A novel biomimetic approach to the design of high-performance ceramic - Metal composites

Journal of the Royal Society Interface

Volumn 7, Issue 46, 2010, Pages 741-753

  Launey, Maximilien E ^a   Munch, Etienne ^a,c   Alsem, Daan Hein ^a   Saiz, Eduardo ^a,d   Tomsia, Antoni P ^a   Ritchie, Robert O ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory   (United States)

^c Michelin   (France)

^d IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Ceramics; Composites; Freeze casting; Metals; Strength; Toughness

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS; BIOMIMETICS; CASTING; CERAMIC MATERIALS; COMPOSITE MICROMECHANICS; DESIGN; LAMINATED COMPOSITES; METALS; TENSILE STRENGTH;

BIOLOGICAL DESIGN; CERAMIC METAL COMPOSITES; CERAMIC SUSPENSIONS; CERAMICS; COMPOSITES; FREEZE-CASTING; HIERARCHICAL DESIGN; ICE TEMPLATING; LAMINATED CERAMICS; METAL INFILTRATION; TOUGHENING MECHANISMS;

FRACTURE TOUGHNESS;

ALUMINUM; ALUMINUM OXIDE; METAL DERIVATIVE; SILICON;

ARTICLE; BIOMIMETICS; CERAMICS; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; COMPOSITE MATERIAL; SUSPENSION; TENSILE STRENGTH; THICKNESS;

