-
1
-
-
24144450920
-
-
World Resources Institute, Washington, DC. [Available online at
-
Adeel, Z., U. Safriel, D. Niemeijer, and R. White, 2005: Ecosystems and human well-being: Desertification synthesis. World Resources Institute, Washington, DC, 26 pp. [Available online at http://www.millenniumassessment.org/documents/document.355.aspx.pdf.]
-
(2005)
Ecosystems and human well-being: Desertification synthesis
, pp. 26
-
-
Adeel, Z.1
Safriel, U.2
Niemeijer, D.3
White, R.4
-
2
-
-
0942299884
-
The impact of decadal-scale Indian Ocean sea surface temperature anomalies on Sahelian rainfall and the North Atlantic Oscillation
-
doi:10.1029/2003GL018426
-
Bader, J., and M. Latif, 2003: The impact of decadal-scale Indian Ocean sea surface temperature anomalies on Sahelian rainfall and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 2169, doi:10.1029/2003GL018426.
-
(2003)
Geophys. Res. Lett.
, vol.30
, pp. 2169
-
-
Bader, J.1
Latif, M.2
-
3
-
-
22044455912
-
Penetration of human-induced warming into the world's oceans
-
Barnett, T. P., D. W. Pierce, K. M. AchutaRao, P. J. Gleicker, B. D. Santer, J. M. Gregory, and W. M. Washington, 2005: Penetration of human-induced warming into the world's oceans. Science, 309, 284-287.
-
(2005)
Science
, vol.309
, pp. 284-287
-
-
Barnett, T.P.1
Pierce, D.W.2
AchutaRao, K.M.3
Gleicker, P.J.4
Santer, B.D.5
Gregory, J.M.6
Washington, W.M.7
-
4
-
-
33746384045
-
Robust Sahel drying in response to late 20th century forcings
-
doi:10.1029/2006GL026067
-
Biasutti, M., and A. Giannini, 2006: Robust Sahel drying in response to late 20th century forcings. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L11706, doi:10.1029/2006GL026067.
-
(2006)
Geophys. Res. Lett.
, vol.33
-
-
Biasutti, M.1
Giannini, A.2
-
5
-
-
53649093992
-
SST forcings and Sahel rainfall variability in simulations of twentieth and twenty-first centuries
-
Biasutti, M., I. M. Held, A. H. Sobel, and A. Giannini, 2008: SST forcings and Sahel rainfall variability in simulations of twentieth and twenty-first centuries. J. Climate, 21, 3471-3486.
-
(2008)
J. Climate
, vol.21
, pp. 3471-3486
-
-
Biasutti, M.1
Held, I.M.2
Sobel, A.H.3
Giannini, A.4
-
6
-
-
84981566015
-
Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel
-
Charney, J. G., 1975: Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 101, 193-202.
-
(1975)
Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc.
, vol.101
, pp. 193-202
-
-
Charney, J.G.1
-
7
-
-
0037106794
-
Tropical tropospheric temperature variations caused by ENSO and their influence on the remote tropical climate
-
Chiang, J. C. H., and A. H. Sobel, 2002: Tropical tropospheric temperature variations caused by ENSO and their influence on the remote tropical climate. J. Climate, 15, 2616-2631.
-
(2002)
J. Climate
, vol.15
, pp. 2616-2631
-
-
Chiang, J.C.H.1
Sobel, A.H.2
-
8
-
-
0043026248
-
Mechanisms limiting the northward extent of the northern summer monsoons over North America, Asia, and Africa
-
Chou, C., and J. D. Neelin, 2003: Mechanisms limiting the northward extent of the northern summer monsoons over North America, Asia, and Africa. J. Climate, 16, 406-425.
-
(2003)
J. Climate
, vol.16
, pp. 406-425
-
-
Chou, C.1
Neelin, J.D.2
-
9
-
-
3042729270
-
Mechanisms of global warming impacts on regional tropical precipitation
-
Chou, C., and J. D. Neelin, 2004: Mechanisms of global warming impacts on regional tropical precipitation. J. Climate, 17, 2688-2701.
-
(2004)
J. Climate
, vol.17
, pp. 2688-2701
-
-
Chou, C.1
Neelin, J.D.2
-
10
-
-
0035387307
-
Ocean-atmosphere-land feedbacks in an idealized monsoon
-
Chou, C., J. D. Neelin, and H. Su, 2001: Ocean-atmosphere-land feedbacks in an idealized monsoon. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1869-1891.
