Reducing unavoidable nutrient losses from Florida's horticultural crops

HortTechnology

Volumn 20, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 52-66

  Shukla, S ^a   Boman, B J ^a   Ebel, R C ^a   Roberts, P D ^a   Hanlon, E A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Best management practices; Drainage; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Stormwater; Tailwater reuse

Indexed keywords

EID: 77950349416     PISSN: 10630198     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.21273/horttech.20.1.52     Document Type: Article

References (116)

1. Allegre, A., J. Silvestre, P. Morard, J. Kallerhoff, and E. Pinelli. 2004. Nitrate reductase regulation in tomato roots by exogenous nitrate: A possible role in tolerance to long-term root anoxia. J. Expt. Bot. 55:2625-2634.
2. Aloni, B. and G. Rosenshtein. 1982. Effect of flooding on tomato cultivars: The relationship between proline accumulation and other morphological and physiological changes. Physiol. Plant. 56: 513-517.
3. Bailey-Serres, J. and R. Chang. 2005. Sensing and signalling in response to oxygen deprivation in plants and other organisms. Ann. Bot. (Lond.) 96:507518.
4. Berndt, M.P., E.T. Oaksford, and G. Mahon. 1998. Groundwater, p. 38-63. In: E.A. Fernald and E.D. Purdum (eds.). Water resources atlas of Florida. Inst. Sci. Public Affairs. Florida State Univ., Tallahassee.
5. Black, R.J. 2003. Florida climate data. Univ. Florida, Inst. Food Agr. Sci., Coop. Ext. Publ. EES5. 14 Nov. 2008. .
6. Blanco-Canqui, H., C.H. Gantzer, S.H. Anderson, E.E. Alberts, and A.L. Thompson. 2004. Grass barriers and vegetative filter strips effectiveness in reducing runoff, sediment, N, and phosphorus losses. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 68:1670-1678.
7. Bohlen, P.J., S. Lynch, L. Shabman, M. Clark, S. Shukla, and H. Swain. 2008. Paying for environmental services from agricultural lands: An example from the northern everglades. Front. Ecol. Environ 7(10):46-55.
8. Boman, B.J. 1987. Effects of soil series on shallow water table fluctuations in bedded citrus. Proc. Florida State Hort. Soc. 100:137-141.
9. Boman, B.J. and P.C. Wilson. 2003. Water table management as a BMP for reducing discharges from Indian River citrus groves: Modeling study. Indian River Res.0 Educ. Ctr. (IRREC) Res. Rpt. FTP2003-1.Univ. Florida. IRREC, Fort Pierce.
10. Boman, B.J., P.C. Wilson, M. Jennings, and S. Shukla. 2008. Detention/retention for citrus stormwater management. Univ. Florida, Inst. Food Agr. Sci. Ext. Publ. AE 1405. 2 Apr. 2008. .
11. Bonczek, J.L. and B.L. McNeal. 1996. Specific-gravity effects on fertilizer leaching from surface sources to shallow water tables. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 60:978-985.
12. Bradford, K.J. 1983. Effects of soil flooding on leaf gas exchange of tomato plants. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 73:475-479.
13. Burchell, M.R., II, R.W. Skaggs, G.M. Chescheir, J.W. Gilliam, and L.A. Arnold. 2005. Shallow subsurface drains to reduce nitrate losses from drained agricultural lands. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng. 48: 1079-1089.
14. Calvert, D.V., R.C. Koo, and H.W. Ford. 1967. Flood irrigation studies with citrus. Proc. Florida State Hort. Soc. 80:79-85.
15. Cooke, R.A., G.R. Sands, and L.C. Brown. 2005. Drainage water management: A practice for reducing nitrate loads from subsurface drainage systems. Proc. Gulf Hypoxia and Local Water Quality Concerns Wkshp. Amer. Soc. Agr. Biol. Eng. 26-28(Sept):19-28.
16. Corwin, D.L. and S.A. Bradford. 2008. Environmental impacts and sustainability of degraded water reuse. J. Environ. Qual. 37:S-1-S-7.