EID: 77951673396     PISSN: 17425689     EISSN: 17425662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2009.0331     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. Aizenberg, J. & Fratzl, P. 2009 Biological and biomimetic materials. Adv. Mater. 21, 387-388. (doi:10.1002/adma.200803699)
2. Alman, D. E., Rawers, J. C. & Hawk, J. A. 1995 Microstructural and failure characteristics of metal-intermetallic layered sheet composites. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 26, 589-599. (doi:10.1007/BF02663908)
3. Araki, K. & Halloran, J. W. 2004 Room-temperature freeze casting for ceramics with nonaqueous sublimable vehicles in the naphthalene-camphor eutectic system. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 87, 2014-2019. (doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.2004. tb06353.x)
4. Ashby, M. F., Blunt, F. J. & Bannister, M. 1989 Flow characteristics of highly constrained metal wires. Acta Metall. 37, 1847-1857. (doi:10.1016/0001-6160(89)90069-2) (Pubitemid 20611720)
5. Bannister, M. & Ashby, M. F. 1991 The deformation and fracture of constrained metal sheets. Acta Metall. Mater. 39, 2575-2582. (doi:10.1016/0956-7151(91)90072-9)
6. Becher, P. F. 1991 Microstructural design of toughened ceramics. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 74, 255-269. (doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1991.tb06872.x)
7. Bloyer, D. R., Rao, K. T. V. & Ritchie, R. O. 1998 Fracture toughness and R-curve behavior of laminated brittle-matrix composites. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 29, 2483-2496. (doi:10.1007/s11661-998-0220-0)
8. Bonderer, L. J., Studart, A. R. & Gauckler, L. J. 2008 Bioinspired design and assembly of platelet reinforced polymer films. Science 319, 1069-1073. (doi:10.1126/science.1148726)
9. Cao, H. C. & Evans, A. G. 1991 On crack extension in ductile/brittle laminates. Acta Metall. Mater. 39, 2997-3005. (doi:10.1016/0956-7151(91)90032-V)
10. Cao, H. C., Dalgleish, B. J., Deve, H. E., Elliott, C., Evans, A. G., Mehrabian, R. & Odette, G. R. 1989 A test procedure for characterizing the toughening of brittle intermetallics by ductile reinforcements. Acta Metall. 37, 2969-2977. (doi:10.1016/0001-6160(89)90332-5) (Pubitemid 20622871)
11. Chen, L., Ballarini, R., Kahn, H. & Heuer, A. H. 2007 Bioinspired micro-composite structure. J. Mater. Res. 22, 124-131. (doi:10.1557/jmr.2007. 0016)
12. Clegg, W. J., Kendall, K., Alford, N. M., Button, T. W. & Birchall, J. D. 1990 A simple way to make tough ceramics. Nature 347, 455-457. (doi:10.1038/347455a0) (Pubitemid 120028977)
13. Dalgleish, B. J., Lu, M. C. & Evans, A. G. 1988 The strength of ceramics bonded with metals. Acta Metall. 36, 2029-2035. (doi:10.1016/0001- 6160(88)90304-5)
14. Dalgleish, B. J., Trumble, K. P. & Evans, A. G. 1989 The strength and fracture of alumina bonded with aluminum alloys. Acta Metall. 37, 1923-1931. (doi:10.1016/0001-6160(89)90077-1)
15. Deve, H. E. & Maloney, M. J. 1991 On the toughening of intermetallics with ductile fibers: role of interfaces. Acta Metall. Mater. 39, 2275-2284. (doi:10.1016/0956-7151(91)90010-X)
16. Deve, H. E., Evans, A. G., Odette, G. R., Mehrabian, R., Emiliani, M. L. & Hecht, R. J. 1990 Ductile reinforcement of g-TiAl: effects of debonding and ductility. Acta Metall. Mater. 38, 1491-1502. (doi:10.1016/0956-7151(90) 90117-Y)
17. Deville, S. 2008 Freeze-casting of porous ceramics: a review of current achievements and issues. Adv. Eng. Mater. 10, 155-169. (doi:10.1002/adem. 200700270)
18. Deville, S., Saiz, E., Nalla, R. K. & Tomsia, A. P. 2006 Freezing as a path to build complex composites. Science 311, 515-518. (doi:10.1126/science. 1120937) (Pubitemid 43157728)
19. Deville, S., Saiz, E. & Tomsia, A. P. 2007 Ice-templated porous alumina structures. Acta Mater. 55, 1965-1974. (doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2006.11. 003)
20. E1820-08 2008 Annual book of ASTM standards, vol. 03.01: metals - mechanical testing; elevated and low-temperature tests; metallography. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International.
21. Embury, J. D. & Hirth, J. P. 1994 On dislocation storage and the mechanical response of fine-scale microstructures. Acta Metall. Mater. 42, 2051-2056. (doi:10.1016/0956-7151(94)90030-2)
