The changing shape of clinical practice: Driven by science or by pragmatics?

Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy

Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 22-43

  Fonagy, Peter ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; BORDERLINE STATE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITIVE THERAPY; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; GOOD CLINICAL PRACTICE; HUMAN; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MENTAL DISEASE; MENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH; MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOANALYSIS; PSYCHODYNAMICS; PSYCHOTHERAPY; SCIENCE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 77949561198     PISSN: 02668734     EISSN: 14749734     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02668731003590139     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Bachar, E., Latzer, Y., Kreitler, S., & Berry, E.M. (1999). Empirical comparison of two psychological therapies. Self psychology and cognitive orientation in the treatment of anorexia and bulimia. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 8(2), 115-128.
2. Bakermans-Kranenburg, M.J., Van, I.M.H., Pijlman, F.T., Mesman, J., & Juffer, F. (2008). Experimental evidence for differential susceptibility: Dopamine D4 receptor polymorphism (DRD4 VNTR) moderates intervention effects on toddlers' externalizing behavior in a randomized controlled trial. Developmental Psychology, 44(1),293-300.
3. Baldwin, S.A., Wampold, B.E., & Imel, Z.E. (2007). Untangling the alliance-outcome correlation: Exploring the relative importance of therapist and patient variability in the alliance. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(6), 842-852.
4. Barry, R.A., Kochanska, G., & Philibert, R.A. (2008). G £ E interaction in the organization of attachment: Mothers' responsiveness as a moderator of children's genotypes. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(12), 1313-1320.
5. Bateman, A.W., & Fonagy, P. (1999). The effectiveness of partial hospitalization in the treatment of borderline personality disorder a randomised controlled trial. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 1563-1569.
6. Bateman, A.W., & Fonagy, P. (2006). Mentalization based treatment for borderline personality disorder: A practical guide. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
7. Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2008). 8-year follow-up of patients treated for borderline personality disorder: mentalization-based treatment versus treatment as usual. American Journal of Psychiatry, 165(5), 631-638.
8. Bateman, A.W., & Fonagy, P. (in press). 8-year follow-up of patients treated for borderline personality disorder - mentalization based treatment versus treatment as usual. American Journal of Psychiatry.
9. Beck, A.T., & Bhar, S.S. (2009). Analyzing effectiveness of long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy. Journal of the American Medical Association, 301(9), 931-932; author reply 932-933.
10. Beutel, M., Rasting, M., Stuhr, U., Ruger, B., & Leuzinger-Bohleber, M. (2004). Assessing the impact of psychoanalyses and long-term psychoanalytic therapies on health care utilization and costs. Psychotherapy Research, 14, 146-160.
11. Blum, N., St John, D., Pfohl, B., Stuart, S., McCormick, B., Allen, J., et al. (2008). Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) for outpatients with borderline personality disorder: A randomized controlled trial and 1-year follow- up. American Journal of Psychiatry, 165(4), 468-478.
12. Brent, D., Emslie, G., Clarke, G., Wagner, K.D., Asarnow, J.R., Keller, M., et al. (2008). Switching to another SSRI or to venlafaxine with or without cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescents with SSRI-resistant depression: the TORDIA randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 299(8), 901-913.
13. Brown, G.S., Lambert, M.J., Jones, E.R., & Minami, T. (2005). Identifying highly effective psychotherapists in a managed care environment. American Journal of Managed Care, 11(8), 513-520.
14. Carrig, M.M., Kolden, G.G., & Strauman, T.J. (2009). Using functional magnetic resonance imaging in psychotherapy research: A brief introduction to concepts, methods, and task selection. Psychotherapy Research, 19, 1-9.
15. Caspi, A., Sugden, K., Moffitt, T.E., Taylor, A., Craig, I.W., Harrington, H., et al. (2003). Influence of life stress on depression: Moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science, 301(5631), 386-389.
16. Chanen, A.M., Jackson, H.J., McCutcheon, L.K., Jovev, M., Dudgeon, P., Yuen, H.P., et al. (2008). Early intervention for adolescents with borderline personality disorder using cognitive analytic therapy: Randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 193(6),477-484.
