Nanotechnology and MRI contrast enhancement

Future Medicinal Chemistry

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 491-502

  Matson, Michael L ^a   Wilson, Lon J ^a  

^a RICE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONTRAST MEDIUM; FERUCARBOTRAN; FULLERENE DERIVATIVE; GADOFULLERENE; GADOLINIUM PENTETATE; GADONANOTUBE; SINGLE WALLED NANOTUBE; SMALL PARTICLE OF IRON OXIDE; SUPERPARAMAGNETIC IRON OXIDE; ULTRASMALL SUPERPARAMAGNETIC IRON OXIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MAGNETIC FIELD; NANOANALYSIS; NANOTECHNOLOGY; NONHUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PARTICLE SIZE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

ANIMALS; CELL LINE, TUMOR; CONTRAST MEDIA; FERRIC COMPOUNDS; FULLERENES; GADOLINIUM; HUMANS; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NANOTECHNOLOGY; NANOTUBES, CARBON; PARTICLE SIZE;

EID: 77953376678     PISSN: 17568919     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4155/fmc.10.3     Document Type: Review

References (95)

1. Leff HS, Rex AF. Maxwell's demon 2: entropy, classical and quantum information, computing Institute of Physics, Bristol, PA, USA (2003).
2. Muller EW Study of atomic structure of metal surfaces in the field ion microscope. J. Appl. Phys. 28, 1-6 (1957).
3. Eigler DM, Schweizer EK. Positioning single atoms with a scanning tunneling microscope. Nature344, 524-526 (1990).
4. Ferrari M. Cancer nanotechnology: opportunities and challenges. Nat. Rev. Cancer 5, 161-171 (2005).
5. Hartman KB, Laus S, Bolskar RD et al. Gadonanotubes as ultrasensitive pH-smart probes for magnetic resonance imaging. Nano. Lett. 8, 415-419(2008).
6. Hämisch Y. Molecular Imaging with PET: new insights into the molecular basis of health and disease. Medicamundi 47, 18-27 (2003).
7. Mansson SB. Physical principles of magnetic imaging by nuclear magnetic resonance. In: The Chemistry of Contrast Agents in Medical Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Merbach A, Toth E (Eds). John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, 1-43 (2001).
8. de Bazelaire CM, Duhamel GD, Rofsky NM, Alsop DC. MR imaging relaxation times of abdominal and pelvic tissues measured in vivo at 3.0 T: preliminary results. Radiology 230, 652-659 (2004).
9. Hendrick RE, Haacke EM. Basic physics of MR contrast agents and maximization of image-contrast. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging3, 137-148 (1993).
10. Bean CP, Livingston JD. Superparamagnetism. J. Appl. Phys. 30, 120-129 (1959).
11. Cacheris WP, Quay SC, Rocklage SM. The relationship between thermodynamics and the toxicity of gadolinium complexes. Magn. Reson. Imaging 8, 467-481 (1990).
12. Olsvik O, Popovic T, Skjerve E et al. Magnetic separation techniques in diagnostic microbiology. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 7, 43-54 (1994).
13. Månsson S. Physical principles of magnetic imaging by nuclear magnetic resonance. In: The Chemistry of Contrast Agents in Medical Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Mierbach A, Toth E (Eds). Wiley, NY, USA, 1-43 (2001).
14. Bulte JWM, Kraitchman DL. Iron oxide MR contrast agents for molecular and cellular imaging. NMR Biomed. 17, 484-499 (2004).
15. Liu W, Frank JA. Detection and quantification of magnetically labeled cells by cellular MRI. Eur. J Radiol. 70, 258-264 (2009).
16. Ferrucci JT, Stark DD. Iron-oxide enhanced. MR-imaging of the liver and spleen-review of the 1st-5 years. Am. J. Roentgenol. 155, 943-950 (1990).
17. Pratten MK, Lloyd JB. Pinocytosis and phagocytosis - the effect of size of a particulate substrate on its mode of capture by rat peritoneal-macrophages cultured in vitro. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 88.1, 307-313 (1986).
18. Rogers WJ, Basu P. Factors regulating macrophage endocytosis of nanoparticles: implications for targeted magnetic resonance plaque imaging. Atherosclerosis 178, 67-73 (2005).
19. Weissleder R, Stark DD, Engelstad BL et al. Superparamagnetic iron-oxide pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Am. J. Roentgenol. 152, 167-173 (1989).
20. Saini S, Stark DD, Hahn PF et al. Ferrite particles - a superparamagnetic MR contrast agent for enhanced detection of livercarcinoma. Radiology 162, 217-222 (1987).
21. Lu AH, Salabas EL, Schuth F. Magnetic nanoparticles: Synthesis, protection, functionalization, and application. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 46, 1222-1244 (2007).
