Pilot study of the prevalence, outcomes and detection of occult hypoperfusion in trauma patients

Emergency Medicine Journal

Volumn 27, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 470-472

  Thom, Ogilvie ^a   Taylor, David McD ^b   Wolfe, Rachel E ^c   Myles, Paul ^d   Krum, Henry ^e   Wolfe, Rory ^e  

^a BOX HILL HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b AUSTIN HEALTH   (Australia)

^c ROYAL MELBOURNE HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^d ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^e MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ALKALOSIS; ARTICLE; FEMALE; HEART INDEX; HEART RATE; HUMAN; INJURY; INJURY SCALE; LENGTH OF STAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PERFUSION; PILOT STUDY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SHOCK;

ADULT; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMANS; INJURY SEVERITY SCORE; ISCHEMIA; LENGTH OF STAY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PILOT PROJECTS; PREVALENCE; VICTORIA; WOUNDS AND INJURIES;

EID: 77953799540     PISSN: 14720205     EISSN: 14720213     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/emj.2009.073254     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Davis JW, Parks SN, Kaups KL, et al. Admission base deficit predicts transfusion requirements and risk of complications. J Trauma 1996;41:769-74.
2. Blow O, Magliore L, Claridge JA, et al. The golden hour and the silver day: detection and correction of occult hypoperfusion within 24 hours improves outcome from major trauma. J Trauma 1999;47:964-9.
3. Wo CC, Shoemaker WC, Appel PL, et al. Unreliability of blood pressure and heart rate to evaluate cardiac output in emergency resuscitation and critical illness. Crit Care Med 1993;21:218-23.
4. Eastridge BJ, Salinas J, McManus JG, et al. Hypotension begins at 110 mm Hg: redefining "hypotension" with data. J Trauma 2007;63:291-7.
5. Parks JK, Elliot AC, Gentilello LM, et al. Systemic hypotension is a late marker of shock after trauma: a validation study of Advanced Trauma Life Support principles in a large national sample. Am J Surg 2006;192:727-31.
6. Davis JW, Mackersic RC, Holbrook TL, et al. Base deficit as an indicator of significant abdominal injury. Ann Emerg Med 1991;20:842-4.
7. Martin MJ, FitzSullivan E, Salim A, et al. Discordance between lactate and base deficit in the surgical intensive care unit: which one do you trust? Am J Surg 2006;191:625-30.
8. Kincaid EH, Miller PR, Meredith W, et al. Elevated arterial base deficit in trauma patients: a marker of impaired oxygen utilization. J Am Coll Surg 1998;187:384-93.
9. Rixen D, Raum M, Bouillon B, et al. Base deficit development and its progostic significance in posttrauma critical illness: an analysis by the trauma registry of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie. Shock 2001;15:83-9. (Pubitemid 33598166)
10. Siegel JH, Rivkind AI, Dalal S, et al. Early physiologic predictors of injury severity and death in blunt multiple trauma. Arch Surg 1990;125:498-508. (Pubitemid 20119151)
11. Eachempati SR, Robb T, Ivatury RR, et al. Factors associated with mortality in patients presenting with penetrating abdominal vascular trauma. J Surg Res 2002;108:222-6. (Pubitemid 36062702)
12. Kaplan LJ, Kellum JA. Initial pH, base deficit, lactate, anion gap, strong ion difference, and strong ion gap predict outcome from major vascular injury. Crit Care Med 2004;32:1120-4.
13. Zehtabchi S, Baron BJ, Sinert R, et al. Ethanol and illicit drugs do not affect the diagnostic utility of base deficit and lactate in differentiating minor from major injury in trauma patients. Acad Emerg Med 2004;11:1014-20.
14. Botha AJ, Moore FA, Moore EE, et al. Base deficit after major trauma directly relates to neutrophil CD11b expression: a proposed mechanism of shock-induced organ injury. Intensive Care Med 1997;23:504-9.