17. Daroub, S.H., J.D. Stuck, T.A. Lang, and O.A. Diaz. 2002. Particulate phosphorus in the everglades agricultural area: I Introduction and sources. Univ. Florida, Inst. Food Agr. Sci., Coop. Ext. Publ. SL197. 11 Nov. 2008. .
18. Davies, D.D. 1980. Anaerobic metabolism and the production of organic acids, p. 581-611. In: D.D. Davies (ed.). The biochemistry of plants Vol. 2. Academic Press, New York.
19. Diaz, O.A., T.A. Lang, S.H. Daroub, and M. Chen. 2008. Best management practices in the everglades agricultural area: Controlling particulate phosphorus and canal sediments. Univ. Florida, Inst. Food Agr. Sci., Coop. Ext. Publ. SL228. 11 Nov. 2008. .
20. Dickey, E.C. and D.H. Vanderholm. 1981. Vegetative filter treatment of livestock feedlot runoff. J. Environ. Qual. 10:279-284.
21. Dillaha, T.A., J.H. Sherrard, D. Lee, S. Mostaghimi, and V.O. Shanholtz. 1988. Evaluation of vegetative filter strips as a best management practice for feed lots. J.Water Pollut. Control Fed. 60:1231-1238.
22. Dillaha, T.A., R.B. Reneau, S. Mostaghimi, and D. Lee. 1989. Vegetative filter strips for agricultural nonpoint source pollution control. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng. 32:513-519.
23. Dolferus, R., E.J. Klok, C. Delessert, S. Wilson, K.P. Ismond, A.G. Good, W.J. Peacock, and E.S. Dennis. 2003. Enhancing the anaerobic response. Ann. Bot. (Lond.) 91:111-117.
24. Doty, C.W., J.E. Parsons, A.W. Badr, A. Nassehzadeh-Tabrizi, and R.W. Skaggs. 1985. Water table control for water resource projects on sandy soils. J. Soil Water Conserv. 40:360-364.
25. Drury, C.F., C.S. Tan, J.D. Gaynor, T.O. Oloya, and T.W. Welacky. 1996. Influence of controlled drainage-subirrigation on surface and tile drainage nitrate loss. J. Environ. Qual. 25:317-324.
26. Dukes, P.D., S.F. Jenkins, Jr., and S.S. Thompson, Jr. 1997. Detection and some observations of Phytophthora parasitica var nicotianae in ponds used for irrigation of tobacco. Tobacco Sci. 2:97-100.
27. Dunn, R.A. and J.W. Noling. 1995. Florida nematode control guide. Florida Coop. Ext. Serv., Inst. Food Agr. Sci., Univ. Florida, Gainesville.
28. Easton, D.D., M.E. Nagle, and D.L. Bailey. 1969. A method of estimating Verticillium albo-atrum propagules in field soil and irrigation waste water. Phytopathology 59:1171-1172.
29. Edwards, C.L., R.D. Shannon, and A.R. Jarrett. 1999. Sedimentation basin retention efficiencies for sediment, N and P from simulated agricultural runoff. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng. 42:403-409.
30. Else, M.A. and M.B. Jackson. 1998. Transport of 1-aminocyclopropane-1carboxylic acid (ACC) in the transpiration stream of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) in relation to foliar ethylene production and petiole epinasty. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 25:453-458.
31. Else, M.A., K.C. Hall, G.M. Arnold, W.J. Davies, and M.B. Jackson. 1995. Export of abscisic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, phosphate and nitrate from roots to shoots of flooded tomato plants. Plant Physiol. 107:377-384.
32. Evans, R., J.W. Gilliamm, and W. Skaggs. 1996. Controlled drainage management guidelines for improving drainage water quality. North Carolina Coop. Ext. Serv. Publ. AG443. 18 Nov. 2008. .
33. Evans, R.O. and R.W. Skaggs. 1989. Design guidelines for water table management systems on coastal plain soils. Appl. Eng. Agr. 5:539-548.
34. Evans, R.O., J. Paul Lilley, R.W. Skaggs, and J.W. Gilliam. 2000. Rural land use, water movement, coastal water quality. North Carolina Coop. Ext. Serv. Publ. G605.