22. Patri A, Dobrovolskaia M, Stern S, McNeil S. Preclinical characterization of engineered nanoparticles intended for cancer therapeutics. In: Nanotechnology for cancer therapy. Arniji MM (Ed.). CRC/Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, USA, 817 (2007).
23. Stark DD, Weissleder R, Elizondo G et al. Superparamagnetic iron-oxide - clinicalapplication as a contrast agent for MR imaging of the liver. Radiology 168, 297-301 (1988).
24. Reimer P, Balzer T. Ferucarbotran (Resovist): a new clinically approved RES-specific contrast agent for contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver: properties, clinical development, and applications. Eur. Radiol. 13, 1266-1276 (2003).
25. Gruttner C, Teller J. New types of silicafortified magnetic nanoparticles as tools for molecular biology applications. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 194, 8-15 (1999).
26. Taupitz M, Wagner S, Schnorr J. Phase I clinical evaluation of citrate-coated monocrystalline very small superparamagnetic iron oxide particles as a new contrast medium, for magnetic resonance imaging. Invest. Radiol. 39, 625-625 (2004).
27. Li W, Tutton S, Vu AT et al. First-pass contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in humans using ferumoxytol, a novel ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO)-based blood pool agent. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging21, 46-52 (2005).
28. Schulze E, Ferrucci JT, Poss K, Lapointe L, Bogdanova A, Weissleder R. Cellular uptake arid trafficking of a prototypical magnetic iron-oxide label in-vitro. Invest. Radiol. 30, 604-610 (1995).
29. Huang HC, Chang PY, Chang K et al. Formulation of novel lipid-coated magnetic nanoparticles as the probe for in vivo imaging. J. Biomed. Sci. 16(1), 86 (2009).
30. Kim D, Hong KS, Song J. The present status of cell tracking methods in animal models using magnetic resonance imaging technology. Mol. Cell23, 132-137 (2007).
31. Vogl TJ, Hammerstingl R, Schwarz W et al. Superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced versus gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging for differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions. Radiology 198, 881-887 (1996).
32. Zheng WW, Zhou KR, Chen ZW Shen JZ, Chen CZ, Zhang SJ. Characterization of focal hepatic lesions with SPIO-enhanced MRI. World J. Gastroenterol. 8, 82-86 (2002).
33. Harisinghani MG, Saini S, Weissleder R et al. MR lymphangiography using ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide in patients with primary abdominal and pelvic malignancies: radiographie-pathologie correlation. Am. J. Roentgenol. 172, 1347-1351 (1999).
34. Michel SCA, Keller TM, Frohlich JM et al. Preoperative breast cancer staging: MR imaging of the axilla with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide enhancement. Radiology 225, 527 536 (2002).
35. Lee JM, Kim IH, Kwak HS, Youk JH, Han YM, Kim CS. Detection of small hypervascular hepatocellular carcinomas in cirrhotic patients: comparison of superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR imaging with dual-phase spiral CT. Korean J. Radiol. 4, 1-8 (2003).
36. Tanimoto A, Wakabayashi G, Shinmoto H, Nakatsuka S, Okuda S, Kuribayashi S. Superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR imaging for focal hepatic lesions: a comparison with CT during arterioportography plus CT during hepatic arteriography. J. Gastroenterol. 40, 371-380 (2005).
37. Nakamura H, Ito N, Kotake F, Mizokami Y, Matsuoka T Tumor-detecting capacity and clinical usefulness of SPIO-MRI in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J. Gastroenterol. 35, 849-855 (2000).
38. Kudo M. Imaging diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and premalignant/borderline lesions. Semin. LiverDis. 19, 297-309 (1999).
39. Araki T. SPIO-MRI in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. J. Gastroenterol. 35, 874-876 (2000).
40. Rappeport ED, Loft. A, Berthelsen AK et al. Contrast-enhanced FDG-PET/CT vs. SPIO-enhanced MRI vs. FDG-PET vs. CT in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer: a prospective study with intraoperative confirmation. Acta Radiol. 48, 369-378 (2007).
41. Rogers WJ, Meyer CH, Kramer CM. Technology insight: in vivo cell tracking by use of MRI. Nat. Clin. Pract. Cardiovasc. Med. 3, 554-562 (2006).
