IGF-IEc expression, regulation and biological function in different tissues

Growth Hormone and IGF Research

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 275-281

  Dai, Zhongquan ^a,b   Wu, Feng ^a   Yeung, Ella W ^b   Li, Yinghui ^a  

^a China Astronaut Research and Training Center   (China)

^b HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Alternative splicing; IGF I; Mechanical stimuli; MGF; Skeletal muscle; Tissue protection

Indexed keywords

DYSTROPHIN; GROWTH HORMONE; MECHANO GROWTH FACTOR; MYOD PROTEIN; MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN; SOMATOMEDIN C; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADAPTATION; AGING; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS; AVULSION INJURY; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CACHEXIA; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG MECHANISM; EXERCISE; GENE EXPRESSION; HEART INFARCTION; HEART MUSCLE; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HEART PROTECTION; HUMAN; MECHANICAL STIMULATION; MECHANICAL STRESS; MECHANOTRANSDUCTION; MOLECULAR SIZE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE GROWTH; MUSCLE HYPERTROPHY; MUSCLE REGENERATION; MYOBLAST; NERVE CRUSH; NEUROPROTECTION; NONHUMAN; OSTEOBLAST; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN FUNCTION; REVIEW; SHEAR STRESS; SKELETAL MUSCLE; STRETCHING; TENDON; TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK; UPREGULATION;

