Mumbling is macho: Phonetic distinctiveness in the speech of American radio DJs

American Speech

Volumn 85, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 67-90

  Heffernan, Kevin ^a  

^a KWANSEI GAKUIN UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77952402909     PISSN: 00031283     EISSN: 15272133     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1215/00031283-2010-003     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, ed. Jürgen Trouvain and William J. Barry, 849-852 Saarbrücken, Germany: Univ. des Saarlandes
2. Bauer, Matt. 2005. "Lenition of the Flap in American English." In "Papers from NWAVE 32," ed. Maciej Baranowski, Uri Horesh, Keelan Evans, and Giang Nguyen, 31-43. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics 10.2
3. Bell, Allan. 1982. "Radio: The Style of News Language." Journal of Communication 32.1: 150-164
4. Bergem, Dick R. van. 1993. "Acoustic Vowel Reduction as a Function of Sentence Accent, Word Stress, and Word Class." Speech Communication 12: 1-23
5. Blandon, R. A. W., C. G. Henton, and J. B. Pickering. 1984. "Towards an Auditory Theory of Speaker Normalization." Language and Communication 4: 59-69
6. Boersma, Paul, and David Weenink. 2007. "PRAAT: Doing Phonetics by Computer." Version 4.6.20. http://www.praat.org (accessed Sept. 20)
7. Bradlow, Ann R., Gina M. Torretta, and David B. Pisoni. 1996. "Intelligibility of Normal Speech I: Global and Fine-Grained Acoustic-Phonetic Talker Characteristics." In "Acoustic Echo Control and Speech Enhancement Techniques," by André Gilloire, Eberhard Hänsler, Walter Kellerman, and Jarle Svean. Special issue, Speech Communication 20.3-4: 255-272
8. Byrd, Dani. 1994. "Relations of Sex and Dialect to Reduction." Speech Communication 15: 39-54
9. Chen, Francine Robina. 1980. "Acoustic Characteristics and Intelligibility of Clear and Conversational Speech at the Segmental Level." Master's thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Available at http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1716145
10. th annual conference on New Ways of Analyzing Variation (NWAV 36), Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 11-14
11. Clarke, Sandra. 2006. "Nooz or nyooz? The Complex Construction of Canadian Identity." Canadian Journal of Linguistics 51: 225-246
12. Coupland, Nikolas. 1985. "'Hark, Hark, the Lark': Social Motivations for Phonological Style-Shifting." Language and Communication 5: 153-171
13. 2001. "Dialect Stylization in Radio Talk." Language in Society 30: 345-375
14. Ericsdotter, Christine, and Anna M. Ericsson. 2001. "Gender Differences in Vowel Duration in Read Swedish: Preliminary Results." Lund University, Department of Linguistics Working Papers 49: 34-37. Available at http://conference.sol.lu.se/fonetik2001/proceedings/bidrag09.pdf
15. Fabricius, Anne. 2002. "Ongoing Change in Modern RP: Evidence for the Disappearing Stigma of t-Glottalling." English World-Wide 23: 115-136
16. Fant, Gunnar. 1975. "Non-Uniform Vowel Normalization." STL-QPSR 2-3: 28-52. Available at http://www.speech.kth.se/prod/publications/files/qpsr/ 1975/ 1975-16-2-3-001-019.pdf
17. th annual conference on New Ways of Analyzing Variation (NWAV 36), Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 11-14
18. th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, ed. Jürgen Trouvain and William J. Barry, 937-940 Saarbrücken, Germany: Univ. des Saarlandes
19. Fought, John. 2005. "American Varieties: Rful Southern." Do You Speak American? PBS. http://www.pbs.org/speak/seatosea/americanvarieties/ southern/
20. Fourakis, Marios. 1991. "Tempo, Stress, and Vowel Reduction in American English." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90: 1816-1827
21. Goldstein, Ursula Gisela. 1980. "An Articulatory Model for the Vocal Tracts of Growing Children." Sc.D. diss., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Available at http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/172L1/22386/ Goldstein-Ursula-ScD-1980.pdf?sequence=1
