메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 23, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 888-901

Evolution of avian clutch size along latitudinal gradients: Do seasonality, nest predation or breeding season length matter?

Author keywords

Ashmole's hypothesis; Avian life histories; Bet hedging strategy; Ecogenetic link; Individual based model

Indexed keywords

BIRD; BREEDING SEASON; CLUTCH SIZE; EGG PRODUCTION; LIFE HISTORY TRAIT; NEST PREDATION; REPRODUCTIVE EFFORT; TEMPERATE ENVIRONMENT;

EID: 77955147131     PISSN: 1010061X     EISSN: 14209101     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.01958.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (58)

References (95)
  • 1
    • 0024220543 scopus 로고
    • Effects of population density and supplemental food on reproduction in song sparrows
    • Arcese P, Smith JNM. Effects of population density and supplemental food on reproduction in song sparrows. J. Anim. Ecol. 1988, 57:119-136.
    • (1988) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.57 , pp. 119-136
    • Arcese, P.1    Smith, J.N.M.2
  • 2
    • 84995180808 scopus 로고
    • The regulation of tropical oceanic birds
    • Ashmole NP. The regulation of tropical oceanic birds. Ibis 1963, 103:458-473.
    • (1963) Ibis , vol.103 , pp. 458-473
    • Ashmole, N.P.1
  • 3
    • 0029481098 scopus 로고
    • The milker-killer dilemma in spatially structured predator-prey interactions
    • van Baalen M, Sabelis MW. The milker-killer dilemma in spatially structured predator-prey interactions. Oikos 1995, 74:391-400.
    • (1995) Oikos , vol.74 , pp. 391-400
    • van Baalen, M.1    Sabelis, M.W.2
  • 4
    • 0030834311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avian life history variation along altitudinal gradients: an example with cardueline finches
    • Badyaev AV. Avian life history variation along altitudinal gradients: an example with cardueline finches. Oecologia 1997, 111:365-374.
    • (1997) Oecologia , vol.111 , pp. 365-374
    • Badyaev, A.V.1
  • 5
    • 0034767342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of life histories along elevational gradients: trade-off between parental care and fecundity
    • Badyaev AV, Ghalambor CK. Evolution of life histories along elevational gradients: trade-off between parental care and fecundity. Ecology 2001, 82:2948-2960.
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 2948-2960
    • Badyaev, A.V.1    Ghalambor, C.K.2
  • 6
    • 0030303058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between geographic variation in clutch size and migration pattern in the Yellow Wagtail
    • Bell CP. The relationship between geographic variation in clutch size and migration pattern in the Yellow Wagtail. Bird Study 1996, 43:333-341.
    • (1996) Bird Study , vol.43 , pp. 333-341
    • Bell, C.P.1
  • 7
    • 0000426899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing the clutch size, number of broods and annual fecundity of North American and European land birds
    • Böhning-Gaese K, Halbe B, Lemoine N, Oberrath R. Factors influencing the clutch size, number of broods and annual fecundity of North American and European land birds. Evol. Ecol. Res. 2000, 2:823-839.
    • (2000) Evol. Ecol. Res. , vol.2 , pp. 823-839
    • Böhning-Gaese, K.1    Halbe, B.2    Lemoine, N.3    Oberrath, R.4
  • 8
    • 0031826966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density dependence of clutch size: habitat heterogeneity or individual adjustment?
    • Both C. Density dependence of clutch size: habitat heterogeneity or individual adjustment? J. Anim. Ecol. 1998, 67:659-666.
    • (1998) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.67 , pp. 659-666
    • Both, C.1
  • 9
    • 0034101660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive effort and reproductive values in periodic environments
    • Brommer J, Kokko H, Pietäinen H. Reproductive effort and reproductive values in periodic environments. Am. Nat. 2000, 155:454-472.
    • (2000) Am. Nat. , vol.155 , pp. 454-472
    • Brommer, J.1    Kokko, H.2    Pietäinen, H.3
  • 10
    • 0036200663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The life-history basis of latitudinal diversity gradients: how do species traits vary from the poles to the equator?
    • Cardillo M. The life-history basis of latitudinal diversity gradients: how do species traits vary from the poles to the equator? J. Anim. Ecol. 2002, 71:79-87.