EID: 77955427566     PISSN: 10966374     EISSN: 15322238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2010.03.005     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. Froesch E.R., Schmid C., Schwander J., Zapf J. Actions of insulin-like growth factors. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1985, 47:443-467.
2. Rosenzweig S.A. What's new in the IGF-binding proteins?. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2004, 14:329-336.
3. Lowe W.L., Lasky S.R., LeRoith D., Roberts C.T. Distribution and regulation of rat insulin-like growth factor I messenger ribonucleic acids encoding alternative carboxyterminal E-peptides: evidence for differential processing and regulation in liver. Mol. Endocrinol. 1988, 2:528-535.
4. Chew S.L., Lavender P., Clark A.J., Ross R.J. An alternatively spliced human insulin-like growth factor-I transcript with hepatic tissue expression that diverts away from the mitogenic IBE1 peptide. Endocrinology 1995, 136:1939-1944.
5. Yang S., Alnaqeeb M., Simpson H., Goldspink G. Cloning and characterization of an IGF-1 isoform expressed in skeletal muscle subjected to stretch. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motil. 1996, 17:487-495.
6. Goldspink G., Booth F. General remarks - mechanical signals and gene-expression in muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 1992, 262:R327-R328.
7. McKoy G., Ashley W., Mander J., et al. Expression of insulin growth factor-1 splice variants and structural genes in rabbit skeletal muscle induced by stretch and stimulation. J. Physiol. 1999, 516(Pt 2):583-592.
8. Hameed M., Orrell R.W., Cobbold M., Goldspink G., Harridge S.D. Expression of IGF-I splice variants in young and old human skeletal muscle after high resistance exercise. J. Physiol. 2003, 547:247-254.
9. Greig C.A., Hameed M., Young A., Goldspink G., Noble B. Skeletal muscle IGF-I isoform expression in healthy women after isometric exercise. Growth Horm. IGF Res. 2006, 16:373-376.
10. Cheema U., Brown R., Mudera V., Yang S.Y., McGrouther G., Goldspink G. Mechanical signals and IGF-I gene splicing in vitro in relation to development of skeletal muscle. J. Cell Physiol. 2005, 202:67-75.
11. Bamman M.M., Shipp J.R., Jiang J., et al. Mechanical load increases muscle IGF-I and androgen receptor mRNA concentrations in humans. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2001, 280:E383-E390.
12. Hameed M., Lange K.H., Andersen J.L., et al. The effect of recombinant human growth hormone and resistance training on IGF-I mRNA expression in the muscles of elderly men. J. Physiol. 2004, 555:231-240.
13. Maricic N., Stieler E., Gedrange T., Schneider M., Tausche E., Harzer W. MGF- and myostatin-mRNA regulation in masseter muscle after orthognathic surgery. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Endod. 2008, 106:487-492.
14. Huang L., Cao L., Zhou S., Li Q., Xiang H. The expression of two isoforms of insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) mRNA in rat skeletal muscle induced by one to four weeks of electrical stimulation. Chin. J. Rehabil. Med. 2007, 22:399-402.
15. Hill M., Wernig A., Goldspink G. Muscle satellite (stem) cell activation during local tissue injury and repair. J. Anat. 2003, 203:89-99.
16. Hill M., Goldspink G. Expression and splicing of the insulin-like growth factor gene in rodent muscle is associated with muscle satellite (stem) cell activation following local tissue damage. J. Physiol. 2003, 549:409-418.
17. Philippou A., Papageorgiou E., Bogdanis G., Halapas A., Sourla A., Maridaki M., Pissimissis N., Koutsilieris M. Expression of IGF-1 isoforms after exercise-induced muscle damage in humans: characterization of the MGF E peptide actions in vitro. In Vivo 2009, 23:567-575.
18. Hameed M., Toft A.D., Pedersen B.K., Harridge S.D., Goldspink G. Effects of eccentric cycling exercise on IGF-I splice variant expression in the muscles of young and elderly people. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 2008, 18:447-452.
19. Kravchenko I.V., Furalyov V.A., Popov V.O. Hyperthermia and acidification stimulate mechano-growth factor synthesis in murine myoblasts and myotubes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2008, 375:271-274.
20. Imanaka M., Iida K., Murawaki A., et al. Growth hormone stimulates mechano growth factor expression and activates myoblast transformation in C2C12 cells. Kobe J. Med. Sci. 2008, 54:E46-E54.