-
(2001)
Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc.
, vol.127
, pp. 1869-1891
-
-
Chou, C.1
Neelin, J.D.2
Su, H.3
-
11
-
-
66849119220
-
Evaluating the rich-getricher mechanism in tropical precipitation change under global warming
-
Chou, C., J. D. Neelin, C.-A. Chen, and J.-Y. Tu, 2009: Evaluating the rich-getricher mechanism in tropical precipitation change under global warming. J. Climate, 22, 1982-2005.
-
(2009)
J. Climate
, vol.22
, pp. 1982-2005
-
-
Chou, C.1
Neelin, J.D.2
Chen, C.-A.3
Tu, J.-Y.4
-
12
-
-
35348998346
-
Regional climate projections
-
S. Solomon et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press
-
Christensen, J. H., and Coauthors, 2007: Regional climate projections. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, S. Solomon et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, 847-940.
-
(2007)
Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis
, pp. 847-940
-
-
Christensen, J.H.1
-
13
-
-
0037371003
-
Climate change in northern Africa: The past is not the future
-
Claussen, M., V. Brovkin, A. Ganopolski, C. Kubatzki, and V. Petoukhov, 2003: Climate change in northern Africa: The past is not the future. Climatic Change, 57, 99-118.
-
(2003)
Climatic Change
, vol.57
, pp. 99-118
-
-
Claussen, M.1
Brovkin, V.2
Ganopolski, A.3
Kubatzki, C.4
Petoukhov, V.5
-
14
-
-
33748324815
-
Coupled model simulations of the West African monsoon system: Twentiethand twentyfirst-century simulations
-
Cook, K. H., and E. K. Vizy, 2006: Coupled model simulations of the West African monsoon system: Twentiethand twentyfirst-century simulations. J. Climate, 19, 3681-3703.
-
(2006)
J. Climate
, vol.19
, pp. 3681-3703
-
-
Cook, K.H.1
Vizy, E.K.2
-
15
-
-
32444441819
-
On the tropical origin of uncertainties in the global land precipitation response to global warming
-
Douville, H., D. Salas-Melia, and S. Tyteca, 2006: On the tropical origin of uncertainties in the global land precipitation response to global warming. Climate Dyn., 26, 367-385.
-
(2006)
Climate Dyn.
, vol.26
, pp. 367-385
-
-
Douville, H.1
Salas-Melia, D.2
Tyteca, S.3
-
16
-
-
0022839918
-
Sahel rainfall and worldwide sea temperatures, 1901-85
-
Folland, C. K., T. N. Palmer, and D. E. Parker, 1986: Sahel rainfall and worldwide sea temperatures, 1901-85. Nature, 320, 602-607.
-
(1986)
Nature
, vol.320
, pp. 602-607
-
-
Folland, C.K.1
Palmer, T.N.2
Parker, D.E.3
-
17
-
-
0242410711
-
Oceanic forcing of Sahel rainfall on interannual to interdecadal time scales
-
doi:10.1126/science.1089357
-
Giannini, A., R. Saravanan, and P. Chang, 2003: Oceanic forcing of Sahel rainfall on interannual to interdecadal time scales. Science, 302, 1027-1030, doi:10.1126/science.1089357.
-
(2003)
Science
, vol.302
, pp. 1027-1030
-
-
Giannini, A.1
Saravanan, R.2
Chang, P.3
-
18
-
-
51749094137
-
A global perspective on African climate
-
doi:10.1007/s10584-008-9396-y
-
Giannini, A., M. Biasutti, I. M. Held, and A. H. Sobel, 2008: A global perspective on African climate. Climatic Change, 90, 359-383, doi:10.1007/s10584-008-9396-y.
-
(2008)
Climatic Change
, vol.90
, pp. 359-383
-
-
Giannini, A.1
Biasutti, M.2
Held, I.M.3
Sobel, A.H.4
-
19
-
-
27544432026
-
Sahel rainfall variability and response to greenhouse warming
-
doi:10.1029/2005GL023232
-
Haarsma, R. J., F. Selten, N. Weber, and M. Kliphuis, 2005: Sahel rainfall variability and response to greenhouse warming. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L17702, doi:10.1029/2005GL023232.
-
(2005)
Geophys. Res. Lett.