    • (2002) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.71 , pp. 79-87
    • Cardillo, M.1
  • 11
    • 35748941266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling tradeoffs in avian life history traits and consequences for population growth
    • Clark ME, Martin TE. Modeling tradeoffs in avian life history traits and consequences for population growth. Ecol. Model. 2007, 209:110-120.
    • (2007) Ecol. Model. , vol.209 , pp. 110-120
    • Clark, M.E.1    Martin, T.E.2
  • 12
    • 0001490294 scopus 로고
    • A general theory of clutch size
    • Cody ML. A general theory of clutch size. Evolution 1966, 20:174-184.
    • (1966) Evolution , vol.20 , pp. 174-184
    • Cody, M.L.1
  • 13
    • 0034017913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of passerine incubation behavior: influence of food, temperature, and nest predation
    • Conway CJ, Martin TE. Evolution of passerine incubation behavior: influence of food, temperature, and nest predation. Evolution 2000, 54:670-685.
    • (2000) Evolution , vol.54 , pp. 670-685
    • Conway, C.J.1    Martin, T.E.2
  • 15
    • 30344446670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual-based modeling of ecological and evolutionary processes
    • DeAngelis DL, Mooij WM. Individual-based modeling of ecological and evolutionary processes. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2005, 36:147-168.
    • (2005) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. , vol.36 , pp. 147-168
    • DeAngelis, D.L.1    Mooij, W.M.2
  • 16
    • 0025632437 scopus 로고
    • The effect of food supplementation on the reproductive success of Black billed Magpie Pica pica
    • Dhindsa MS, Boag DA. The effect of food supplementation on the reproductive success of Black billed Magpie Pica pica. Ibis 1990, 132:595-602.
    • (1990) Ibis , vol.132 , pp. 595-602
    • Dhindsa, M.S.1    Boag, D.A.2
  • 17
    • 33645730095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surprising evolutionary predictions from enhanced ecological realism
    • Dieckmann U, Metz JAJ. Surprising evolutionary predictions from enhanced ecological realism. Theor. Popul. Biol. 2006, 69:263-281.
    • (2006) Theor. Popul. Biol. , vol.69 , pp. 263-281
    • Dieckmann, U.1    Metz, J.A.J.2
  • 18
    • 0025206519 scopus 로고
    • Brood size manipulations in the kestrel (Falco tinnunculus): effects on offspring and parent survival
    • Dijkstra C, Bult A, Bijlsma S, Daan S, Meijer T, Zijlstra M. Brood size manipulations in the kestrel (Falco tinnunculus): effects on offspring and parent survival. J. Anim. Ecol. 1990, 59:269-286.
    • (1990) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.59 , pp. 269-286
    • Dijkstra, C.1    Bult, A.2    Bijlsma, S.3    Daan, S.4    Meijer, T.5    Zijlstra, M.6
  • 19
    • 1442291233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clutch size reduction as a response to increased nest predation rate in the collared flycatcher
    • Doligez B, Clobert J. Clutch size reduction as a response to increased nest predation rate in the collared flycatcher. Ecology 2003, 84:2582-2588.
    • (2003) Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 2582-2588
    • Doligez, B.1    Clobert, J.2
  • 20
    • 29244470513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating geographic variation in clutch size using a natural experiment
    • Evans KL, Duncan RP, Blackburn TM, Crick HQP. Investigating geographic variation in clutch size using a natural experiment. Func. Ecol. 2005, 19:616-624.
    • (2005) Func. Ecol. , vol.19 , pp. 616-624
    • Evans, K.L.1    Duncan, R.P.2    Blackburn, T.M.3    Crick, H.Q.P.4
  • 21
    • 0035210776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How many baskets? Clutch sizes that maximize annual fecundity of multiple-brooded birds
    • Farnsworth GL, Simons TR. How many baskets? Clutch sizes that maximize annual fecundity of multiple-brooded birds. The Auk 2001, 118:973-982.
    • (2001) The Auk , vol.118 , pp. 973-982
    • Farnsworth, G.L.1    Simons, T.R.2
  • 22
    • 1542543433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life history and fitness consequences of ectoparasites
    • Fitze PS, Tschirren B, Richner H. Life history and fitness consequences of ectoparasites. J. Anim. Ecol. 2004, 73:216-226.
