Clinically Apparent Internal Mammary Nodal Metastasis in Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer: Incidence and Local Control

International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics

Volumn 77, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 1113-1119

  Zhang, Yu Jing ^a   Oh, Julia L ^b   Whitman, Gary J ^b   Iyengar, Puneeth ^b   Yu, Tse Kuan ^b   Tereffe, Welela ^b   Woodward, Wendy A ^b   Perkins, George ^b   Buchholz, Thomas A ^b   Strom, Eric A ^b  

^a SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY CANCER CENTER   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MD ANDERSON CANCER CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Breast cancer; Internal mammary lymph node; Radiation therapy

Indexed keywords

ADJUVANT RADIATION; BREAST CANCER; CHEST WALL; COMPLETE RESPONSE; COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY; CONTROL RATES; DISEASE FREE SURVIVAL; LOCAL CONTROL; LOCALLY ADVANCED BREAST CANCER; LOCOREGIONAL CONTROL; LYMPH NODE; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MULTIMODALITY THERAPY; NODAL METASTASIS; OVERALL SURVIVAL; POSITRON EMISSION; PROGRESSIVE DISEASE; RADIATION THERAPY; RADIATION TREATMENTS;

BODY FLUIDS; CHEMOTHERAPY; COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOLOGY; PATIENT MONITORING; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; RADIOTHERAPY; RESONANCE;

DISEASE CONTROL;

ANTHRACYCLINE; TAXANE DERIVATIVE;

ADULT; ADVANCED CANCER; AGED; ARTICLE; BREAST; BREAST CANCER; CANCER ADJUVANT THERAPY; CANCER CONTROL; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER SURVIVAL; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DISEASE FREE SURVIVAL; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; INTERNAL MAMMARY ARTERY; INTERNAL MAMMARY LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; LYMPH VESSEL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OVERALL SURVIVAL; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION DOSE; THORAX WALL; ULTRASOUND;

ADULT; AGED; ANTINEOPLASTIC COMBINED CHEMOTHERAPY PROTOCOLS; BREAST; BREAST NEOPLASMS; CARCINOMA, DUCTAL, BREAST; CARCINOMA, LOBULAR; DISEASE-FREE SURVIVAL; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; LYMPHATIC METASTASIS; MIDDLE AGED; NEOADJUVANT THERAPY; RADIOTHERAPY DOSAGE; REMISSION INDUCTION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES;

