Fluorene based conjugated polyelectrolyte/silica nanocomposites: Charge-mediated phase aggregation at the organic-inorganic interface

Advanced Materials

Volumn 22, Issue 28, 2010, Pages 3032-3037

  Evans, Rachel C ^a,b,d   Macedo, Andreia G ^b   Pradhan, Swapna ^c   Scherf, Ullrich ^c   Carlos, Luís D ^b   Burrows, Hugh D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COIMBRA   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AVEIRO   (Portugal)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WUPPERTAL   (Germany)

^d TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONJUGATED POLYELECTROLYTES; DONOR-ACCEPTOR DISTANCE; FLUORENES; INORGANIC-ORGANIC; IONIC GROUP; LATERAL CHAINS; MACRO SCALE; NANOPHASE SEPARATION; ORGANIC-INORGANIC INTERFACE; POLYFLUORENES; SOL-GEL PROCESSING;

GELS; HYBRID SYSTEMS; NANOCOMPOSITES; SOL-GEL PROCESS;

PHASE INTERFACES;

ELECTROLYTE; FLUORENE; FLUORENE DERIVATIVE; INORGANIC COMPOUND; NANOCOMPOSITE; POLYMER; SILICON DIOXIDE;

ARTICLE; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CHEMISTRY; LUMINESCENCE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY;

ELECTROLYTES; FLUORENES; INORGANIC CHEMICALS; LUMINESCENT MEASUREMENTS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MICROSCOPY, ATOMIC FORCE; NANOCOMPOSITES; POLYMERS; SILICON DIOXIDE;