35. Evans, R.O., J.W. Gilliam, and R.W. Skaggs. 1990. Controlled drainage management guidelines for improving water quality. North Carolina Coop. Ext. Serv. Publ. AG443.
36. Faulkner, L.R. and W.J. Bolander. 1970. Agriculturally polluted irrigation water as a source of plant-parasitic nematode infestation. J. Nematol. 2:368-374.
37. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. 2005. Gulf citrus BMP manual. Florida Dept. Agr. Consumer Serv., Tallahassee.
38. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. 2008. Vegetable and agronomic crops BMP manual. Florida Dept. Agr. Consumer Serv, Tallahassee.
39. Ford, H.W. 1964. The effect of rootstock, soil type, and soil pH on citrus root growth in soil subject to flooding. Proc. Florida State Hort. Soc. 77:41-45.
40. Geraldson, C.M. 1977. Pepper production efficiency using the gradient-mulch concept. Proc. Florida State Hort. Soc. 90:385-388.
41. Gharbi, I., B. Ricard, D. Rolin, M. Maucourt, M.H. Andrieu, E. Bizid, S. Smiti, and R. Brouquisse. 2007. Effect of hexokinase activity on tomato root metabolism during prolonged hypoxia. Plant Cell Environ. 30:508-517.
42. Gill, D.L. 1970. Pathogenic pythium from irrigation ponds. Plant Dis. Rptr. 54:1077-1079.
43. Gilliam, J.W. and R.W. Skaggs. 1986. Controlled agricultural drainage to maintain water quality. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 112:254-263.
44. Gilliam, J.W., R.W. Skaggs, and S.B. Weed. 1978. An evaluation of the potential for using drainage control to reduce nitrate loss from agricultural fields to surface waters. North Carolina State Univ., Water Resources Res. Inst. Rpt. No. 128.
45. Gilliam, J.W., R.W. Skaggs, and S.B. Weed. 1979. Drainage control to diminish nitrate loss from agricultural fields. J. Environ. Qual. 8:137-142.
46. Hanlon, E.A., G. Liu, and Y. Li. 2007. Literature review on calcium carbonate biogeochemistry and its effects on phosphorus removal in natural and constructed wetlands. Technical Rpt., Everglades Div., South Florida Water Management District, West Palm Beach, FL.
47. Harris, W.G., R.D. Rhue, G. Kidder, R.B. Brown, and R. Littell. 1996. Phosphorus retention as related to morphology and taxonomy of sandy coastal plain soil materials. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 60:1513-1521.
48. Hendricks, G.S., S. Shukla, K.E. Cushman, T.A. Obreza, F.M. Roka, K.M. Portier, and E.J. McAvoy. 2007. Florida watermelon production affected by water and nutrient management. HortTechnology 17:328-335.
49. Henry, J.A. 1998. Weather and climate, p. 16-37. In: E.A. Fernald and E.D. Purdum (eds.). Water resources atlas of Florida. Inst. Sci. Public Affairs, Florida State Univ, Tallahassee.
50. Hodges, A., E. Philippakos, D. Mulkey, T. Spreen, and R. Muraro. 2006. Economic impact of Florida's citrus industry. Univ. Florida, Inst. Food Agr. Sci., Coop. Ext. Publ. FE 633. 11Nov. 2008. .
51. Hubbell, J.N., R.D. William, S.M. Lin, Y.S.C. Roan, and H.A. Hsu. 1979. Effect of excessive water, cultivar and compost on performance of tomato production on two soil types, p. 154-175. In: R. Cowell (ed.). 1st Intl. Symp. Trop. Tomato, Asian Vegetable Res. and Dev. Ctr., Shanhua, Taiwan.
52. Jaber, F.H. and S. Shukla. 2004. Simulating water dynamics in agricultural stormwater impoundments for irrigation water supply. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng. 47: 1465-1476.
53. Jaber, F.H., S. Shukla, and S. Srivastava. 2006. Recharge, upflux and water table response for shallow water table conditions. Hydrol. Process. 20:1895-1907.
