Logical-Rule Models of Classification Response Times: A Synthesis of Mental-Architecture, Random-Walk, and Decision-Bound Approaches

Psychological Review

Volumn 117, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 309-348

  Fific, Mario ^a   Little, Daniel R ^b   Nosofsky, Robert M ^b  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT   (Germany)

^b INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

classification; response times; rules

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; COGNITION; DECISION MAKING; HUMAN; LOGIC; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; REACTION TIME; WALKING;

COGNITION; DECISION MAKING; HUMANS; LOGIC; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; REACTION TIME; WALKING;

EID: 77953141218     PISSN: 0033295X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0018526     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Ashby F.G. A stochastic version of general recognition theory. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 44 (2000) 310-329
2. Ashby F.G., Alfonso-Reese L.A., Turken A.U., and Waldron E.M. A neuropsychological theory of multiple systems in category learning. Psychological Review 105 (1998) 442-481
3. Ashby F.G., Boynton G., and Lee W.W. Categorization response time with multidimensional stimuli. Perception & Psychophysics 55 (1994) 11-27
4. Ashby F.G., Ennis J.M., and Spiering B.J. A neurobiological theory of automaticity in perceptual categorization. Psychological Review 114 (2007) 632-656
5. Ashby F.G., and Gott R.E. Decision rules in the perception and categorization of multidimensional stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 14 (1988) 33-53
6. Ashby F.G., and Maddox W.T. A response time theory of separability and integrality in speeded classification. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 38 (1994) 423-466
7. Ashby F.G., and Maddox W.T. Human category learning. Annual Review of Psychology 56 (2005) 149-178
8. Ashby F.G., and Townsend J.T. Varieties of perceptual independence. Psychological Review 93 (1986) 154-179
9. Bourne L.E. Knowing and using concepts. Psychological Review 77 (1970) 546-556
10. Brooks L.R., Norman G.R., and Allen S.W. Role of specific similarity in a medical diagnostic task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 120 (1991) 278-287
11. Busemeyer J.R. Decision making under uncertainty: A comparison of simple scalability, fixed-sample, and sequential-sampling models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 11 (1985) 538-564
12. Cohen A.L., and Nosofsky R.M. An extension of the exemplar-based random-walk model to separable-dimension stimuli. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 47 (2003) 150-165
13. Cousineau D., and Shiffrin R.M. Termination of a visual search with large display size effects. Spatial Vision 17 (2004) 327-352
14. Diederich A., and Colonius H. A further test of the superposition model for the redundant-signals effect in bimodal detection. Perception & Psychophysics 50 (1991) 83-86
15. Erickson M.A., and Kruschke J.K. Rules and exemplars in category learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 127 (1998) 107-140
16. Feldman J. Minimization of Boolean complexity in human concept learning. Nature 407 (2000, October 5) 630-633
17. Fific M., Nosofsky R.M., and Townsend J.T. Information-processing architectures in multidimensional classification: A validation test of the systems-factorial technology. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 34 (2008) 356-375
18. Garner W.R. The processing of information and structure (1974), Erlbaum, Potomac, MD
19. Goldstone R.L., Medin D.L., and Gentner D. Relational similarity and the nonindependence of features in similarity judgments. Cognitive Psychology 23 (1991) 222-264
20. Goodman N.D., Tenenbaum J.B., Feldman J., and Griffiths T.L. A rational analysis of rule-based concept learning. Cognitive Science 32 (2008) 108-154
21. Heathcote A., and Brown S. Reply to Speckman and Rouder: A theoretical basis for QML. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 11 (2004) 577-578
22. Heathcote A., Brown S., and Mewhort D.J.K. Quantile maximum likelihood estimation of response time distributions. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 9 (2002) 394-401
23. Hintzman D.L. "Schema abstraction" in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review 93 (1986) 411-428
24. Hockley W.E. Analysis of response time distributions in the study of cognitive processes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 10 (1984) 598-615
25. Hooke R., and Jeeves T.A. Direct search solution of numerical and statistical problems. Journal of the ACM 8 (1961) 212-229
26. Hunt E., Marin J., and Stone P. Experiments in induction (1966), Academic Press, New York, NY
27. Johansen M.K., and Palmeri T.J. Are there representational shifts during category learning?. Cognitive Psychology 45 (2002) 482-553
28. Kantowitz B.H. Human information processing: Tutorials in performance and cognition (1974), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ
29. Lafond D., Lacouture Y., and Cohen A.L. Decision tree models of categorization response times, choice proportions, and typicality judgments. Psychological Review 116 (2009) 833-855
30. Lamberts K. Categorization under time pressure. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 124 (1995) 161-180
31. Lamberts K. The time course of categorization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 24 (1998) 695-711
32. Lamberts K. Information accumulation theory of categorization. Psychological Review 107 (2000) 227-260
33. Levine M. A cognitive theory of learning: Research on hypothesis testing (1975), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ
34. Link S.W. The wave theory of difference and similarity (1992), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ
35. Logan G.D. Toward an instance theory of automatization. Psychological Review 95 (1988) 492-527
36. Logan G.D., and Klapp S.T. Automatizing alphabet arithmetic: I. Is extended practice necessary to produce automaticity?. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 17 (1991) 179-195
37. Luce R.D. Response times: Their role in inferring elementary mental organization (1986), Oxford University Press, New York, NY
38. Maddox W.T., and Ashby F.G. Comparing decision bound and exemplar models of classification. Perception & Psychophysics 53 (1993) 49-70