    • (2004) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.73 , pp. 216-226
    • Fitze, P.S.1    Tschirren, B.2    Richner, H.3
  • 23
    • 33645347978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parent birds assess nest predation risk and adjust their reproductive strategies
    • Fontaine JJ, Martin TE. Parent birds assess nest predation risk and adjust their reproductive strategies. Ecol. Lett. 2006, 9:428-434.
    • (2006) Ecol. Lett. , vol.9 , pp. 428-434
    • Fontaine, J.J.1    Martin, T.E.2
  • 24
    • 0033959875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are incubation and fledging periods longer in the tropics?
    • Geffen E, Yom-Tov Y. Are incubation and fledging periods longer in the tropics? J. Anim. Ecol. 2000, 69:59-73.
    • (2000) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.69 , pp. 59-73
    • Geffen, E.1    Yom-Tov, Y.2
  • 25
    • 0035917872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fecundity-survival trade-offs and parental risk-taking in birds
    • Ghalambor CK, Martin TE. Fecundity-survival trade-offs and parental risk-taking in birds. Science 2001, 292:494-497.
    • (2001) Science , vol.292 , pp. 494-497
    • Ghalambor, C.K.1    Martin, T.E.2
  • 26
    • 0016136872 scopus 로고
    • Natural selection for within-generation variance in offspring number
    • Gillespie JH. Natural selection for within-generation variance in offspring number. Genetics 1974, 76:601-606.
    • (1974) Genetics , vol.76 , pp. 601-606
    • Gillespie, J.H.1
  • 27
    • 3142536963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of clutch size along latitudinal gradients: revisiting Ashmole's hypothesis
    • Griebeler EM, Böhning-Gaese K. Evolution of clutch size along latitudinal gradients: revisiting Ashmole's hypothesis. Evol.Ecol.Res. 2004, 6:679-694.
    • (2004) Evol.Ecol.Res. , vol.6 , pp. 679-694
    • Griebeler, E.M.1    Böhning-Gaese, K.2
  • 29
    • 20444397827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renesting determines seasonal fecundity in songbirds: what do we know? What should we assume?
    • Grzybowski JA, Paese CM. Renesting determines seasonal fecundity in songbirds: what do we know? What should we assume? Auk 2005, 122:280-291.
    • (2005) Auk , vol.122 , pp. 280-291
    • Grzybowski, J.A.1    Paese, C.M.2
  • 30
    • 23944435840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latitudinal gradients
    • Hawkins BA, Agrawal AA. Latitudinal gradients. Ecology 2005, 86:2261-2262.
    • (2005) Ecology , vol.86 , pp. 2261-2262
    • Hawkins, B.A.1    Agrawal, A.A.2
  • 31
    • 0025204985 scopus 로고
    • The effect of food on laying date and clutch size in Tengmalm's Owl Aegolius funereus
    • Hörnfeldt B, Eklund U. The effect of food on laying date and clutch size in Tengmalm's Owl Aegolius funereus. Ibis 1990, 132:395-406.
    • (1990) Ibis , vol.132 , pp. 395-406
    • Hörnfeldt, B.1    Eklund, U.2
  • 32
    • 0037250946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of energy and seasonality on avian species richness and community composition
    • Hurlbert AH, Haskell JP. The effect of energy and seasonality on avian species richness and community composition. Am. Nat. 2003, 161:83-97.
    • (2003) Am. Nat. , vol.161 , pp. 83-97
    • Hurlbert, A.H.1    Haskell, J.P.2
  • 33
    • 84883814433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The worldwide variation in avian clutch size across species and space
    • Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K. The worldwide variation in avian clutch size across species and space. PLoS Biol. 2008, 6:2650-2657.
    • (2008) PLoS Biol. , vol.6 , pp. 2650-2657
    • Jetz, W.1    Sekercioglu, C.H.2    Böhning-Gaese, K.3
  • 34
    • 0030726406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival rates of tropical and temperate passerines: a Trinidadian perspective
    • Johnston JP, Peach WJ, Gregory RD, White SA. Survival rates of tropical and temperate passerines: a Trinidadian perspective. Am. Nat. 1997, 150:771-789.
    • (1997) Am. Nat. , vol.150 , pp. 771-789
    • Johnston, J.P.1    Peach, W.J.2    Gregory, R.D.3    White, S.A.4
  • 35
    • 44649189088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the model types available for development of ecological models
    • Jørgensen SE. Overview of the model types available for development of ecological models. Ecol. Model. 2008, 215:3-9.