15. Brown GE, Silver GM, Reiff J, et al. Polymorphonuclear neutrophil chemiluminescence in whole blood from blunt trauma patients with multiple injuries. J Trauma 1999;46:297-305.
16. Regel G, Grotz M, Wetner T, et al. Pattern of organ failure following severe trauma. World J Surg 1996;20:422-9.
17. Sauaia A, Moore FA, Moore EE, et al. Early predictors of postinjury multiple organ failure. Arch Surg 1994;129:39-45.
18. Rixen D, Siegel JH. Metabolic correlates of oxygen debt predict posttrauma early acute respiratory distress syndrome and the related cytokine response. J Trauma 2000;49:392-403.
19. Davis JW, Shackford SR, Mackersie RC, et al. Base deficit as a guide to volume resuscitation. J Trauma 1988;28:1464-7.
20. Oestern HJ, Trentz O, Hempelmann G, et al. Cardiorespiratory and metabolic patterns in multiple trauma patients. Resuscitation 1979;7:169-83.
21. Rady MY, Edwards JD, Nightingale P. Early cardiorespiratory findings after severe blunt trauma and their relation to outcome. Br J Surg 1992;79:65-8.
22. Scalea TM, Simon HM, Duncan AO, et al. Geriatric blunt multiple trauma: improved survival with early invasive monitoring. J Trauma 1990;30:129-34.
23. Epstein CD, Peerless J, Martin J, et al. Oxygen transport and organ dysfunction in the older patient. Heart Lung 2002;31:315-26.
24. Holm C, Melcer B, Horbrand F, et al. Haemodynamic and oxygen transport responses in survivors and non-survivors following thermal injury. Burns 2000;26:25-33.
25. Shoemaker WC, Wo CC, Chien LC, et al. Evaluation of invasive and noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring in trauma patients. J Trauma 2006;61:844-53.
26. Tan HL, Pinder M, Parsons R, et al. Clinical evaluation of USCOM ultrasonic cardiac output monitor in cardiac surgical patients in intensive care unit. Br J Anaesth 2005;94:287-91. (Pubitemid 40352847)
27. Van den Oever HL, Murphy EJ, Christie-Taylor GA. USCOM (Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitors) lacks agreement with thermodilution cardiac output and transoesophageal echocardiography valve measurements. Anaesth Intensive Care 2007;35:903-10.
28. Jain S, Allins A, Salim A, et al. Noninvasive Doppler ultrasonography for assessing cardiac function: can it replace the Swan-Ganz catheter. Am J Surg 2008;196:961-7.
29. Dey I, Spirivulis P. Emergency physicians can reliably assess emergency department patient cardiac output using the USCOM continuous wave Doppler cardiac output monitor. Emerg Med Australas 2005;17:193-9. (Pubitemid 41025665)
30. Allgower M, Burri C. "Shock index". Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1967;92:1947-50.
31. King RW, Plewa MC, Buderer NM, et al. Shock index as a marker for significant injury in trauma patients. Acad Emerg Med 1996;3:1041-5.
32. Zarzaur BL, Croce MA, Fischer PE, et al. New vitals after injury; shock index for the young and age x shock index for the old. J Surg Res 2008;147:229-36.
33. Rady MY, Smithline HA, Blake H, et al. A comparison of the shock index and conventional vital signs to identify acute critical illness in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 1994;24:685-90. (Pubitemid 24302836)
34. Ardagh MW, Hodgson T, Shaw L, et al. Pulse rate over pressure evaluation (ROPE) is useful in the assessment of compensated haemorrhagic shock. Emerg Med (Fremantle) 2001;13:43-6.
35. Morgan TJ, Venkatesh B. Monitoring oxygenation. In Bersten AD, Soni N, eds. Oh's intensive care manual. Philadelphia, PA: Butterworth Heinemann Elsevier, 2009:133-44.
36. Raum M, Rixen D, Linker R, et al. In fluence of lactate infusion solutions on the plasma lactate concentration. Anasthesiol Intensivemed Notfallmed Schmersther 2002;37:356-8.
37. Lavery RF, Livingston DH, Tortella BJ, et al. The utility of venous lactate to triage injured patients in the trauma center. J Am Coll Surg 2000;190:656-64.