17. Clarkin, J., Levy, K.N., Lenzenweger, M.F., & Kernberg, O.F. (2007). Evaluating three treatments for borderline personality disorder: A multiwave study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 164, 922-928.
18. Cloitre, M., Chase Stovall-McClough, K., Miranda, R., & Chemtob, C.M. (2004). Therapeutic alliance, negative mood regulation, and treatment outcome in child abuse- related posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(3),411-416.
19. Cohen, J. (1962). The statistical power of abnormal-social psychological reserach: A review. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 65, 145-153.
20. Cottraux, J., Note, I.D., Boutitie, F., Milliery, M., Genouihlac, V., Yao, S.N., et al. (2009). Cognitive therapy versus Rogerian supportive therapy in borderline personality disorder. Two-year follow-up of a controlled pilot study. Psychotherapy Psychoso- matics, 78(5), 307-316.
21. Cuijpers, P., van Straten, A., van Oppen, P., & Andersson, G. (2008). Are psychological and pharmacologic interventions equally effective in the treatment of adult depressive disorders? A meta-analysis of comparative studies. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 69(11),1675-1685, quiz 1839-1641.
22. Dare, C., Eisler, I., Russell, G., Treasure, J., & Dodge, L. (2001). Psychological therapies for adults with anorexia nervosa: Randomised controlled trial of out-patient treatments. British Journal of Psychiatry, 178, 216-221.
23. de Maat, S., de Jonghe, F., Schoevers, R., & Dekker, J. (2009). The effectiveness of long-term psychoanalytic therapy: A systematic review of empirical studies. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 17(1), 1-23.
24. Dolan, P., Lee, H.J., King, D., & Metclalfe, R. (2009). How does NICE value health? British Medical Journal, 339, 371-373.
25. Eisenberger, N.I., Lieberman, M.D., & Williams, K.D. (2003). Does rejection hurt? An FMRI study of social exclusion. Science, 302(5643), 290-292.
26. Eysenck, H.J. (1952). The effects of psychotherapy: An evaluation. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 16, 319-324.
27. Fonagy, P., & Higgitt, A. (2009). SSRIs should they be the first line treatment for pediatric depression or should they be banned: A systematic review of not so systematic reviews of the SSRI controversy, Unpublished manuscript.
28. Freud, S. (1937). Analysis terminable and interminable. In J. Strachey (Ed.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud, (Vol. 23, pp. 209-253). London: Hogarth Press.
29. Giesen-Bloo, J., van Dyck, R., Spinhoven, P., van Tilburg, W., Dirksen, C., van Asselt, T., et al. (2006). Outpatient psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: Randomized trial of schema-focused therapy vs transference-focused psychotherapy. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63(6), 649-658.
30. Glass, R.M. (2008). Psychodynamic psychotherapy and research evidence: Bambi survives Godzilla? Journal of the American Medical Association, 300(13), 1587-1589.
31. Gregory, R.J., Virk, S., Chlebowski, S., Kang, D., Remen, A.L., Soderberg, M.G., et al. (2008). A controlled trial of psychodynamic psychotherapy for co-occurring borderline personality disorder and alcohol use disorder. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 45(1), 28-41.
32. Henggeler, S.W., Clingempeel, W.G., Brondino, M.J., & Pickrel, S.G. (2002). Four-year follow-up of multisystemic therapy with substance-abusing and substance-dependent juvenile offenders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(7), 868-874.
33. Howard, K.I., Kopta, S.M., Krause, M.S., & Orlinsky, D.E. (1986). The dose-effect relationship in psychotherapy. Special Issue: Psychotherapy research. American Psychologist, 41, 159-164.
34. Huber, D., Denscherz, C., Gastner, J., Henrich, G., & Klug, G. (submitted). Psychodynamic long-term psychotherapies and cognitive-behavior therapy in comparison. Manuscript submitted for publication.
35. Jeffery, E.H. (2001). The mortality of psychoanalysts. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 49, 103-111.
