Role of ethanol in kava hepatotoxicity

Phytotherapy Research

Volumn 24, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 475-480

  Li, X Z ^a,b   Ramzan, Iqbal ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b Manning Base Hospital   (Australia)

Author keywords

Alcohol; Hepatotoxicity; Interactions; Kava

Indexed keywords

7,8 DIHYDROKAVAIN; 7,8 DIHYDROMETHYSTICIN; ALCOHOL; CYTOCHROME P450; DESMETHOXYYANGONIN; DRUG METABOLITE; KAVA EXTRACT; KAWAIN; METHYSTICIN; PARACETAMOL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; YANGONIN;

ALCOHOL METABOLISM; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG MONITORING; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG STRUCTURE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FATIGUE; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEADACHE; HUMAN; LIVER INJURY; LIVER TOXICITY; NONHUMAN; POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SKIN DISEASE; TACHYCARDIA; TREMOR; WEIGHT CHANGE;

DRUG-INDUCED LIVER INJURY; ETHANOL; HERB-DRUG INTERACTIONS; HUMANS; KAVA;

PIPER METHYSTICUM;

EID: 77951613085     PISSN: 0951418X     EISSN: 10991573     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3046     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. Aithal G, Day C. 2007. Nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Clin Liver Dis 11: 563-575. (Pubitemid 47307394)
2. Anke J, Ramzan I. 2004. Kava Hepatotoxicity: Are we any closer to the truth? Planta Med 70: 193-196. (Pubitemid 38445182)
3. Barnes JA, Linda A, Phillipson JD, Newall CA. 2007. Herbal Medicines (3rd edn). Pharmaceutical Press: London.
4. Bilia AR, Sandra G, Vincieri FF. 2002. Kava-kava and anxiety: growing knowledge about the efficacy and safety. Life Sci 70: 2581-2597.
5. Clayton K, Kissling G, Burka L, Chan P, Nyska A. 2007. Immunohistochemical analysis of expressions of hepatic cytochrome P450 in F344 rats following oral treatment with Kava extract. Exp Toxicol Pathol 58: 223-236. (Pubitemid 44873076)
6. Clough AR, Jacups SP, Wang Z, Burns CB, Bailie RS, Cairney SJ, Collie A, Guyula T, McDonald SP, Currie BJ. 2003. Health effects of kava use in an eastern Arnhem Land Aboriginal community. Intern Med J 33: 336-340. (Pubitemid 37082791)
7. Clough AR, D'Abbs AP, Cairney S, Gray D, Maruff P, Parker R, O'Reilly B. 2004. Emerging patterns of cannabis and other substance use in Aboriginal communities in Arnhem Land, Northern Territory: a study of two communities. Drug Alcohol Rev 23: 381-390. (Pubitemid 40019747)
8. Dragull K, Yoshida WY, Tang CS. 2003. Piperidine alkaloids from Piper methysticum. Phytochemistry 63: 193-198. (Pubitemid 36560138)
9. Duffield AM, Jamieson DD, Lidgard, RO, Duffield PH, Bourne DJ. 1989. Identification of some human urinary metabolites of the intoxicating beverage kava. J Chromatogr A 475: 273-281.
10. Ernst E. 2007. A re-evaluation of kava (Piper methysticum). Br J Clin Pharmacol 64: 415-417.
11. Food Standards Australia New Zealand. 2004. Kava. A Human Health Risk Assessment (Technical report series No. 30).
12. Fraser AG. 1997. Pharmacokinetic interactions between alcohol and other drugs. Clin Pharmacokinet 33: 79-90. (Pubitemid 27336949)
13. Fu PP, Xia Q, Guo L, Yu H, Chan PC. 2008a. Toxicity of kava kava. J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev 26: 89-112. (Pubitemid 351347047)
14. Fu S, Korkmaz E, Braet F, Ngo Q, Ramzan I. 2008b. Influence of kavain on hepatic ultrastructure. World J Gastroenterol 14: 493-656.
15. Guo L, Li Q, Xia Q, Dial S, Chan P, Fu P. 2009. Analysis of gene expression changes of drug metabolizing enzymes in the livers of F344 rats following oral treatment with kava extract. Food Chem Toxicol 47: 433-442.
16. Ingelman-Sundberg M. 2005. Genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6): clinical consequences, evolutionary aspects and functional diversity. Pharmacogenomics J 5: 6-13. (Pubitemid 40220611)
17. Johnson BM, Qiu SX, Zhang S, Zhang F, Burdette JE, Yu L, Bolton JL, Van Breemen RB. 2003. Identification of novel electrophilic metabolites of piper methysticum Forst (Kava). Chem Res Toxicol 16: 733-740. (Pubitemid 36736604)
18. Li AP. 2002. A review of the common properties of drugs with idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity and the 'multiple determinant hypothesis' for the manifestation of idiosyncratic drug toxicity. Chem Bio Interact 142: 7-23.
19. Lieber CS. 1997. Cytochrome P-4502E1: its physiological and pathological role. Physiol Rev 77: 517-544. (Pubitemid 27184347)