22. Enoki, M., Sakai, K., Kim, B. N. & Kishi, T. 1999 Crack propagation behavior of Ni/NiAl laminate materials. J. Jpn. Inst. Met. 63, 838-843.
23. Espinosa, H. D., Rim, J. E., Barthelat, F. & Buehler, M. J. 2009 Merger of structure and material in nacre and bone: perspectives on de novo biomimetic materials. Prog. Mater. Sci. 54, 1059-1100. (doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci. 2009.05.001)
24. Evans, A. G. 1990 Perspective on the development of hightoughness ceramics. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73, 187-206. (doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb06493. x)
25. Evans, A. G., Suo, Z., Wang, R. Z., Aksay, I. A., He, M. Y. & Hutchinson, J. W. 2001 Model for the robust mechanical behavior of nacre. J. Mater. Res. 16, 2475-2484. (doi:10.1557/JMR.2001.0339)
26. Fox, M. R. & Ghosh, A. K. 1999 Structure, strength and fracture resistance of interfaces in NiAl/Mo model laminates. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 259, 261-268. (doi:10.1016/S0921-5093(98)00904-6)
27. Fukasawa, T., Ando, M., Ohji, T. & Kanzaki, S. 2001 Synthesis of porous ceramics with complex pore structure by freeze-dry processing. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 84, 230-232. (doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00638.x)
28. Garcia-Cordovilla, C., Louis, E. & Narciso, J. 1999 Pressure infiltration of packed ceramic particulates by liquid metals. Acta Mater. 47, 4461-4479. (doi:10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00318-3)
29. 3 interfaces. Acta Mater. 45, 3503-3513. (doi:10.1016/S1359-6454(97)00064-5)
30. Haggag, F. M. & Underwood, J. H. 1984 Compliance of a 3-point bend specimen at load-line. Int. J. Fract. 26, R63-R65. (doi:10.1007/BF01157556)
31. Hartgerink, J. D., Beniash, E. & Stupp, S. I. 2001 Self-assembly and mineralization of peptide-amphiphile nanofibers. Science 294, 1684-1688. (doi:10.1126/science.1063187)
32. He, J. L., Wang, J., Li, W. Z. & Li, H. D. 1997 Simulation of nacre with TiN/Pt multilayers and a study of their mechanical properties. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 49, 128-134. (doi:10.1016/S0921-5107(97)00112-8)
33. Heathcote, J., Odette, G. R., Lucas, G. E., Rowe, R. G. & Skelly, D. W. 1996 On the micromechanics of low temperature strength and toughness of intermetallic/metallic microlaminate composites. Acta Mater. 44, 4289-4299. (doi:10.1016/1359-6454(96)00112-7)
34. Hong, T., Smith, J. R. & Srolovitz, D. J. 1995 Theory of metal-ceramic adhesion. Acta Metall. Mater. 43, 2721-2730. (doi:10.1016/0956- 7151(94)00457-S)
35. Huang, Y. & Zhang, H. W. 1995 The role of plasticity and interfacial strength in the cracking of metal/ceramic laminates. Acta Metall. Mater. 43, 1523-1530. (doi:10.1016/0956-7151(94)00341-E)
36. Huang, Y., Zhang, H. W. & Wu, F. 1994 Multiple cracking in metal-ceramic laminates. Int. J. Solids Struct. 31, 2753-2768. (doi:10.1016/0020-7683(94)90067-1)
37. Hwu, K. L. & Derby, B. 1999a Fracture of metal/ceramic laminates - I. Transition from single to multiple cracking. Acta Mater. 47, 529-543. (doi:10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00357-7)
38. Hwu, K. L. & Derby, B. 1999b Fracture of metal/ceramic laminates-II. Crack growth resistance and toughness. Acta Mater. 47, 545-563. (doi:10.1016/S1359-6454(98)00358-9)
39. Jackson, A. P., Vincent, J. F. V. & Turner, R. M. 1988 The mechanical design of nacre. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 234, 415-440. (doi:10.1098/rspb.1988. 0056)
40. Kamat, S., Su, X., Ballarini, R. & Heuer, A. H. 2000 Structural basis for the fracture toughness of the shell of the conch Strombus gigas. Nature 405, 1036-1040. (doi:10.1038/35016535)
41. 3/Al composites. Acta Mater. 46, 2369-2379. (doi:10.1016/S1359-6454(98)80018-9)
42. Kaplan, W. D., Mullejans, H., Ruhle, M., Rodel, J. & Claussen, N. 1995 Ca segregation to basel surfaces in α-alumina. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78, 2841-2844. (doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08064.x)
43. Kato, T. 2000 Polymer/calcium carbonate layered thin-film composites. Adv. Mater. 12, 1543-1546. (doi:10.1002/1521-4095(200010)12:20〈1543::AID- ADMA1543〉3.0.CO;2-P)