36. Jefferys, D.B., Leakey, D., Lewis, J.A., Payne, S., & Rawlins, M.D. (1998). New active substances authorised in the United Kingdom between 1972 and 1994. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 45, 151-156.
37. Kaufman, J., Yang, B.Z., Douglas-Palumberi, H., Houshyar, S., Lipschitz, D., Krystal, J.H., et al. (2004). Social supports and serotonin transporter gene moderate depression in maltreated children. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 101(49), 17316-17321.
38. Kazdin, A.E. (2006). Arbitrary metrics: implications for identifying evidence-based treatments. American Journal of Psychology, 61(1), 42-49, discussion 62-71.
39. Kazdin, A.E. (2008). Understanding how and why psychotherapy leads to change. Psychotherapy Research, 1-11.
40. Klein, D.N., Schwartz, J.E., Santiago, N.J., Vivian, D., Vocisano, C., Castonguay, L.G., et al. (2003). Therapeutic alliance in depression treatment: Controlling for prior change and patient characteristics. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(6),997-1006.
41. Klug, G., & Huber, D. (2009). Psychic structure: exploring an empirically still unknown territory. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 57(1), 149-173.
42. Knekt, P., Lindfors, O., Harkanen, T., Valikoski, M., Virtala, E., Laaksonen, M.A., et al. (2008). Randomized trial on the effectiveness of long-and short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy and solution-focused therapy on psychiatric symptoms during a 3-year follow-up. Psychological Medicine, 38(5), 689-703.
43. Kopta, S.M., Lueger, R.J., Saunders, S.M., & Howard, K.I. (1999). Individual psychotherapy outcome and process research: Challenges leading to greater turmoil or a positive transition? Annual Review of Psychology, 50, 441-469.
44. Korner, A., Gerull, F., Meares, R., & Stevenson, J. (2006). Borderline personality disorder treated with the conversational model: A replication study. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 47, 406-411.
45. Kriston, L., Holzel, L., & Harter, M. (2009). Analyzing effectiveness of long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy. Journal of the American Medical Association, 301(9), 930-931; author reply 932-933.
46. La Greca, A.M., Silverman, W.K., & Lochman, J.E. (2009). Moving beyond efficacy and effectiveness in child and adolescent intervention research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(3), 373-382.
47. Laupacis, A., Sackett, D.L., & Roberts, R.S. (1988). An Assessment of Clinically Useful Measures of the Consequences of Treatment. New England Journal of Medicine, 318(26),1728-1733.
48. Leichsenring, F., & Rabung, S. (2008). Effectiveness of long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy: A meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association, 300(13),1551-1565.
49. Leichsenring, F., & Rabung, S. (2009). Author's reply. Journal of the American Medical Association, 301, 932-933.
50. Lejuez, C.W., Aklin, W., Daughters, S., Zvolensky, M., Kahler, C., Gwadz, M., et al. (2007). Reliability and validity of the youth version of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART-Y) in the assessment of risk-taking behavior among inner-city adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36(1), 106-111.
51. Leuzinger-Bohleber, M., Stuhr, U., Ruger, B., & Beutel, M. (2003). How to study the 'quality of psychoanalytic treatments' and their long-term effects on patients' well-being: A representative, multi-perspective follow-up study. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 84(Pt 2), 263-290.
52. Lilienfeld, S.O. (2007). Psychological treatmetns that cause harm. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2, 53-70.
53. Linehan, M.M., Comtois, K.A., Murray, A.M., Brown, M.Z., Gallop, R.J., Heard, H.L., et al. (2006). Two-year randomized controlled trial and follow-up of dialectical behavior therapy vs therapy by experts for suicidal behaviors and borderline personality disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63(7), 757-766.
54. Luborsky, L., Diguer, L., Seligman, D.A., Rosenthal, R., Krause, E.D., Johnson, S., et al. (1999). The researcher's own therapy allegiances: A 'wild card' in comparisons of treatment efficacy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 6, 95-106.
