion, T., Druilhet, A., Perros, P. E., and Lopez, A.: Sources and sinks of ozone in savanna and forest areas during EXPRESSO: Airborne turbulent flux measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 29347-29358, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , pp. 29347-29358
    • Cros, B.1    Delon, C.2    Affre, C.3    Marion, T.4    Druilhet, A.5    Perros, P.E.6    Lopez, A.7
  • 24
    • 0027020117 scopus 로고
    • Pulses of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide flux following wetting of dry soil: An assessment of probable sources and importance relative to annual fluxes
    • Davidson, E. A.: Pulses of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide flux following wetting of dry soil: An assessment of probable sources and importance relative to annual fluxes, Ecol. Bull., 42, 149-155, 1992.
    • (1992) Ecol. Bull. , vol.42 , pp. 149-155
    • Davidson, E.A.1
  • 25
    • 0141503871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface ozone measurements at tropical rural coastal station Tranquebar, India
    • Debaje, S. B., Jeyakumar, S. J., Ganesan, K., Jadhav, D. B., and Seetaramayya, P.: Surface ozone measurements at tropical rural coastal station Tranquebar, India, Atmos. Environ., 37, 4911-4916, 2003.
    • (2003) Atmos. Environ. , vol.37 , pp. 4911-4916
    • Debaje, S.B.1    Jeyakumar, S.J.2    Ganesan, K.3    Jadhav, D.B.4    Seetaramayya, P.5
  • 26
    • 0028971026 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen compound emission from biomass burning in tropical African savanna FOS/DECAFE 91 Experiment (Lamto Cote d'Ivoire)
    • Delmas, R. A., Lacaux, J. P., Menaut, J. C., Abbadie, L., Le Roux, X., Helas, G., and Lobert, G.: Nitrogen compound emission from biomass burning in tropical African savanna, FOS/DECAFE 91 Experiment (Lamto, Cote d'Ivoire), J. Atmos. Chem., 22, 175-194, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.22 , pp. 175-194
    • Delmas, R.A.1    Lacaux, J.P.2    Menaut, J.C.3    Abbadie, L.4    Le Roux, X.5    Helas, G.6    Lobert, G.7
  • 31
    • 77955499206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EU: Council Directive 1999/30/EC relating to limit values for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter and lead in ambient air
    • EU: Council Directive 1999/30/EC relating to limit values for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen, particulate matter and lead in ambient air, Official Journal of European communities L163/41, 1999.
    • (1999) Official Journal of European Communities L163/41
  • 32
    • 0030616425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 at rural and remote sites in Asia
    • 3 at rural and remote sites in Asia, J. Atmos. Chem., 27, 17-29, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.27 , pp. 17-29
    • Ferm, M.1    Rodhe, H.2
  • 34
    • 26444522261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric acid measurements in connection with corrosion studies
    • Ferm, M., De Santis, F., and Varotsos, C.: Nitric acid measurements in connection with corrosion studies, Atmos. Environ., 39, 6664-6672, 2005.
    • (2005) Atmos. Environ. , vol.39 , pp. 6664-6672
    • Ferm, M.1    De Santis, F.2    Varotsos, C.3
  • 36
    • 0003501265 scopus 로고
    • Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Box 47086, 40258 Gotebory, Sweden
    • Ferm, M.: A sensitive Diffusional Sampler. IVL publication B-1020, Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Box 47086, 40258 Gotebory, Sweden, 1-12, 1991.
