Defining nutrient density: Development and validation of the nutrient rich foods index

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

Volumn 28, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 421S-426S

  Drewnowski, Adam ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Food analysis; Food legislation; Nutrient density; Nutrient profiling; Nutrition requirements; Nutrition value

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ASCORBIC ACID; CALCIUM; IRON; MAGNESIUM; POTASSIUM; RETINOL; SATURATED FATTY ACID; SODIUM; SUGAR;

CALCULATION; CALORIC INTAKE; CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHM; CONSUMER ADVOCACY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FIBER; FOOD PREFERENCE; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION; NUTRIENT CONTENT; NUTRIENT DENSITY; NUTRIENT RICH FOOD; NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT; NUTRITIONAL VALUE; PARAMETER; PORTION SIZE; PROTEIN INTAKE; REVIEW; VALIDATION PROCESS;

ALGORITHMS; FOOD; FOOD LABELING; GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; HUMANS; NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS; NUTRITIVE VALUE;

EID: 77951523589     PISSN: 07315724     EISSN: 15411087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2009.10718106     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Drewnowski A: Concept of a nutritious food: toward a nutrient density score. Am J Clin Nutr 82:721-732, 2005.
2. U.S. Department of Agriculture/Department of Health and Human Services: ''Dietary Guidelines for Americans by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture'' [Monograph online]. 6th ed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, January 2005.
3. U.S. Department of Agriculture. The food guide pyramid, 2005. Accessed March 24, 2007, at: http://www.mypyramid.gov/
4. ADA Reports: Practice paper of the American Dietetic Association: nutrient density: meeting nutrient goals within calorie needs. J Am Dietet Assoc 107:860-869, 2007.
5. Rayner M, Scarborough P, Boxer B, Stockley L: ''Nutrient Profiles: Development of Final Model [Monograph online]. 2005. Accessed at: http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/nutprofr.pdf/
6. Rayner M, Scarborough P, Stockley L, Boxer A: Nutrient Profiles: Further Refinement and Testing of Model SSCg3d. Final Report 2005'' [Monograph online]. Accessed March 24, 2007, at: http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/npreportsept05.pdf/
7. Azais-Braesco V, Goffi C, Labouze E: Nutrient profiling: comparison and critical analysis of existing systems. Public Health Nutr 9:613-622, 2006.
8. Asp NG, Drewnowski A, Flynn A, Przyrembel H: Nutritional characterisation of foods: science-based approach to nutrient profiling, Eur J Nutr 46(suppl 2):1-49, 2007.
9. Drewnowski A, Fulgoni V III: Nutrient profiling of foods: creating a nutrient rich foot index. Nutr Rev 66:23-39, 2008.
10. Darmon N, Darmon M, Maillot M, Drewnowski A: A nutrient density standard for vegetables and fruits: nutrients per calorie and nutrients per unit cost. J Am Diet Assoc 105:1881-1887, 2005.
11. Labouze E, Goffi C, Moulay L, Azais-Braesco V: A multipurpose tool to evaluate the nutritional quality of individual foods: Nutrimap. Public Health Nutr 10:690-700, 2007.
12. Maillot M, Darmon N, Darmon M, Lafay L, Drewnowski A: Nutrient-dense food groups have high energy costs: an econometric approach to nutrient profiling. J Nutr 137:1815-1820, 2007.
13. Scheidt DM, Daniel E: Composite index for aggregating nutrient density using food labels: ratio of recommended to restricted food components. J Nutr Educ Behav 36:35-39, 2004.
14. Stockley L: Nutrition profiles for foods to which nutrients could be added, or on which health claims could be made. Experiences from other countries and testing possible models. ''Final Report prepared for the UK Food Standards Agency, 2003.'' Accessed March 30, 2007, at: http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/nutritionclaims.pdf/
15. Drewnowski A, Maillot M, Darmon N: Should nutrient profiles be based on 100g, 100 kcal, or serving size? Eur J Clin Nutr 63:898-904, 2009.
16. Scarborough P, Boxer A, Rayner M, Stockley L: Testing nutrient profile models using data from a survey of nutrition professionals. Public Health Nutr 10:337-345, 2007.
17. Scarborough P, Rayner M, Stockley L, Black A: Nutrition professionals' perception of the ''healthiness'' of individual foods. Public Health Nutr 10:346-353, 2007.
18. Arambepola C, Scarborough P, Rayner M: Validating a nutrient profile model. Public Health Nutr 11:371-378, 2007.
19. Hansen RG: An index of food quality. Nutr Rev 31:1, 1973.
20. Hansen RG, Wyse BW, Sorenson AW: ''Nutritional Quality Index of Foods.'' Westport, CT: AVI Publishing Co., 1979.
21. U.S. Food and Drug Administration: Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21-Food and Drugs (Vol. 2), Chapter I-Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, Part 101-Food Labeling-Table of Contents, Subpart A-General Provisions, Sec. 101.14 Health claims: General Requirements and Subpart E-Specific Requirements for Health Claims. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Revised as of April 1, 2002.
22. U.S. Food and Drug Administration: Code of Federal Regulations. Sec 101.9 Nutrition Labeling of Food. Accessed at: http://www.accessdata.fda.goc/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?fr5109.9
23. Drewnowski A, Maillot M, Darmon N: Testing nutrient profile models in relation to energy density and energy cost. Eur J Clin Nutr 63:674-683, 2009.
24. Drewnowski A: What's next for nutrition labelling and health claims: an update of nutrient profiling in the European Union and the US. Nutr Today 42:206-214, 2007.
25. Guenther P, Reedy J, Krebs-Smith SM, Reeve P, Basiotis P: The revised Healthy Eating Index: a tool for measuring change in diet quality. J Am Diet Assoc 106: 68, 2006.
26. Fulgoni VL III, Keast DR, Drewnowski A: Development and validation of the Nutrient-Rich Foods index: a tool to measure nutritional quality of foods. J Nutr 139:1549-1554, 2009.
27. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health: Go, Slow and Whoa foods. Accessed August 8, 2009, at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/wecan/live-it/go-slow-whoa.htm
28. Zelman K, Kennedy E: Naturally nutrient rich: putting more power on Americans' plates. Nutr Today 40:60-68, 2005.