22. Gregg, R. J. 2004. "The Survey of Vancouver English 1976-1984: Methodology, Planning, Implementation, and Analysis." In The Survey of Vancouver English: A Sociolinguistic Study of Urban Canadian English, ed. Gaelan Dodds de Wolf, Margery Fee, and Janice McAlpine, 1-138. Kingston, Ont.: Strathy Language Unit, Queen's University
23. Guy, Gregory R. 1991. "Explanation in Variable Phonology: An Exponential Model of Morphological Constraints." Language Variation and Change 3: 1-22
24. Hagiwara, Robert. 2006. "Vowel Production in Winnipeg." In "Canadian English in a Global Context," ed. Peter Avery, J. K. Chambers, Alexandra D'Arcy, Elaine Gold, and Keren Rice. Special issue, Canadian Journal of Linguistics 51.2-3: 127-141
25. Henton, Caroline. 1990. "One Vowel's Life (and Death?) across Languages: The Moribundity and Prestige of /Δ/." Journal of Phonetics 18: 203-227
26. th International Congress of Phonetic .Sciences, ed. Kjell Elenius and Peter Branderud, 4: 420-423 Stockholm: Stockholm Univ
27. Horvath, Barbara M. 1985. Variation in Australian English: The Sociolects of Sydney. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press
28. Inoue, Fumiko . 1991. (Generational Differences as Seen through Male-Female Differences). (Monthly Nihong) 4.6: 14-18
29. Johnson, Keith, and Jack Martin. 2001. "Acoustic Vowel Reduction in Creek: Effects of Distinctive Length and Position in the Word." Phonetica 58: 81-102
30. Kahn, Margaret. 1975. "Arabic Emphatics: The Evidence for Cultural Determinants of Phonetic Sex-Typing." Phonetica 31: 38-50
31. Kerswill, Paul. 2003. "Dialect Levelling and Geographical Diffusion in British English." In Social Dialectology: In Honour of Peter Trudgill, ed. David Britain and Jenny Cheshire, 223-243 Amsterdam: Benjamins
32. Klatt, Dennis H. 1976. "Linguistic Uses of Segmental Duration in English: Acoustic and Perceptual Evidence." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 59: 1208-1221
33. Koenig, Laura L. 2000. "Laryngeal Factors in Voiceless Consonant Production in Men, Women, and 5-Year-Olds." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 43: 1211-1228
34. Koopmans-van Beinum, Florien J. 1973. "Comparative Phonetic Vowel Analysis." Journal of Phonetics 1: 249-261
35. Kroch, Anthony S. 1978. "Toward a Theory of Social Dialect Variation." Language in Society 7: 17-36
36. Labov, William. 1972. Sociolinguistic Patterns. Philadelphia: Univ. of Philadelphia Press
37. 1994. Principles of Linguistic Change. Vol.1, Internal Factors. Oxford: Blackwell
38. 2006. The Social Stratification of English in New York City. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press
39. Labov, William, Sharon Ash, and Charles Boberg. 2006. The Atlas of North American English: Phonetics, Phonology, and Sound Change. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
40. Lehiste, Ilse. 1970. Suprasegmentals. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press
41. st meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Boston, June 1-4
42. Max, Ludo, and Patrick Onghena. 1999. "Some Issues in the Statistical Analysis of Completely Randomized and Repeated Measures Designs for Speech, Language, and Hearing Research." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 42: 261-270
43. Milroy, Jim. 1996. "A Current Change in British English: Variation in (th) in Derby." Newcastle and Durham Papers in Linguistics 4: 213-222
44. 2003. "When Is a Sound Change? On the Role of External Factors in Language Change." In Social Dialectology: In Honour ofPeter Trudgill, ed. David Britain and Jenny Cheshire, 209-222 Amsterdam: Benjamins
45. Most, Tova, Ofer Amir, and Yishai Tobin. 2000. "The Hebrew Vowel System: Raw and Normalized Acoustic Data." Language and Speech 43: 295-308
46. Munson, Benjamin, Elizabeth C. McDonald, Nancy L. DeBoe, and Aubrey R. White. 2006. "The Acoustic and Perceptual Bases of Judgments of Women and Men's Sexual Orientation from Read Speech." Journal of Phonetics 34: 202-240
