Clostridium difficile: The new epidemic

Internet Journal of Infectious Diseases

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2009, Pages

  Reed III, James F ^a   Edris, Bree A ^a   Eid, Sherrine ^a   Molitoris, Allison ^a  

^a LEHIGH VALLEY HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION; COMORBIDITY; COST OF ILLNESS; EPIDEMIC; ESOPHAGITIS; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; INFECTION; LENGTH OF STAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MORTALITY; PREVALENCE; SEPTICEMIA;

EID: 77953468572     PISSN: None     EISSN: 15288366     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. Archibald, L.K., Banerjee, S.N., and W.R. Jarvis. 2004. Secular trends in hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile disease in the United States, 1987-2001. J. Inf. Dis. 189:1585-1589. (s)
2. Bartlett, J. 2006. Narrative Review: The New Epidemic of Clostridium difficile-Associated Enteric Disease. Ann. Int. Med. 145(10): 758-764. (s)
3. Blossom, D.B., and L.C. McDonald. 2007. The challenges posed by reemerging Clostridium difficile infection. Clin. Inf. Dis. 45:222-227. (s)
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2005. Severe Clostridium difficile-associated disease in populations previously at low risk - four states, 2005. MMWR. 54(47):1201-1205. (s)
5. Cloud, J., and C.P. Kelly. 2007. Update on Clostridium difficile associated disease. Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 23(1):4-9. (s)
6. Jodlowski, T.Z., Oehler, R., Kam, L.W., and I. Melnychuk. 2006. Emerging therapies in the treatment of Clostridium difficile - associated disease. Ann. Pharmacotherapy. 40:2164-2169. (s)
7. Kuijper, E.J., Coignard, B., and P. Tull. 2006. ESCMID Study Group for clostridium difficile: EU member states; European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Emergence of clostridium difficile-associated disease in North America and Europe. Clin. Microbiol. Inf. 12(Suppl 6):2-18. (s)
8. Kuijper, E.J., van Dissel, J.T., and M.H. Wilcox. 2007. Clostridium difficile: changing epidemiology and new treatment options. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 20(4):376-383. (s)
9. McDonald, L.C., Owings, M., and D.B. Jernigan. 2006. Clostridium difficile infection in patients discharged from US short-stay hospitals, 1996-2003. Emerg. Infect. Dis . 12(3):409-415. (s)
10. McFarland, L.V., Beneda, H.W., Clarridge, J.E., and G.J. Raugi. 2007. Implications of the changing face of Clostridium difficile disease for health care practitioners. Am. J. Infect. Cont. 35(4):237-253. (s)
11. Miller, M.A., Hyland, M., Ofner-Agostini, M., Gourdeau, M., and M. Ishak. 2002. Canadian Hospital Epidemiology Committee. Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program. Morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden of nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in Canadian hospitals. Inf. Cont. Hosp. Epidemiol. 23(3):137-140. (s)
12. Musher, D.M., Aslam, S., Logan, N., Nallacheru, S., Bhaila, I., Borchert, F., and R.J. Hamill. 2005. Relatively poor outcome after treatment of Clostridium difficile colitis with metronidazole. Clin. Inf. Dis. 40:1586-1590. (s)
13. Musher, D.M., Logan, N., and V. Mehendiratta, et al. 2007. Clostridium difficile colitis that fails conventional metronidazole therapy: response to nitazoxanide. J. Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 59:705-710. (s)
14. Oldfield, E.C. 2006. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: resurgence with a vengeance. Rev. Gastroenterol. Disord. 6(2):79-96. (s)
15. Pepin, J., Alary, M.E., and L. Valiquette, et al. 2005. Increasing risk of relapse after treatment of Clostridium difficile colitis in Quebec, Canada. Clin. Inf. Dis. 40:1591-1597. (s)
16. PHC4 Research Brief. Clostridium difficile Infections in Pennsylvania Hospitals, Issue No. 11, May 2007. (s)
17. Price, M., Dao-Tran, T., and K. Garey, et al. 2007. Epidemiology and incidence of Clostridiumdifficile-associated diarrhea diagnosed upon admission to a university hospital. J. Hosp. Inf. 65: 42-46. (s)
18. Stone, S., Beric, V., and A. Quick, et al. 1998. The effect of an enhanced infection-control policy on the incidence of Clostridium difficile infection and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in acute elderly medical patients. Age and Ageing. 27: 561-568. (s)