55. Luyten, P., & Blatt, S.J. (2007). Looking back towards the future: Is it time to change the DSM approach to psychiatric disorders? The case of depression. Psychiatry, 70(2), 85-99.
56. Maina, G., Rosso, G., & Bogetto, F. (2009). Brief dynamic therapy combined with pharmacotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder: Long-term results. Journal of Affective Disorders, 114(1-3), 200-207.
57. Pressman, S.D., & Cohen, S. (2005). Does positive affect influence health? Psychological Bulletin, 131(6), 925-971.
58. Puschner, B., Kraft, S., Kachele, H., & Kordy, H. (2007). Course of improvement over 2 years in psychoanalytic and psychodynamic outpatient psychotherapy. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 80(1), 51-68.
59. Rawlins, M. (2008). De Testimonio: On the evidence for decisions about the use of therapeutic interventions. London: Royal College of Physicians (The Harveian Oration).
60. Risch, N., Herrell, R., Lehner, T., Liang, K.Y., Eaves, L., Hoh, J., et al. (2009). Interaction between the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR), stressful life events, and risk of depression: a meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association, 301(23), 2462-2471.
61. Roback, H.B. (2000). Adverse outcomes in group psychotherapy: Risk factors, prevention, and research directions. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice Research, 9(3), 113-122.
62. Roepke, S., & Renneberg, B. (2009). Analyzing effectiveness of long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy. Journal of the American Association, 309(9), 931-932; author reply 932-933.
63. Sackett, D.L., Richardson, W.S., Rosenberg, W.M., & Haynes, R.B. (2000). Evidence based medicine: How to practice and teach EBM (2nd ed.). New York & Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
64. Sackett, D.L., Rosenberg, W.M., Gray, J.A.M., Haynes, R.B., & Richardson, W.S. (1996). Evidence based medicine: What it is and what it isn't. British Medical Journal, 312, 71-72.
65. Strauss, S.E., Richardson, W.S., Glasziou, P., & Haynes, R.B. (2005). Evidence based medicine: How to practice and teach EBM (3rd ed.). New York: Elsevier.
66. Svartberg, M., Stiles, T.C., & Seltzer, M.H. (2004). Randomized, controlled trial of the effectiveness of short-term dynamic psychotherapy and cognitive therapy for cluster C personality disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 810-817.
67. Thombs, B.D., Bassel, M., & Jewett, L.R. (2009). Analyzing effectiveness of long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy. Journal of the American Medical Association, 301(9), 930; author reply 932-933.
68. Turner, E.H., Matthews, A.M., Linardatos, E., Tell, R.A., & Rosenthal, R. (2008). Selective publication of antidepressant trials and its influence on apparent efficacy. New England Journal of Medicine, 358(3), 252-260.
69. Tyrer, P., Tom, B., Byford, S., Schmidt, U., Jones, V., Davidson, K., et al. (2004). Differential effects of manual assisted cognitive behavior therapy in the treatment of recurrent deliberate self-harm and personality disturbance: The POPMACT study. Journal of Personality Disorders, 18(1), 102-116.
70. Wampold, B.E. (2001). The Great Psychotherapy Debate: Models, Methods, and Findings. Hillsdale, NJ: Laurence Erlbaum Associates.
71. Wampold, B.E., Imel, Z.E., & Minami, T. (2007). The story of placebo effects in medicine: evidence in context. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63(4), 379-390.
72. Weiss, A.P., Guidi, J., & Fava, M. (2009). Closing the efficacy-effectiveness gap: translating both the what and the how from randomized controlled trials to clinical practice. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 70(4), 446-449.
73. Weisz, J.R., McCarty, C.A., & Valeri, S.M. (2006). Effects of psychotherapy for depression in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(1),132-149.
74. Westen, D., & Bradley, R. (2005). Empirically supported complexity: Rethinking evidence-based practice in psychotherapy. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(5), 266-271.
75. Whittington, C.J., Kendall, T., Fonagy, P., Cottrell, D., Cotgrove, A., & Boddington, E. (2004). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in childhood depression: systematic review of published versus unpublished data. Lancet, 363(9418), 1341-1345.