54. Kalita, P.K. and R.S. Kanwar. 1993. Effect of water table management practices on the transport of nitrate-N to shallow groundwater. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng. 36:413-422.
55. Karlen, D.L., R.E. Sojka, and M.L. Robbins. 1983. Influence of excess soil-water and N rates on leaf diffusive resistance and storage quality of tomato fruit. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 14:699-708.
56. Kliewer, B.A. and J.W. Gilliam. 1995. Water table management effects on denitrification and nitrous oxide evolution. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 95:1694-1701.
57. Kozlowski, T.T. 2002. Acclimation and adaptive responses ofwoody plants to environmental stresses. Bot. Rev. 68:270-334.
58. Kuo, C.G. and B.W. Chen. 1980. Physiological responses of tomato cultivars to flooding. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 195: 751-755.
59. Kuo, C.G., J.S. Tsay, B.W. Chen, and P.Y. Lin. 1982. Screening for flooding tolerance in the genus Lycopersicon. HortScience 17:76-78.
60. Lalonde, V., C.A. Madramootoo, L. Trenholm, and R.S. Broughton. 1996. Effects of controlled drainage on nitrate concentrations in subsurface drain discharge. Agr. Water Mgt. 29:187-199.
61. Lanier, A.L. 1990. Database for evaluating the water quality effectiveness of best management practices. Dept. Biol. Agr. Eng., North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh.
62. Li, H., J.P. Syvertsen, R.J. Stuart, C.W. McCoy, A.W. Schumann, and W.S. Castle. 2004. Soil liming and flooding effects on diaprepres root weevil larval survival and citrus seedling growth. Proc. Florida State Hort. Soc. 117:157-162.
63. Liaghat, A. and S.O. Prasher. 1997. Role of soil and grass strips in reducing nitrateN pollution in subsurface-drained farmlands: Lysimeter results. Can. Water Resour. J. 22:117-127.
64. Lim, T.T., D.R. Edwards, S.R. Workman, B.T. Larson, and L. Dunn. 1998. Vegetated filter strip removal of cattle manure constituents in runoff. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng. 41:1375-1381.
65. Maas, P.W.T. 1987. Physical methods and quarantine, p. 265-291. In: R.H. Brown and B.R. Kerry (eds.). Principles and practice of nematode control in crops. Academic Press, Orlando, FL.
66. MacDonald, J.D., M.S. Ali-Shtayeh, J. Kabashima, and J. Stites. 1994. Occurrence of Phytophthora spp. in recirculated nursery irrigation effluents. Plant Dis. 78:607-611.
67. Magette, W.L., R.B. Brinsfield, R.E. Palmer, and J.D. Wood. 1989. Nutrient and sediment removal by vegetated filter Strips. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng. 32:663-667.
68. Main, M.B. and G.M. Allen. 2007. Seasonal and habitat influences of avifauna of an agricultural impoundment in southwest Florida: Results of a five-year monitoring program. Fla. Sci. 70:219-240.
69. McIntosh, D.L. 1966. The occurrence of Phytophthora spp. in irrigation systems in British Columbia. Can. J. Bot. 44:1591-1596.
70. McNamara, S.T. and C.A. Mitchell. 1989. Differential flood stress resistance of two tomato genotypes. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 114:976-980.
71. Mebalds, M., A. van der Linden, M. Bankier, and D. Beardsell. 1996. Using ultraviolet radiation and chlorine dioxide to control fungal plant pathogens in water. Nurs. Pap. 5:1-2.
72. Morgan, K.T., T.A. Obreza, and J.M.S. Scholberg. 2007. Orange tree fibrous root length distribution in space and time. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 132:262-269.
73. Mossa, J. 1998. Surface water, p. 64-81. In: E.A. Fernald and E.D. Purdum (eds.). Water resources atlas of Florida. Inst. Sci. Public Affairs. Florida State Univ., Tallahassee.
74. O'Connor, G.A., H.A. Elliott, and R.K. Bastian. 2008. Degraded water reuse: An overview. J. Environ. Qual. 37:S-157-S-168.