    • (2008) Ecol. Model. , vol.215 , pp. 3-9
    • Jørgensen, S.E.1
  • 36
    • 0000307153 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of populations as the result of the properties of individual animals
    • Kaiser H. The dynamics of populations as the result of the properties of individual animals. Fortschr. Zool. 1979, 25:109-136.
    • (1979) Fortschr. Zool. , vol.25 , pp. 109-136
    • Kaiser, H.1
  • 37
    • 0025607577 scopus 로고
    • Survival rates of birds of tropical and temperate forests: will the dogma survive?
    • Karr JR, Nichols JD, Klimkiewicz MK, Brawn JD. Survival rates of birds of tropical and temperate forests: will the dogma survive? Am. Nat. 1990, 136:277-291.
    • (1990) Am. Nat. , vol.136 , pp. 277-291
    • Karr, J.R.1    Nichols, J.D.2    Klimkiewicz, M.K.3    Brawn, J.D.4
  • 38
    • 0032881515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition for early arrival in migratory birds
    • Kokko H. Competition for early arrival in migratory birds. J. Anim. Ecol. 1999, 68:940-950.
    • (1999) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.68 , pp. 940-950
    • Kokko, H.1
  • 39
    • 34547474618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ecogenetic link between demography and evolution: can we bridge the gap between theory and data?
    • Kokko H, López-Sepulcre A. The ecogenetic link between demography and evolution: can we bridge the gap between theory and data? Ecol. Lett. 2007, 10:773-782.
    • (2007) Ecol. Lett. , vol.10 , pp. 773-782
    • Kokko, H.1    López-Sepulcre, A.2
  • 40
    • 0010561213 scopus 로고
    • Geographic variation in clutch size in the Northern flicker (Colaptes auratus): support for Ashmole's hypothesis
    • König WD. Geographic variation in clutch size in the Northern flicker (Colaptes auratus): support for Ashmole's hypothesis. The Auk 1984, 101:698-706.
    • (1984) The Auk , vol.101 , pp. 698-706
    • König, W.D.1
  • 41
    • 0031772565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clutch size of kestrels: seasonal decline and experimental evidence for food limitation under fluctuating food conditions
    • Korpimäki E, Wiehn J. Clutch size of kestrels: seasonal decline and experimental evidence for food limitation under fluctuating food conditions. Oikos 1998, 83:259-272.
    • (1998) Oikos , vol.83 , pp. 259-272
    • Korpimäki, E.1    Wiehn, J.2
  • 42
    • 33846886330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why life histories are diverse
    • Kozlowski J. Why life histories are diverse. Pol. J. Ecol. 2006, 54:585-605.
    • (2006) Pol. J. Ecol. , vol.54 , pp. 585-605
    • Kozlowski, J.1
  • 43
    • 0024904433 scopus 로고
    • Postfledging survival of European starlings
    • Krementz DG, Nichols JD, Hines JE. Postfledging survival of European starlings. Ecology 1989, 70:646-655.
    • (1989) Ecology , vol.70 , pp. 646-655
    • Krementz, D.G.1    Nichols, J.D.2    Hines, J.E.3
  • 44
    • 83355163064 scopus 로고
    • The significance of clutch-size
    • Lack D. The significance of clutch-size. Ibis 1947, 89:302-352.
    • (1947) Ibis , vol.89 , pp. 302-352
    • Lack, D.1
  • 45
    • 0009915944 scopus 로고
    • Natural selection and family size in the starling
    • Lack D. Natural selection and family size in the starling. Evolution 1948, 2:95-110.
    • (1948) Evolution , vol.2 , pp. 95-110
    • Lack, D.1
  • 47
    • 0027042411 scopus 로고
    • The differentiation of animal weights
    • Latto J. The differentiation of animal weights. Func. Ecol. 1992, 6:386-395.
    • (1992) Func. Ecol. , vol.6 , pp. 386-395
    • Latto, J.1
  • 48
    • 38849110868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constitutive immune defenses correlate with life-history variables in tropical birds
    • Lee KA, Wikelski M, Robinson WD, Robinson TR, Klasing KC. Constitutive immune defenses correlate with life-history variables in tropical birds. J. Anim. Ecol. 2008, 77:356-363.