44. Krstic, V. V., Nicholson, P. S. & Hoagland, R. G. 1981 Toughening of glasses by metallic particles. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 64, 499-504. (doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1981.tb10313.x)
45. Kruzic, J. J., McNaney, J. M., Cannon, R. M. & Ritchie, R. O. 2004 Effects of plastic constraint on the cyclic and static fatigue behavior of metal/ceramic layered structures. Mech. Mater. 36, 57-72. (doi:10.1016/s0167- 6636(03)00031-0)
46. Launey, M. E. & Ritchie, R. O. 2009 On the fracture toughness of advanced materials. Adv. Mater. 21, 2103-2110. (doi:10.1002/adma.200803322)
47. Launey, M. E., Munch, E., Alsem, D. H., Barth, H. B., Saiz, E., Tomsia, A. P. & Ritchie, R. O. 2009 Designing highly toughened hybrid composites through natureinspired hierarchical complexity. Acta Mater. 57, 2919-2932. (doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2009.03.003)
48. Leichter, H. L. 1966 Impact fracture toughness and other properties of brazed metallic laminates. J. Spacecr. Rockets 3, 1113-1120.
49. Lesuer, D. R., Syn, C. K., Sherby, O. D., Wadsworth, J., Lewandowski, J. J. & Hunt,W. H. 1996 Mechanical behaviour of laminated metal composites. Int. Mater. Rev. 41, 169-197.
50. Li, M. & Soboyejo, W. O. 2000 An investigation of the effects of ductile-layer thickness on the fracture behavior of nickel aluminide microlaminates. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 31, 1385-1399. (doi:10.1007/s11661-000- 0257-1)
51. Mara, N. A., Tamayo, T., Sergueeva, A. V., Zhang, X., Misra, A. & Mukherjee, A. K. 2007 The effects of decreasing layer thickness on the high temperature mechanical behavior of Cu/Nb nanoscale multilayers. Thin Solid Films 515, 3241-3245. (doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2006.01.036)
52. Mara, N. A., Bhattacharyya, D., Dickerson, P., Hoagland, R. G. & Misra, A. 2008 Deformability of ultrahigh strength 5 nm Cu/Nb nanolayered composites. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 231901. (doi:10.1063/1.2938921)
53. Mayer, G. 2005 Rigid biological systems as models for synthetic composites. Science 310, 1144-1147. (doi:10.1126/science.1116994)
54. Mayer, G. 2006 New classes of tough composite materials: lessons from natural rigid biological systems. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 26, 1261-1268. (doi:10.1016/j.msec.2005.08.031)
55. McNaney, J. M., Cannon, R. M. & Ritchie, R. O. 1996 Fracture and fatigue-crack growth along aluminum-alumina interfaces. Acta Mater. 44, 4713-4728. (doi:10.1016/S1359-6454(96)00126-7)
56. 3 laminates by digital image correlation I: experimental crack opening displacement and R-curves. Eng. Fract. Mech. 73, 571-582. (doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2005.09.005)
57. Meyers, M. A., Chen, P. Y., Lin, A. Y. M. & Seki, Y. 2008a Biological materials: structure and mechanical properties. Prog. Mater. Sci. 53, 1-206. (doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.007.05.002)
58. Meyers, M. A., Lin, A. Y. M., Chen, P. Y. & Muyco, J. 2008b Mechanical strength of abalone nacre: role of the soft organic layer. J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater. 1, 76-85. (doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2007.03.001)
59. Munch, E., Launey, M. E., Alsem, D. H., Saiz, E., Tomsia, A. P. & Ritchie, R. O. 2008 Tough, bio-inspired hybrid materials. Science 322, 1516-1520. (doi:10.1126/science.1164865)
60. Munch, E., Saiz, E., Tomsia, A. P. & Deville, S. 2009 Architectural control of freeze-cast ceramics through additives and templating. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92, 1534-1539. (doi:10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03087.x)
61. Odette, G. R., Chao, B. L., Sheckherd, J. W. & Lucas, G. E. 1992 Ductile-phase toughening mechanisms in a TiAl-TiNb laminate composite. Acta Metall. Mater. 40, 2381-2389. (doi:10.1016/0956-7151(92)90157-A)
62. Ortiz, C. & Boyce, M. C. 2008 Materials science: bioinspired structural materials. Science 319, 1053-1054. (doi:10.1126/science.1154295)
63. Podsiadlo, P. et al. 2007 Ultrastrong and stiff layered polymer nanocomposites. Science 318, 80-83. (doi:10.1126/ science.1143176)
