Low noise receivers based on superconducting niobium nitride hot electron bolometer mixers from 0.65 to 3.1 terahertz

IEICE Transactions on Electronics

Volumn E93-C, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 473-479

  Liang, Min ^a   Chen, Jian ^a   Kang, Lin ^a   Jin, Biaobing ^a   Xu, Weiwei ^a   Wu, Peiheng ^a  

^a NANJING UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Hot electron bolometer (HEB); Receiver noise temperature; Superconducting heterodyne mixer; Terahertz (THZ)

Indexed keywords

ANTENNAS; HOT ELECTRONS; INFRARED DETECTORS; MIXERS (MACHINERY); NIOBIUM; NITRIDES; QUANTUM NOISE;

EXCESS-QUANTUM NOISE; HETERODYNE MIXERS; HIGH-RESISTIVITY SI SUBSTRATES; HOT ELECTRON BOLOMETER; HOT ELECTRON BOLOMETER MIXER; RECEIVER NOISE TEMPERATURES; TEMPERATURE RESOLUTION; TERAHERTZ;

BOLOMETERS;

EID: 77953001793     PISSN: 09168524     EISSN: 17451353     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1587/transele.E93.C.473     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. J. Kawamura, J. Chen, D. Miller, J. Kooi, J. Zmuidzinas, B. Bumble, H.G. LeDuc, and J.A. Stern, "Low-noise submillimeter-wave NbTiN superconducting tunnel junction mixers," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.75, no.25, pp.4013-4015, 1999. (Pubitemid 129564953)
2. A. Karpov, D. Miller, F. Rice, J.A. Stern, B. Bumble, H.G. LeDuc, and J. Zmuidzinas, "Low-noise 1-1.4 THz mixers using Nb/Al- AlN/NbTiN SIS junctions," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol.17, no.2, pp.343-346, 2007. (Pubitemid 47165942)
3. A.D. Semenov, G.N. Gol'tsman, and R. Sobolewski, "Hot-electron effect in superconductors and its applications for radiation sensors," Supercond. Sci. Technol., vol.15, pp.R1-R16, 2002. (Pubitemid 34452677)
4. A.D. Semenov, H. Richter, H.W. Hubers, B. Günther, A. Smirnov, K.S. Il'in, M. Siegel, and J.P. Karamarkovic, "Terahertz performance of integrated lens antennas with a hot-electron bolometer," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol.55, no.2, pp.239-247, 2007. (Pubitemid 46374439)
5. H. Richter, A.D. Semenov, S.G. Pavlov, L. Mahler, A. Tredicucci, H.E. Beere, D.A. Ritchie, K.S. Il'in, M. Siegel, and H.-W. Hubers, "Terahertz heterodyne receiver with quantum cascade laser and hot electron bolometer mixer in a pilse tube coller," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.93, 141108, 2008.
6. S. Cherednichenko, V. Drakinskiy, T. Berg, P. Khosropanah, and E. Kollberg, "Hot-electron bolometer terahertz mixers for the herschel space observatory," Rev. Sci. Instruments, vol.79, p.034501, 2008. (Pubitemid 351469774)
7. J.J.A. Baselmans, M. Hajenius, J.R. Gao, T.M. Klapwijk, P.A.J. de Korte, B. Voronov, and G. Gol'tsman, "Double of sensitivity and bandwidth in phonon cooled hot electron bolometer mixers," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.84, no.11, pp.1958-1960, 2004.
8. J.J.A. Baselmans, A. Baryshev, S.F. Reker, M. Hajenius, J.R. Gao, T.M. Klapwijk, Yu. Vachtomin, S. Maslennikov, S. Antipov, B. Voronov, and G. Gol'tsman, "Direct detection effect in small volume hot electron bolometer mixers," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol.86, p.163503, 2005.
9. P.H. Siegel, "Terahertz Technology," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol.50, no.3, pp.910-928, 2002.
10. http://herschel.esac.esa.int/home.shtml
11. P.H. Wu, L. Kang, Y. Chen, J. Sun, J. Chen, and S. Zhao, "Fabrication and characterization of NbN/AlN/NbN junction on MgO(001) and AlN/NbN bilayer on MgO(111) substrates," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol.15, no.2, pp.209-211, 2005. (Pubitemid 40964354)
12. J.D. Dyson, "The equiangular spiral antenna," IRE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol.AP-7, pp.181-187, 1959.
13. A.R. Kerr, "Suggestions for revised definitions of noise quantities, including quantum effects," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol.47, no.3, pp.325-329, 1999.
14. H. Ekstrom, B.S. Karasik, E.L. Kollberg, and K.S. Yngvesson, "Coversion gain and noise ofniobium superconducting hot-electron- mixers," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol.43, no.4, pp.938-947, 1995.
15. S. Cherednichenko, M. Kroug, H. Merkel, P. Khosropanah, A. Adam, E. Kollberg, D. Loudkov, G. Gol'tsman, B. Voronov, H. Richter, and H.-W. Huebers, "1.6 THz heterodyne receiver for the far infrared space telescope," Physica C, vol.372-376, pp.427-431, 2002. (Pubitemid 34862642)
16. H.F. Merkel, P. Khosropanah, D.W. Floet, P.A. Yagoubov, and E.L. Kollberg, "Conversion gain and fluctuation noise of phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometers in hot-spot regime," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol.48, no.4, pp.690-699, 2000.
17. E.L. Kollberg and K.S. Yngvesson, "Quantum-noise theory for terahertz hot electron bolometer mixers," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol.54, no.5, pp.2077-2089, 2006. (Pubitemid 43753930)
18. H.F. Merkel, P. Khosropanah, S. Cherednichenko, and E. Kollberg, "Comparison of the noise performance of NbTiN and NbN hot electron bolometer heterodyne mixers at THz frequencies," Proc. 14th Int. Space Terahertz Technol. Symp., Tucson, AZ, pp.31-32, 2003.
19. H.F. Merkel, S. Cherednichenko, P. Khosropanah, T. Ottoson, J. Baubert, and E. Kollberg, "Hot electron bolometer development at chalmers university of technology," Proc. SPIE, vol.5498, pp.149-157, 2004. (Pubitemid 40155776)
20. P. Khosropanah, H. Merkel, S. Yngvesson, A. Adam, S. Cherednichenko, and E. Kollberg, "A distributed device model for phonon-cooled HEB mixers predicting IV characteristics, gain and noise," Proc. 11th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, pp.474-488, 2000.
21. D.W. Allan, "Statistics of atomic frequency standards," Proc. IEEE, vol.54, pp.221-230, 1966.
22. S. Ryabchun, C.E. T.S. Paine, Y. Lobanov, R. Blundell, and G.N. Gol'tsman, "Temperature resolution of an HEB receiver at 810 GHz," IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., vol.19, no.3, pp.293-296, 2009.