    • (2008) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.77 , pp. 356-363
    • Lee, K.A.1    Wikelski, M.2    Robinson, W.D.3    Robinson, T.R.4    Klasing, K.C.5
  • 49
    • 0028976972 scopus 로고
    • Avian life history evolution in relation to nest sites, nest predation, and food
    • Martin TE. Avian life history evolution in relation to nest sites, nest predation, and food. Ecol. Monographs 1995, 65:101-127.
    • (1995) Ecol. Monographs , vol.65 , pp. 101-127
    • Martin, T.E.1
  • 50
    • 0030301938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life history evolution in tropical and south temperate birds: what do we really know?
    • Martin TE. Life history evolution in tropical and south temperate birds: what do we really know? J. Avian Biol. 1996, 27:263-272.
    • (1996) J. Avian Biol. , vol.27 , pp. 263-272
    • Martin, T.E.1
  • 51
    • 0029661718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nest predation and avian life-history evolution in Europe versus North America: a possible role of humans?
    • Martin TE, Clobert J. Nest predation and avian life-history evolution in Europe versus North America: a possible role of humans? Am. Nat. 1996, 146:1028-1046.
    • (1996) Am. Nat. , vol.146 , pp. 1028-1046
    • Martin, T.E.1    Clobert, J.2
  • 52
    • 0026540708 scopus 로고
    • Life history traits of open- vs. cavity nesting birds
    • Martin TE, Li P. Life history traits of open- vs. cavity nesting birds. Ecology 1992, 73:579-592.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 579-592
    • Martin, T.E.1    Li, P.2
  • 55
    • 51549085200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theoretical investigation of the effect of latitude on avian life histories
    • McNamara JM, Barta Z, Wikelski M, Houston AI. A theoretical investigation of the effect of latitude on avian life histories. Am. Nat. 2008, 172:331-345.
    • (2008) Am. Nat. , vol.172 , pp. 331-345
    • McNamara, J.M.1    Barta, Z.2    Wikelski, M.3    Houston, A.I.4
  • 56
    • 0031868820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of larger impact of parasites on hosts in the tropics: investment in immune function within and outside the tropics
    • Møller AP. Evidence of larger impact of parasites on hosts in the tropics: investment in immune function within and outside the tropics. Oikos 1998, 82:265-270.
    • (1998) Oikos , vol.82 , pp. 265-270
    • Møller, A.P.1
  • 57
    • 65349105914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indirect cues of nest predation risk and avian reproductive decisions
    • doi
    • Mönkkönen M, Forsman JT, Kananoja T, Ylönen H. Indirect cues of nest predation risk and avian reproductive decisions. Biol. Lett. 2008, 10.1098/rsbl.2008.0631, doi
    • (2008) Biol. Lett.
    • Mönkkönen, M.1    Forsman, J.T.2    Kananoja, T.3    Ylönen, H.4
  • 58
    • 0000967849 scopus 로고
    • Clutch size: a comparative study with special reference to African birds
    • Moreau RE. Clutch size: a comparative study with special reference to African birds. Ibis 1944, 86:286-347.
    • (1944) Ibis , vol.86 , pp. 286-347
    • Moreau, R.E.1
  • 59
    • 0030803541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient or energy limitation on egg formation: a feeding experiment in great tits
    • Nager RG, Rüegger C, Noordwijk AJ. Nutrient or energy limitation on egg formation: a feeding experiment in great tits. J. Anim. Ecol. 1997, 66:270-274.
    • (1997) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.66 , pp. 270-274
    • Nager, R.G.1    Rüegger, C.2    Noordwijk, A.J.3
  • 60
    • 0034800029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive effort in variable environments, or environmental variation is for the birds
    • Orzack SH, Tulijapurkar S. Reproductive effort in variable environments, or environmental variation is for the birds. Ecology 2001, 82:2659-2665.
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 2659-2665
    • Orzack, S.H.1    Tulijapurkar, S.2
  • 61
    • 0002644198 scopus 로고
    • Experimental studies on the duration of life. XIV. The comparative mortality of certain lower organisms
    • Pearl R, Minor JR. Experimental studies on the duration of life. XIV. The comparative mortality of certain lower organisms. Quart. Rev. Biol. 1935, 10:60-79.
    • (1935) Quart. Rev. Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 60-79
    • Pearl, R.1    Minor, J.R.2
  • 62
    • 0027449758 scopus 로고
    • Brood-manipulation experiments. I. The number of offspring surviving per nest in Blue Tits (Parus caeruleus)
    • Pettifor RA. Brood-manipulation experiments. I. The number of offspring surviving per nest in Blue Tits (Parus caeruleus). J. Anim. Ecol. 1993a, 62:131-144.