, vol.32
-
-
Haarsma, R.J.1
Selten, F.2
Weber, N.3
Kliphuis, M.4
-
20
-
-
53649095202
-
Ocean warming and latetwentieth-century Sahel drought and recovery
-
Hagos, S. M., and K. H. Cook, 2008: Ocean warming and latetwentieth-century Sahel drought and recovery. J. Climate, 21, 3797-3814.
-
(2008)
J. Climate
, vol.21
, pp. 3797-3814
-
-
Hagos, S.M.1
Cook, K.H.2
-
21
-
-
29144435976
-
Simulation of Sahel drought in the 20th and 21st centuries
-
doi:10.1073/pnas.0509057102
-
Held, I. M., T. L. Delworth, J. Lu, K. Findell, and T. R. Knutson, 2005: Simulation of Sahel drought in the 20th and 21st centuries. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,102, 17 891-17 896, doi:10.1073/pnas.0509057102.
-
(2005)
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
, vol.102
-
-
Held, I.M.1
Delworth, T.L.2
Lu, J.3
Findell, K.4
Knutson, T.R.5
-
22
-
-
33746445500
-
Detection and attribution of twentieth century northern and southern African monsoon change
-
Hoerling, M. P., J. W. Hurrell, J. Eischeid, and A. S. Phillips, 2006: Detection and attribution of twentieth century northern and southern African monsoon change. J. Climate, 19, 3989-4008.
-
(2006)
J. Climate
, vol.19
, pp. 3989-4008
-
-
Hoerling, M.P.1
Hurrell, J.W.2
Eischeid, J.3
Phillips, A.S.4
-
23
-
-
33845638685
-
Climate impacts of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
-
doi:10.1029/2006GL026242
-
Knight, J. R., C. K. Folland, and A. A. Scaife, 2006: Climate impacts of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L17706, doi:10.1029/2006GL026242.
-
(2006)
Geophys. Res. Lett.
, vol.33
-
-
Knight, J.R.1
Folland, C.K.2
Scaife, A.A.3
-
24
-
-
0001230552
-
Case studies of tropical Atlantic surface circulation patterns during recent sub-Saharan weather anomalies: 1967 and 1968
-
Lamb, P. J., 1978: Case studies of tropical Atlantic surface circulation patterns during recent sub-Saharan weather anomalies: 1967 and 1968. Mon. Wea. Rev., 106, 482-491.
-
(1978)
Mon. Wea. Rev.
, vol.106
, pp. 482-491
-
-
Lamb, P.J.1
-
25
-
-
0034708673
-
Warming of the world ocean
-
Levitus, S., J. I. Antonov, T. P. Boyer, and C. Stephens, 2000: Warming of the world ocean. Science, 287, 2225-2229.
-
(2000)
Science
, vol.287
, pp. 2225-2229
-
-
Levitus, S.1
Antonov, J.I.2
Boyer, T.P.3
Stephens, C.4
-
26
-
-
18544400972
-
Can aerosols spin down the water cycle in a warmer and moister world?
-
doi:10.1029/2003GL019060
-
Liepert, B. G., J. Feichter, U. Lohmann, and E. Roeckner, 2004: Can aerosols spin down the water cycle in a warmer and moister world? Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L06207, doi:10.1029/2003GL019060.
-
(2004)
Geophys. Res. Lett.
, vol.31
-
-
Liepert, B.G.1
Feichter, J.2
Lohmann, U.3
Roeckner, E.4
-
27
-
-
30744470876
-
Oceanic forcing of late 20th century Sahel drought
-
doi:10.1029/2005GL023316
-
Lu, J., and T. L. Delworth, 2005: Oceanic forcing of late 20th century Sahel drought. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L22706, doi:10.1029/2005GL023316.
-
(2005)
Geophys. Res. Lett.
, vol.32
-
-
Lu, J.1
Delworth, T.L.2
-
28
-
-
35448939676
-
The WCRP CMIP3 multimodel dataset: A new era in climate change research
-
Meehl, G. A., C. Covey, T. Delworth, M. Latif, B. McAvaney, J. F. B. Mitchell, R. J. Stouffer, and K. Taylor, 2007a: The WCRP CMIP3 multimodel dataset: A new era in climate change research. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88, 1383-1394.