    • (1991) A Sensitive Diffusional Sampler. IVL Publication B-1020 , pp. 1-12
    • Ferm, M.1
  • 39
    • 0031659189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precipitation chemistry in the Sahelian Savanna of Niger, Africa
    • Galy-Lacaux, C. and Modi, A. I.: Precipitation chemistry in the Sahelian Savanna of Niger, Africa, J. Atmos. Chem., 30, 319-334, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.30 , pp. 319-334
    • Galy-Lacaux, C.1    Modi, A.I.2
  • 40
    • 0034914178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogenous processes involving nitrogenous compounds and Saharan dust inferred from measurements and model calculations Region
    • Galy-Lacaux, C., Carmichael, G. R., Song, C. H., Lacaux, J. P., and Modi, I.: Heterogenous processes involving nitrogenous compounds and Saharan dust inferred from measurements and model calculations Region, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 12559-12578, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 , pp. 12559-12578
    • Galy-Lacaux, C.1    Carmichael, G.R.2    Song, C.H.3    Lacaux, J.P.4    Modi, I.5
  • 41
    • 75449089842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long term precipitation chemistry and wet deposition in a remote dry savanna site in Africa (Niger)
    • doi:10.5194/acp-9-1579-2009
    • Galy-Lacaux, C., Laouali, D., Descroix, L., Gobron, N., and Li-ousse, C.: Long term precipitation chemistry and wet deposition in a remote dry savanna site in Africa (Niger), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 1579-1595, doi:10.5194/acp-9- 1579-2009, 2009.
    • (2009) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.9 , pp. 1579-1595
    • Galy-Lacaux, C.1    Laouali, D.2    Descroix, L.3    Gobron, N.4    Li-Ousse, C.5
  • 42
    • 0017490949 scopus 로고
    • The dry deposition of sulphur dioxide to land and water surfaces
    • Garland, J. A.: The dry deposition of sulphur dioxide to land and water surfaces, Proceedings Royal Society London, A 354, 245-268, 1977.
    • (1977) Proceedings Royal Society London A , vol.354 , pp. 245-268
    • Garland, J.A.1
  • 43
    • 0000782068 scopus 로고
    • Contact forêt-savane en Côte d'Ivoire centrale: évolution de la surface forestière de la réserve de Lamto (sud de V-Baoulé)
    • Gautier, L.: Contact forêt-savane en Côte d'Ivoire centrale: évolution de la surface forestière de la réserve de Lamto (sud de V-Baoulé), Candoella, 45, 627-641, 1990.
    • (1990) Candoella , vol.45 , pp. 627-641
    • Gautier, L.1
  • 47
    • 0028570938 scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal distribution of tropical biomass burning
    • Hao, W. M. and Liu, M.-H.: Spatial and temporal distribution of tropical biomass burning, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 8, 495-503, 1994.
    • (1994) Global Biogeochem. Cy. , vol.8 , pp. 495-503
    • Hao, W.M.1    Liu, M.-H.2
  • 49
    • 0007809808 scopus 로고
    • Budgets of reactive nitrogen, hydrocarbons, and ozone over the Amazon-Forest during the wet season
    • Jacob, D. J. and Wofsy, S. C.: Budgets of reactive nitrogen, hydrocarbons, and ozone over the Amazon-Forest during the wet season, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 16737-16754, 1990.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , pp. 16737-16754
    • Jacob, D.J.1    Wofsy, S.C.2
  • 52
    • 24044510829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • x sources using satellite observations: Relative roles of fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning and soil emissions
    • DOI 10.1039/b502128f
    • x sources using satellite observations: Relative roles of fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning and soil emissions, Faraday Discuss., 130, 407-423 doi:10.1039/b502128f, 2005. (Pubitemid 41223697)
    • (2005) Faraday Discussions , vol.130 , pp. 407-423
    • Jaegle, L.1    Steinberger, L.2    Martin, R.V.3    Chance, K.4
  • 53
    • 0024223677 scopus 로고
    • Emissions of NO from savannah soils during rainy season
    • Johansson, C. and Sanhueza, E.: Emissions of NO from savannah soils during rainy season, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 14193-14198, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.93 , pp. 14193-14198
    • Johansson, C.1    Sanhueza, E.2
  • 59
    • 26244434771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement and modelling of NO fluxes over maize and wheat crops during their growing seasons: Effect of crop management
    • Laville, P., Hénault, C., Gabrielle, B., and Serça, D.: Measurement and modelling of NO fluxes over maize and wheat crops during their growing seasons: effect of crop management, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. 72, 159-171, 2005.