    • (1993) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.62 , pp. 131-144
    • Pettifor, R.A.1
  • 63
    • 0027470288 scopus 로고
    • Brood-manipulation experiments II. Are costs of reproduction in Blue Tits (Parus caeruleus)?
    • Pettifor RA. Brood-manipulation experiments II. Are costs of reproduction in Blue Tits (Parus caeruleus)? J. Anim. Ecol. 1993b, 62:145-159.
    • (1993) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.62 , pp. 145-159
    • Pettifor, R.A.1
  • 64
    • 0001342886 scopus 로고
    • On r and K selection
    • Pianka ER. On r and K selection. Am. Nat. 1970, 104:592-597.
    • (1970) Am. Nat. , vol.104 , pp. 592-597
    • Pianka, E.R.1
  • 65
    • 0032742165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model to predict breeding-season productivity for multibrooded songbirds
    • Powell LA, Conroy MJ, Krementz DG, Lang JD. A model to predict breeding-season productivity for multibrooded songbirds. The Auk 1999, 116:1001-1008.
    • (1999) The Auk , vol.116 , pp. 1001-1008
    • Powell, L.A.1    Conroy, M.J.2    Krementz, D.G.3    Lang, J.D.4
  • 66
    • 0033977657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of forest management on density, survival, and population growth of wood trushes
    • Powell LA, Lang JD, Conroy MJ, Krementz DG. Effects of forest management on density, survival, and population growth of wood trushes. J. Wildl. Manage. 2000, 64:11-23.
    • (2000) J. Wildl. Manage. , vol.64 , pp. 11-23
    • Powell, L.A.1    Lang, J.D.2    Conroy, M.J.3    Krementz, D.G.4
  • 67
    • 33644835001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent effects of food and predator-mediated processes on annual fecundity in a songbird
    • Preston KL, Rotenberry JT. Independent effects of food and predator-mediated processes on annual fecundity in a songbird. Ecology 2006, 87:160-168.
    • (2006) Ecology , vol.87 , pp. 160-168
    • Preston, K.L.1    Rotenberry, J.T.2
  • 68
    • 0001824325 scopus 로고
    • Fecundity, mortality, and avian demography
    • Farner DS. ed.), National Academy of Science, Washington
    • Ricklefs RE. Fecundity, mortality, and avian demography. Breeding Biology of Birds 1973, 366-435. Farner DS. ed.), National Academy of Science, Washington
    • (1973) Breeding Biology of Birds , pp. 366-435
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 69
    • 0000432061 scopus 로고
    • On the evolution of reproductive strategies of birds
    • Ricklefs RE. On the evolution of reproductive strategies of birds. Am. Nat. 1977, 111:453-478.
    • (1977) Am. Nat. , vol.111 , pp. 453-478
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 70
    • 0003076354 scopus 로고
    • Geographical variation in clutch size among passerine birds: Ashmole's hypothesis
    • Ricklefs RE. Geographical variation in clutch size among passerine birds: Ashmole's hypothesis. Auk 1980, 97:38-49.
    • (1980) Auk , vol.97 , pp. 38-49
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 71
    • 0006254342 scopus 로고
    • The megapopulation: a model of demographic coupling between migrant and resident populations
    • Hagan JM, Johnston DW. eds), Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
    • Ricklefs RE. The megapopulation: a model of demographic coupling between migrant and resident populations. Ecology and Conservation of Neotropical Migrant Landbirds 1991, 537-548. Hagan JMJohnston DW. eds), Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
    • (1991) Ecology and Conservation of Neotropical Migrant Landbirds , pp. 537-548
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 72
    • 0031284514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative demography of new world populations of thrushes (Turdus spp.)
    • Ricklefs RE. Comparative demography of new world populations of thrushes (Turdus spp.). Ecol. Monographs 1997, 67:22-43.
    • (1997) Ecol. Monographs , vol.67 , pp. 22-43
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 73
    • 0033969463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density dependence, evolutionary optimization, and the diversification of avian life histories
    • Ricklefs RE. Density dependence, evolutionary optimization, and the diversification of avian life histories. Condor 2000, 102:9-22.