39. Medin D.L., and Schaffer M.M. Context theory of classification learning. Psychological Review 85 (1978) 207-238
40. Miller J. Divided attention: Evidence for coactivation with redundant signals. Cognitive Psychology 14 (1982) 247-279
41. Mordkoff J.T., and Yantis S. An interactive race model of divided attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 17 (1991) 520-538
42. Mordkoff J.T., and Yantis S. Dividing attention between color and shape: Evidence of coactivation. Perception & Psychophysics 53 (1993) 357-366
43. Murphy G., and Medin D.L. The role of theories in conceptual coherence. Psychological Review 92 (1985) 289-316
44. Myung J., Navarro D., and Pitt M. Model selection by normalized maximum likelihood. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 50 (2006) 167-179
45. Neisser U., and Weene P. Hierarchies in concept attainment. Journal of Experimental Psychology 64 (1962) 640-645
46. Nosofsky R.M. Attention, similarity, and the identification-categorization relationship. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 115 (1986) 39-57
47. Nosofsky R.M., Clark S.E., and Shin H.J. Rules and exemplars in categorization, identification, and recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 15 (1989) 282-304
48. Nosofsky R.M., and Johansen M.K. Exemplar-based accounts of multiple-system phenomena in perceptual categorization. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 7 (2000) 375-402
49. Nosofsky R.M., and Palmeri T.J. Comparing exemplar-retrieval and decision-bound models of speeded perceptual classification. Perception & Psychophysics 59 (1997) 1027-1048
50. Nosofsky R.M., and Palmeri T.J. An exemplar-based random walk model of speeded classification. Psychological Review 104 (1997) 266-300
51. Nosofsky R.M., Palmeri T.J., and McKinley S.C. Rule-plus-exception model of classification learning. Psychological Review 101 (1994) 53-79
52. Nosofsky R.M., and Stanton R.D. Speeded classification in a probabilistic category structure: Contrasting exemplar-retrieval, decision-boundary, and prototype models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 31 (2005) 608-629
53. Palmer, J., & McLean, J. (1995). Imperfect, unlimited-capacity, parallel search yields large set-size effects. Presentation at the 1995 meeting of the Society of Mathematical Psychology, Irvine, CA.
54. Palmeri T.J. Exemplar similarity and the development of automaticity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 23 (1997) 324-354
55. Pazzani M.J. Influence of prior knowledge on concept acquisition: Experimental and computation results. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 17 (1991) 416-432
56. Posner M.I., and Keele S.W. On the genesis of abstract ideas. Journal of Experimental Psychology 77 (1968) 353-363
57. Ratcliff R. A theory of memory retrieval. Psychological Review 85 (1978) 59-108
58. Ratcliff R. Methods of dealing with reaction time outliers. Psychological Bulletin 114 (1993) 510-532
59. Ratcliff R., and McKoon G. The diffusion decision model: Theory and data for two-choice decision tasks. Neural Computation 20 (2008) 873-922
60. Ratcliff R., and Murdock Jr. B.B. Retrieval processes in recognition memory. Psychological Review 83 (1976) 190-214
61. Ratcliff R., and Rouder J.N. Modeling response times for two-choice decisions. Psychological Science 9 (1998) 347-356
62. Ratcliff R., and Smith P. A comparison of sequential sampling models for two-choice reaction time. Psychological Review 111 (2004) 333-367
63. Ratcliff R., Van Zandt T., and McKoon G. Connectionist and diffusion models of reaction time. Psychological Review 106 (1999) 261-300
64. Rosch E.H. Natural categories. Cognitive Psychology 4 (1973) 328-350
65. Rouder J.N., and Ratcliff R. Comparing categorization models. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 133 (2004) 63-82
66. Schweickert R. Information, time, and the structure of mental events: A twenty-five year review. In: Meyer D.E., and Kornblum S. (Eds). Attention and performance: Vol. 14. Synergies in experimental psychology, artificial intelligence, and cognitive neuroscience-A silver jubilee (1992), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 535-566
67. Schyns P.G., Goldstone R.L., and Thibaut J.-P. The development of features in object concepts. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (1998) 1-54
68. Shepard R.N. Attention and the metric structure of the stimulus space. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 1 (1964) 54-87
69. Speckman P.L., and Rouder J.N. A Comment on Heathcote, Brown, and Mewhort's QMLE method for response time distributions. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 11 (2004) 574-576
70. Sperling G., and Weichselgartner E. Episodic theory of the dynamics of spatial attention. Psychological Review 102 (1995) 503-532
71. Sternberg S. Memory scanning: Mental processes revealed by reaction-time experiments. American Scientist 4 (1969) 421-457
72. Stewart N., Brown G.D.A., and Chater N. Sequence effects in categorization of simple perceptual stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 28 (2002) 3-11
73. Thomas R.D. Processing time predictions of current models of perception in the classic additive factors paradigm. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 50 (2006) 441-455
74. Thornton T.L., and Gilden D.L. Parallel and serial processes in visual search. Psychological Review 114 (2007) 71-103
75. Townsend J.T. Uncovering mental processes with factorial experiments. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 28 (1984) 363-400
76. Townsend J.T., and Ashby F.G. The stochastic modeling of elementary psychological processes (1983), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England
77. Townsend J.T., and Nozawa G. Spatio-temporal properties of elementary perception: An investigation of parallel, serial, and coactive theories. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 39 (1995) 321-359
78. Townsend J.T., and Thomas R.D. Stochastic dependencies in parallel and serial models: Effects on systems factorial interactions. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 38 (1994) 1-34
79. Trabasso T., and Bower G.H. Attention in learning: Theory and research (1968), Wiley, New York, NY
80. Trabasso T., Rollins H., and Shaughnessy E. Storage and verification stages in processing concepts. Cognitive Psychology 2 (1971) 239-289
81. Wasserman L. Bayesian model selection and model averaging. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 44 (2000) 92-107