EID: 77953598305     PISSN: 03603016     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.06.081     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Lacour J., Bucalossi P., Cacers E., et al. Radical mastectomy versus radical mastectomy plus internal mammary dissection: Five-year results of an international cooperative study. Cancer 37 (1976) 206-214
2. Lacour J., Le M.G., Hill C., et al. Is it useful to remove internal mammary nodes in operable breast cancer?. Eur J Surg Oncol 13 (1987) 309-314
3. Lacour J., Le M., Caceres E., et al. Radical mastectomy versus radical mastectomy plus internal mammary dissection: Ten year results of an international cooperative trial in breast cancer. Cancer 51 (1983) 1941-1943
4. Veronesi U., and Valagussa P. Inefficacy of internal mammary nodes dissection in breast cancer surgery. Cancer 47 (1981) 170-175
5. Chen R.C., Lin N.U., Golshan M., et al. Internal mammary nodes in breast cancer: Diagnosis and implications for patient management-a systematic review. J Clin Oncol 26 (2008) 4981-4989
6. Ragaz J., Olivotto I.A., Spinelli J.J., et al. Locoregional radiation therapy in patients with high-risk breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: 20-year results of the British Columbia randomized trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 97 (2005) 116-126
7. Nielsen H.M., Overgaard M., Grau C., et al. Loco-regional recurrence after mastectomy in high-risk breast cancer-risk and prognosis. An analysis of patients from the DBCG 82 b&c randomization trials. Radiother Oncol 79 (2006) 147-155
8. Clarke M., Collins R., Darby S., et al. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (EBCTCG). Effects of radiotherapy and of differences in the extent of surgery for early breast cancer on local recurrence and 15-year survival: An overview of the randomized trials. Lancet 366 (2005) 2087-2106
9. White J., Moughan J., Pierce L.J., et al. Status of postmastectomy radiotherapy in the United States: A patterns of care study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 60 (2004) 77-85
10. Hojris I., Overgaard M., Christensen J.J., et al. Morbidity and mortality of ischaemic heart disease in high-risk breast-cancer patients after adjuvant postmastectomy systemic treatment with or without radiotherapy: Analysis of DBCG 82b and 82c randomized trials. Radiotherapy Committee of the Danish Breast Cancer Cooperative Group. Lancet 354 (1999) 1425-1430
11. Veronesi U., Marubini E., Mariani L., et al. Risk of internal mammary lymph node metastases and its relevance on prognosis of breast cancer patients. Ann Surg 198 (1983) 681-684
12. Colleoni M., Zahrieh D., Gelber R.D., et al. Site of primary tumor has a prognostic role in operable breast cancer: the international breast cancer study group experience. J Clin Oncol 23 (2005) 1390-1400
13. Buchholz T.A. Internal mammary lymph nodes: To treat or not to treat?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 46 (2000) 801-803
14. Freedman G.M., Fowble B.L., Nicolaou N., et al. Should internal mammary lymph nodes in breast cancer be a target for the radiation oncologist?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 46 (2000) 805-814
15. Huang O., Wang L., Shen K., et al. Breast cancer subpopulation with high risk of internal mammary lymph nodes metastasis: analysis of 2,269 Chinese breast cancer patients treated with extended radical mastectomy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 107 (2008) 379-387
16. Greene F.L., Page D.L., Fleming I.D., et al. AJCC Cancer Staging Handbook. 6th ed. (2002), Springer-Verlag, New York p. 257-281
17. Singletary S.E., Alled C., Ashley P., et al. Revision of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 20 (2002) 3628-3636
18. Uren R.F., Howman-Giles R.B., Chung D., and Thompson J.F. Nuclear medicine and diagnostic ultrasound and discipline of medicine, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW. Australia. Cancer Treat Res 127 (2005) 15-38
19. Bruneton J.N., Dalfin F.Y., Caramella E., et al. Value of ultrasound in localizing the internal mammary vessels. Eur J Radiol 6 (1986) 142-144
20. Scararige J.C., Hamper U.M., Sheth S., et al. Parasternal Sonography of the Internal Mammary Vessels: Technique, Normal Anatomy, and Lymphadenopathy. Radiology 172 (1989) 453-457
21. Scatarige J.C., Boxen I., and Smathers R.L. Internal mammary lymphadenopathy: Imaging of a vital lymphatic pathway in breast cancer. Radiographics 10 (1990) 857-870
22. Esen G. Ultrasound of superficial lymph nodes. Eur J Radiol 58 (2006) 345-359
23. Unlü M., Ercan M.T., Alanyali H., et al. Internal mammarial lymphoscintigraphy with PECT after ultrasound-guided injection of 99 m Tc-dextran. Nuklearmedizin 29 (1990) 35-39
24. Noguhci M., Micigishi T., Nakajima K., et al. The diagnosis of internal mammary node metastases of breast cancer. Int Surg 78 (1993) 171-175
25. Ozdemir H., Atilla S., Ilgit E.T., et al. Parasternal sonography of the internal mammary lymphatics in breast cancer: CT correlation. Eur J Radiol 19 (1995) 114-117
26. Kuzo R.S., Ben-Ami T.E., Yousefzadeh D.K., et al. Internal mammary compartment window to the mediastinum. Radiology 195 (1995) 187-192
27. Johnson N., Soot L., Nelson J., et al. Sentinel node biopsy and internal mammary lymphatic mapping in breast cancer. Am J Surg 179 (2000) 386-388
28. Uren R.F., Howman-Giles R., Renwick S.B., et al. Lymphatic mapping of the breast: Locating the sentinel lymph nodes. World J Surg 25 (2001) 789-793
29. Struikmans H., Scheihmans L.J., van Dalen A., et al. Lateralisation and depth of the internal mammary chain determined by scintigraphy and by ultrasonography: A comparative study in 124 primary breast cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 62 (2002) 159-162
30. Saarnak A.E., Hurkmans C.W., Pieters B.R., et al. Accuracy of internal mammary lymph node localization using lymphoscintigraphy, sonography and CT. Radiother Oncol 65 (2002) 79-88
31. Scatarige J.C., Hamper U.M., Sheth S., and Allen III H.A. Parasternal sonography of the internal mammary vessels: Technique, normal anatomy, and lymphadenopathy. Radiology 172 (1989) 453-457
32. Ozdemir H., Atilla S., Ilgit E.T., and Isik S. Parasternal sonography of the internal mammary lymphatics in breast cancer: CT correlation. Eur J Radiol 19 (1995) 114-117