Obesity and type 2 diabetes in rats are associated with altered brain glycogen and amino-acid homeostasis

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

Volumn 30, Issue 8, 2010, Pages 1527-1537

  Sickmann, Helle M ^a   Waagepetersen, Helle S ^a   Schousboe, Arne ^a   Benie, Andrew J ^b   Bouman, Stephan D ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^b NOVO NORDISK A S   (Denmark)

Author keywords

brain metabolism; glutamate glutamine cycle; glycogen; obesity; type 2 diabetes

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; ALANINE; AMINO ACID; ASPARTIC ACID; CARBON 13; GLUCOSE; GLUCOSE C 13; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLUTAMINE; GLYCOGEN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AMINO ACID METABOLISM; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BRAIN METABOLISM; BRAIN REGION; CONTROLLED STUDY; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLUCOSE METABOLISM; GLYCOGEN METABOLISM; ISOTOPE LABELING; MALE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; SPRAGUE DAWLEY RAT; ZUCKER DIABETIC FATTY RAT; ZUCKER RAT;

ALANINE; AMINO ACIDS; ANIMALS; ASPARTIC ACID; BLOOD GLUCOSE; BRAIN; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLUTAMINE; GLYCOGEN; MALE; OBESITY; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; RATS, ZUCKER;

EID: 77955173815     PISSN: 0271678X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2010.61     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. American Diabetes Association, all about diabetes (2009) Type 2 diabetes. Available from http://www.diabetes. org/type-2-diabetes.jsp accessed 14 September 2009
2. Bak LK, Schousboe A, Sonnewald U, Waagepetersen HS (2006) Glucose is necessary to maintain neurotransmit-ter homeostasis during synaptic activity in cultured glutamatergic neurons. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 26:1285-1297
3. Berl S, Clarke DD (1983) The metabolic compartmentation concept. In: Glutamine, Glutamate and GABA in the Central Nervous System (Hertz L, Kvamme E, McGeer EG, Schousboe A, eds), New York: Alan R Liss Inc, pp 205-217
4. Bhardwaj SK, Sharma P, Kaur G (1998) Alterations in free radical scavenger system profile of type I diabetic rat brain. Mol Chem Neuropathol 35:187-202
5. Biessels GJ, Gispen WH (2005) The impact of diabetes on cognition: what can be learned from rodent models? Neurobiol Aging 26(Suppl 1):36-41
6. Brown AM, Tekkok SB, Ransom BR (2003) Glycogen regulation and functional role in mouse white matter. J Physiol 549:501-512
7. Cataldo AM, Broadwell RD (1986) Cytochemical identification of cerebral glycogen and glucose-6-phosphatase activity under normal and experimental conditions. II. Choroid plexus and ependymal epithelia, endothelia and pericytes. J Neurocytol 15:511-524
8. Choi IY, Seaquist ER, Gruetter R (2003) Effect of hypogly-cemia on brain glycogen metabolism in vivo. J Neurosci Res 72:25-32 (Pubitemid 36373808)
9. Cruz NF, Dienel GA (2002) High glycogen levels in brains of rats with minimal environmental stimuli: implications for metabolic contributions of working astrocytes. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 22:1476-1489
10. Danbolt NC (2001) Glutamate uptake. Prog Neurobiol 65:1-105
11. Galanopoulos E, Lellos V, Papadakis M, Philippidis H, Palaiologos G (1988) Effects of fasting and diabetes on some enzymes and transport of glutamate in cortex slices or synaptosomes from rat brain. Neurochem Res 13:243-248
12. Garcia-Espinosa MA, Garcia-Martin ML, Cerdan S (2003) Role of glial metabolism in diabetic encephalopathy as detected by high resolution 13C NMR. NMR Biomed 16:440-449
13. Gjedde A, Crone C (1981) Blood-brain glucose transfer: repression in chronic hyperglycemia. Science 214:456-457 (Pubitemid 12204949)
14. Gibbs ME, Lloyd HG, Santa T, Hertz L (2007) Glycogen is a preferred glutamate precursor during learning in 1-day-old chick: biochemical and behavioral evidence. J Neurosci Res 85:3326-3333
15. Heath DF, Rose JG (1969) The distribution of glucose and [14C]glucose between erythrocytes and plasma in the rat. Biochem J 112:373-377
16. Hertz L, Dringen R, Schousboe A, Robinson SR (1999) Astrocytes: glutamate producers for neurons. J Neurosci Res 57:417-428
17. Kamal A, Biessels GJ, Gispen WH, Ramakers GM (2006) Synaptic transmission changes in the pyramidal cells of the hippocampus in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats. Brain Res 1073-1074:276-280