21. Skarli M., Yang S.Y., Bouloux P., Yellon D.M., Goldspink G. Up-regulation and alternative splicing of the IGF-1 gene in the rabbit heart following a brief pressure/volume overload. J. Physiol. (London) 1998, 509P:192p-193p.
22. G. Goldspink and P. Goldspink, Use of the insulin-like-growth factor i splice variant MGF for the prevention of myocardial damage, United States Patent, (2005) US20050048028A1.
23. Stavropoulou A., Halapas A., Sourla A., et al. IGF-1 expression in infarcted myocardium and MGF E peptide actions on rat cardiomyocytes, in vitro. Mol. Med. 2009, 15:127-135.
24. Tang L.L., Wang Y.L., Sun C.X. The stress reaction and its molecular events: splicing variants. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2004, 320:287-291.
25. Nakasaki M., Yoshioka K., Miyamoto Y., Sasaki T., Yoshikawa H., Itoh K. IGF-I secreted by osteoblasts acts as a potent chemotactic factor for osteoblasts. Bone 2008, 43:869-879.
26. Tang L.L., Xian C.Y., Wang Y.L. The MGF expression of osteoblasts in response to mechanical overload. Arch. Oral Biol. 2006, 51:1080-1085.
27. Heinemeier K.M., Olesen J.L., Schjerling P., et al. Short-term strength training and the expression of myostatin and IGF-I isoforms in rat muscle and tendon: differential effects of specific contraction types. J. Appl. Physiol. 2007, 102:573-581.
28. Heinemeier K.M., Olesen J.L., Haddad F., Schjerling P., Baldwin K.M., Kjaer M. Effect of unloading followed by reloading on expression of collagen and related growth factors in rat tendon and muscle. J. Appl. Physiol. 2009, 106:178-186.
29. Carro E., Trejo J.L., Nunez A., Torres-Aleman I. Brain repair and neuroprotection by serum insulin-like growth factor I. Mol. Neurobiol. 2003, 27:153-162.
30. Neff N.T., Prevette D., Houenou L.J., et al. Insulin-like growth-factors - putative muscle-derived trophic agents that promote motoneuron survival. J. Neurobiol. 1993, 24:1578-1588.
31. D'Ercole A.J., Ye P., Calikoglu A.S., Gutierrez-Ospina G. The role of the insulin-like growth factors in the central nervous system. Mol. Neurobiol. 1996, 13:227-255.
32. Dluzniewska J., Sarnowska A., Beresewicz M., et al. A strong neuroprotective effect of the autonomous C-terminal peptide of IGF-1 Ec (MGF) in brain ischemia. FASEB J. 2005, 19:1896-1898.
33. Owino V., Yang S.Y., Goldspink G. Age-related loss of skeletal muscle function and the inability to express the autocrine form of insulin-like growth factor-1 (MGF) in response to mechanical overload. FEBS Lett. 2001, 505:259-263.
34. Musaro A., McCullagh K., Paul A., et al. Localized Igf-1 transgene expression sustains hypertrophy and regeneration in senescent skeletal muscle. Nat. Genet. 2001, 27:195-200.
35. Iida K., Itoh E., Kim D.S., et al. Muscle mechano growth factor is preferentially induced by growth hormone in growth hormone-deficient lit/lit mice. J. Physiol. 2004, 560:341-349.
36. Sadeh M. Effects of aging on skeletal muscle regeneration. J. Neurol. Sci. 1988, 87:67-74.
37. Brooks S.V., Faulkner J.A. Contraction-induced injury: recovery of skeletal muscles in young and old mice. Am. J. Physiol. 1990, 258:C436-C442.
38. Gallegly J.C., Turesky N.A., Strotman B.A., Gurley C.M., Peterson C.A., Dupont-Versteegden E.E. Satellite cell regulation of muscle mass is altered at old age. J. Appl. Physiol. 2004, 97:1082-1090.
39. Chakravarthy M.V., Davis B.S., Booth F.W. IGF-I restores satellite cell proliferative potential in immobilized old skeletal muscle. J. Appl. Physiol. 2000, 89:1365-1379.
40. G. Goldspink, Method of treating muscular disorders, United States Patent, (2001) US6221842B1.
41. Barton-Davis E.R., Shoturma D.I., Musaro A., Rosenthal N., Sweeney H.L. Viral mediated expression of insulin-like growth factor I blocks the aging-related loss of skeletal muscle function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1998, 95:15603-15607.
42. Yang S.Y., Goldspink G. Different roles of the IGF-I Ec peptide (MGF) and mature IGF-I in myoblast proliferation and differentiation. FEBS Lett. 2002, 522:156-160.
43. Goldspink G. Impairment of IGF-I gene splicing and MGF expression associated with muscle wasting. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 2006, 38:481-489.
44. Goldspink G., Yang S.Y., Skarli M., Vrbova G. Local growth regulation is associated with an isoform of IGF-I that is expressed in normal muscle but not in dystrophic mdx or dydy mouse muscle when subjected to stretch. J. Physiol. 1996, 495P:2.