    • (2005) Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. , vol.72 , pp. 159-171
    • Laville, P.1    Hénault, C.2    Gabrielle, B.3    Serça, D.4
  • 62
    • 0025198611 scopus 로고
    • Importance of biomass burning in the atmospheric budgets of nitrogen containing gases
    • Lobert, J. M., Scharffe, D. H., Hao, W. M., and Crutzen, P. J.: Importance of biomass burning in the atmospheric budgets of nitrogen containing gases, Nature, 346, 552-1524, 1990.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.346 , pp. 552-1524
    • Lobert, J.M.1    Scharffe, D.H.2    Hao, W.M.3    Crutzen, P.J.4
  • 63
    • 0035034912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil-air exchange of nitric oxide: An overview of processes, environmental factors, and modelling studies
    • Ludwig, J., Meixner, F. X., Vogel, B., and Forstner, J.: Soil-air exchange of nitric oxide: An overview of processes, environmental factors, and modelling studies, Biogeochemistry, 52, 225-257, 2001.
    • (2001) Biogeochemistry , vol.52 , pp. 225-257
    • Ludwig, J.1    Meixner, F.X.2    Vogel, B.3    Forstner, J.4
  • 65
    • 37349071443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term measurements of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, nitric acid and ozone in southern Africa using passive samplers
    • Martins, J. J., Dhammapala, R. S., Lachmann, G., Galy-Lacaux, C., and Pienaar, J. J.: Long-term measurements of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, nitric acid and ozone in southern Africa using passive samplers, S. Afr. J. Sci., 103(7-8), 336-342, 2007.
    • (2007) S. Afr. J. Sci. , vol.103 , Issue.7-8 , pp. 336-342
    • Martins, J.J.1    Dhammapala, R.S.2    Lachmann, G.3    Galy-Lacaux, C.4    Pienaar, J.J.5
  • 66
    • 0035703399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protecting agricultural crops from the effects of tropospheric ozone exposure: Reconciling science and standard setting in the United States, Europe, and Asia
    • Mauzerall, D. L. and Wang, X. P.: Protecting agricultural crops from the effects of tropospheric ozone exposure: Reconciling science and standard setting in the United States, Europe, and Asia, Ann. Rev. Energy Environ., 26, 237-268, 2001.
    • (2001) Ann. Rev. Energy Environ. , vol.26 , pp. 237-268
    • Mauzerall, D.L.1    Wang, X.P.2
  • 67
    • 46949088306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controls over nitric oxide and ammonia emissions from Mojave Desert soils
    • McCalley, C. K. and Sparks, J. P.: Controls over nitric oxide and ammonia emissions from Mojave Desert soils, Oecologia, 156, 871-881, 2008.
    • (2008) Oecologia , vol.156 , pp. 871-881
    • McCalley, C.K.1    Sparks, J.P.2
  • 70
    • 33745238405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precipitation chemistry and wet deposition in kruger national park, South Africa
    • Mphepya, J. N., Galy-Lacaux, C., Lacaux, J. P., Held, G., and Pien-aar, J. J.: Precipitation Chemistry and Wet Deposition in Kruger National Park, South Africa, J. Atmos. Chem., 53, 169-183, 2006.
    • (2006) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.53 , pp. 169-183
    • Mphepya, J.N.1    Galy-Lacaux, C.2    Lacaux, J.P.3    Held, G.4    Pien-Aar, J.J.5
  • 71
    • 1042292664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precipitation Chemistry in Semi-Arid Areas of Southern Africa: A Case Study of a Rural and an industrial Site
    • Mphepya, J. N., Pienaar, J. J., Galy-Lacaux, C., Held, G., and Turner, C. R.: Precipitation Chemistry in Semi-Arid Areas of Southern Africa: A Case Study of a Rural and an industrial Site, J. Atmos. Chem., 47, 1-24, 2004.
    • (2004) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.47 , pp. 1-24
    • Mphepya, J.N.1    Pienaar, J.J.2    Galy-Lacaux, C.3    Held, G.4    Turner, C.R.5
  • 72
    • 0004540154 scopus 로고
    • Chimie des aérosols et des pluies dans la savane semi-aride du Niger pendant la saison humide 1989
    • Modi, A. I., Lacaux, J. P., Labroue, L., and Baudet, J. G. R.: Chimie des aérosols et des pluies dans la savane semi-aride du Niger pendant la saison humide 1989, Sécheresse, 6, 331-335, 1995.