-
(2007)
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
, vol.88
, pp. 1383-1394
-
-
Meehl, G.A.1
Covey, C.2
Delworth, T.3
Latif, M.4
McAvaney, B.5
Mitchell, J.F.B.6
Stouffer, R.J.7
Taylor, K.8
-
29
-
-
34547489061
-
Global climate projections
-
S. Solomon et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press
-
Meehl, G. A., and Coauthors, 2007b: Global climate projections. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, S. Solomon et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, 747-846.
-
(2007)
Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis
, pp. 747-846
-
-
Meehl, G.A.1
-
30
-
-
0023480099
-
Modeling tropical convergence based on the moist static energy budget
-
Neelin, J. D., and I. M. Held, 1987: Modeling tropical convergence based on the moist static energy budget. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 3-12.
-
(1987)
Mon. Wea. Rev.
, vol.115
, pp. 3-12
-
-
Neelin, J.D.1
Held, I.M.2
-
31
-
-
1642586540
-
Tropical drought regions in global warming and El Niño teleconnections
-
doi:10.1029/2003GL018625
-
Neelin, J. D., C. Chou, and H. Su, 2003: Tropical drought regions in global warming and El Niño teleconnections. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 2275, doi:10.1029/2003GL018625.
-
(2003)
Geophys. Res. Lett.
, vol.30
, pp. 2275
-
-
Neelin, J.D.1
Chou, C.2
Su, H.3
-
32
-
-
37049252975
-
Baring high-albedo soils by overgrazing: A hypothesized desertification mechanism
-
Otterman, J., 1974: Baring high-albedo soils by overgrazing: A hypothesized desertification mechanism. Science, 186, 531-533.
-
(1974)
Science
, vol.186
, pp. 531-533
-
-
Otterman, J.1
-
33
-
-
60749088281
-
Regional climate change in tropical and northern Africa due to greenhouse forcing and land use changes
-
Paeth, H., K. Born, R. Girmes, R. Podzun, and D. Jacob, 2009: Regional climate change in tropical and northern Africa due to greenhouse forcing and land use changes. J. Climate, 22, 114-132.
-
(2009)
J. Climate
, vol.22
, pp. 114-132
-
-
Paeth, H.1
Born, K.2
Girmes, R.3
Podzun, R.4
Jacob, D.5
-
34
-
-
0036693782
-
Tropical rainfall trends and the indirect aerosol effect
-
Rotstayn, L., and U. Lohmann, 2002: Tropical rainfall trends and the indirect aerosol effect. J. Climate, 15, 2103-2116.
-
(2002)
J. Climate
, vol.15
, pp. 2103-2116
-
-
Rotstayn, L.1
Lohmann, U.2
-
35
-
-
64049109357
-
Forced and internal twentieth-century SST trends in the North Atlantic
-
Ting, M., Y. Kushnir, R. Seager, and C. Li, 2009: Forced and internal twentieth-century SST trends in the North Atlantic. J. Climate, 22, 1469-1481.
-
(2009)
J. Climate
, vol.22
, pp. 1469-1481
-
-
Ting, M.1
Kushnir, Y.2
Seager, R.3
Li, C.4
-
36
-
-
0142195969
-
The changing character of precipitation
-
Trenberth, K. E., A. Dai, R. M. Rasmussen, and D. B. Parsons, 2003: The changing character of precipitation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 84, 1205-1217.
-
(2003)
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
, vol.84
, pp. 1205-1217
-
-
Trenberth, K.E.1
Dai, A.2
Rasmussen, R.M.3
Parsons, D.B.4
-
37
-
-
0042890456
-
tensity of hydrological cycles in warmer climates
-
Yang, F., A. Kumar, M. E. Schlesinger, and W. Wang, 2003: Intensity of hydrological cycles in warmer climates. J. Climate, 16, 2419-2423.
-
(2003)
J. Climate
, vol.16
, pp. 2419-2423
-
-
Yang, F.1
Kumar, A.2
Schlesinger, M.E.3
Wang, W.4
-
38
-
-
0033102104
-
A land-atmosphere interaction theory for the tropical deforestation problem
-
Zeng, N., and J. D. Neelin, 1999: A land-atmosphere interaction theory for the tropical deforestation problem. J. Climate, 12, 857-872.
-
(1999)
J. Climate
, vol.12
, pp. 857-872
-
-
Zeng, N.1
Neelin, J.D.2
|