45. Ates K., Yang S.Y., Orrell R.W., et al. The IGF-I splice variant MGF increases progenitor cells in ALS, dystrophic, and normal muscle. FEBS Lett. 2007, 581:2727-2732.
46. Mills P., Dominique J.C., Lafreniere J.F., Bouchentouf M., Tremblay J.P. A synthetic mechano growth factor E Peptide enhances myogenic precursor cell transplantation success. Am. J. Transplant. 2007, 7:2247-2259.
47. I. Johnson and G. Goldspink, Use of the insulin-like-growth factor I isoform MGF for the treatment of neurological disorder, United States Patent, (2006) US20060058239A1.
48. Aperghis M., Johnson I.P., Cannon J., Yang S.Y., Goldspink G. Different levels of neuroprotection by two insulin-like growth factor-I splice variants. Brain Res. 2004, 1009:213-218.
49. Riddoch-Contreras J., Yang S.Y., Dick J.R., Goldspink G., Orrell R.W., Greensmith L. Mechano-growth factor, an IGF-I splice variant, rescues motoneurons and improves muscle function in SOD1(G93A) mice. Exp. Neurol. 2009, 215:281-289.
50. McMahon C.D., Devlin G.P., Matthews K.G., et al. Mechano-growth factor reduces ischaemic injury after myocardial infarction. Eur. Heart J. 2004, 25:497-497.
51. Carpenter V., Matthews K., Devlin G., et al. Mechano-growth factor reduces loss of cardiac function in acute myocardial infarction. Heart Lung Circ. 2008, 17:33-39.
52. Shioura K.M., Los T., Geenen D.L., Goldspink G., Goldspink P. The unique e-domain of an IGF-I isoform expressed in muscle preserves cardiac function and prevents apoptosis following myocardial infarction. Circulation 2006, 114:232-233.
53. Yang S.Y., Alnaqeeb M., Simpson H., Goldspink G. Changes in muscle fibre type, muscle mass and IGF-I gene expression in rabbit skeletal muscle subjected to stretch. J. Anat. 1997, 190(Pt 4):613-622.
54. Liu Y., Heinichen M., Wirth K., Schmidtbleicher D., Steinacker J.M. Response of growth and myogenic factors in human skeletal muscle to strength training. Br. J. Sports Med. 2008, 42:989-993.
55. Bikle D.D., Harris J., Halloran B.P., Morey-Holton E.R. Skeletal unloading induces resistance to insulin-like growth factor I. J. Bone Miner. Res. 1994, 9:1789-1796.
56. Fitts R.H., Riley D.R., Widrick J.J. Functional and structural adaptations of skeletal muscle to microgravity. J. Exp. Biol. 2001, 204:3201-3208.
57. Bikle D.D., Halloran B.P. The response of bone to unloading. J. Bone Miner. Metab. 1999, 17:233-244.
58. Seale P., Rudnicki M.A. A new look at the origin, function, and "stem-cell" status of muscle satellite cells. status of muscle satellite cells, Dev. Biol. 2000, 218:115-124.
59. Le Grand F., Rudnicki M.A. Skeletal muscle satellite cells and adult myogenesis. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 2007, 19:628-633.
60. McKay B.R., O'Reilly C.E., Phillips S.M., Tarnopolsky M.A., Parise G. Co-expression of IGF-1 family members with myogenic regulatory factors following acute damaging muscle-lengthening contractions in humans. J. Physiol. 2008, 586:5549-5560.
61. Clemmons D.R., Underwood L.E., Van Wyk J.J. Hormonal control of immunoreactive somatomedin production by cultured human fibroblasts. J. Clin. Invest. 1981, 67:10-19.
62. Sadowski C.L., Wheeler T.T., Wang L.H., Sadowski H.B. GH regulation of IGF-I and suppressor of cytokine signaling gene expression in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Endocrinology 2001, 142:3890-3900.
63. Yamaguchi A., Fujikawa T., Shimada S., et al. Muscle IGF-I Ea, MGF, and myostatin mRNA expressions after compensatory overload in hypophysectomized rats. Pflugers Arch. 2006, 453:203-210.
64. Goldspink G. Cloning of local growth factors involved in the determination of muscle mass. Br. J. Sports Med. 2000, 34:159-160.
65. Spangenburg E.E., Le Roith D., Ward C.W., Bodine S.C. A functional insulin-like growth factor receptor is not necessary for load-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy. J. Physiol. 2008, 586:283-291.
66. Tan D.S., Cook A., Chew S.L. Nucleolar localization of an isoform of the IGF-I precursor. BMC Cell Biol. 2002, 3:17.
67. Siegfried J.M., Kasprzyk P.G., Treston A.M., Mulshine J.L., Quinn K.A., Cuttitta F. A mitogenic peptide amide encoded within the E peptide domain of the insulin-like growth factor IB prohormone. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1992, 89:8107-8111.
68. Kuo Y.H., Chen T.T. Novel activities of pro-IGF-I E peptides: regulation of morphological differentiation and anchorage-independent growth in human neuroblastoma cells. Exp. Cell Res. 2002, 280:75-89.