42. Krejci. J, Pachernik J, Hampl A, Dvorak P. In vitro labelling of mouse embryonic stem cells with SPIO nanoparticles. Gen. Physiol. Biophys. 27, 164-173 (2008).
43. Gao J. MRI-visible micellar nanomedicine for targeted drug delivery to lung cancer cells. Mol. Pharm. 7(1), 32-40 (2010).
44. Huang H, Xie Q, Kang M et al. Labeling transplanted mice islet with polyvinylpyrrolidone coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for in vivo detection by magnetic resonance imaging. Nanotechnology 20, 365101 (2009).
45. Mulder WJM, Strijkers GJ, van Tilborg GAF, Griffioen AW, Nicolay K. Lipid-based nanoparticles for contrast-enhanced MRI and molecular imaging. NMR Biomed. 19, 142-164 (2006).
46. Tang Z, Lin N, Fang H et al. MRI tracking of the fate of intravascularly injected and SPIO-labeled rat mesenchymal stem cells in the livers of rats with hepatic fibrosis. Dig. Dis. Sci. DOI: 10.1007/s10620-009-0921-2 (2009) (Epub ahead of print).
47. Sykova E, Jendelova P. In vivo tracking of stem cells in brain and spinal cord injury. Prog. Brain Res. 161, 367-383(2007).
48. Nowacek A, Gendelman HE. NanoART, neuroAIDS and CNS drug delivery. Nanomed. A, 557-574 (2009).
49. Toma A, Otsuji E, Kuriu Y et al. Monoclonal antibody A7-superparamagnetic iron oxide as contrast agent of MR imaging of rectal carcinoma. Br. J. Cancer 93, 131-136 (2005).
50. Tsourkas A, Shinde-Patil VR, Kelly KA et al. In vivo imaging of activated endothelium using an anti-VCAM-1 magnetooptical probe. Bioconjug. Chem. 16, 576-581 (2005).
51. Bos C, Delmas Y, Desmouliere A et al. In vivo MR imaging of intravascularly injected magnetically labeled mesenchymal stem cells in rat kidney and liver. Radiology 233, 781-789 (2004).
52. Frank JA, Miller BR, Arbab AS et al. Clinically applicable labeling of mammalian and stem cells by combining superparamagnetic iron oxides and transfection agents. Radiology 229, 610-610 (2003).
53. Kawahara I, Nakamoto M, Kitagawa N et al. Potential of magnetic resonance plaque imaging using superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide for the detection of carotid plaque. Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) 48, 157-162 (2008).
54. Marzelli M, Fischer K, Kim YB et al. Composite MR contrast agents for conditional cell-labeling. Int. J. Imaging Syst. Technol. 18, 79-84 (2008).
55. Yang F, Gu AY, Chen ZP, Gu N, Ji M. Multiple emulsion microbubbles for ultrasound imaging. Mater. Lett. 62, 121-124 (2008).
56. Ji XJ, Shao RP, Elliott AM et al. Bifunctional gold nanoshells with a superparamagnetic iron oxide-silica core suitable for both MR imaging and photothermal therapy. J. Phys. Chem. C Nanomater. Interfaces 111, 6245-6251 (2007).
57. Stuber M, Gilson WD, Schar M et al. Positive contrast visualization of iron oxide-labeled stem cells using inversion-recovery with ON-Resonant water suppression (IRON). Magn. Reson. Med. 58, 1072-1077 (2007).
58. Zurkiya O, Hu XP. Off-resonance saturation as a means of generating contrast with superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Magn. Reson. Med. 56, 726-732 (2006).
59. Kroto HW, Heath JR, Obrien SC, Curl RF, S mal ley RE. C-60 - buckminsterfullerene. Nature 318, 162-163 (1985).
60. Heath JR, Obrien SC, Zhang Q et al. Lanthanum complexes of spheroidal carbon shells. J. Am. Chem, Soc. 107, 7779-7780 (1985).
61. Laus S, Sitharaman B, Toth E et al. Understanding paramagnetic relaxation phenomena for water-soluble gadofullerenes. J. Phys. Chem. C Nanomater. Interfaces 111, 5633-5639 (2007).
62. Toth E, Bolskar RD, Borel A et al. Watersoluble gadofullerenes: Toward highrelaxivity, pH-responsive MRI contrast agents. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 799-805 (2005).
63. Bertini I, Galas O, Luchinat C, Parigi G. Computer-program for the calculation of paramagnetic enhancements nuclearrelaxation rates in slowly rotating systems. J. Magn. Reson. A 113, 151-158 (1995).
64. 2)]10 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 9368-9369 (2005).
65. Sitharaman B, Tran LA, Pham QP et al. Gadofullerenes as nanoscale magnetic labels for cellular MRI. Contrast Media Mol. Imaging 2, 139-146 (2007).
66. 80. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 12776-12777 (2005).
67. 80. J. Phys. Chem. B. 110, 23637-23640 (2006).
68. 80. Chem. Commun. 2814-2815 (2004).
69. MacFarland DK, Walker KL, Lenk RP et al. Hydrochalarones: a novel endohedral metallofullerene platform for enhancing magnetic resonance imaging contrast. J. Med. Chem. 51, 3681-3683 (2008).