    • (2000) Condor , vol.102 , pp. 9-22
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 74
    • 0003026733 scopus 로고
    • Components of avian breeding productivity
    • Ricklefs RE, Bloom G. Components of avian breeding productivity. The Auk 1977, 94:86-96.
    • (1977) The Auk , vol.94 , pp. 86-96
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1    Bloom, G.2
  • 75
    • 0142042484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple density-dependence mechanisms regulate a migratory bird population during the breeding season
    • Rodenhouse NL, Sillett TS, Doran PJ, Holmes RT. Multiple density-dependence mechanisms regulate a migratory bird population during the breeding season. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 2003, 270:2105-2110.
    • (2003) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.270 , pp. 2105-2110
    • Rodenhouse, N.L.1    Sillett, T.S.2    Doran, P.J.3    Holmes, R.T.4
  • 76
    • 3142723668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life-history of two African Sylvia warblers: low annual fecundity and long post-fledging care
    • Schaefer H-C, Eshiamwata GW, Munyekenye FB, Böhning-Gaese K. Life-history of two African Sylvia warblers: low annual fecundity and long post-fledging care. Ibis 2004, 146:427-437.
    • (2004) Ibis , vol.146 , pp. 427-437
    • Schaefer, H.-C.1    Eshiamwata, G.W.2    Munyekenye, F.B.3    Böhning-Gaese, K.4
  • 77
    • 17644374143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nest predation is little affected by parental behaviour and nest site in two African Sylvia warblers
    • Schaefer H-C, Eshiamwata GW, Munyekenye FB, Griebeler EM, Böhning-Gaese K. Nest predation is little affected by parental behaviour and nest site in two African Sylvia warblers. J. Orn. 2005, 146:167-175.
    • (2005) J. Orn. , vol.146 , pp. 167-175
    • Schaefer, H.-C.1    Eshiamwata, G.W.2    Munyekenye, F.B.3    Griebeler, E.M.4    Böhning-Gaese, K.5
  • 78
    • 34548525397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the stability of populations of mammals, birds, fish and insects
    • Sibly RM, Barker D, Hone J, Pagel M. On the stability of populations of mammals, birds, fish and insects. Ecol. Lett. 2007, 10:970-976.
    • (2007) Ecol. Lett. , vol.10 , pp. 970-976
    • Sibly, R.M.1    Barker, D.2    Hone, J.3    Pagel, M.4
  • 79
    • 0036107393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in survivorship of a migratory songbird throughout its annual cycle
    • Sillett TS, Holmes RT. Variation in survivorship of a migratory songbird throughout its annual cycle. J. Anim. Ecol. 2002, 71:295-308.
    • (2002) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.71 , pp. 295-308
    • Sillett, T.S.1    Holmes, R.T.2
  • 80
    • 0034674741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of a global climate change on population dynamics of a migratory songbird
    • Sillett TS, Holmes RT, Sherry TW. Impacts of a global climate change on population dynamics of a migratory songbird. Science 2000, 288:2040-2042.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 2040-2042
    • Sillett, T.S.1    Holmes, R.T.2    Sherry, T.W.3
  • 81
    • 84946350057 scopus 로고
    • Do tropical birds rear as many young as they can nourish?
    • Skutch AF. Do tropical birds rear as many young as they can nourish? Ibis 1949, 91:430-455.
    • (1949) Ibis , vol.91 , pp. 430-455
    • Skutch, A.F.1
  • 82
    • 0001314555 scopus 로고
    • Clutch size, nesting success, and predation on nests of Neotropical birds, reviewed
    • Bucklay PA, Foster S, Morton ES, Ridgely RS, Buckley FG. eds), Allen Press, Lawrence, KS
    • Skutch AF. Clutch size, nesting success, and predation on nests of Neotropical birds, reviewed. Neotropical Ornithology 1985, 575-594. Bucklay PAFoster SMorton ESRidgely RSBuckley FG. eds), Allen Press, Lawrence, KS
    • (1985) Neotropical Ornithology , pp. 575-594
    • Skutch, A.F.1
  • 83
    • 0020415980 scopus 로고
    • Clutch size variation in passerine birds: the nest predation hypothesis
    • Slagsvold T. Clutch size variation in passerine birds: the nest predation hypothesis. Oecologia 1982, 54:159-169.