64. Rao, K. T. V., Soboyejo, W. O. & Ritchie, R. O. 1992 Ductile-phase toughening and fatigue-crack growth in Nb-reinforced molybdenum disilicide intermetallic composites. Metall. Trans. A 23, 2249-2257. (doi:10.1007/ BF02646018)
65. Rao, K. T. V., Odette, G. R. & Ritchie, R. O. 1994 Ductile-reinforcement toughening in γ-TiAl intermetallic matrix composites: effects on fracture toughness and fatigue-crack propagation resistance. Acta Metall. Mater. 42, 893-911. (doi:10.1016/0956-7151(94)90285-2)
66. Rawers, J. & Perry, K. 1996 Crack initiation in laminated metal-intermetallic composites. J. Mater. Sci. 31, 3501-3506. (doi:10.1007/BF00360755)
67. Ritchie, R. O. 1988 Mechanisms of fatigue crack-propagation in metals, ceramics and composites: role of crack tip shielding. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 103, 15-28.
68. 3Ti metallic-intermetallic laminate (MIL) composites. Acta Mater. 51, 2933-2957. (doi:10.1016/s1359-6454(03)00108-3)
69. Rosso, M. 2006 Ceramic and metal matrix composites: routes and properties. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 175, 364-375. (doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec. 2005.04.038)
70. Rubner, M. 2003 Materials science: synthetic sea shell. Nature 423, 925-926. (doi:10.1038/423925a)
71. Saiz, E. & Tomsia, A. P. 1998 Kinetics of metal-ceramic composite formation by reactive penetration of silicates with molten aluminum. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 81, 2381-2393. (doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02634.x)
72. Saiz, E., Cannon, R. M. & Tomsia, A. P. 2000 Reactive spreading: adsorption, ridging and compound formation. Acta Mater. 48, 4449-4462. (doi:10.1016/S1359-6454(00)00231-7)
73. Saiz, E., Tomsia, A. P. & Suganuma, K. 2003 Wetting and strength issues at Al/ a-alumina interfaces. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 23, 2787-2796. (doi:10.1016/s0955-2219(03)00290-5)
74. Sellinger, A., Weiss, P. M., Nguyen, A., Lu, Y. F., Assink, R. A., Gong, W. L. & Brinker, C. J. 1998 Continuous self-assembly of organic-inorganic nanocomposite coatings that mimic nacre. Nature 394, 256-260. (doi:10.1038/28354)
75. Shaw, M. C., Marshall, D. B., Dadkhah, M. S. & Evans, A. G. 1993 Cracking and damage mechanisms in ceramic/metal multilayers. Acta Metall. Mater. 41, 3311-3322. (doi:10.1016/0956-7151(93)90060-6)
76. Shaw, M. C., Clyne, T. W., Cocks, A. C. F., Fleck, N. A. & Pateras, S. K. 1996 Cracking patterns in metal-ceramic laminates: effects of plasticity. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 44, 801-811. (doi:10.1016/0022-5096(96)00024-5)
77. Sigl, L. S., Mataga, P. A., Dalgleish, B. J., McMeeking, R. M. & Evans, A. G. 1988 On the toughness of brittle materials reinforced with a ductile phase. Acta Metall. 36, 945-953. (doi:10.1016/0001-6160(88)90149-6)
78. 2/Nb composites. Acta Mater. 44, 2027-2041. (doi:10.1016/1359-6454(95)00272-3)
79. Tang, Z. Y., Kotov, N. A., Magonov, S. & Ozturk, B. 2003 Nanostructured artificial nacre. Nat. Mater. 2, 413-418. (doi:10.1038/nmat906)
80. Trumble, K. P. 1998 Spontaneous infiltration of noncylindrical porosity: close-packed spheres. Acta Mater. 46, 2363-2367. (doi:10.1016/S1359-6454(98) 80017-7)
81. Varias, A. G., Suo, Z. & Shih, C. F. 1991 Ductile failure of a constrained metal foil. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 39, 963-986. (doi:10.1016/0022- 5096(91)90014-F)
82. Wang, R. Z., Suo, Z., Evans, A. G., Yao, N. & Aksay, I. A. 2001 Deformation mechanisms in nacre. J. Mater. Res. 16, 2485-2493. (doi:10.1557/JMR.2001.0340)
83. Was, G. S. & Foecke, T. 1996 Deformation and fracture in microlaminates. Thin Solid Films 286, 1-31. (doi:10.1016/S0040-6090(96)08905-5)
84. Waschkies, T., Oberacker, R. & Hoffmann, M. J. 2009 Control of lamellae spacing during freeze casting of ceramics using double-side cooling as a novel processing route. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92, S79-S84. (doi:10.1111/j.1551- 2916.2008.02673.x)
85. 3 strata. Chem. Mater. 19, 1974-1978. (doi:10.1021/cm062898i)
86. Ziegler, T., Neubrand, A., Roy, S., Wanner, A. & Piat, R. 2009 Elastic constants of metal/ceramic composites with lamellar microstructures: finite element modelling and ultrasonic experiments. Compos. Sci. Technol. 69, 620-626. (doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.12.009)