18. Kanamori K, Ross BD, Kondrat RW (2002) Glial uptake of neurotransmitter glutamate from the extracellular fluid studied in vivo by microdialysis and (13)C NMR. J Neurochem 83:682-695
19. Kong J, Shepel PN, Holden CP, Mackiewicz M, Pack AI, Geiger JD (2002) Brain glycogen decreases with increased periods of wakefulness: implications for homeostatic drive to sleep. J Neurosci 22:5581-5587
20. Li L, Yang G, Li Q, Tang Y, Li K (2006) High-fat-and lipid-induced insulin resistance in rats: the comparison of glucose metabolism, plasma resistin and adiponectin levels. Ann Nutr Metab 50:499-505
21. Martinez-Tellez R, Gomez-Villalobos MJ, Flores G (2005) Alteration in dendritic morphology of cortical neurons in rats with diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin. Brain Res 1048:108-115
22. Norenberg MD, Martinez-Hernandez A (1979) Fine structural localization of glutamine synthetase in astrocytes of rat brain. Brain Res 161:303-310
23. Marfaing-Jallat P, Levacher C, Calando Y, Picon L, Penicaud L (1992) Glucose utilization and insulin binding in discrete brain areas of obese rats. Physiol Behav 52:713-716
24. McCall AL, Millington WR, Wurtman RJ (1982) Metabolic fuel and amino acid transport into the brain in experimental diabetes mellitus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:5406-5410
25. Mo H, Harwood J, Zhang S, Xue Y, Santini R, Raftery D (2009) R: A quantitative measure of NMR signal receiving efficiency. J Magn Reson 200:239-244
26. Ottersen OP (1989) Quantitative electron microscopic immunocytochemistry of neuroactive amino acids. Anat Embryol 180:1-15
27. Oz G, Kumar A, Rao JP, Kodl CT, Chow L, Eberly LE, Seaquist ER (2009) Human brain glycogen metabolism during and following hypoglycemia. Diabetes 58:1978-1985
28. Plaschke K, Hoyer S (1993) Action of the diabetogenic drug streptozotocin on glycolytic and glycogenolytic metabolism in adult rat brain cortex and hippocampus. Int J Dev Neurosci 11:477-483
29. Pold R, Jensen LS, Jessen N, Buhl ES, Schmitz O, Flyvbjerg A, Fujii N, Goodyear LJ, Gotfredsen CF, Brand CL, Lund S (2005) Long-term AICAR administration and exercise prevents diabetes in ZDF rats. Diabetes 54:928-934
30. Sagar SM, Sharp FR, Swanson RA (1987) The regional distribution of glycogen in rat brain fixed by microwave irradiation. Brain Res 417:172-174
31. Sanchez-Chavez G, Hernandez-Berrones J, Luna-Ulloa LB, Coffe V, Salceda R (2008) Effect of diabetes on glycogen metabolism in rat retina. Neurochem Res 33:1301-1308
32. Schousboe A, Sarup A, Bak LK, Waagepetersen HS, Larsson OM (2004) Role of astrocytic transport processes in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmis-sion. Neurochem Int 45:521-527
33. Seaquist ER, Tkac I, Damberg G, Thomas W, Gruetter R (2005) Brain glucose concentrations in poorly controlled diabetes mellitus as measured by high-field magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Metabolism 54:1008-1013
34. Sickmann HM, Walls AB, Schousboe A, Bouman SD, Waagepetersen HS (2009) Functional significance of brain glycogen in sustaining glutamatergic neurotrans-mission. J Neurochem 109(Suppl 1):80-86
35. Tsujii S, Nakai Y, Takahashi H, Usui T, Koh T, Yonekura Y, Konishi J, Imura H (1988) Effect of food deprivation on regional brain glucose utilization in lean and fatty Zucker rats. Brain Res 475:371-375
36. Waagepetersen HS, Qu H, Schousboe A, Sonnewald U (2001) Elucidation of the quantitative significance of pyruvate carboxylation in cultured cerebellar neurons and astrocytes. J Neurosci Res 66:763-770
37. Walls AB, Heimburger CM, Bouman SD, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS (2009) Robust glycogen shunt activity in astrocytes: effects of glutamatergic and adrenergic agents. Neuroscience 158:284-292
38. World Health Organisation, Programmes and projects, Media Center (2009) Obesity and overweight. Available from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/ factsheets/fs311/en/index.html, accessed 15 July 2009
39. Yu AC, Drejer J, Hertz L, Schousboe A (1983) Pyruvate carboxylase activity in primary cultures of astrocytes and neurons. J Neurochem 41:1484-1487 (Pubitemid 14227465)
40. Zielke HR, Zielke CL, Baab PJ, Tildon JT (2007) Effect of fluorocitrate on cerebral oxidation of lactate and glucose in freely moving rats. J Neurochem 101:9-16