75. Obreza, T.A. and B.J. Boman. 1992. Simulated citrus water use from shallow groundwater, p. 177-182. In: E.T. Engman (ed.). Irrigation and drainage: Saving a threatened resource in search of solutions. Amer. Soc. Civil Eng., New York.
76. Olson, S.M. and E. Simonne. 2007. Vegetable production handbook for Florida. Vance Publishing, Lenexa, KS. Oregon Department of Agriculture. 2003. A case study of small sediment basins to control irrigation-induced erosion in willow creek, Malheur County. 14 Nov. 2008. .
77. Overman, A.R. and T. Schanze. 1985. Runoff water quality from wastewater irrigation. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng. 28:1535-1538.
78. Pandey, C., S. Shukla, and T.A. Obreza. 2007. Development and evaluation of soil moisture based seepage irrigation management for water use and quality. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 133(5):1-9.
79. Pathak, C.S. 2001. Frequency analysis of daily rainfall maxima for central and south Florida. Tech. Publ. EMA390. South Florida Water Management District, West Palm Beach, FL.
80. Pfister-Sieber, M. and R. Brandle. 1995. Response of potato tubers to hypoxia followed by re-aeration. Potato Res. 38:231-239.
81. Poysa, V.W., C.S. Tan, and J.A. Stone. 1987. Flooding stress and the root development of several tomato genotypes. HortScience 22:24-26.
82. Rao, R. and Y. Li. 2003. Management of flooding effects on growth of vegetable and selected field crops. HortTechnology 13:610-616.
83. Roberts, P.D., R.R. Urs, R.D. FrenchMonar, M.S. Hoffine, T.E. Seijo, and R.J. McGovern. 2005. Survival and recovery of Phytophthora capsici and oomycetes in tailwater and soil from vegetable fields in Florida. Ann. Appl. Biol. 146:351-359.
84. Ruiz-Sanchez, M.C., R.D. Domingo, D. Morales, and A. Torrecillas. 1996. Water relations of Fino lemon plants on two rootstock under flooded conditions. Plant Sci. 120:119-125.
85. Schaffer, B., P.C. Andersen, and R.C. Poetz. 1993. Responses of fruit crops to flooding. Hort. Rev. (Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.) 13:257-313.
86. Schueler, T. 1987. Controlling urban runoff: A practical manual for planning and designing urban BMPs. Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments, Washington, DC.
87. Schuster, M. 1959. Relation of root-knot nematodes in irrigation water to the incidence and dissemination of bacterial wilt of bean. Plant Dis. Rptr. 43:27-32.
88. Schwer, C.B. and J.C. Clausen. 1989. Vegetative filter treatment of dairy milkhouse wastewater. J. Environ. Qual. 18: 446-451.
89. Shukla, S. 2006. Harvesting water as a second crop. Citrus Veg. Mag. 70(9):28.
90. Shukla, S. and C. Pandey. 2008. Impacts of organic amendments on soil water retention and water conservation in southwest Florida. Rpt. No. WRP-CO-08. Southwest Florida Water Management District, Brookesville, FL.
91. Shukla, S. and F.H. Jaber. 2002. Hydrologic/ hydraulic modeling of citrus grove impoundment. Final Rpt. WRP-003. South Florida Water Management District, Fort Myers, FL.
92. Shukla, S. and F.H. Jaber. 2006. Stormwater as an alternative source of water supply: Feasibility and implications of watershed management. Univ. Florida, Inst. Food Agr. Sci. Ext. Publ. AE398. 18 Nov. 2008. .
93. Shukla, S. and S.D. Collins. 2005. Utilizing in-situ mesocoms to quantify phosphorus fluxes in the agricultural canals in the Lake Okeechobee basin. 3rd Intl. Congr. Chem. Environ., Indore, India.
94. Shukla, S., E.A. Hanlon, T. Borisova, F.M. Roka, M.B. Main, and P.D. Roberts. 2008. Watershed-scale impacts of using stormwater impoundments as an alternate source of water supply. Proc. 2008 Greater Everglades Ecosystem Restoration (GEER): Planning, Policy Sci. Conf., Naples, FL. p. 398-399.