    • (1995) Sécheresse , vol.6 , pp. 331-335
    • Modi, A.I.1    Lacaux, J.P.2    Labroue, L.3    Baudet, J.G.R.4
  • 74
    • 0003718139 scopus 로고
    • National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Tropospheric Ozone Formation and Measurement National Academy Press, Washington
    • National Research Council (NRC): Committee on Tropospheric Ozone Formation and Measurement. Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution, National Academy Press, Washington, 1991.
    • (1991) Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution
  • 75
    • 32044444324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface ozone and precursor gases at Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E), a tropical rural site in India
    • DOI 10.1029/2001JD000357
    • Naja, M. and Lal, S.: Surface ozone and precursor gases at Gadanki (13.5 N, 79.2 E), a tropical rural site in India, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4197, doi:10.1029/2001JD000357, 2002. (Pubitemid 43197318)
    • (2002) Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres , vol.107 , Issue.14 , pp. 81-813
    • Naja, M.1    Lal, S.2
  • 77
  • 79
    • 74249122876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors controlling the distribution of ozone in the West African lower troposphere during the AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis) wet season campaign
    • doi:10.5194/acp-9-6135-2009
    • Saunois, M., Reeves, C. E., Mari, C. H., Murphy, J. G., Stewart, D. J., Mills, G. P., Oram, D. E., and Purvis, R. M.: Factors controlling the distribution of ozone in the West African lower troposphere during the AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis) wet season campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 6135-6155, doi:10.5194/acp-9-6135-2009, 2009.
    • (2009) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.9 , pp. 6135-6155
    • Saunois, M.1    Reeves, C.E.2    Mari, C.H.3    Murphy, J.G.4    Stewart, D.J.5    Mills, G.P.6    Oram, D.E.7    Purvis, R.M.8
  • 80
    • 0000310060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing, size and N-concentration of faecal and urinary excretions in cattle, sheep and goats-can they be used for better manuring of cropland?
    • edited by: Renard, G., Neef, A., Becker, K., and von Oppen M., Margraf Verlag, Weikersheim, Germany
    • Schlecht, E., Fernandez-Rivera, S., and Hiernaux, P.: Timing, size and N-concentration of faecal and urinary excretions in cattle, sheep and goats-can they be used for better manuring of cropland? in: Soil fertility Management in West AfricanLand Use Systems, edited by: Renard, G., Neef, A., Becker, K., and von Oppen, M., Margraf Verlag, Weikersheim, Germany, 361-368, 1998.
    • (1998) Soil Fertility Management in West AfricanLand Use Systems , pp. 361-368
    • Schlecht, E.1    Fernandez-Rivera, S.2    Hiernaux, P.3
  • 84
    • 0142213249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rainwater chemistry and wet deposition over the equatorial forested ecosystem of Zoétélé (Cameroon)
    • Sigha-Nkamdjou, L., Galy-Lacaux, C., Pont, V., Richard, S., Sighoumnou, D., and Lacaux, J. P.: Rainwater chemistry and wet deposition over the equatorial forested ecosystem of Zoétélé (Cameroon), J. Atmos. Chem., 46, 173-198, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.46 , pp. 173-198
    • Sigha-Nkamdjou, L.1    Galy-Lacaux, C.2    Pont, V.3    Richard, S.4    Sighoumnou, D.5    Lacaux, J.P.6
  • 85
    • 0034967499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global and regional anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions
    • Smith, S. J., Pitcher, H., and Wigley, T. M. L.: Global and regional anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions, Global Planet. Change, 29, 99-119, 2001.