    • (1982) Oecologia , vol.54 , pp. 159-169
    • Slagsvold, T.1
  • 84
    • 0021556384 scopus 로고
    • Clutch size variation in birds in relation to nest predation: on the cost of reproduction
    • Slagsvold T. Clutch size variation in birds in relation to nest predation: on the cost of reproduction. J. Anim. Ecol. 1984, 53:945-953.
    • (1984) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.53 , pp. 945-953
    • Slagsvold, T.1
  • 85
    • 0031961426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition for food in urban pigeons: the cost of being juvenile
    • Sol D, Santos DM, Garcia J, Cuadrado M. Competition for food in urban pigeons: the cost of being juvenile. Condor 1998, 100:298-304.
    • (1998) Condor , vol.100 , pp. 298-304
    • Sol, D.1    Santos, D.M.2    Garcia, J.3    Cuadrado, M.4
  • 86
    • 0034107722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related feeding site selection in urban pigeons (Columba livia): experimental evidence of the competition hypothesis
    • Sol D, Santos DM, Cuadrado M. Age-related feeding site selection in urban pigeons (Columba livia): experimental evidence of the competition hypothesis. Can. J. Zool. 2000, 78:144-149.
    • (2000) Can. J. Zool. , vol.78 , pp. 144-149
    • Sol, D.1    Santos, D.M.2    Cuadrado, M.3
  • 88
    • 0009949892 scopus 로고
    • Density dependence in the life-cycles of animals and its importance in K- and r-strategies
    • Stubbs M. Density dependence in the life-cycles of animals and its importance in K- and r-strategies. J. Anim. Ecol. 1977, 46:677-688.
    • (1977) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.46 , pp. 677-688
    • Stubbs, M.1
  • 89
    • 30644462349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Juvenile mortality increases with clutch size in a neotropical bird
    • Styrsky JN, Brawn JD, Robinson SK. Juvenile mortality increases with clutch size in a neotropical bird. Ecology 2005, 86:3238-3244.
    • (2005) Ecology , vol.86 , pp. 3238-3244
    • Styrsky, J.N.1    Brawn, J.D.2    Robinson, S.K.3
  • 90
    • 0024530398 scopus 로고
    • Predation and starvation: age-specific mortality in juvenile juncos (Junco phaenotus)
    • Sullivan KA. Predation and starvation: age-specific mortality in juvenile juncos (Junco phaenotus). J. Anim. Ecol. 1989, 58:275-286.
    • (1989) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.58 , pp. 275-286
    • Sullivan, K.A.1
  • 91
    • 0021569061 scopus 로고
    • Body size, breeding season length, and life history tactics of lagomorphs
    • Swihart RK. Body size, breeding season length, and life history tactics of lagomorphs. Oikos 1984, 43:282-290.
    • (1984) Oikos , vol.43 , pp. 282-290
    • Swihart, R.K.1
  • 92
    • 33746217916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of life history traits in Leporidae: a test of nest predation and seasonality hypotheses
    • Virgós E, Cabezas-Díaz S, Blanco-Aguiar JA. Evolution of life history traits in Leporidae: a test of nest predation and seasonality hypotheses. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 2006, 88:603-610.
    • (2006) Biol. J. Linnean Soc. , vol.88 , pp. 603-610
    • Virgós, E.1    Cabezas-Díaz, S.2    Blanco-Aguiar, J.A.3
  • 93
    • 0035933330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost of egg production and incubation in great tits (Parus major)
    • Visser ME, Lessells CM. The cost of egg production and incubation in great tits (Parus major). Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 2001, 268:1271-1277.
    • (2001) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.268 , pp. 1271-1277
    • Visser, M.E.1    Lessells, C.M.2
  • 94
    • 0042849113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examining Ashmole's hypothesis: are life-history parameters of resident passerines related to the proportion of migrants?
    • Yom-Tov Y, Geffen E. Examining Ashmole's hypothesis: are life-history parameters of resident passerines related to the proportion of migrants? Evol. Ecol. Res. 2002, 4:673-685.
    • (2002) Evol. Ecol. Res. , vol.4 , pp. 673-685
    • Yom-Tov, Y.1    Geffen, E.2
  • 95
    • 33645099771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food and predators affect egg production in song sparrows
    • Zanette L, Clinchy M, Smith JNM. Food and predators affect egg production in song sparrows. Ecology 2006, 87:2459-2467.
    • (2006) Ecology , vol.87 , pp. 2459-2467
    • Zanette, L.1    Clinchy, M.2    Smith, J.N.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.