47. Neu, Helene. 1980. "Ranking of Constraints on /t, d/ Deletion in American English: A Statistical Analysis." In Locating Language in Time and Space, ed. William Labov, 37-54. New York: Academic
48. Newman, Rochelle S., Sheryl A. Clouse, and Jessica L. Burnham. 2001. "The Perceptual Consequences of Within-Talker Variability in Fricative Production." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 109: 1181-1196
49. Nittrouer, Susan, Michael Studdert-Kennedy, and Richard S. McGowan. 1989. "The Emergence of Phonetic Segments: Evidence from the Spectral Structure of Fricative-Vowel Syllables Spoken by Children and Adults." Journal of Speech and Hearing Research 32: 120-132
50. Pierrehumbert, Janet B., Tessa Bent, Benjamin Munson, Ann R. Bradlow, and J. Michael Bailey. 2004. "The Influence of Sexual Orientation on Vowel Produc-tion." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 116: 1905-1908
51. Plichta, Bartlomiej. 2004. Akustyk. Version 1.7.7. http://bartus.org/ akustyk/
52. Plichta, Bartlomiej, and Dennis R. Preston. 2005. "The /ay/s Have It: The Perception of /ay/ as a North-South Stereotype in United States English" In "Subjective Processes in Language Variation and Change," ed. Tore Kristiansen, Peter Garrett, and Nikolas Coupland. Special issue, Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 37, 107-130
53. Raymond, William D., Robin Dautricourt, and Elizabeth Hume. 2006. "Word-Internal /t, d/ Deletion in Spontaneous Speech: Modeling the Effects of Extra-linguistic, Lexical, and Phonological Factors." Language Variation and Change 18: 55-97
54. th annual conference on New Ways of Analyzing Variation (NWAV 36), Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 11-14
55. Ryalls, John, Allison Zipprer, and Penelope Baldauff. 1997. "A Preliminary Investigation of the Effects of Gender and Race on Voice Onset Time." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 40: 642-645
56. Scharf, Gabriel, and Harald Masur. 2002. "Voice Onset Time in Normal Speakers of a German Dialect: Effects of Age, Gender, and Verbal Material." In Investigations in Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics, ed. Fay Windsor, M. Louise Kelly, and Nigel Hewlett, 327-340 Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum
57. th Century New Zealand English." English World-Wide 24: 245-269
58. Simpson, Adrian P., and Christine Ericsdotter. 2007. "Sex-Specific Differences in f0 and Vowel Space." In Proceedings of the 16th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, ed. Jürgen Trouvain and William J. Barry, 933-936 Saarbrücken, Germany: Univ. des Saarlandes
59. Stewart, Miranda. 1999. The Spanish Language Today. London: Routledge
60. Stuart-Smith, Jane, Claire Timmins, and Fiona Tweedie. 2007. "''Talkin' Jockney'? Variation and Change in Glaswegian Accent." Journal of Sociolinguistics 11: 221-260
61. Whiteside, Sandra P. 1996. "Temporal-Based Acoustic-Phonetic Patterns in Read Speech: Some Evidence for Speaker Sex Differences." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 26: 23-40
62. Whiteside, Sandra P., and Caroline J. Irving. 1997. "Speakers' Sex Differences in Voice Onset Time: Some Preliminary Findings." Perceptual and Motor Skills 85:459-463
63. Wolfram, Walter A. 1969. A Sociolinguistic Description of Detroit Negro Speech. Washington, D.C.: Center for Applied Linguistics
64. Woods, Anthony, Paul Fletcher, and Arthur Hughes. 1986. Statistics in Language Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press
65. Woods, Howard B. 1999. The Ottawa Survey of Canadian English. Kingston, Ont.: Strathy Language Unit, Queen's University
66. th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, ed. Jürgen Trouvain and William J. Barry, 477-480 Saarbrucken, Germany: Univ. des Saarlandes
67. Zue, Victor W., and Martha Laferriere. 1979. "Acoustical Study of Medial /t, d/ in American English." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 66: 1039-1050