70. Chen Z, Fatouros PP, Corwin FD, Broaddus WC, Dom HC. In vitro and in vivo imaging studies of a new gadolinium endohedral metallofullerene MRI contrast agent. Neuro. Oncol. 8, 492-492(2006).
71. Fatouros PP, Corwin FD, Chen ZJ et al. In vitro and in vivo imaging studies of a new endohedral metallofullerene nanoparticle. Radiology 240, 756-764 (2006).
72. Rinzler AG, Liu J, Dai H et al. Large-scale purification of single-wall carbon nanotubes: process, product, and characterization. Appl. Phys. A Mater. Sci. Processing 67, 29-37 (1998).
73. Journet C, Maser WK, Bernier P et al. Large-scale production of single-walled carbon nanotubes by the electric-arc technique. Nature 388, 756-758 (1997).
74. Nikolaev P, Bronikowski MJ, Bradley RK et al. Gas-phase catalytic growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes from carbon monoxide. Chem. Phys. Lett. 313, 91-97 (1999).
75. Gu Z, Peng H, Hauge RH, Smalley RE, Margrave JL. Cutting single-wall carbon nanotubes through fluorination. Nano. Lett. 2, 1009-1013 (2002).
76. Ashcroft JM, Hartman KB, Kissell KR et al. Single-molecule I-2@US tube nanocapsules: a new X-ray contrast-agent design. Adv. Mater. 19, 573 (2007).
77. Hartman KB, Hamlin DK, Wilbur DS, Wilson LJ. (AtCl)-At-211@US tube nanocapsules: a new concept in radiotherapeutic-agent design. Small 3, 1496-1499 (2007).
78. Sitharaman B, Kissell KR, Hartman KB et al. Superparamagnetic gadonanotubes are high-performance MRI contrast agents. Chem. Commun. 3915-3917 (2005).
79. 2-weighted MRI contrast agents. J. Phys. Chem. C DOI: 10.1021/jp907891.n (2009) (Epub ahead of print).
80. Sithararman B, Wilson LJ. Gadonanotubes as new high-performance MRI contrast agents. Int. J Nanomed. 1, 291-295 (2006).
81. Tannock IF, Rotin D. Acid pH in tumors and its potential for Therapeutic exploitation. JBR-BTR. 49, 4373-4384 (1989).
82. Striolo A. The mechanism of water diffusion in narrow carbon nanotubes. Nano. Lett. 6, 633-639 (2006).
83. Jankovski A, Raftopoulos C, Vaz G et al. Intra-operative MRI at 3T: short report. JBR-BTR. 90, 249-251 (2007).
84. McDermott R, Lee SK, ten Haken B, Trabesinger AH, Pines A, Clarke J. Microtesla MRI with a superconducting quantum interference device. Proc. NatlAcad. SCi. USA 101, 7857-7861 (2004).
85. Mansfield P. Snapshot magnetic resonance imaging (nobel lecture). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 43, 5456-5464 (2004).
86. Mackeyev Y, Hartman KB, Ananta JS, Lee AVi, Wilson LJ. Catalytic synthesis of amino acid and peptide derivatized gadonanotubes. J.Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 8342 (2009).
87. Langer M, Kratz F, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Wunderli-Allenspach H, Beck-Sickinger AG. Novel peptide conjugates for tumor-specific chemotherapy. J. Med. Chem. 44, 1341-1348 (2001).
88. Hassan AA, Chan BT, Tran LA et al. Serine-derivatized gadonanotubes as magnetic nanoprobes for intracellular labeling. Contrast Media MoI. Imaging DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.293 (2009) (Epub ahead of print).
89. Grobner T. Gadolinium - a specific trigger for the development of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis? Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 21, 1104-1108(2006).
90. Grobner T, Prischl FC. Gadolinium and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Kidney Int. 72, 260-264 (2007).
91. High WA, Ayers RA, Chandler J, Zito G, Cowper SE. Gadolinium, is detectable within the tissue of patients with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 56, 21-26 (2007).
92. Thakral C, Abraham JL. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: histology and gadolinium detection. Radiol. Clin. North Am. 47, 841-846 (2009).
93. Todd DJ, Kagan A, Chibnik LB, Kay J. Cutaneous changes of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis - Predictor of early mortality and association with gadolinium exposure. Arthritis Rheum. 56, 3433-3441 (2007).
94. Winter TC, Freeny PC, Nghiem HV et al. MR-Imaging with IV-superparamagnetic iron-oxide-efficacy in the detection of focal hepatic-lesions. Am. J. Roentgenol. 161, 1191-1198 (1993).
95. Latest IMV market report shows MRI procedure growth slowing to 3% per year. IMV Technologies. Press Release (2008). www.imvinfo.com/index.asp?Sec= abt&Sub= prs&Pag=dis&ItemId=200242