EID: 77955404497     PISSN: 09359648     EISSN: 15214095     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/adma.200904377     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. C. V. Hoven, A. Garcia, G. C. Bazan, T.-Q. Nguyen, Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 3793.
2. S. Günes, H. Neugebauer, N. S. Sariciftci, Chem. Rev. 2007, 107.
3. F. Feng, F. He, L. An, S. Wang, Y. Li, D. Zhu, Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 2959.
4. H. Jiang, P. Taranekar, J. R. Reynolds, K. S. Schanze, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 4300.
5. T. Q. Nguyen, J.-J. Wu, B. J. Schwartz, S. H. Tolbert, Science 2000, 288, 652.
6. Y. Yang, Y. Lu, M. Lu, J. Huang, R. Haddad, G. Xomeritakis, N. Liu, A. P. Malanoski, D. Sturmayr, H. Fan, D. Y. Sasaki, R. A. Assink, J. A. Shellnutt, F. Swol, G. P. Lopez, A. R. Burns, C. J. Brinker, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 1269.
7. S. Kirmayer, E. Dovgolevsky, M. Kalina, E. Lakin, S. Caders, J. D. Epping, A. Fernández-Arteaga, C. Rodríguez-Abreu, B. F. Chmelka, G. L. Frey, Chem. Mater. 2008, 20, 3745.
8. S. Neyshtadt, M. Kalina, G. L. Frey, Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 2541.
9. H. Jiang, X. Zhao, K. S. Schanze, Langmuir 2007, 23, 9481.
10. H. D. Burrows, V. M. M. Lobo, J. Pina, M. L. Ramos, J. Seixas de Melo, A. J. M. Valente, M. J. Tapia, S. Pradhan, U. Scherf, Macromolecules 2004, 37, 7425.
11. M. Knaapila, L. Almásy, V. M. Garamus, C. Pearson, S. Pradhan, M. C. Petty, U. Scherf, H. D. Burrows, A. P. Monkman, J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 10248.
12. H. D. Burrows, M. Knaapila, A. P. Monkman, M. J. Tapia, S. M. Fonseca, M. L. Ramos, W. Pyckhout-Hintzen, S. Pradhan, U. Scherf, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 2008, 20, 104210.
13. H. D. Burrows, S. M. Fonseca, C. L. Silva, A. A. C. C. Pais, M. J. Tapia, S. Pradhan, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2008, 10, 4420.
14. H. D. Burrows, M. J. Tapia, S. M. Fonseca, A. J. M. Valente, V. M. M. Lobo, L. L. G. Justino, S. Qiu, S. Pradhan, U. Scherf, N. Chattopadhyay, M. Knaapila, V. M. Garamus, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2009, 1, 864.
15. A. Gutacker, S. Adamczyka, A. Helfera, L. E. Garner, R. C. Evans, S. M. Fonseca, M. Knaapila, G. C. Bazan, H. D. Burrows, U. Scherf, J. Mater. Chem. 2010, 20, 1423.
16. M. Knaapila, R. C. Evans, A. Gutacker, V. M. Garamus, M. Torkkeli, S. Adamczyk, M. Forster, U. Scherf, H. D. Burrows, Langmuir 2010, 26, 5056.
17. T. L. Kelly, S. P. Y. Che, Y. Yamada, K. Yano, M. O. Wolf, Langmuir 2008, 24, 9809.
18. R. Ravindranath, P. K. Ajikumar, N. B. M. Hanafiah, W. Knoll, S. Valiyaveettil, Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 1213.
19. E. Z. Faraggi, Y. Sorek, O. Levi, Y. Avny, D. Davidov, R. Neumann, R. Reisfeld, Adv. Mater. 1996, 833, 8.
20. B. Luther-Davies, M. Samoc, M. Woodruff, Chem. Mater. 1996, 8, 2586.
21. M. Kubo, C. Takimoto, Y. Minam, T. Uno, T. Itoh, Macromolecules 2005, 38, 7314.
22. K. Kokado, Y. Chujo, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2008, 46, 3749.
23. J. D. Wright, N. A. J. M. Sommerdijk, Sol Gel Materials Chemistry and Applications, CRC Press, Boca Raton 2001.
24. We note that there are considerable uncertainties associated in these values due to experimental difficulties in molecular weight determination with this class of compounds, which are experienced globally in the conjugated polyelectrolyte community. We therefore recommend caution in taking these values to be absolute molecular weights and consider instead that they broadly indicate that these conjugated polyelectrolytes are fairly low molecular weight macromolecules.
25. Scherrer equation: L = 0.94λ/(Acosθ), where A (in radians) is the full-width-half-maximum of the Bragg peak. See A. Guinier, X-ray Diffraction in Crystals, Imperfect Crystals and Amorphous Bodies, Dover, New York 1994.
26. L. D. Carlos, V. de Zea Bermudez, V. S. Amaral, S. C. Nunes, N. J. O. Silva, R. A. S. Ferreira, J. Rocha, C. V. Santilli, D. Ostrovskii, Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 341.
27. O. G. Morales-Saavedra, E. Rivera, J. O. Flores-Flores, R. Castañeda, J. G. Bañuelos, J. M. Saniger, J Sol-Cel Sci. Technol. 2007, 41, 277.
28. H. A. Al Attar, A. P. Monkman, J. Phys. Chem.B 62007, 111, 12418.
29. S. S. Nobre, P. P. Lima, L. Mafra, R. A. S. Ferreira, R. Freire, L. Fu, U. Pischel, V. de Zea Bermudez, L D. Carlos, J. Phys. Chem. C2007, 222, 3275.
30. A. Monkman, C. Rothe, S. King, F. B. Dias, Adv. Polym. Sci. 2008, 212, 187.
31. J. S. Yang, T. M. Swager, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 11864.
32. Q. Zhou, T. M. Swager, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 12593.
33. L. Chen, D. W. McBranch, H.-L Wang, R. Helgeson, F. Wudl, D. G. Whitten, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1999, 96, 12287.
34. D. T. Mcquade, A. E. Pullenand, T. M. Swager, Chem. Rev. 2000, 100, 2537.
35. S. J. Toal, W. C. Trogler, J. Mater. Chem. 2006, 28, 2871.
36. Handbook of Physical Properties of Organic Chemicals (Eds: P. H. Howard, W. M. Meylan), CRC Press, Boca Raton 1997.
37. H. Sohn, M. J. Sailor, D. Magde, W. C. Trogler, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 3821.
38. S. Tao, G. Li, H. Zhu, J. Mater. Chem. 2006, 16, 2347.
39. S. Tao, J. Yin, G. Li, J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18, 4872.
40. C. P. Chang, C. Y. Chao, J. H. Huang, C. S. Hsu, M. S. Lin, B. R. Hsieh, A. C. Su, Synth. Met. 2004, 144, 297.
41. S. M. Pinto, H. D. Burrows, M. M. Pereira, S. M. Fonseca, F. B. Dias, R. Mallavia, M. J. Tapia, J. Phys. Chem. B. 2009, 113, 16093.
42. R. Yang, H. Wu, Y. Cao, G. C. Bazan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 14422.
43. A. Garcia, J. Z. Brzezinski, T. Q. Nguyen, J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 2950.
44. U. Scherf, E. J. W. List, Adv. Mater. 2002, 14, 477.
45. S. Pradhan, Ph.D. Thesis, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Germany 2004.
46. J. Pina, H. D. Burrows, R. S. Becker, F. B. Dias, A. L. Maçanita, J. Seixas de Melo, J. Phys. Chem. S 2006, 110, 6499.