20. Lieber CS. 1999. Pharmacology and metabolism of alcohol, including its metabolic effects and interactions with other drugs. Clin Dermatol 17: 365-379.
21. Lim STS, Dragull K, Tang CS, Bittenbender HC, Efird JT, Nerurkar PV. 2007. Effects of kava alkaloid, pipermethystine, and kavalactones on oxidative stress and cytochrome P450 in F-344 rats. Toxicol Sci 97: 214-221. (Pubitemid 47072170)
22. Mathews JD, Reily MD, Fejo L, Munoz E, Milns NR, Gardner ID, Powers JR, Ganygulpa E and Gununuwawuy BJ. 1988. Effects of the heavy usage of kava on physical health: Summary of a pilot survey in an aboriginal community. Med J Aust 148: 548-555.
23. Mathews JME, Amy S, Valentine JL, Black SR, Coleman DP, Patel P So J, Burka LT. 2005. Pharmacokinetics and disposition of the kavalactone kawain: interaction with kava extract and kavalactones in vivo and in vitro. Drug Metab Dispos 33: 1555-1563.
24. Mattila M. 1990. Alcohol and drug interactions. Ann Med 22: 363-369.
25. MHPRA. 2006. Committee on Safety of Medicine's Expert Working Group (Kava). Report of the CSM's expert working group on the safety of kava. Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHPRA).
26. Munte TF, Heinze HJ, Matzke M, Steitz J. 1993. Effects of oxazepam and an extract of kava roots (Piper methysticum) on event-related potentials in a word recognition task. Neuropsychobiology 27: 46-53. (Pubitemid 23165779)
27. National Health and Medical Research Council. 2001. Australian Alcohol Guidelines: Health Risks and Benefits. Canberra: AGPS. Available at: http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/publications/synopses/-fi les/ds9.pdf [Accessed 2 May 2008].
28. Nerurkar PV, Dragull K, Tang C-S. 2004. In vitro toxicity of kava alkaloid, pipermethystine, in HepG2 cells compared to kavalactones. Toxicol Sci 79: 106-111. (Pubitemid 38660254)
29. Pittler MH, Ernst E. 2003. Kava extract for treating anxiety. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2). CD003383.
30. Rasmussen AK, Scheline RR, Solheim E, Hansel R. 1979. Metabolism of some kava pyrones in the rat. Xenobiotica 9: 1-16. (Pubitemid 9093507)
31. Rockerbie RA. 2001. Alcohol and drug intoxicatiom (2nd edn). Alco Trace: Victoria, BC.
32. Russmann S, Lauterburg BH, Helbling A. 2001. Kava hepatotoxicity. Ann Intern Med 135: 68-69.
33. Russmann S, Barguil Y, Cabalion P, Kritsanida M, Duhet D, Lauterburg BH. 2003. Hepatic injury due to traditional aqueous extracts of kava root in New Caledonia. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 15: 1033-1036. (Pubitemid 37094305)
34. Sass DA, Shaikh OS. 2006. Alcoholic Hepatitis. Clin in Liver Dis 10: 219-237. (Pubitemid 46110782)
35. Schmidt M, Nahrstedt A, Lupke NP. 2002. Piper methysticum (kava) under discussion: observations on quality, effectiveness and safety. Wien Med Wochenschr 152: 382-388. (Pubitemid 34984929)
36. Singh YN. 2003. Aqueous kava extracts do not affect liver function tests in rats. Planta Med 60: 496-499. (Pubitemid 36870621)
37. Singh YN. 2005. Potential for interaction of kava and St. John's wort with drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacol 100: 108-113.
38. Stevinson C, Huntley A, Ernst E. 2002. A systematic review of the safety of kava extract in the treatment of anxiety. Drug Saf 25: 251-261. (Pubitemid 34569359)
39. Ulbricht C, Basch E, Boon H, Ernst E, Hammerness P, Sollars D, Tsourounis C, Woods J, Bent, S. 2005. Safety review of kava (Piper methysticum) by the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. Expert Opin Drug Saf 4: 779-794. (Pubitemid 40946072)
40. Volz HP, Kieser M. 1997. Kava-kava extract WS 1490 versus placebo in anxiety disorders - a randomized placebo-controlled 25-week outpatient trial. Pharmacopsychiatry 30: 1-5. (Pubitemid 27083460)
41. Whitton PA, Lau A, Salisbury A, Whitehouse J, Evans CS. 2003. Kava lactones and the kava-kava controversy. Phytochemistry 64: 673-679. (Pubitemid 37176400)
42. Wu D, Nair M, DeWitt DL. 2002. Novel compounds from Piper methysticum Forst (Kava Kava) roots and their effect on cyclooxygenase enzyme. J Agric Food Chem 50: 701-705 (Pubitemid 34163609)
43. Zou L, Harkey MR, Henderson GL, Dike LE. 2004. Kava does not display metabolic toxicity in a homogeneous cellular assay. Planta Med 70: 289-292. (Pubitemid 38594597)
44. Zou LH, Martha R, Henderson GL. 2005. Synthesis, in vitro, reactivity, and identification of 6-phenyl-3-hexen-2-one in human urine after kava-kava (Piper methysticum) ingestion. Planta Med 71: 142-146.