95. Shukla, S., S.D. Collins, and K.L. Campbell. 2006. Effects of water retention in agricultural canals on phosphorus flux in the Lake Okeechobee basin. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng., Annu. Intl. Mtg., Portland, OR.
96. Sieber, M. and R. Brandle. 1991. Energy metabolism in rhizomes of Acorus calamus and in tubers of Solanum tuberosum with regard to their anoxia tolerance. Bot. Acta 104:279-282.
97. Skaggs, R.W. and G.M. Chescheir. 2003. Effects of subsurface drain depth on nitrogen losses from drained lands. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng. 46:237-244.
98. Skaggs, R.W. and J.W. Gilliam. 1981. Effect of drainage system design and operation on nitrate transport. Trans. Amer. Soc. Agr. Eng. 24:929-934.
99. South Florida Water Management District. 2007. Environmental resource permit information manual, Volume IV. 14 Nov. 2008. .
100. Stanley, C.D. and G.A. Clark. 2003. Effects of reduced water table and fertility effects on subirrigated tomato production in southwest Florida. Univ. Florida. Inst. Food Agr. Sci. Ext. Publ. SS-429. 16 Nov. 2008. .
101. Stevens, T., A. Hodges, and D. Mulkey. 2003. Florida agriculture and the vegetable industry. Inst. Food Agr. Sci., Food Resource Econ. Dept., Univ. Florida, Gainesville.
102. Stover, R.H. 1979. Flooding of soil for disease control, p. 19-28. In: C.J. Mulder (ed.). Soil disinfestation. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
103. Syvertsen, J.P., R.M. Zablotowicz, and M.L. Smith, Jr. 1983. Soil temperature and flooding effects on two species of citrus. I. Plant growth and hydraulic conductivity. Plant Soil 72:3-12.
104. Thompson, D.L. 1965. Control of bacterial stalk rot of corn by chlorination of water in sprinkler irrigation. Crop Sci. 5:369-370.
105. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1988. Handbook of conservation practices. Supplement. Soil Conservation Serv., U.S. Dept. of Agr., Washington, D.C.
106. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2002.Census of agriculture-state data. Natl. Agr. Stat. Serv., U.S. Dept. Agr, Washington, DC.
107. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2007. Census of agriculture-state data. Natl. Agr. Stat. Serv., U.S. Dept. Agr, Washington, DC.
108. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1999. Wet detention ponds. EPA 832-F99-048. 18Nov. 2008. .
109. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2008. Management measure for protection of wetlands and riparian areas. 13 Nov. 2008. .
110. VanArman, J., W. Park, P. Nicholas, P. Strayer, A. McLean, B. Rosen, and J. Gross. 1998. South Florida Water Management District, p. 238-259. In: E.A. Fernald and E.D. Purdum (eds.). Water resources atlas of Florida. Inst. Sci. Public Affairs. Florida State Univ., Tallahassee.
111. Vartapetian, B.B. and M.B. Jackson. 1997. Plant adaptations to anaerobic stress. Ann. Bot. (Lond.) 79:3-20.
112. Vartapetian, B.B., I.N. Andreeva, I.P. Generozova, L.I. Polyakova, I.P. Maslova, Y.I. Dolgikh, and A.U. Stepanova. 2003. Functional electron microscopy in studies of plant response and adaptation to anaerobic stress. Ann. Bot. (Lond.) 91:155-172.
113. Whiteside, J.O. and T.W. Oswalt. 1973. An unusual brown rot outbreak in Florida citrus grove following sprinkler with Phytophthora-infested water. Plant Dis. Rptr. 57:391-393.
114. Winsberg, M.D. 2003. Florida weather. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
115. Yetisir, H., M.E. Caliskan, S. Soylu, and M. Sakar. 2005. Some physiological and growth responses of water melon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. And Nakai] grafted onto Lagenarea siceraria to flooding. Environ. Exp. Bot. 58:1-8.
116. Young, R.A., T. Huntrods, and W. Anderson. 1980. Effectiveness of vegetated buffer strips in controlling pollution and feedlot runoff. J. Environ. Qual. 9: 483-487.