    • (2001) Global Planet. Change , vol.29 , pp. 99-119
    • Smith, S.J.1    Pitcher, H.2    Wigley, T.M.L.3
  • 87
    • 0035238759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Five years of nitrogen dioxide measurement with diffusion tube samplers at over 1000 sites in the UK
    • Stevenson, K., Bush, T., and Mooney, D.: Five years of nitrogen dioxide measurement with diffusion tube samplers at over 1000 sites in the UK, Atmos. Environ., 35, 281-287, 2001.
    • (2001) Atmos. Environ. , vol.35 , pp. 281-287
    • Stevenson, K.1    Bush, T.2    Mooney, D.3
  • 88
    • 43249087875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • x and ozone over west Africa during AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis): Observational study
    • doi:10.5194/acp-8-2285-2008
    • x and ozone over west Africa during AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis): observational study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2285-2297, doi:10.5194/acp-8-2285- 2008, 2008.
    • (2008) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.8 , pp. 2285-2297
    • Stewart, D.J.1    Taylor, C.M.2    Reeves, C.E.3    McQuaid, J.B.4
  • 91
    • 33645640177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dry and wet deposition of inorganic nitrogen compounds to a tropical pasture site (Rondônia, Brazil)
    • doi:10.5194/acp-6-447-2006
    • Trebs, I., Lara, L. L., Zeri, L. M. M., Gatti, L. V., Artaxo, P., Dlugi, R., Slanina, J., Andreae, M. O., and Meixner, F. X.: Dry and wet deposition of inorganic nitrogen compounds to a tropical pasture site (Rondônia, Brazil), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 447-469, doi:10.5194/acp-6-447-2006, 2006.
    • (2006) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.6 , pp. 447-469
    • Trebs, I.1    Lara, L.L.2    Zeri, L.M.M.3    Gatti, L.V.4    Artaxo, P.5    Dlugi, R.6    Slanina, J.7    Andreae, M.O.8    Meixner, F.X.9
  • 92
    • 4544355423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time measurements of ammonia, acidic trace gases and water-soluble inorganic aerosol species at a rural site in the Amazon Basin
    • doi:10.5194/acp-4-967-2004
    • Trebs, I., Meixner, F. X., Slanina, J., Otjes, R., Jongejan, P., and Andreae, M. O.: Real-time measurements of ammonia, acidic trace gases and water-soluble inorganic aerosol species at a rural site in the Amazon Basin, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 967-987, doi:10.5194/acp-4-967-2004, 2004.
    • (2004) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.4 , pp. 967-987
    • Trebs, I.1    Meixner, F.X.2    Slanina, J.3    Otjes, R.4    Jongejan, P.5    Andreae, M.O.6
  • 95
    • 0026489962 scopus 로고
    • An inventory of nitric oxide emissions from soils in the United States
    • Williams, E. J., Guenther, A., and Fehsenfeld, F. C.: An inventory of nitric oxide emissions from soils in the United States, J. Geo-phys. Res., 97, 7511-7519, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Geo-phys. Res. , vol.97 , pp. 7511-7519
    • Williams, E.J.1    Guenther, A.2    Fehsenfeld, F.C.3
  • 98
    • 27944456470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rainwater Chemistry and Wet Deposition over the Wet Savanna Ecosystem of Lamto (Cote d'Ivoire)
    • Yoboue, V., Galy-Lacaux, C., Lacaux, J. P., and Silue, S.: Rainwater Chemistry and Wet Deposition over the Wet Savanna Ecosystem of Lamto (Cote d'Ivoire), J. Atmos. Chem., 52, 117-141, 2005.
    • (2005) J. Atmos. Chem. , vol.52 , pp. 117-141
    • Yoboue, V.1    Galy-Lacaux, C.2    Lacaux, J.P.3    Silue, S.4
  • 99
    • 79954589269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A revised parameterization for gaseous dry deposition in air-quality models
    • doi:10.5194/acp-3-2067-2003
    • Zhang, L., Brook, J. R., and Vet, R.: A revised parameterization for gaseous dry deposition in air-quality models, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 2067-2082, doi:10.5194/acp-3-2067-2003, 2003.
    • (2003) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.3 , pp. 2067-2082
    • Zhang, L.1    Brook, J.R.2    Vet, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.